EP2710252B1 - High-pressure pump arrangement for pumping combustible fuel from a tank into a high-pressure container - Google Patents

High-pressure pump arrangement for pumping combustible fuel from a tank into a high-pressure container Download PDF

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EP2710252B1
EP2710252B1 EP12721698.4A EP12721698A EP2710252B1 EP 2710252 B1 EP2710252 B1 EP 2710252B1 EP 12721698 A EP12721698 A EP 12721698A EP 2710252 B1 EP2710252 B1 EP 2710252B1
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Prior art keywords
pump
pressure
fuel
line
flushing
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EP12721698.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2710252A1 (en
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Günther PRUMMER
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/205—Quantity of fuel admitted to pumping elements being metered by an auxiliary metering device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/0265—Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/027—More than one high pressure pump feeding a single common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/0275—Arrangement of common rails
    • F02M63/028—Returnless common rail system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure pump arrangement for pumping fuel from a tank into a high-pressure vessel, wherein at least one of pump cylinder and pump piston existing pump element is provided, the pump chamber via a suction valve with a fed from a fuel pump suction and a pressure valve with the high pressure vessel in combination wherein the pump element has a leakage line for returning leakage fuel flowing between the pump piston and the pump cylinder into the pump suction space, and wherein the fuel supply comprises a metering unit and at least one purge line having a throttle for discharging a purge amount from the metering unit from the fuel supply downstream of the metering unit leads away a low pressure area.
  • Such high-pressure pump arrangements are used, for example, in so-called “common-rail systems" in which the high-pressure pump serves to pump fuel from a fuel tank into a high-pressure vessel, the so-called rail, the fuel in the high-pressure vessel being kept under sufficient pressure. to allow injection of the fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the high pressure pump provides the high pressure fuel stored in the rail for all operating conditions of the engine. In some dynamic operating points, the flow rate of the high pressure pump must be above the full load required by the engine stationary. On the other hand, however, only a small flow rate of the high pressure pump is required at part load or idling of the engine.
  • the regulation of the flow rate of the high-pressure pump in the rail takes place via an electronically controlled metering unit which determines the inflow quantity to the high-pressure pump as a function of the fuel pressure in the rail.
  • a heating of the fuel is on the one hand in principle desirable when using fuel with high viscosity and high proportion of abrasive solids, so-called heavy oil, since the promotion and injection of heavy oil heating up to 150 ° is required to achieve the necessary injection viscosity ,
  • heating of the pump elements can be observed to an extent which, especially at low flow rates, can lead to undesirably high temperatures.
  • a significant heating of the pump units designed as piston pumps occurs.
  • the pump elements of a high pressure pump are usually arranged in series, with 2 to 6 cylinders side by side usual. A V or W arrangement in several rows is possible.
  • the pump elements further away from the metering unit receive a low-pressure fuel, which has already flushed through one or more suction chambers of pump elements and was warmed up accordingly.
  • the fuel pumping down between the pump piston and the pump cylinder from the pump chamber for example, collected in an annular groove and returned through a leakage oil hole in the suction chamber, as in Fig.2 is shown.
  • the pump elements positioned furthest from the fuel supply line are thereby heated the most. This reduces the delivery rate of these elements and also adversely affects their service life.
  • High-pressure pump arrangements known from the prior art have a flushing line with a throttle arranged in the flushing line between the metering unit and the pump elements.
  • This line is also referred to as a zero feed line, and the corresponding throttle as a zero feed throttle.
  • This flushing line or zero delivery line comes into play when fuel is not to be delivered by the high-pressure pump arrangement, the metering unit is closed accordingly and systematically even with closed metering unit still fuel exiting from the outlet. So that this does not enter the working space of the high-pressure fuel pump, the purge line branches off from the fluid connection present between the metering unit and the suction valve, which leads to a low-pressure area.
  • the minimum required opening pressure of the suction valve is determined by the pressure level in the low pressure area plus the required pressure difference across the zero feed throttle, which is required to discharge the leaking from the metering leakage fuel, minus the minimum pressure in the working space of the high pressure fuel pump during the intake.
  • the document US 2009/159053 discloses a high-pressure pump arrangement, wherein the fuel supply comprises a metering unit and leads away from the fuel supply downstream of the metering unit, a purge line for discharging a coming from the metering unit flushing amount in a low-pressure region.
  • a high pressure pump assembly of the type mentioned is inventively developed such that the at least one purge line is in communication with the pump suction, so that the pump suction is traversed by the flushing.
  • the invention thus consists essentially in the fact that the flushing line is connected to the pump suction of at least one pump element for discharging the leaking at the closed metering leakage fuel to the pump suction.
  • the fuel coming from the metering unit is not already drawn off in the partial load range or completely closed metering unit before the pump elements and in particular before the pump suction of the respective pump elements and discharged into the low pressure region, but the pump suction is traversed by this amount of fuel.
  • the throttle in the purge line is in this case dimensioned such that the passing through the metering unit fuel quantity is dissipated so that the opening pressure of the suction valves of the pump elements is not exceeded when no high-pressure delivery is desired. Only when the metering unit meters larger amounts of fuel can not be discharged from the throttle in the purge line enough fuel, whereby the opening pressure of the suction valves is exceeded and fuel enters the pump chamber of the pump elements.
  • the invention is preferably embodied such that a supply line of the fuel supply opens into the pump suction space and leads away from the pump suction space a separate discharge for the flushing quantity.
  • the high-pressure pump assembly comprises a multi-piston pump
