EP2064446B1 - Compressor having a piston received on a gas bearing - Google Patents

Compressor having a piston received on a gas bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2064446B1
EP2064446B1 EP20070802522 EP07802522A EP2064446B1 EP 2064446 B1 EP2064446 B1 EP 2064446B1 EP 20070802522 EP20070802522 EP 20070802522 EP 07802522 A EP07802522 A EP 07802522A EP 2064446 B1 EP2064446 B1 EP 2064446B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
piston
working chamber
compressor according
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP20070802522
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2064446A1 (en
Inventor
Marco Giacchi
Jan-Grigor Schubert
Thorsten Kusnik
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP2064446A1 publication Critical patent/EP2064446A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/126—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F04B35/045—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric using solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0284—Constructional details, e.g. reservoirs in the casing
    • F04B39/0292—Lubrication of pistons or cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/16—Filtration; Moisture separation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/794—With means for separating solid material from the fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compressor with gastikgelagertem piston, in particular for use as a refrigerant compressor in a household refrigerator.
  • the publication DE 20 18 940 A1 shows a relaxation machine for gases in Hubkolbenbauart.
  • the publication WO 02/35093 A1 shows a compressor with a piston which is connected by means of a piston rod with a spring.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a compressor with compressed gas storage, which allows to reliably prevent such fretting.
  • a compressor having an inlet connection and an outlet connection for a gas to be compressed and a working chamber in which a piston is movable for compressing the gas, wherein openings communicating with the outlet connection are formed in a wall of the working chamber swept by the piston and characterized by a particulate filter disposed in a flow path of the gas through the compressor between the inlet port and the outlet port.
  • a remedy here is the particle filter according to the invention in that it prevents these foreign impurities from reaching the wall openings.
  • Such a particle filter may be provided at various points in the compressor.
  • the particulate filter is arranged between the inlet port and the working chamber.
  • Such a particle filter has the advantage that foreign contaminants are prevented from the outset to reach the working chamber. This is particularly desirable in the case of coarse foreign contaminants, which can cause damage just by their presence in the working chamber.
  • a disadvantage of such a placement of the particulate filter is that the filtration of the complete gas stream passing through the compressor requires a considerable drive power and consequently adversely affects the efficiency of the compressor.
  • the pressure drop across such a particulate filter can never become greater than the pressure at the inlet port itself, so that a high conductance and accordingly a large cross-section of the filter may be required to achieve sufficient throughput.
  • the particle filter is arranged in a line connecting an output of the working chamber to the outlet port between the outlet and a branch line leading to the openings.
  • This arrangement of the filter does not lead to an undesirable increase in pressure at the inlet port of the compressor.
  • a higher pressure drop can be built up than on the inlet-side filter described above, so that a sufficient throughput can also be achieved on a compact filter, but such a high pressure drop in turn impairs the efficiency of the compressor.
  • a branch line leading to the openings branches off from a pressure line connecting an outlet of the working chamber to the outlet connection, and the particle filter is arranged in the branch line. Since such a particulate filter acts only on that fraction of the gas flow needed to produce the gas cushion, the driving power that must be expended for filtering is small, even if the pressure drop across the particulate filter is the same as that of the second one design.
  • the arranged in the branch filter does not prevent from the outset that foreign contaminants pass through the compressor, but it still catches all in the course of the operation of the compressor as soon as they fall into the branch line.
  • the branch line comprises a distribution chamber and a bore connecting the distribution chamber to the pressure line, the wall swept by the piston forming a partition wall between the working chamber and the distribution chamber.
  • the particulate filter can be arranged small and compact in the bore, or it can be arranged overlapping the partition in the distribution chamber.
  • the distribution chamber is preferably a hollow cylinder extending around the cylindrical working chamber.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic section through a compressor according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the compressor is part of a refrigerator of a household refrigerator, which, since its other components are known, is not shown.
  • a piston 2 by a not shown, also known per se drive unit is movable back and forth.
  • the drive unit may, for example, a linear motor such as in DE 10 2004 010 849 A1 in general, however, any drive assembly capable of producing a driving force whose transverse components are small enough is contemplated.
  • a frictional contact between the walls of the working chamber 1 and the piston 2 can be safely avoided.
  • a suction valve 3 and a pressure valve 4 which connect the working chamber 1 with a suction line 5 and a pressure line 6 and via this with an inlet port 12 and an outlet port 13.
  • a particle filter 7 is attached in the suction line 5.
  • a bore 8 leads to a distribution chamber 9 of hollow cylindrical shape, which surrounds the working chamber 1, so that the swept by the piston 2 in its movement wall 10 of the working chamber 1 is a partition wall between the working chamber 1 and the distribution chamber 9. In this wall 10 a plurality of narrow openings 11 is distributed.
  • the piston 2 sucks in refrigerant from the inlet port 12 via the suction line 5, the particle filter 7 and the suction valve 3 in the working chamber 1 to the right.
  • the content of the working chamber 1 is first compressed to the pressure prevailing in the pressure line 6 before the pressure valve 4 opens and the compressed gas flows into the pressure line 6.
  • a small part of the gas flowing in the pressure line 6 passes through the bore 8 in the distribution chamber 9 and from there via the openings 11 of the wall 10 back into the working chamber 1, where it forms a gas cushion between the piston 2 and the wall 10.
  • Fig. 2 The embodiment shown differs from that of Fig. 1 in that the particle filter 7 is not arranged in the suction line 5, but in the pressure line 6 between the pressure valve 4 and the bore 8. As in the case of the embodiment of Fig. 1 the entire refrigerant passing through the compressor passes through the particulate filter 7. Due to the arrangement of the particulate filter 7 in the pressure line 6, a higher pressure drop can be built on the particulate filter 7 as in the embodiment of Fig. 1 , so that even with a compact filter sufficient throughput can be achieved.
  • the design of the Fig. 3 differs from the two explained above by the placement of the particulate filter 7 in the distribution chamber 9. It rests there on the wall 10, so that it is pressed by the pressure difference between its outer and inner side against the wall 10. Since only a fraction of the refrigerant flow rate of the compressor passes through the filter and the drive power consumed during filtering corresponds to the product of filter throughput and pressure drop, the power requirement due to the filtering in this embodiment is only a fraction of the additional demand of the first two embodiments.
  • the attachment of the particulate filter 7 in the distribution chamber 9 has the advantage that the particle filter 7 can be traversed by the refrigerant on a very large cross-sectional area, so that even when using a very narrow-pored filter sufficient to maintain the gas cushion throughput can be achieved.
  • the particulate filter 7 here preferably has a layer structure with a fine-pored outer layer 7a and a coarse-pored, well-permeable inner layer whose function is essentially a distance between the fine-pored layer 7a and the wall 10 to maintain, in which the gas can be evenly distributed to the openings 11.
  • Fig. 4 The presently preferred embodiment of the invention is in Fig. 4 shown.
  • This embodiment differs from the previously described in that the bore 8, which connects the distribution chamber 9 with the pressure line 6, is long and wide enough to receive the particulate filter 7 in the form of a filter cartridge 14.
  • the filter cartridge is inserted into the bore 8 of the pressure line 6 facing the end.
  • a pressure-side flange 15 of the filter cartridge rests against a shoulder 16 formed at the entrance of the bore 8, so that the filter cartridge 14 is pressed against the shoulder 16 by the pressure drop which it generates on the refrigerant flowing through it.
  • the suction-side particle filter 7 of the embodiment of Fig. 1 also with the arranged on the way of the refrigerant from the pressure line 6 to the openings 11 particulate filter according to 3 or 4 be combined.
  • the suction-side particulate filter may be a coarse-pored filter having a small flow resistance, which serves only to keep coarse contaminants from the working chamber 1, while finer impurities are intercepted by the pressure-side particulate filter.

