EP2065670A2

EP2065670A2 - Shield

Info

Publication number: EP2065670A2
Application number: EP08270007A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Eran Bauer; Gerard Bauer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-11-30
Filing date: 2008-12-01
Publication date: 2009-06-03
Also published as: GB2455891B; GB0723443D0; EP2065670A3; GB0821874D0; GB2455891A

Abstract

A riot shield comprising a planar shield member (1), and at least one handle (3,4), secured to the back of the shield member (1) wherein the shield member is formed from a plastics material that is capable of deforming plastically upon impact. The shield member is preferably formed from Lexan® 9030 FA XR. Integral linking means (5,6) is provided on each of two opposing sides of the shield member (1) whereby the shield member (1) can be releasably interlinked with the integral linking means of a second riot shield.

Description

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an improved riot shield and, in particular, to a riot shield which can be used in combination with a plurality of other riot shields to form a strong, secure and effective defensive wall between riot control officers and rioters.

Background of the Invention

Ever increasingly, disputes between, and grievances held by sections of society are being openly aired by demonstrating on the streets. Whenever these demonstrations deteriorate into riots and civil disorder it is the police who are called upon to control the situation and impose law and order. The police are not expected to use excessive force against the rioters, and yet they may be subjected to direct physical attack and have hails of missiles and projectiles thrown at them. It is not unknown for fire bombs and even firearms to be used against the police by the rioters. An important item of equipment in the police's armoury against the rioters is the riot shield.
An officer equipped with a riot shield can protect himself from attack, and to a certain extent he can protect brother officers behind him not equipped with riot shields. However, working alone with a riot shield an officer is always vulnerable to attack from the side or from behind. Accordingly, officers are trained to work as a group in a riot situation and to use their riot shields to secure a tactical advantage over the rioters. Those officers in the first few ranks of a company are equipped with riot shields which they use to form a defensive wall between themselves and the rioters. Those officers not equipped with riot shields shelter behind the officers holding up the defensive wall and follow the wall into the rioters to impose control and restore peace on the situation. In this respect, the wall affords complete protection as the officers move into the rioters and allow them to adopt various tactical formations such as wedges, pincer movements, etc. An example, of one such tactical move facilitated by the use of riot shields to form a defensive wall is that of a snatch to take trouble makers and ringleaders out of the riot. A snatch squad of officers shelters behind the defensive wall and when an opportunity presents itself a section of the defensive wall is opened to allow the snatch squad through. Once the snatch is completed the officers can return through the opening with their prisoner and the opening is then closed to prevent other demonstrators from following the snatch squad through.
In order to work effectively as a defensive wall the edges of adjacent riot shields are allowed in use to overlap each other. However, in the absence of any securing means it will always be possible for rioters in large enough numbers to separate the riot shields and break through the defensive wall to attack the officers behind. At the present time, and using conventional riot shields, the police must try to keep the riot shields together by bracing them against the ground.
Typically, a riot shield consists of a polycarbonate sheet having two handles secured to the back of it which enable an officer to carry the riot shield on his left arm, whilst leaving his right arm free. Polycarbonate material is lightweight, yet tough and very shock resistant. It is also fire resistant. In addition, it can be transparent. All of these features make it suited to use as a riot shield - it affords good protection against attack, either directly or by missiles and projectiles, whilst being easily carried, and allows an officer to see the situation faced through it.
However, polycarbonate shields can be brittle and prone to cracking after extended use. When polycarbonate shields break, they break into shards and in a riot control situation this can be highly dangerous for both the officers and rioters. Consequently, there is a need to replace polycarbonate riot shields to prevent breaking after deterioration through extended use.
In addition, for optimum performance, polycarbonate riot shields are typically required to be around 4mm thick and this can make them heavy.
EP0255761 describes a polycarbonate riot shield which is capable of interlocking with an adjacent riot shield to provide greater strength than other prior art shields. These shields may be linked together by interlocking channels formed in the shields. Although these shields are superior to non-locking or flat riot shields, formation of channels in the shields during manufacture may cause stress in those areas.
Polycarbonate is prone to cracking at points of stress. The areas around the channels in the shield described in EP0255761 are subjected to further stress in use, as adjacent shields interlock mechanically in those areas when a wall of shields is formed. Further, stress is unavoidably induced in the polycarbonate material when the channels are formed during manufacture.
In a riot situation, petrol bombs are often used to attack officers with riot shields. Polycarbonate shields are weakened by contact with solvents such as petrol, which may cause cracks to appear in the material, in particular if the shield is contacted with solvent whilst the shield is stressed. Heat exacerbates cracking of polycarbonate when attacked by a solvent such as petrol. Therefore the service life of polycarbonate shields would be reduced by exposure to petrol bombs. In fact, it has been found that a riot shield will fail upon receiving a blow after being subjected to a solvent.
It would therefore be desirable to provide an improved riot shield.