  • the invention is advantageously developed in that a plurality of pump elements connected in at least one row are provided, the pump suction chambers of which are in communication with one another and are supplied with fuel from the fuel supply in succession arranged at the end of the row pump element the Flush line is connected.
  • the high-pressure pump arrangement according to the invention is further developed such that downstream of the metering unit, another purge line having a throttle leads away into a low-pressure area for discharging a purge volume coming from the metering unit, this further purge line being arranged upstream of the pump suction chamber.
  • This further purge line is thus arranged at a point in the circuit, which corresponds to the arrangement of the previously known purge line.
  • flushing quantities can be discharged directly into the low-pressure region of the high-pressure pump arrangement, however, a preferred embodiment of the present invention results if the flushing line is connected downstream of the restrictor to a cooling system of a high-pressure fuel line.
  • cooling systems of high-pressure fuel lines are known from the prior art and are for example in a double-walled piping system of the high-pressure lines, wherein the relatively cool fuel from the purge line or from the purge lines is passed through the outer lumen of the double-walled high-pressure lines, whereby the inner fuel line and the therein high pressure fuel to be cooled.
  • FIG.1 the basic structure of a high pressure pump for a common rail injection system
  • Fig.2 a section according to the line II-II of Fig.1
  • Figure 3 the construction of a high-pressure pump assembly according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 a block diagram of a high-pressure pump assembly according to the prior art
  • Figure 5 a block diagram of the high-pressure pump assembly according to the invention.
  • high pressure pump is a driven by the engine camshaft 1 can be seen, which is mounted in a pump housing 2 and via roller tappet 3, the pump piston 4 moves in the pump cylinders 5 of the individual pump elements up and down.
  • the contact between roller tappet 3 and cam 1 is maintained by compression springs 6.
  • the quantity of fuel determined by the metering unit is sucked in via a suction valve 7 and then pressed into the rail during the upward gear via a pressure valve 8.
  • the fuel pumping down between the pump piston 4 and the pump cylinder 5 from the pump chamber 9 is collected in an annular groove 10 and returned through a leakage oil bore 11 into the pump suction chamber 12, as described in US Pat Fig.1 and Fig.2 is shown.
  • the leakage quantities in the order of the Zumessmengen and lead to an undesirably high and uneven heating of the high-pressure pump.
  • the pump elements positioned furthest from the fuel supply line are thereby heated the most.
  • FIG. 3 Now, a high pressure pump according to the invention is shown, wherein it can be seen that at the position 13, a line is connected, which is directly connected to the pump suction of the pump element 14 in connection.
  • the metering unit 15 is located on the opposite side of the row of pumping elements, so that a flushing amount supplied from the metering unit 15 to the pumping elements passes through the pumping suction spaces 12 of the respective pumping elements, thereby removing the leakage amounts from the pumping suction spaces 12.
  • the connection of the individual components of the high pressure pump assembly is particularly clearly visible.
  • the fuel supply from the tank to the low-pressure pump 17, which conveys the fuel at a constant rate to the metering unit 15 takes place.
  • the metering unit 15 controls the amount of fuel that reaches the pump elements.
  • a return line 18 is provided with a suitable non-return valve 19 in order to return unused fuel to the fuel feed from the tank.
  • the fuel passes to the metering unit 15 to the pump elements 14 to 14c, where the promotion to high pressure and the high pressure fuel is collected in the high-pressure header 20 and fed via a line 21 to the injectors of the injection system.
  • a purge or zero feed line 22 is arranged with a zero feed throttle 23 between the metering unit 15 and the pump elements or their suction chambers, so that the fuel, which is unnecessarily attributed to the metering unit 15 to the pump elements 14 to 14c, in the low pressure region the injection system or the high pressure pump assembly is discharged without the pump elements 14 to 14c are reached.
  • flushing lines 24, 24 ' are arranged in the flow direction downstream of the pump elements 14 to 14c, so that a flushing quantity, which is conducted from the metering unit 15 in the direction of the pump elements 14 to 14c, flows through the pump suction spaces of the pump elements 14 to 14c, before the flushing lines 24 and 24 'with the corresponding throttles 25 and 25' can be achieved.
  • the throttles 25 and 25 ' is carried out a discharge of the flushing either directly into the low pressure region or the tank of the injection device, or the flushing amount is, as already described above, used to cool the high-pressure fuel lines.
  • bypass line at the position of the neutral delivery line or purge line 22 is arranged from the prior art, which also has a throttle 27.
  • this bypass line even with the metering unit completely closed, a minimum flushing quantity to the pump elements 14 to 14c can be conveyed, so that even in the zero-flow case a corresponding cooling of the pump elements or the suction chambers of the pump elements takes place.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hochdruckpumpenanordnung zum Pumpen von Brennkraftstoff aus einem Tank in einen Hochdruckbehälter, wobei wenigstens ein aus Pumpenzylinder und Pumpenkolben bestehendes Pumpenelement vorgesehen ist, dessen Pumpenraum über ein Saugventil mit einem von einer Kraftstoffzuführung gespeisten Pumpensaugraum und über ein Druckventil mit dem Hochdruckbehälter in Verbindung bringbar ist, wobei das Pumpenelement eine Leckageleitung zum Rückführen von zwischen Pumpenkolben und Pumpenzylinder abfließenden Leckagekraftstoffs in den Pumpensaugraum aufweist, und wobei die Kraftstoffzuführung eine Zumesseinheit aufweist und von der Kraftstoffzuführung stromabwärts der Zumesseinheit wenigstens eine eine Drossel aufweisende Spülleitung zum Abführen einer von der Zumesseinheit kommenden Spülmenge in einen Niederdruckbereich wegführt.The invention relates to a high-pressure pump arrangement for pumping fuel from a tank into a high-pressure vessel, wherein at least one of pump cylinder and pump piston existing pump element is provided, the pump chamber via a suction valve with a fed from a fuel pump suction and a pressure valve with the high pressure vessel in combination wherein the pump element has a leakage line for returning leakage fuel flowing between the pump piston and the pump cylinder into the pump suction space, and wherein the fuel supply comprises a metering unit and at least one purge line having a throttle for discharging a purge amount from the metering unit from the fuel supply downstream of the metering unit leads away a low pressure area.

