EP2057914B1 - Bracelet with articulated links - Google Patents

Bracelet with articulated links Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2057914B1
EP2057914B1 EP07405321.6A EP07405321A EP2057914B1 EP 2057914 B1 EP2057914 B1 EP 2057914B1 EP 07405321 A EP07405321 A EP 07405321A EP 2057914 B1 EP2057914 B1 EP 2057914B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
links
link
fixed
bearing
assembly
Prior art date
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Application number
EP07405321.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2057914A1 (en
Inventor
James Rejzner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolex SA
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Rolex SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Rolex SA filed Critical Rolex SA
Priority to EP07405321.6A priority Critical patent/EP2057914B1/en
Priority to US12/263,803 priority patent/US7730710B2/en
Priority to JP2008283267A priority patent/JP5355992B2/en
Priority to CN200810172875.4A priority patent/CN101438871B/en
Publication of EP2057914A1 publication Critical patent/EP2057914A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2057914B1 publication Critical patent/EP2057914B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C5/00—Bracelets; Wrist-watch straps; Fastenings for bracelets or wrist-watch straps
    • A44C5/02—Link constructions
    • A44C5/10—Link constructions not extensible
    • A44C5/107—Link constructions not extensible with links made of more than two elements including connecting elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an articulated link bracelet, especially for a watch, comprising at least three longitudinal rows side by side of links (MB, MC) offset longitudinally from one row adjacent to the other and connected and positioned by passages transverse members which receive connecting rods, a bracelet in which each articulation comprises, on the one hand, axially guided friction surfaces and, on the other hand, lateral guided friction surfaces, some of which are of a first material whose hardness is> 800Hv.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce the wear of the friction surfaces of the joints of metal link bracelets.
  • the subject of the invention is an articulated metal link bracelet according to claim 1.
  • the hinge surface is that of a ceramic element sintered or deposited on a substrate, or a ceramic-metal mixture sintered or deposited on a substrate in the form of alternating ceramic metal layers.
  • a hinge surface is that of a substrate coated with amorphous carbon.
  • the connecting elements of the strands of bracelets to the watch case, as well as the clasp which serves to connect the two strands to one another and which, in the case of this type of bracelet is generally a clasp said "to folding clasp ", do not form part of the invention. Also, they were not represented. This obviously does not prevent the joint surfaces between the links of the bracelet and the adjacent elements of the clasp can use the pairs of materials according to the present invention, it relates to all the joints of the different elements of a bracelet link, including its articulation with the clasp and possibly the watch case.
  • two center links MC and four edge links MB are shown forming two sets of integral links. articulated to each other.
  • these links are of a material that is not likely to reduce wear when it rubs against a surface whose hardness is> 800HV, such as a ceramic surface or a ceramic-metal mixture.
  • the center links MC are offset in the longitudinal direction of the bracelet relative to the two rows of edge links MB, so that one center link MC is astride two edge links MB of each row.
  • a center link MC has three transverse passages, two of which each receive a connecting element 1 constituted by a rod whose two end portions of smaller diameters protrude on each side of the center link MC.
  • the protruding parts of the connecting elements 1 are intended to be driven into blind holes 2 of two links of edges MB which face each other.
  • a center link MC forms a unitary assembly with the two edge links MB in which the projecting ends of the connecting elements 1 are driven out.
  • the joint is thus made between two sets of adjacent integral links, each having a center link MC offset longitudinally with respect to two MB edge links aligned transversely to the bracelet.
  • the center link MC of this set of integral links comprising a center link MC and two edge links MB is articulated to two edge links of the same set of adjacent integral links.
  • an insert bearing element in this example, formed by a sintered ceramic tube 3 or a sintered metal ceramic mixture is engaged inside the third transverse passage 4 of the center link MC.
  • the ceramic chosen will advantageously be zirconia.
  • An axis 5 is freely engaged in this tube 3 and its ends are driven in two blind holes 6 of the two edge links MB of the adjacent integral link assembly.
  • the bracelet is made of a standard steel for a bracelet, such as 316L steel, it is necessary that the tube 3, made of sintered ceramic or in a sintered metal ceramic mixture, be fixed to the center link MC, by driving or by gluing by example.
  • a second axis of articulation 5 or 5a if, as illustrated on the figure 1 the hinge pin 5a is an axis of which an end portion is a screw head and the other end portion is threaded to screw into an opening 6a of the adjusting edge link MB, while the opening 6b for the screw head passes through the adjusting edge link MB.
  • These axes 5a and the adjusting edge links MB with openings 6a, 6b are intended to allow adjustment of the length of the bracelet by removal or addition of edge links MB and adjustment axes 5a. This is true for all forms of execution, so that this adjustment system, moreover conventional in this type of bracelet, will no longer be described.