Abstract

A compressor has an inlet connection (12) and an outlet connection (13) for gas to be compressed and a working chamber (1) in which a piston (2) for compressing the gas can be displaced, openings (11) communicating with the outlet connection (13) being configured in the wall (10) of the working chamber (1) covered by the piston (2). A particle filter (7) is arranged in a flow path of the gas between the inlet opening (12) and the outlet opening (13).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Verdichter mit gasdruckgelagertem Kolben, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Kältemittelverdichter in einem Haushaltskältegerät.The present invention relates to a compressor with gasdruckgelagertem piston, in particular for use as a refrigerant compressor in a household refrigerator.

In Haushaltsgeräten werden herkömmlicherweise Verdichte mit rotatorisch angetriebenem Hubkolben und Ölschmierung eingesetzt. Aufgrund des rotatorischen Antriebs ist der Kolben eines solchen Verdichters im Laufe seiner Hubbewegung in einer Arbeitskammer auch Kräften quer zur Hubrichtung ausgesetzt, die den Kolben gegen die Wand der Arbeitskammer drücken. Um den Verdichter vor Reibverschleiß zu schützen, muss zwischen Kolben und Kammerwand ein kontinuierlicher Ölfilm vorhanden sein. Die Zähigkeit des Öls muss groß genug sein, um auszuschließen, dass unter der Wirkung einer Querkraft das Öl zwischen Wand und Kolben verdrängt wird. Je größer die Querkräfte sind, um so dickflüssiger muss das Öl sein, und um so stärker sind Reibungsverluste aufgrund der Viskosität des Öls.Domestic appliances conventionally use compressors with rotationally driven reciprocating piston and oil lubrication. Due to the rotary drive of the piston of such a compressor is also exposed in the course of its stroke movement in a working chamber forces transverse to the stroke direction, which press the piston against the wall of the working chamber. To protect the compressor from fretting, a continuous oil film must be present between the piston and chamber wall. The toughness of the oil must be high enough to prevent the oil from being displaced between the wall and the piston under the effect of a lateral force. The greater the lateral forces, the thicker the oil must be, and the greater are the friction losses due to the viscosity of the oil.