Derartige Hochdruckpumpenanordnungen werden beispielsweise in sogenannten "Common-Rail-Systemen" verwendet, in welchen die Hochdruckpumpe dazu dient, Brennkraftstoff aus einem Kraftstofftank in einen Hochdruckbehälter, das sogenannte Rail, zu pumpen, wobei der Kraftstoff in dem Hochdruckbehälter unter einem ausreichenden Druck gehalten wird, um ein Einspritzen des Kraftstoffes in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine zu ermöglichen. Die Hochdruckpumpe stellt den im Rail gespeicherten Hochdruckkraftstoff für alle Betriebszustände des Motors bereit. In manchen dynamischen Betriebspunkten muss die Fördermenge der Hochdruckpumpe über der vom Motor stationär benötigten Volllastmenge liegen. Andererseits ist aber bei Teillast oder Leerlauf des Motors nur eine geringe Fördermenge der Hochdruckpumpe erforderlich.Such high-pressure pump arrangements are used, for example, in so-called "common-rail systems" in which the high-pressure pump serves to pump fuel from a fuel tank into a high-pressure vessel, the so-called rail, the fuel in the high-pressure vessel being kept under sufficient pressure. to allow injection of the fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The high pressure pump provides the high pressure fuel stored in the rail for all operating conditions of the engine. In some dynamic operating points, the flow rate of the high pressure pump must be above the full load required by the engine stationary. On the other hand, however, only a small flow rate of the high pressure pump is required at part load or idling of the engine.

Die Regelung der Fördermenge der Hochdruckpumpe in das Rail erfolgt über eine elektronisch gesteuerte Zumesseinheit, die in Abhängigkeit vom Kraftstoffdruck im Rail die Zuflussmenge zur Hochdruckpumpe bestimmt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass nur die jeweils erforderliche Menge an Hochdruckkraftstoff in das Rail nachgeliefert und nicht ein Überschuss an Hochdruckkraftstoff erzeugt wird, der dann über ein Druckregelventil wieder entlastet und in den Tank zurückgeführt wird. Eine derartige Vorgangsweise wäre mit hohen Energieverlusten verbunden, und würde überdies zu einer übermäßigen Erwärmung des Kraftstoffes führen.The regulation of the flow rate of the high-pressure pump in the rail takes place via an electronically controlled metering unit which determines the inflow quantity to the high-pressure pump as a function of the fuel pressure in the rail. This has the advantage that only the respectively required amount of high pressure fuel in the rail replenished and not an excess of high-pressure fuel is generated, which is then relieved via a pressure control valve and returned to the tank. Such an approach would involve high energy losses and, moreover, would lead to excessive heating of the fuel.