Summary of the Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a riot shield comprising a planar shield member and at least one handle secured to the back of the shield member wherein the shield member is formed from a plastics material that is capable of deforming plastically upon impact.
Preferably, the plastics material comprises a mixture of polycarbonate and silicone.
In a preferred embodiment the shield member is formed from Lexan® 9030 FA XR.
Advantageously, the riot shield can be releasably secured to another riot shield on each side to form a strong secure and effective defensive wall.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided a riot shield comprising a planar shield member and at least one handle secured to the back of the shield member, wherein integral linking means is provided on each of two opposing sides of the shield member, whereby the shield member can be releasably interlinked with the linking means of a second riot shield.
Preferably, each linking means comprises an open channel section integrally formed in a side of the shield member, which channel section opens towards the back of the shield member, and locking means which lies in or over the open channel section and is adapted in use to lock the open channel section of a second riot shield in the said open channel section.
In use two or more riot shields are secured together by slipping the channel section of one riot shield into the channel section of the other riot shield and locking it there with the locking means. The channel sections of adjacent shields are connected together from the rear of the shields and as such it is relatively easy for officers to engage and to disengage their riot shields, although it is virtually impossible for the rioters pressing on the front of the riot shields to separate them by breaking the locking means.
Preferably, the shield member is comprised of a sheet of Lexan® 9030 FA XR.
Advantageously, the channel sections are pressed into two opposing sides of a sheet of Lexan® 9030 FA XR. It will be appreciated that other materials, such as mild steel, fibreglass, etc. may be used, provided they are suitably tough and shock resistant.
The actual dimensions of the shield member are not crucial, but generally it must be tall enough to afford protection from the top of a user's head to his knees and wide enough to extend beyond his shoulders on each side. Generally speaking the shield will be rectangular in shape with the open channel shaped sections extending the length of each longest side. To prevent torsional twisting of the shield member a reinforcing plate may be secured to the back of it and this too can be formed of of Lexan® 9030 FA XR or another suitable material such as polycarbonate. In addition to preventing torsional twisting of the shield member the reinforcing plate also gives the riot shield increased strength and resistance to projectiles and missiles. Preferably, the reinforcing plate is secured to the shield member by the same fastening means used to secure the handles in position.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the width of the reinforcing plate is such that each of two of its edges extend part way over the open channel section. In this way the edges of the reinforcing plate provide a tang against which the leading edge of the channel section of a second riot shield can brace and be locked. To assist the locking action of the edge of the reinforcing plate it may be bent over to provide a hook behind and against which the leading edge of the channel section of the second riot shield can be located.
It will be appreciated that other locking mechanisms may also be used of lesser or greater sophistication. However, whatever the form of the locking means itself it should be born in mind that it must secure the channel section of a second riot shield within the channel section it is associated with, but still facilitate quick and easy disengagement of the two channel sections from each other. For this reason sophisticated locking mechanisms consisting of slots and clips, although falling with the scope of the present invention, may not be quite as suited to the purpose in hand as the simple tang provided by the edge of the reinforcing plate.
Preferably, the channel section is of substantially semi-circular cross-section, however other cross-sections can be envisaged, such as square, triangular and composite.
Advantageously, the shield member is formed from a plastics material which when fractured does not break into shards.
Advantageously, the shield member is resistant to attack by solvents. An example of a solvent to which it may be resistant is petrol.
Advantageously, the shield member is less than 3mm thick.
Preferably, the shield member is between 2mm and 3mm thick.
In a preferred embodiment, the shield member is 2.5mm thick.
Preferably, the shield member is formed from a plastics material that is capable of deforming plastically upon impact, is resistant to solvents and when fractured does not break into shards.