Um den Wirkungsgrad der Verdichter zu verbessern, sind in letzter Zeit verstärkt Bemühungen unternommen worden, Verdichter mit Linearmotorantrieb zu entwickeln. Ein solcher Linearmotor übt geringere Querkräfte auf den Kolben aus, so dass dünnflüssigere Schmierstoffe verwendet werden können, bis hin zu einer Lagerung des Kolbens durch das zu verdichtende Gas selbst. Bei einem solchen Verdichter mit Gasdrucklagerung sind in einer von dem Kolben überstrichenen Wand der Arbeitskammer Öffnungen gebildet, die mit einem Auslassanschluss des Verdichters kommunizieren, so dass ein kleiner Anteil des verdichteten Mediums vom Auslassanschluss über die Öffnungen zurück in die Arbeitskammer strömen kann und dabei ein Gaskissen zwischen Kolben und Wand erzeugt, welches im Idealfall eine Bewegung des Kolbens völlig ohne Kontakt mit der Wand und somit auch ohne jeglichen Reibverschleiß ermöglicht.In order to improve the efficiency of the compressors, efforts have recently been made to develop compressors with linear motor drive. Such a linear motor exerts lower lateral forces on the piston, so that less viscous lubricants can be used, up to a storage of the piston by the gas to be compressed itself. In such a compressor with gas pressure bearing are in a swept by the piston wall wall of the working chamber openings formed communicating with an outlet port of the compressor, so that a small portion of the compressed medium from the outlet port through the openings can flow back into the working chamber and thereby creates a gas cushion between the piston and wall, which is ideally a movement of the piston without contact with the wall and thus also without any Reibverschleiß allows.

Diese Idealbedingungen erweisen sich jedoch als schwierig zu realisieren. In der Praxis wurde häufig nach relativ kurzer Betriebsdauer ein Ausfall des Linearverdichters aufgrund von Reibverschleiß zwischen Kolben und Kammerwand festgestellt.These ideal conditions, however, prove to be difficult to realize. In practice, a failure of the linear compressor due to frictional wear between the piston and chamber wall was often found after a relatively short period of operation.

Die Offenlegungsschrift WO 2004/106737 A1 (nächster Stand der Technik) zeigt einen Verdichter mit einem Gasfilter, welcher einem Auslassanschluss nachgeordnet ist.The publication WO 2004/106737 A1 (closest prior art) shows a compressor with a gas filter downstream of an outlet port.

Die Offenlegungsschrift DE 20 18 940 A1 zeigt eine Entspannungsmaschine für Gase in Hubkolbenbauart.The publication DE 20 18 940 A1 shows a relaxation machine for gases in Hubkolbenbauart.

Die Offenlegungsschrift WO 02/35093 A1 zeigt einen Verdichter mit einem Kolben, welcher mittels einer Kolbenstange mit einer Feder verbunden ist.The publication WO 02/35093 A1 shows a compressor with a piston which is connected by means of a piston rod with a spring.

Die Offenlegungsschrift WO 2007/016943 A1 zeigt eine Fluidmaschine.The publication WO 2007/016943 A1 shows a fluid machine.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist daher, einen Verdichter mit Druckgaslagerung zu schaffen, der es erlaubt, solchen Reibverschleiß zuverlässig zu verhindern.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a compressor with compressed gas storage, which allows to reliably prevent such fretting.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Verdichter mit einem Einlassanschluss und einem Auslassanschluss für ein zu verdichtendes Gas und einer Arbeitskammer, in der ein Kolben zum Verdichten des Gases bewegbar ist, wobei in einer von dem Kolben überstrichenen Wand der Arbeitskammer mit dem Auslassanschluss kommunizierende Öffnungen gebildet sind, und der gekennzeichnet ist durch ein Partikelfilter, das in einem Strömungsweg des Gases durch den Verdichter zwischen dem Einlassanschluss und dem Auslassanschluss angeordnet ist.The object is achieved by a compressor having an inlet connection and an outlet connection for a gas to be compressed and a working chamber in which a piston is movable for compressing the gas, wherein openings communicating with the outlet connection are formed in a wall of the working chamber swept by the piston and characterized by a particulate filter disposed in a flow path of the gas through the compressor between the inlet port and the outlet port.