Eine Erwärmung des Kraftstoffes ist bei Verwendung von Kraftstoff mit hoher Viskosität und hohem Anteil an abrasiv wirkenden Feststoffen, sogenanntem Schweröl, einerseits prinzipiell erwünscht, da zur Förderung und Einspritzung von Schweröl eine Erwärmung auf bis zu 150° erforderlich ist, um die notwendige Einspritzviskosität zu erreichen. Bei Hochdruckpumpen herkömmlicher Art ist jedoch andererseits eine Erwärmung der Pumpenelemente in einem Ausmaß zu beobachten, die vor allem bei kleinen Fördermengen zu unerwünscht hohen Temperaturen führen kann. Bei der vorliegenden Art der Regelung über eine gesteuerte Zumesseinheit des von der Hochdruckpumpe gelieferten Hochdruckkraftstoffes kommt es nämlich trotz der geringeren Verluste auch zu einer deutlichen Erwärmung der als Kolbenpumpen ausgebildeten Pumpeneinheiten. Dies liegt daran, dass die bei Drücken von etwa 2000 bar während des Pumpvorgangs entstehenden Leckageströme eine deutliche Erwärmung bewirken. Die Pumpenelemente einer Hochdruckpumpe sind meist in Reihe angeordnet, wobei 2 bis 6 Zylinder nebeneinander üblich sind. Auch eine V- oder W-Anordnung in mehreren Reihen ist möglich. Dabei erhalten die von der Zumesseinheit weiter entfernten Pumpenelemente einen Niederdruckkraftstoff, der bereits einen oder mehrere Saugräume von Pumpenelementen durchspült hat und dabei entsprechend aufgewärmt wurde. Bei herkömmlichen Hochdruckpumpen wird nämlich der zwischen Pumpenkolben und Pumpenzylinder aus dem Pumpenraum nach unten durchleckende Kraftstoff beispielsweise in einer Ringnut gesammelt und durch eine Leckölbohrung in den Saugraum rückgeführt, wie dies in Fig.2 gezeigt ist. Bei kleinen Zumessmengen und hoher Drehzahl des Motors sind die Leckmengen in der Größenordnung der Zumessmengen und führen aufgrund der genannten Rückführung und der daraus resultierenden Kreislaufbildung zu einer unerwünscht hohen und ungleichmäßigen Erwärmung der Hochdruckpumpe. Insbesondere die am weitesten von der Kraftstoffzuführungsleitung positionierten Pumpenelemente werden dadurch am stärksten erwärmt. Damit wird die Förderleistung dieser Elemente reduziert und auch ihre Lebensdauer ungünstig beeinflusst.A heating of the fuel is on the one hand in principle desirable when using fuel with high viscosity and high proportion of abrasive solids, so-called heavy oil, since the promotion and injection of heavy oil heating up to 150 ° is required to achieve the necessary injection viscosity , On the other hand, in the case of high-pressure pumps of a conventional type, heating of the pump elements can be observed to an extent which, especially at low flow rates, can lead to undesirably high temperatures. In the present type of control via a controlled metering unit of the high-pressure fuel supplied by the high-pressure pump, in spite of the lower losses, a significant heating of the pump units designed as piston pumps occurs. This is due to the fact that the leakage currents generated at pressures of about 2000 bar during the pumping process cause a significant warming. The pump elements of a high pressure pump are usually arranged in series, with 2 to 6 cylinders side by side usual. A V or W arrangement in several rows is possible. In this case, the pump elements further away from the metering unit receive a low-pressure fuel, which has already flushed through one or more suction chambers of pump elements and was warmed up accordingly. Namely, in conventional high-pressure pumps the fuel pumping down between the pump piston and the pump cylinder from the pump chamber, for example, collected in an annular groove and returned through a leakage oil hole in the suction chamber, as in Fig.2 is shown. For small Zumessmengen and high speed of the engine, the leakage quantities of the order of magnitude of the Zumessmengen and lead due to the said feedback and the resulting circulation to an undesirably high and uneven heating of the high-pressure pump. In particular, the pump elements positioned furthest from the fuel supply line are thereby heated the most. This reduces the delivery rate of these elements and also adversely affects their service life.

Aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Hochdruckpumpenanordnungen weisen zwischen der Zumesseinheit und den Pumpenelementen eine Spülleitung mit einer in der Spülleitung angeordneten Drossel auf. Diese Leitung wird auch als Nullförderleitung, und die entsprechende Drossel als Nullförderdrossel bezeichnet. Diese Spülleitung bzw. Nullförderleitung kommt zum Tragen, wenn von der Hochdruckpumpenanordnung kein Kraftstoff gefördert werden soll, die Zumesseinheit dementsprechend geschlossen wird und systembedingt auch bei geschlossener Zumesseinheit noch Kraftstoff aus deren Auslass austritt. Damit dieser nicht in den Arbeitsraum der Hochdruckkraftstoffpumpe gelangt, zweigt von der zwischen Zumesseinheit und Saugventil vorhandenen Fluidverbindung die Spülleitung ab, welche zu einem Niederdruckbereich führt.High-pressure pump arrangements known from the prior art have a flushing line with a throttle arranged in the flushing line between the metering unit and the pump elements. This line is also referred to as a zero feed line, and the corresponding throttle as a zero feed throttle. This flushing line or zero delivery line comes into play when fuel is not to be delivered by the high-pressure pump arrangement, the metering unit is closed accordingly and systematically even with closed metering unit still fuel exiting from the outlet. So that this does not enter the working space of the high-pressure fuel pump, the purge line branches off from the fluid connection present between the metering unit and the suction valve, which leads to a low-pressure area.

Über die Spülleitung wird der bei geschlossener Zumesseinheit austretende Leckagekraftstoff von der Hochdruckkraftstoffpumpe ferngehalten. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass bei relativ niedrigem Differenzdruck die Leckagemenge der geschlossenen Zumesseinheit in die Spülleitung und von dort in den Niedrigdruckbereich abgeleitet wird, ohne dass der Öffnungsdruck des Saugentils überschritten wird.About the purge line exiting the closed metering unit leakage fuel is kept away from the high-pressure fuel pump. This happens because at relatively low differential pressure, the leakage amount of the closed metering unit in the purge line and from there into the low pressure range is derived without the opening pressure of the suction valve is exceeded.

Der minimal erforderliche Öffnungsdruck des Saugventils wird dabei durch das Druckniveau im Niedrigdruckbereich zuzüglich der erforderlichen Druckdifferenz über die Nullförderdrossel, welche zur Abführung des aus der Zumesseinheit austretenden Leckagekraftstoffs erforderlich ist, abzüglich des minimalen Drucks im Arbeitsraum der Hochdruckkraftstoffpumpe während der Ansaugphase bestimmt.The minimum required opening pressure of the suction valve is determined by the pressure level in the low pressure area plus the required pressure difference across the zero feed throttle, which is required to discharge the leaking from the metering leakage fuel, minus the minimum pressure in the working space of the high pressure fuel pump during the intake.