Brief Description of the Drawings

An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a riot shield embodying the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of two of the riot shields of Fig. 1 connected together;
Fig. 3 shows a cross-section along lines III-III of Fig. 2; and
Fig. 4(a) to 4(d) shows a number of alternatives to the linking means shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

Referring to Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings there is shown a riot shield comprising a rectangular shield member 1, a reinforcing plate 2 and two handles 3 and 4. The shield member 1 is formed from a sheet of Lexan® 9030 FA XR as marketed by GE Plastics.
Lexan® 9030 FA XR as marketed by GE Plastics is a material that has been used in the food packaging and chocolate mould industry. It is a plastics compound comprising a mixture of polycarbonate and silicone.
A riot shield formed from this material has a number of advantages over prior art polycarbonate shields. Lexan® 9030 FA XR is slightly softer than polycarbonate and therefore the shield is less brittle. It also deforms when struck with a heavy object, which helps to absorb energy better than polycarbonate. Typically, upon receipt of a blow from, for example a brick or hammer, a shield made from Lexan® 9030 FA XR would deform plastically, whereas with a polycarbonate shield the object would either bounce off the shield or the shield would fail.
Shields formed from Lexan® 9030 FA XR are resistant to shatter and if such a shield were to fail it would tend to fail by tearing rather than shattering. In a shield formed from Lexan® 9030 FA XR cracks are less prone to develop from notches or abrasions than in polycarbonate shields. Furthermore, shields of Lexan® 9030 FA XR are more resistant to fuel or solvent contamination.
Lexan® 9030 FA XR is easier to mould in manufacture than polycarbonate. Lexan® 9030 FA XR can be transparent which makes it ideally suited to use in a riot shield where the user must be able to see beyond the riot shield without giving up the protection it affords.

Moreover, a thickness of only 2-3mm of Lexan® 9030 FA XR has been shown to be capable of stopping most of the projectiles and missiles likely to be used by rioters, compared to 4mm thick polycarbonate which is used in prior art shields. Indeed, it can even stop bird shot and small calibre bullets. In a preferred embodiment the shield is 2.5mm thick. The height and width of the shield member 1 are not crucial, but generally the shield member should be tall enough to extend from above the user's head to his knees and be wide enough to extend beyond his shoulders on each side. Table 1 below lists the typical properties of Lexan® 9030 FA XR:

Table 1

Property	Value	Unit	Test Method
Density	1.2	g/cm³	ISO 1183
Water absorption (23°C sat)	0.12	%	ISO 62
Water absorption (23°C/ 50%RH)	0.09	%	ISO 62
Tensile stress at yield 50mm/min	60	MPa	ISO 527
Tensile stress at break 50mm/min	60	MPa	ISO 527
Tensile strain at yield 50mm/min	6	%	ISO 527
Tensile strain at break 50mm/min	110	%	ISO 527
Tensile Modulus 1mm/min	2000	MPa	ISO 527
Flexural stress at yield 2mm/min	90	MPa	ISO 178
Flexural Modulus 2mm/min	2200	MPa	ISO 178
Charpy 23°C V-notch Edgew80^10^4 sp=62	74	kJ/m³	ISO 179/1eA
Charpy -30°C V-notch Edgew80^10^4 sp=62	24	kJ/m³	ISO 179/1eA
Izod impact, notched 80^10^4 23°C	56	kJ/m³	ISO 180/1A
Izod impact, notched 80^10^4 -30°C	29	kJ/m³	ISO 180/1A
Vicat
8/120	142	°C	ISO 306
HDT/Af. 1.8 MPa Flatw. 80^10^4/spa64	118	°C	ISO 75/Af
Ball pressure test 125± 2 °C	Passes	-	IEC60695-10-2
Light transmission 3mm	78	%	ASTM-01003