Bei genaueren Untersuchungen der ausgefallenen Verdichter wurde nämlich festgestellt, dass darin gefundene Verunreinigungen nicht allein auf Abrieb des Kolbens und der Kammerwand zurückgingen, sondern teilweise auch aus anderen Bereichen des Kältemittelkreislaufs eingetragen waren, und es wird angenommen, dass diese verdichterfremden Verunreinigungen, auch wenn ihre Menge und Partikelgröße an sich nicht ausreicht, um die Beweglichkeit des Kolbens im Verdichter zu beeinträchtigen, wenn sie mit dem Kältemittelstrom zirkulieren, zunächst einzelne der Wandöffnungen verstopfen, wodurch das den Kolben schützende Gaskissen lückenhaft wird. Im Bereich dieser Lücken kann ein Kontakt zwischen Kolben und Wand nicht mehr zuverlässig verhindert werden, so dass der bei Kontakten entstehende Abrieb den Verdichter schnell zerstört.In fact, closer inspection of the failed compressors found that impurities found therein were not solely attributable to abrasion of the piston and the chamber wall, but were also partially introduced from other areas of the refrigerant circuit, and it is assumed that these impurities non-compressor, even if their amount and particle size is not sufficient per se to affect the mobility of the piston in the compressor when they circulate with the flow of refrigerant, first clog individual of the wall openings, whereby the gas cushion protecting the piston is incomplete. In the area of these gaps, contact between the piston and the wall can no longer be reliably prevented, so that the abrasion generated in contacts quickly destroys the compressor.

Abhilfe schafft hier das erfindungsgemäße Partikelfilter, indem es diese Fremdverunreinigungen daran hindert, die Wandöffnungen zu erreichen.A remedy here is the particle filter according to the invention in that it prevents these foreign impurities from reaching the wall openings.

Ein solches Partikelfilter kann an diversen Stellen im Verdichter vorgesehen sein. Einer ersten Ausgestaltung zufolge ist das Partikelfilter zwischen dem Einlassanschluss und der Arbeitskammer angeordnet. Ein solches Partikelfilter hat den Vorteil, dass Fremdverunreinigungen von vorneherein daran gehindert werden, die Arbeitskammer zu erreichen. Dies ist insbesondere im Fall grobkörniger Fremdverunreinigungen wünschenswert, die bereits allein durch ihre Anwesenheit in der Arbeitskammer Schäden verursachen können.Such a particle filter may be provided at various points in the compressor. According to a first embodiment, the particulate filter is arranged between the inlet port and the working chamber. Such a particle filter has the advantage that foreign contaminants are prevented from the outset to reach the working chamber. This is particularly desirable in the case of coarse foreign contaminants, which can cause damage just by their presence in the working chamber.

Nachteilig an einer solchen Platzierung des Partikelfilters ist jedoch, dass die damit bewirkte Filterung des vollständigen den Verdichter durchlaufenden Gasstromes eine erhebliche Antriebsleistung erfordert und folglich den Wirkungsgrad des Verdichters beeinträchtigt. Außerdem kann der Druckabfall an einem solchen Partikelfilter niemals größer werden als der Druck am Einlassanschluss selbst, so dass zum Erreichen eines ausreichenden Durchsatzes ein hoher Leitwert und dementsprechend ein großer Querschnitt des Filters erforderlich werden kann. Insbesondere bei Anwendung des Verdichters in einer Kältemaschine ist es wichtig, dass der Partikelfilter keinen zu hohen Staudruck aufbaut, da dieser die Verdunstung des Kältemittels im dem Filter vorgelagerten Verdampfer beeinträchtigen würde.However, a disadvantage of such a placement of the particulate filter is that the filtration of the complete gas stream passing through the compressor requires a considerable drive power and consequently adversely affects the efficiency of the compressor. In addition, the pressure drop across such a particulate filter can never become greater than the pressure at the inlet port itself, so that a high conductance and accordingly a large cross-section of the filter may be required to achieve sufficient throughput. In particular, when using the compressor in a chiller, it is important that the particulate filter does not build up too high back pressure, as this would affect the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator upstream of the filter.

Einer zweiten Ausgestaltung zufolge ist das Partikelfilter in einer einen Ausgang der Arbeitskammer mit dem Ausgangsanschluss verbindenden Leitung zwischen dem Ausgang und einer zu den Öffnungen führenden Zweigleitung angeordnet. Diese Anordnung des Filters führt nicht zu einer unerwünschten Drucksteigerung am Einlassanschluss des Verdichters. Außerdem kann an einem solchen auf der Druckseite des Verdichters angeordneten Filter ein höherer Druckabfall aufgebaut werden als an dem zuvor beschriebenen einlassseitigen Filter, so dass ein ausreichender Durchsatz auch an einem kompakten Filter erreichbar ist, doch beeinträchtigt ein solcher hoher Druckabfall wiederum den Wirkungsgrad des Verdichters.According to a second embodiment, the particle filter is arranged in a line connecting an output of the working chamber to the outlet port between the outlet and a branch line leading to the openings. This arrangement of the filter does not lead to an undesirable increase in pressure at the inlet port of the compressor. In addition, at such a filter arranged on the pressure side of the compressor, a higher pressure drop can be built up than on the inlet-side filter described above, so that a sufficient throughput can also be achieved on a compact filter, but such a high pressure drop in turn impairs the efficiency of the compressor.