Das Dokument US 2009/159053 offenbart eine Hochdruckpumpenanordnung, wobei die Kraftstoffzuführung eine Zumesseinheit aufweist und von der Kraftstoffzuführung stromabwärts der Zumesseinheit eine Spülleitung zum Abführen einer von der Zumesseinheit kommenden Spülmenge in einen Niederdruckbereich wegführt.The document US 2009/159053 discloses a high-pressure pump arrangement, wherein the fuel supply comprises a metering unit and leads away from the fuel supply downstream of the metering unit, a purge line for discharging a coming from the metering unit flushing amount in a low-pressure region.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik und den zuvor dargestellten Problemen der Erwärmung der Pumpenelemente durch die Erhitzung von Leckagekraftstoff aus den Pumpenelementen ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die bekannten Hochdruckpumpenanordnungen dahingehend zu verbessern, dass eine Überhitzung und damit eine Verminderung der Lebensdauer der Pumpenelemente im Teillastbetrieb der Hochdruckpumpenanordnung verhindert wird.Based on this prior art and the problems previously described of heating the pump elements by the heating of leakage fuel from the pump elements, it is an object of the present invention to improve the known high-pressure pump assemblies so that overheating and thus a reduction of the life of the pump elements in part-load operation the high pressure pump assembly is prevented.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist eine Hochdruckpumpenanordnung der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß derart weitergebildet, dass die wenigstens eine Spülleitung mit dem Pumpensaugraum in Verbindung steht, sodass der Pumpensaugraum von der Spülmenge durchflossen wird. Die Erfindung besteht somit im Wesentlichen darin, dass die Spülleitung zum Abführen des bei geschlossener Zumesseinheit austretenden Leckagekraftstoffs an den Pumpensaugraum von zumindest einem Pumpenelement angeschlossen ist.To solve this problem, a high pressure pump assembly of the type mentioned is inventively developed such that the at least one purge line is in communication with the pump suction, so that the pump suction is traversed by the flushing. The invention thus consists essentially in the fact that the flushing line is connected to the pump suction of at least one pump element for discharging the leaking at the closed metering leakage fuel to the pump suction.

Dadurch wird der von der Zumesseinheit kommende Kraftstoff auch im Teillastbereich oder bei vollständig geschlossener Zumesseinheit nicht bereits vor den Pumpenelementen und insbesondere vor den Pumpensaugräumen der jeweiligen Pumpenelemente abgezogen und in den Niederdruckbereich abgeführt, sondern die Pumpensaugräume werden von dieser Kraftstoffmenge durchflossen.As a result, the fuel coming from the metering unit is not already drawn off in the partial load range or completely closed metering unit before the pump elements and in particular before the pump suction of the respective pump elements and discharged into the low pressure region, but the pump suction is traversed by this amount of fuel.

Dadurch wird der Leckagekraftstoff, der von den Pumpenelementen in die Pumpensaugräume zurückgeführt wird, in den Niederdruckbereich gespült. Die Drossel in der Spülleitung ist hierbei derart bemessen, dass die durch die Zumesseinheit tretende Kraftstoffmenge so abgeführt wird, dass der Öffnungsdruck der Saugventile der Pumpenelemente nicht überschritten wird, wenn keine Hochdruckförderung gewünscht ist. Erst wenn die Zumesseinheit größere Kraftstoffmengen zumisst, kann aus der Drossel in der Spülleitung nicht mehr genügend Kraftstoff abgegeben werden, wodurch der Öffnungsdruck der Saugventile überschritten wird und Kraftstoff in den Pumpenraum der Pumpenelemente gelangt.Thereby, the leakage fuel, which is returned by the pump elements in the pump suction chambers, flushed in the low pressure area. The throttle in the purge line is in this case dimensioned such that the passing through the metering unit fuel quantity is dissipated so that the opening pressure of the suction valves of the pump elements is not exceeded when no high-pressure delivery is desired. Only when the metering unit meters larger amounts of fuel can not be discharged from the throttle in the purge line enough fuel, whereby the opening pressure of the suction valves is exceeded and fuel enters the pump chamber of the pump elements.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung kann daher auch für den soeben angesprochenen Fall, dass keine Hochdruckförderung gewünscht ist, bei geeigneter Dimensionierung der Drossel in der Spülleitung ständig eine gewisse Spülmenge von der Zumesseinheit zugemessen werden, wodurch auch im Nullförderfall die Pumpensaugräume der Pumpenelemente durchflossen werden und die Bildung von Heizkreisläufen praktisch vollständig verhindert werden kann.With the arrangement according to the invention, therefore, even for the case just mentioned, that no high-pressure delivery is desired, with appropriate dimensioning of the throttle in the purge line constantly a certain flushing amount of the metering unit are metered, whereby even in Nullförderfall the Pumpensaugräume the pump elements are traversed and the formation of heating circuits can be virtually completely prevented.

Bevorzugt ist die Erfindung dergestalt ausgeführt, dass in den Pumpensaugraum eine Zuleitung der Kraftstoffzuführung mündet und vom Pumpensaugraum eine hiervon gesonderte Ableitung für die Spülmenge wegführt.The invention is preferably embodied such that a supply line of the fuel supply opens into the pump suction space and leads away from the pump suction space a separate discharge for the flushing quantity.