*These property values have been derived from Lexan® resin data for the material used to produce this sheet product. All values are measured at least after 48 hours storage at 23°C/50% relative humidity.

A channel section 5, 6 of essentially semi-circular cross-section is formed on each side of the shield member 1 between the top and the bottom. The open side of each channel section 5, 6 faces towards the back of the shield member 1.
The reinforcing plate 2 is also comprised of a sheet of the lightweight, tough, shock resistant material Lexan® 9030 FA XR. It is secured to the back of the shield member 1 by means of the same fasteners (not shown) used to secure the handles 3, 4 to the shield member 1. In fact, the reinforcing plate 2 is sandwiched between the shield member 1 and the handles 3, 4. The reinforcing plate 2 gives additional strength and rigidity to the shield member 1 about its centre and reduces torsional twisting of the shield member 1 which tends to make it difficult to hold steady. The width of the reinforcing plate 2 is such that it extends part-way over the top of each channel section 5, 6 on each side of the shield member 1.
The handles 3 and 4 secured to the back of the shield member 1 are spaced apart so that a user can pass his forearm through one and grip the other with his hand. This allows the user to carry the riot shield easily and comfortably, whilst leaving the other arm free.
Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3 there is shown a pair of riot shields 7 and 8 connected together along their adjacent edges. In this respect, the channel section 9 of riot shield 7 is engaged in the channel section 10 of riot shield 8. In this position the leading edge of channel section 9 abuts against the back of the reinforcing plate 11 of riot shield 8. If one or other of the two riot shields 7 and 8 is moved back relative to the other then the channel sections 9 and 10 will disengage from each other and the riot shields 7 and 8 will separate. However, if both riot shields 7 and 8 are moved backwards or forwards together channel section 9 will remain in tight abutment with the back of the reinforcing plate 11, locking the channel section 9 within channel section 10 and preventing the riot shields 7 and 8 from separating except through the use of sheer brute force.
It will be appreciated that by connecting together a plurality of riot shields in the way outlined above a very strong and secure defensive wall can be formed which can in the normal course of things, only be separated by the deliberate action of the users. Rioters or demonstrators pushing against the front of the defensive wall will only serve to increase the strength of the interlock between adjacent riot shields.
In addition to being interlocked side to side the riot shields embodying the present invention can also be interlocked along the top of a defensive wall comprised of riot shields. In this respect, the top edge of a riot shield can be locked between the channel section and the edge of the reinforcing plate of a riot shield positioned above and at right angles to it. This arrangement does not provide as strong an interlock as the interlocking channel sections described hereinabove. However, it does allow the height of the defensive wall to be increased and a roof to be extended back over the officers from the defensive wall.
Referring now to Figs. 4(a) to 4(d) there are shown a number of alternative arrangements for interlocking adjacent riot shields together.
In Fig. 4(a) the single locking means provided by the edge of the reinforcing plate is replaced by two spaced locking means 12, 13. These act in the same way as the edge of the reinforcing plate, but can be provided where a reinforcing plate is not present. It is envisaged that the locking means would be provided by cross members on which the handles are mounted.
In Fig. 4(b) the locking means is formed by moulding the inside edge of the channel section 14 to extend into the channel section itself.
In Fig. 4(c) there is shown a riot shield in which the locking means comprises two clips 15 located within the channel section 16. The clips engage in slots 17 in the channel section of another riot shield to secure the two together. It is possible to vary the number of clips and slots, but generally speaking this arrangement is not preferred because of the expense involved in fixing the clips and forming the slots. Also it is not an especially strong arrangement.
Fig. 4(d) shows a locking mechanism comprising a plate 18 secured adjacent the channel section 19 of the riot shield. The plate 18 may form an extension of the backing plate, if one is provided, but this is not crucial. The free edge of the plate 18 is bent at an angle to the main body of the plate 18 to form a hook which projects into the channel section. When two channel sections are engaged together the leading edge of the inside channel section slips behind the hook which thus prevents it from moving laterally out of the outer channel section.
Whilst interlocking riot shields as disclosed in EP0255761 have been widely and successfully used for many years, surprisingly it has been found that by forming the shield members of a material known in the food packaging industry a riot shield which is lighter in weight, less brittle, less prone to cracking and/or shattering and more resistant to solvents, may be provided, which means that they are easier to use and their service life is increased.