Einer dritten, besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung zufolge zweigt von einer einen Ausgang der Arbeitskammer mit dem Auslassanschluss verbindenden Druckleitung eine zu den Öffnungen führende Zweigleitung ab, und das Partikelfilter ist in der Zweigleitung angeordnet. Da ein solches Partikelfilter nur auf denjenigen Bruchteil des Gasdurchsatzes wirkt, der zur Erzeugung des Gaskissens benötigt wird, ist die Antriebsleistung, die für die Filterung aufgewandt werden muss, gering, selbst wenn der Druckabfall an dem Partikelfilter der gleiche ist wie an demjenigen gemäß der zweiten Ausgestaltung.According to a third, particularly preferred embodiment, a branch line leading to the openings branches off from a pressure line connecting an outlet of the working chamber to the outlet connection, and the particle filter is arranged in the branch line. Since such a particulate filter acts only on that fraction of the gas flow needed to produce the gas cushion, the driving power that must be expended for filtering is small, even if the pressure drop across the particulate filter is the same as that of the second one design.

Das in der Zweigleitung angeordnete Filter verhindert zwar nicht von vorneherein, dass Fremdverunreinigungen den Verdichter durchlaufen, fängt sie aber dennoch im Laufe des Betriebs des Verdichters alle ab, sobald sie in die Zweigleitung geraten.Although the arranged in the branch filter does not prevent from the outset that foreign contaminants pass through the compressor, but it still catches all in the course of the operation of the compressor as soon as they fall into the branch line.

Einer bevorzugten Weiterentwicklung zufolge umfasst die Zweigleitung eine Verteilerkammer und eine die Verteilerkammer mit der Druckleitung verbindende Bohrung, wobei die von dem Kolben überstrichene Wand eine Trennwand zwischen der Arbeitskammer und der Verteilerkammer bildet. Bei einer solchen Zweigleitung kann das Partikelfilter klein und kompakt in der Bohrung angeordnet sein, oder es kann in der Verteilerkammer die Trennwand überdeckend angeordnet sein.According to a preferred further development, the branch line comprises a distribution chamber and a bore connecting the distribution chamber to the pressure line, the wall swept by the piston forming a partition wall between the working chamber and the distribution chamber. In such a branch line, the particulate filter can be arranged small and compact in the bore, or it can be arranged overlapping the partition in the distribution chamber.

Bei einer Arbeitskammer mit Hubkolben ist die Verteilerkammer vorzugsweise ein sich rings um die zylindrische Arbeitskammer erstreckender Hohlzylinder.In a working chamber with a reciprocating piston, the distribution chamber is preferably a hollow cylinder extending around the cylindrical working chamber.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitte durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Verdichter mit saugseitigem Partikelfilter;
Fig. 2
einen zu Fig. 1 analogen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Verdichter mit druckseitigem Partikelfilter;
Fig. 3
einen zu Fig. 1 analogen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Verdichter mit in einer Zweigleitung angeordnetem Partikelfilter; und
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch eine Abwandlung des Verdichters mit in einer Zweigleitung angeordnetem Partikelfilter.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic sections through a compressor according to the invention with suction-side particulate filter;
Fig. 2
one too Fig. 1 analog section through a compressor according to the invention with pressure-side particle filter;
Fig. 3
one too Fig. 1 analogous section through a compressor according to the invention with arranged in a branch line particulate filter; and
Fig. 4
a section through a modification of the compressor with arranged in a branch line particulate filter.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen schematischen Schnitt durch einen Verdichter gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung. Der Verdichter ist Teil einer Kältemaschine eines Haushaltskältegeräts, die, da ihre übrigen Komponenten bekannt sind, nicht dargestellt ist. In einer zylindrischen Arbeitskammer 1 des Verdichters ist ein Kolben 2 durch ein nicht dargestelltes, ebenfalls an sich bekanntes Antriebsaggregat hin und her bewegbar. Das Antriebsaggregat kann zum Beispiel ein Linearmotor wie etwa in DE 10 2004 010 849 A1 beschrieben sein, generell kommt aber jedes beliebige Antriebsaggregat in Betracht, das in der Lage ist, eine Antriebskraft zu erzeugen, deren Querkomponenten klein genug sind, damit ein Reibkontakt zwischen den Wänden der Arbeitskammer 1 und dem Kolben 2 sicher vermieden werden kann. Fig. 1 shows a schematic section through a compressor according to a first embodiment of the invention. The compressor is part of a refrigerator of a household refrigerator, which, since its other components are known, is not shown. In a cylindrical working chamber 1 of the compressor, a piston 2 by a not shown, also known per se drive unit is movable back and forth. The drive unit may, for example, a linear motor such as in DE 10 2004 010 849 A1 in general, however, any drive assembly capable of producing a driving force whose transverse components are small enough is contemplated. Thus, a frictional contact between the walls of the working chamber 1 and the piston 2 can be safely avoided.