Für den Fall, dass die Hochdruckpumpenanordnung eine Mehrkolbenpumpe umfasst ist die Erfindung mit Vorteil dahingehend weitergebildet, dass eine Mehrzahl von in wenigstens einer Reihe geschaltenen Pumpenelementen vorgesehen ist, deren Pumpensaugräume miteinander in Verbindung stehen und nacheinander mit Kraftstoff aus der Kraftstoffzuführung versorgt werden, und dass an das am Ende der Reihe angeordnete Pumpenelement die Spülleitung angeschlossen ist.In the event that the high-pressure pump assembly comprises a multi-piston pump, the invention is advantageously developed in that a plurality of pump elements connected in at least one row are provided, the pump suction chambers of which are in communication with one another and are supplied with fuel from the fuel supply in succession arranged at the end of the row pump element the Flush line is connected.

Mit Vorteil ist die erfindungsgemäße Hochdruckpumpenanordnung derart weitergebildet, dass stromabwärts der Zumesseinheit eine weitere eine Drossel aufweisende Spülleitung zum Abführen einer von der Zumesseinheit kommenden Spülmenge in einen Niederdruckbereich wegführt, wobei diese weitere Spülleitung stromaufwärts des Pumpensaugraums angeordnet ist. Diese weitere Spülleitung ist somit an einer Stelle im Kreislauf angeordnet, die der Anordnung der bisher bekannten Spülleitung entspricht. Über diese Spülleitung kann auch bei geschlossener Zumesseinheit eine bestimmte Spülmenge zur Kühlung der erfindungsgemäß durchflossenen Pumpenelemente bereitgestellt werden.Advantageously, the high-pressure pump arrangement according to the invention is further developed such that downstream of the metering unit, another purge line having a throttle leads away into a low-pressure area for discharging a purge volume coming from the metering unit, this further purge line being arranged upstream of the pump suction chamber. This further purge line is thus arranged at a point in the circuit, which corresponds to the arrangement of the previously known purge line. By means of this flushing line, even with the metering unit closed, a certain amount of flushing can be provided for cooling the pump elements which flow according to the invention.

Die angesprochenen Spülmengen können direkt in den Niederdruckbereich der Hochdruckpumpenanordnung abgeführt werden, jedoch ergibt sich eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, wenn die Spülleitung stromabwärts der Drossel an ein Kühlsystem einer Hochdruckkraftstoffleitung angeschlossen ist. Derartige Kühlsysteme von Hochdruckkraftstoffleitungen sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und bestehen beispielsweise in einem doppelwandigen Leitungssystem der Hochdruckleitungen, wobei der relativ kühle Kraftstoff aus der Spülleitung bzw. aus den Spülleitungen durch das äußere Lumen der doppelwandigen Hochdruckleitungen geleitet wird, wodurch die innenliegende Kraftstoffleitung und der darin befindliche Hochdruckkraftstoff gekühlt werden.The mentioned flushing quantities can be discharged directly into the low-pressure region of the high-pressure pump arrangement, however, a preferred embodiment of the present invention results if the flushing line is connected downstream of the restrictor to a cooling system of a high-pressure fuel line. Such cooling systems of high-pressure fuel lines are known from the prior art and are for example in a double-walled piping system of the high-pressure lines, wherein the relatively cool fuel from the purge line or from the purge lines is passed through the outer lumen of the double-walled high-pressure lines, whereby the inner fuel line and the therein high pressure fuel to be cooled.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen Fig.1 den grundsätzlichen Aufbau einer Hochdruckpumpe für ein Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem, Fig.2 einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie II-II der Fig.1, Fig.3 den Aufbau einer Hochdruckpumpenanordnung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, Fig.4 ein Blockschaltbild einer Hochdruckpumpenanordnung gemäß dem Stand der Technik und Fig.5 ein Blockschaltbild der erfindungsgemäßen Hochdruckpumpenanordnung.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing. In this show Fig.1 the basic structure of a high pressure pump for a common rail injection system, Fig.2 a section according to the line II-II of Fig.1 . Figure 3 the construction of a high-pressure pump assembly according to the present invention, Figure 4 a block diagram of a high-pressure pump assembly according to the prior art and Figure 5 a block diagram of the high-pressure pump assembly according to the invention.

Bei der in Fig.1 und Fig.2 dargestellten Hochdruckpumpe ist eine vom Verbrennungsmotor angetriebene Nockenwelle 1 ersichtlich, die in einem Pumpengehäuse 2 gelagert ist und über Rollenstößel 3 die Pumpenkolben 4 in den Pumpenzylindern 5 der einzelnen Pumpenelemente auf und ab bewegt. Der Kontakt zwischen Rollenstößel 3 und Nocken 1 wird durch Druckfedern 6 aufrechterhalten. Beim Abwärtsgang des Pumpenkolbens 4 wird über ein Saugventil 7 die von der Zumesseinheit bestimmte Kraftstoffmenge angesaugt und anschließend beim Aufwärtsgang über ein Druckventil 8 in das Rail gedrückt. Bei dieser Hochdruckpumpe wird der zwischen Pumpenkolben 4 und Pumpenzylinder 5 aus dem Pumpenraum 9 nach unten durchleckende Kraftstoff in einer Ringnut 10 gesammelt und durch eine Leckölbohrung 11 in den Pumpensaugraum 12 rückgeführt, wie dies in Fig.1 und Fig.2 gezeigt ist. Bei kleinen Zumessmengen und hoher Drehzahl des Motors sind die Leckmengen in der Größenordnung der Zumessmengen und führen zu einer unerwünscht hohen und ungleichmäßigen Erwärmung der Hochdruckpumpe. Insbesondere die am weitesten von der Kraftstoffzuführungsleitung positionierten Pumpenelemente werden dadurch am stärksten erwärmt.At the in Fig.1 and Fig.2 shown high pressure pump is a driven by the engine camshaft 1 can be seen, which is mounted in a pump housing 2 and via roller tappet 3, the pump piston 4 moves in the pump cylinders 5 of the individual pump elements up and down. The contact between roller tappet 3 and cam 1 is maintained by compression springs 6. During the downward movement of the pump piston 4, the quantity of fuel determined by the metering unit is sucked in via a suction valve 7 and then pressed into the rail during the upward gear via a pressure valve 8. In this high-pressure pump, the fuel pumping down between the pump piston 4 and the pump cylinder 5 from the pump chamber 9 is collected in an annular groove 10 and returned through a leakage oil bore 11 into the pump suction chamber 12, as described in US Pat Fig.1 and Fig.2 is shown. At small Zumessmengen and high speed of the engine, the leakage quantities in the order of the Zumessmengen and lead to an undesirably high and uneven heating of the high-pressure pump. In particular, the pump elements positioned furthest from the fuel supply line are thereby heated the most.