Claims

1. A riot shield comprising a planar shield member (1) and at least one handle (3,4) secured to the back of the shield member (1), wherein the shield member is formed from a plastics material that is capable of deforming plastically upon impact.

2. A riot shield according to Claim 1, wherein the plastics material comprises a mixture of polycarbonate and silicone.

3. A riot shield according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the shield member is formed from Lexan® 9030 FA XR.

4. A riot shield according to any preceding claim, wherein integral linking means (5,6) is provided on each of two opposing sides of the shield member whereby the shield member (1) can be releasably interlinked with the integral linking means of a second riot shield.

5. A riot shield according to claim 4, wherein each integral linking means (5,6) comprises an open channel shaped section (5,6) towards the edge of the shield member (1), which channel shaped section (5,6) is capable in use of receiving therein the channel shaped section of a second riot shield.

6. A riot shield according to claim 5, wherein locking means (12,14,15,18) are associated with each channel shaped section (5,6) to releasably secure the channel shaped section of a second riot shield therein.

7. A riot shield according to claim 6, wherein the locking means (12,14,15,18) comprises an abutment surface which lies in or over the mouth of each channel shaped section (5,6), such that in use the channel shaped section of a second riot shield lies between the facing surfaces of the channel shaped section (5,6) and its associated locking means (12,14,15,18) with the leading edge thereof abutting and braced against the abutment surface.

8. A riot shield according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the locking means (18) comprises a hook shaped portion which engages with the leading edge of the channel shaped section of a second riot shield.

9. A riot shield according to any preceding claim, wherein the shield member (1) is comprised of a polycarbonate sheet and the channel shaped sections (5,6) are pressed into two opposing sides thereof.

10. A riot shield according to any preceding claim, wherein a reinforcing plate (18) is secured to the back of the shield member (1)

11. A riot shield according to claim 10, wherein the reinforcing plate (18) is secured to the shield member (1) by fastening which also serve to secure the said at least one handle (3,4) thereto.

12. A riot shield according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the reinforcing plate (18) extends into or over each open channel shaped section (5,6) and provides a tang against which the leading edge of the channel section of a second riot shield can brace and be locked.

13. A riot shield according to claim 12, wherein the edges of the reinforcing plate (18) extending into or over each open channel shaped section (5,6) are bent over to provide a hook behind and against which the leading edge of the channel section of a second riot shield can be located.

12. A riot shield formed from plastics material, wherein the material has properties substantially as set out in Table 1.

13. A riot shield comprising a planar shield member (1) and at least one handle (3,4) secured to the back of the shield member (1), wherein the shield member is resistant to solvents.

14. A riot shield comprising a planar shield member (1) and at least one handle (3,4) secured to the back of the shield member (1), wherein the shield member is formed from a plastics material which when fractured does not break into shards.

15. A riot shield as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the shield member is less than 3mm thick.

16. A riot shield as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the shield member is between 2 and 3mm thick.

17. A riot shield as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the shield member is 2.5mm thick.

18. A riot shield substantially as shown in and described with reference to the drawings.