An einer Stirnseite der Arbeitskammer befinden sich ein Saugventil 3 und ein Druckventil 4, die die Arbeitskammer 1 mit einer Saugleitung 5 bzw. einer Druckleitung 6 und über diese mit einem Einlassanschluss 12 bzw. einem Auslassanschluss 13 verbinden. In der Saugleitung 5 ist ein Partikelfilter 7 angebracht. Von der Druckleitung 6 führt eine Bohrung 8 zu einer Verteilerkammer 9 von hohlzylindrischer Form, die die Arbeitskammer 1 umgibt, so dass die von dem Kolben 2 bei seiner Bewegung überstrichene Wand 10 der Arbeitskammer 1 eine Trennwand zwischen der Arbeitskammer 1 und der Verteilerkammer 9 ist. In dieser Wand 10 ist eine Vielzahl von engen Öffnungen 11 verteilt.On a front side of the working chamber are a suction valve 3 and a pressure valve 4, which connect the working chamber 1 with a suction line 5 and a pressure line 6 and via this with an inlet port 12 and an outlet port 13. In the suction line 5, a particle filter 7 is attached. From the pressure line 6, a bore 8 leads to a distribution chamber 9 of hollow cylindrical shape, which surrounds the working chamber 1, so that the swept by the piston 2 in its movement wall 10 of the working chamber 1 is a partition wall between the working chamber 1 and the distribution chamber 9. In this wall 10 a plurality of narrow openings 11 is distributed.

Im Betrieb saugt der Kolben 2 bei einer Bewegung nach rechts Kältemittel von dem Einlassanschluss 12 über die Saugleitung 5, das Partikelfilter 7 und das Saugventil 3 in die Arbeitskammer 1 ein. Bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens 2 nach links wird der Inhalt der Arbeitskammer 1 zunächst auf den in der Druckleitung 6 herrschenden Druck verdichtet, bevor das Druckventil 4 öffnet und das verdichtete Gas in die Druckleitung 6 abfließt. Ein kleiner Teil des in der Druckleitung 6 fließenden Gases gelangt durch die Bohrung 8 in die Verteilerkammer 9 und von dort über die Öffnungen 11 der Wand 10 zurück in die Arbeitskammer 1, wo er ein Gaskissen zwischen dem Kolben 2 und der Wand 10 bildet.During operation, the piston 2 sucks in refrigerant from the inlet port 12 via the suction line 5, the particle filter 7 and the suction valve 3 in the working chamber 1 to the right. Upon movement of the piston 2 to the left, the content of the working chamber 1 is first compressed to the pressure prevailing in the pressure line 6 before the pressure valve 4 opens and the compressed gas flows into the pressure line 6. A small part of the gas flowing in the pressure line 6 passes through the bore 8 in the distribution chamber 9 and from there via the openings 11 of the wall 10 back into the working chamber 1, where it forms a gas cushion between the piston 2 and the wall 10.

Fremdpartikel, die in den diversen anderen Komponenten der Kältemaschine bereits vor deren Zusammenbau vorhanden waren oder durch den Zusammenbau entstanden sind, werden von dem Partikelfilter 7 abgefangen, bevor sie mit dem Kältemittelstrom in die Arbeitskammer 1 gelangen können. So sind die Öffnungen 11 vor Verstopfung durch die Fremdpartikel geschützt. Da das Gaskissen zwischen Kolben 2 und Wand 10 somit lückenlos ist, entsteht kein Abrieb zwischen Kolben und Wand, der seinerseits über die Bohrung 8 und die Verteilerkammer 9 zu den Öffnungen 11 gelangen und diese verstopfen könnte.Foreign particles that were present in the various other components of the refrigerator before their assembly or have been created by the assembly are intercepted by the particulate filter 7 before they can get into the working chamber 1 with the refrigerant flow. Thus, the openings 11 are protected from clogging by the foreign particles. Since the gas cushion between the piston 2 and wall 10 is thus gapless, there is no abrasion between the piston and wall, which in turn could pass through the bore 8 and the distribution chamber 9 to the openings 11 and could clog them.