In Fig.3 ist nun eine erfindungsgemäße Hochdruckpumpe dargestellt, wobei zu erkennen ist, dass an der Position 13 eine Leitung angeschlossen ist, die direkt mit dem Pumpensaugraum des Pumpenelements 14 in Verbindung steht. Die Zumesseinheit 15 liegt auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Reihe der Pumpenelemente, sodass eine Spülmenge, die von der Zumesseinheit 15 den Pumpenelementen zugeführt wird, die Pumpensaugräume 12 der jeweiligen Pumpenelemente durchströmt, wodurch die Leckagemengen aus den Pumpensaugräumen 12 abgeführt werden.In Figure 3 Now, a high pressure pump according to the invention is shown, wherein it can be seen that at the position 13, a line is connected, which is directly connected to the pump suction of the pump element 14 in connection. The metering unit 15 is located on the opposite side of the row of pumping elements, so that a flushing amount supplied from the metering unit 15 to the pumping elements passes through the pumping suction spaces 12 of the respective pumping elements, thereby removing the leakage amounts from the pumping suction spaces 12.

In den Fig. 4 und 5 ist die Verschaltung der einzelnen Komponenten der Hochdruckpumpenanordnung besonders deutlich zu erkennen. An der Position 16 erfolgt der Kraftstoffzulauf vom Tank zur Niederdruckpumpe 17, welche den Kraftstoff mit einer konstanten Rate zur Zumesseinheit 15 fördert. In Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Kraftstoffbedarf regelt die Zumesseinheit 15 die Kraftstoffmenge, die zu den Pumpenelementen gelangt. In Strömungsrichtung vor der Zumesseinheit ist eine Rückflussleitung 18 mit einem geeigneten Rückschlagventil 19 vorgesehen, um nicht benötigten Kraftstoff in den Kraftstoffzulauf vom Tank zurückzufördern. Der Kraftstoff gelangt nach der Zumesseinheit 15 zu den Pumpenelementen 14 bis 14c, wo die Förderung auf Hochdruck erfolgt und der Hochdruckkraftstoff im Hochdrucksammler 20 gesammelt und über eine Leitung 21 den Injektoren des Einspritzsystems zugeführt wird. Beim Stand der Technik, wie er der Fig.4 zu entnehmen ist, ist eine Spül- bzw. Nullförderleitung 22 mit einer Nullförderdrossel 23 zwischen der Zumesseinheit 15 und den Pumpenelementen bzw. deren Saugräumen angeordnet, sodass der Kraftstoff, der von der Zumesseinheit 15 überflüssigerweise den Pumpenelementen 14 bis 14c zugemessen wird, in den Niederdruckbereich des Einspritzsystems bzw. der Hochdruckpumpenanordnung abgeführt wird, ohne dass die Pumpenelemente 14 bis 14c erreicht werden.In the Fig. 4 and 5 the connection of the individual components of the high pressure pump assembly is particularly clearly visible. At the position 16, the fuel supply from the tank to the low-pressure pump 17, which conveys the fuel at a constant rate to the metering unit 15 takes place. Depending on the fuel requirement, the metering unit 15 controls the amount of fuel that reaches the pump elements. In the flow direction in front of the metering unit, a return line 18 is provided with a suitable non-return valve 19 in order to return unused fuel to the fuel feed from the tank. The fuel passes to the metering unit 15 to the pump elements 14 to 14c, where the promotion to high pressure and the high pressure fuel is collected in the high-pressure header 20 and fed via a line 21 to the injectors of the injection system. In the state of the art, as he Figure 4 can be seen, a purge or zero feed line 22 is arranged with a zero feed throttle 23 between the metering unit 15 and the pump elements or their suction chambers, so that the fuel, which is unnecessarily attributed to the metering unit 15 to the pump elements 14 to 14c, in the low pressure region the injection system or the high pressure pump assembly is discharged without the pump elements 14 to 14c are reached.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Hochdruckpumpenanordnung gemäß Fig.5 ist nun zu erkennen, dass Spülleitungen 24, 24' in Strömungsrichtung nach den Pumpenelementen 14 bis 14c angeordnet sind, sodass eine Spülmenge, die von der Zumesseinheit 15 in Richtung der Pumpenelemente 14 bis 14c geleitet wird, die Pumpensaugräume der Pumpenelemente 14 bis 14c durchfließt, bevor die Spülleitungen 24 bzw. 24' mit den entsprechenden Drosseln 25 bzw. 25' erreicht werden. Nach den Drosseln 25 bzw. 25' erfolgt eine Ableitung der Spülmenge entweder direkt in den Niederdruckbereich bzw. den Tank der Einspritzvorrichtung, oder die Spülmenge wird, wie dies bereits weiter oben beschrieben wurde, zur Kühlung der Hochdruckkraftstoffleitungen herangezogen. Mit 26 ist eine weitere Bypassleitung an der Position der Nullförderleitung bzw. Spülleitung 22 aus dem Stand der Technik angeordnet, die ebenfalls über eine Drossel 27 verfügt. Durch diese Bypassleitung kann auch bei vollständig geschlossener Zumesseinheit eine minimale Spülmengen zu den Pumpenelementen 14 bis 14c gefördert werden, sodass auch im Nullförderfall eine entsprechende Kühlung der Pumpenelemente bzw. der Saugräume der Pumpenelemente erfolgt.In the high pressure pump assembly according to the invention Figure 5 it can now be seen that flushing lines 24, 24 'are arranged in the flow direction downstream of the pump elements 14 to 14c, so that a flushing quantity, which is conducted from the metering unit 15 in the direction of the pump elements 14 to 14c, flows through the pump suction spaces of the pump elements 14 to 14c, before the flushing lines 24 and 24 'with the corresponding throttles 25 and 25' can be achieved. After the throttles 25 and 25 'is carried out a discharge of the flushing either directly into the low pressure region or the tank of the injection device, or the flushing amount is, as already described above, used to cool the high-pressure fuel lines. With 26 another bypass line at the position of the neutral delivery line or purge line 22 is arranged from the prior art, which also has a throttle 27. By means of this bypass line, even with the metering unit completely closed, a minimum flushing quantity to the pump elements 14 to 14c can be conveyed, so that even in the zero-flow case a corresponding cooling of the pump elements or the suction chambers of the pump elements takes place.

Claims (5)

  1. High-pressure pump arrangement for pumping fuel from a tank into a high-pressure container, comprising at least one pump element (14) which consists of pump cylinder (5) and pump piston (4), and a fuel feed for the pump element (14), it being possible for the pump space (9) of the pump element (14) to be connected via an upstroke valve (7) to a pump suction space (12) which is fed by the fuel feed and via a delivery valve (8) to the high-pressure container, the pump element (14) having a leakage line for returning leakage fuel which flows out between pump piston (4) and pump cylinder (5) to the pump suction space (12), and the fuel feed having a metering unit (15), and at least one flushing line (24, 24') which has a throttle (25, 25') leading away from the fuel feed downstream of the metering unit (15) for discharging a flushing quantity which comes from the metering unit (15) into a low-pressure region, characterized in that the at least one flushing line (24, 24') is connected to the pump suction space (12), with the result that the pump suction space (12) is flowed through by the flushing quantity.
  2. High-pressure pump arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that a feed line of the fuel feed opens into the pump suction space (12), and a discharge line which is separate therefrom for the flushing quantity leads away from the pump suction space.
  3. High-pressure pump arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of pump elements (14) which are connected in at least one row are provided, the pump suction spaces (12) of which are connected to one another and are supplied one after another with fuel from the fuel feed, and in that the flushing line (24, 24') is connected to the pump element which is arranged at the end of the row.
  4. High-pressure pump arrangement according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a further flushing line which has a further throttle leads away downstream of the metering unit (15) for discharging a flushing quantity which comes from the metering unit (15) into a low-pressure region, the said further flushing line being arranged upstream of the pump suction space (12).
  5. High-pressure pump arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flushing line (24, 24') is connected downstream of the throttle (25, 25') to a cooling system of a high-pressure fuel line.
EP12721698.4A 2011-05-18 2012-05-03 High-pressure pump arrangement for pumping combustible fuel from a tank into a high-pressure container Active EP2710252B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT7082011A AT511504B1 (en) 2011-05-18 2011-05-18 HIGH PRESSURE PUMP ARRANGEMENT FOR PUMPING FUEL FUEL FROM A TANK INTO A HIGH-PRESSURE TANK
PCT/AT2012/000125 WO2012155162A1 (en) 2011-05-18 2012-05-03 High-pressure pump arrangement for pumping combustible fuel from a tank into a high-pressure container

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EP2710252A1 EP2710252A1 (en) 2014-03-26
EP2710252B1 true EP2710252B1 (en) 2016-03-23

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DE102021102709A1 (en) 2021-02-05 2022-08-11 Joachim Risse HIGH PRESSURE PUMP

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JPH11280603A (en) * 1998-03-27 1999-10-15 Aisan Ind Co Ltd High pressure fuel supply pump
JP2000297674A (en) * 1999-04-15 2000-10-24 Aisan Ind Co Ltd High-pressure fuel pump system
DE10324010A1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mechanism for adjusting variable through-flow cross-section in fuel connection of fuel injection unit of an internal combustion engine, comprises a valve member which has a groove running over circumference of its cover
US7819107B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2010-10-26 Caterpillar Inc Pumping element for a fluid pump and method
US8308450B2 (en) * 2009-03-05 2012-11-13 Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. High pressure fuel pump with parallel cooling fuel flow

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AT511504B1 (en) 2013-11-15
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EP2710252A1 (en) 2014-03-26

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