Die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Ausgestaltung unterscheidet sich von derjenigen der Fig. 1 dadurch, dass das Partikelfilter 7 nicht in der Saugleitung 5, sondern in der Druckleitung 6 zwischen dem Druckventil 4 und der Bohrung 8 angeordnet ist. Wie im Falle der Ausgestaltung der Fig. 1 durchläuft das gesamte den Verdichter durchlaufende Kältemittel das Partikelfilter 7. Infolge der Anordnung des Partikelfilters 7 in der Druckleitung 6 kann an dem Partikelfilter 7 ein höherer Druckabfall aufgebaut werden als bei der Ausgestaltung der Fig. 1, so dass auch mit einem kompakten Filter ein ausreichender Durchsatz zu erzielen ist.In the Fig. 2 The embodiment shown differs from that of Fig. 1 in that the particle filter 7 is not arranged in the suction line 5, but in the pressure line 6 between the pressure valve 4 and the bore 8. As in the case of the embodiment of Fig. 1 the entire refrigerant passing through the compressor passes through the particulate filter 7. Due to the arrangement of the particulate filter 7 in the pressure line 6, a higher pressure drop can be built on the particulate filter 7 as in the embodiment of Fig. 1 , so that even with a compact filter sufficient throughput can be achieved.

Die Ausgestaltung der Fig. 3 unterscheidet sich von den beiden oben erläuterten durch die Platzierung des Partikelfilters 7 in der Verteilerkammer 9. Es liegt dort an der Wand 10 an, so dass es durch die Druckdifferenz zwischen seiner Außen- und Innenseite gegen die Wand 10 gedrückt ist. Da nur ein Bruchteil des Kältemitteldurchsatzes des Verdichters das Filter durchläuft und die beim Filtern verbrauchte Antriebsleistung dem Produkt von Filterdurchsatz und -Druckabfall entspricht, ist der Leistungsmehrbedarf aufgrund der Filterung bei dieser Ausgestaltung nur ein Bruchteil des Mehrbedarfs der ersten beiden Ausgestaltungen.The design of the Fig. 3 differs from the two explained above by the placement of the particulate filter 7 in the distribution chamber 9. It rests there on the wall 10, so that it is pressed by the pressure difference between its outer and inner side against the wall 10. Since only a fraction of the refrigerant flow rate of the compressor passes through the filter and the drive power consumed during filtering corresponds to the product of filter throughput and pressure drop, the power requirement due to the filtering in this embodiment is only a fraction of the additional demand of the first two embodiments.

Die Anbringung des Partikelfilters 7 in der Verteilerkammer 9 hat den Vorteil, dass das Partikelfilter 7 auf einer sehr großen Querschnittsfläche vom Kältemittel durchströmt werden kann, so dass auch bei Verwendung eines sehr engporigen Filters ein zum Aufrechterhalten des Gaskissens ausreichender Durchsatz erzielt werden kann.The attachment of the particulate filter 7 in the distribution chamber 9 has the advantage that the particle filter 7 can be traversed by the refrigerant on a very large cross-sectional area, so that even when using a very narrow-pored filter sufficient to maintain the gas cushion throughput can be achieved.

Um eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Gases auf die Öffnungen 11 zu gewährleisten, hat das Partikelfilter 7 hier vorzugsweise eine Schichtstruktur mit einer feinporigen äußeren Schicht 7a und einer grobporigen, gut durchlässigen inneren Schicht, deren Funktion im Wesentlichen ist, einen Abstand zwischen der feinporigen Schicht 7a und der Wand 10 aufrecht zu erhalten, in dem sich das Gas gleichmäßig auf die Öffnungen 11 verteilen kann.In order to ensure a uniform distribution of the gas to the openings 11, the particulate filter 7 here preferably has a layer structure with a fine-pored outer layer 7a and a coarse-pored, well-permeable inner layer whose function is essentially a distance between the fine-pored layer 7a and the wall 10 to maintain, in which the gas can be evenly distributed to the openings 11.

Die derzeit bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in Fig. 4 gezeigt. Diese Ausgestaltung unterscheidet sich von den zuvor beschriebenen dadurch, dass die Bohrung 8, die die Verteilerkammer 9 mit der Druckleitung 6 verbindet, lang und breit genug ist, um das Partikelfilter 7 in Form einer Filterkartusche 14 aufzunehmen. Die Filterkartusche ist in die Bohrung 8 von deren der Druckleitung 6 zugewandten Ende her eingeführt. Ein druckseitiger Flansch 15 der Filterkartusche liegt an einer am Eingang der Bohrung 8 gebildeten Schulter 16 auf, so dass die Filterkartusche 14 durch den Druckabfall, den sie am hindurchströmenden Kältemittel erzeugt, an die Schulter 16 angepresst wird.The presently preferred embodiment of the invention is in Fig. 4 shown. This embodiment differs from the previously described in that the bore 8, which connects the distribution chamber 9 with the pressure line 6, is long and wide enough to receive the particulate filter 7 in the form of a filter cartridge 14. The filter cartridge is inserted into the bore 8 of the pressure line 6 facing the end. A pressure-side flange 15 of the filter cartridge rests against a shoulder 16 formed at the entrance of the bore 8, so that the filter cartridge 14 is pressed against the shoulder 16 by the pressure drop which it generates on the refrigerant flowing through it.

Einer nicht in einer Figur dargestellten Weiterbildung zufolge kann das saugseitige Partikelfilter 7 der Ausgestaltung von Fig. 1 auch mit dem auf dem Weg des Kältemittels von der Druckleitung 6 zu den Öffnungen 11 angeordneten Partikelfilter gemäß Fig. 3 oder 4 kombiniert werden. In diesem Fall kann das saugseitige Partikelfilter ein grobporiges Filter mit geringem Strömungswiderstand sein, das lediglich dazu dient, grobe Verunreinigungen von der Arbeitskammer 1 fernzuhalten, während feinere Verunreinigungen von dem druckseitigen Partikelfilter abgefangen werden.According to a development not shown in a figure, the suction-side particle filter 7 of the embodiment of Fig. 1 also with the arranged on the way of the refrigerant from the pressure line 6 to the openings 11 particulate filter according to 3 or 4 be combined. In this case, the suction-side particulate filter may be a coarse-pored filter having a small flow resistance, which serves only to keep coarse contaminants from the working chamber 1, while finer impurities are intercepted by the pressure-side particulate filter.

Claims (10)

  1. Compressor with an inlet connection (2) and an outlet connection (13) for a gas to be compressed and a working chamber (1), in which a piston (2) for compressing the gas is movable, wherein openings (11) communicating with the outlet connection (13) are formed in a wall (10), which is swept by the piston (2), of the working chamber (1), characterised by a particle filter (7) which is arranged in a flow path of the gas between the inlet connection (12) and the outlet connection (13).
  2. Compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that the particle filter (7) is arranged between the inlet connection (12) and the working chamber (1).
  3. Compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that the particle filter (7) is arranged in a line (6), which connects an outlet (4) of the working chamber (1) with the outlet connection (13), between the outlet (4) and a branch line (8, 9) leading to the openings (11).
  4. Compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that a branch line (8, 9) leading to the openings (11) branches off a pressure line (6) connecting an outlet (4) of the working chamber (1) with the outlet connection (13) and that the particle filter (7) is arranged in the branch line (8, 9).
  5. Compressor according to claim 4, characterised in that the branch line (8, 9) comprises a distributor chamber (9) and a bore (8) connecting the distributor chamber (9) with the pressure line (6), wherein the wall (10), which is swept by the piston (2), forms a partition wall between the working chamber (1) and the distributor chamber (9).
  6. Compressor according to claim 5, characterised in that the particle filter (7) is arranged in the bore (8).
  7. Compressor according to claim 5, characterised in that the particle filter (7) is arranged in the distributor chamber (9) to cover the partition wall (10).
  8. Compressor according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the distributor chamber (9) is a hollow cylinder extending annularly around the cylindrical working chamber (1).
  9. Compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the piston (2) is driven by a linear motor.
  10. Refrigerating appliance, characterised in that it comprises a compressor according to any one of the preceding claims as refrigerant compressor.
EP20070802522 2006-09-07 2007-08-07 Compressor having a piston received on a gas bearing Not-in-force EP2064446B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610042021 DE102006042021A1 (en) 2006-09-07 2006-09-07 Compressor with gas-bearing piston
PCT/EP2007/058185 WO2008028737A1 (en) 2006-09-07 2007-08-07 Compressor having a piston received on a gas bearing

Publications (2)

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EP2064446A1 EP2064446A1 (en) 2009-06-03
EP2064446B1 true EP2064446B1 (en) 2012-06-27

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EP20070802522 Not-in-force EP2064446B1 (en) 2006-09-07 2007-08-07 Compressor having a piston received on a gas bearing

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US (1) US20090238701A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2064446B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101512154A (en)
DE (1) DE102006042021A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2451210C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2008028737A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101512154A (en) 2009-08-19
WO2008028737A1 (en) 2008-03-13
RU2009110165A (en) 2010-10-20
EP2064446A1 (en) 2009-06-03
DE102006042021A1 (en) 2008-03-27
US20090238701A1 (en) 2009-09-24
RU2451210C2 (en) 2012-05-20

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