  • the hinge axis 5a is replaced by a normal hinge axis 5.
  • axis of articulation is an axis 5, it is intended to be fixed in the openings 6 of the two opposite edge links MB for the articulation of a set of integral links MC, MB adjacent as shown.
  • the hinge pins 5, 5a are made of one of the materials which makes it possible to reduce the frictional wear with the sintered ceramic ceramic tubes or metal ceramic mixture 3.
  • One of these materials is a cobalt alloy.
  • the other materials capable of reducing frictional wear with the tube 3, under the conditions to which the wristbands of During their use mention may be made of nickel-free stainless steels, gold and gold alloys, platinum and platinum alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, and all platinoids and their alloys.
  • the choice of material is essentially based on the material or materials used to make links MB, MC.
  • the sintered ceramic tube 3 of the first embodiment is replaced here by two shorter bearing tubes 13 disposed on either side of the central portion of larger diameter of the hinge axis 15.
  • the positions respective axial axes of these bearing tubes 13 are defined by the bearing surfaces between the central part of the hinge axis 15 and the adjacent parts on which the bearings 13 are mounted.
  • the bearing tubes 13 are driven out or glued into the opening 14 of the center link MC leaving a very small clearance (a few hundredths of a millimeter) between the bearing tubes 13 and the bearing surfaces of the central part of the hinge pin 15 .
  • the ends of the hinge pin 15 are driven into the openings 16 of the edge links MB, so as to provide a clearance between the lateral faces of the edge links MB and the lateral faces of the link member.
  • MC center.
  • This game is chosen very slightly larger than the clearance between the bearing tubes 13 and the bearing surfaces of the central part of the hinge pin 15, so that the lateral faces of the links MB and MC can not touch each other and that the lateral friction only occurs between the ceramic bearing tubes 13 and the bearing surfaces of the central part of the hinge pin which, depending on the nature of the material of which the links MC, MB, are formed of cobalt alloy , in nickel-free stainless steel, in gold alloy, in platinum alloy or platinoid alloy or titanium alloy.
  • the diameter of the central part of the hinge axis 15 is obviously smaller than that of the opening 14 of the center link MC, so that the friction between the cylindrical surfaces occurs only between the inner faces of the bearing tubes and pivot shaft portions 15 which pass through the respective bearing tubes 13.
  • the form of execution illustrated by the figure 3 aims at the same goal as the previous one.
  • the bearing tubes 23 are completely housed, fixed or not depending on the nature of the material of which the links are made, in the edge links MB.
  • the pivot axes 25 are not fixed in the edge links MB, but in the center link MC.
  • Lateral friction occurs between one end of the bearing tube 23 and a bearing surface of the hinge pin 25 which is in one of the materials capable of reducing wear with the ceramic bearing tube or a sintered metal ceramic mixture.
  • the bearing tube could be coated metal, amorphous carbon, also called DLC (diamond like carbon), ceramic or alternating layers of ceramic and metal deposited by PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition).
  • the form of execution of the figure 4 comprises a bearing tube 33 fixed in a center link MC.
  • the hinge axis 35 is here divided into two parts. Each part of this hinge axis comprises a segment of larger diameter, driven in an edge link MB and a part of smaller diameter, freely engaged in the bearing tube 33, so that once assembled the distance between the segments of larger diameter is equal to the length of the tube increased by a functional game allowing the pivoting of the links.
  • the bearing tube 33 is made of sintered ceramic, or a metal ceramic mixture, the hinge pin is in one of the abovementioned materials to reduce wear with the ceramic tube.
  • the lateral friction is between the ends of the bearing tube 33 and the bearing between the segments of different diameters of the hinge axis 35 in two parts.
  • the two pivotal half-axes can be replaced by an articulation pin 45 comprising a segment of larger diameter driven in an edge link MB and a segment of smaller diameter freely engaged in the bearing tube 43 and a sleeve 45a. driven in the edge link MB located opposite the edge link in which the larger diameter segment of the hinge axis 45 is driven.
  • the bearing tube 53 is divided into two half-tubes shorter to avoid the chase over the entire width of the MC center link.
  • the figure 7 illustrates a device for adjusting the length of the bracelet.
  • the hinge axis 66 has a thread 66a at one end and a screw head 66b at the opposite end.
  • two small bearing tubes 65 are driven into the edge links MB. Lateral friction occurs between these bearing tubes 65 and the bearing tubes 63 driven into the center link MC.
  • the bearing tube (s) are replaced by balls 73 which are taken sandwiched between two bushes 75 driven in a center link MC and two bushes 75a driven respectively in the two links of adjacent edges MB.
  • the edge links MB are assembled by driving the connecting elements 71 which hold the balls 73 in contact with the annular edges of the bushes 75, 75a which advantageously form frustoconical surfaces.
  • the lens-shaped member 85 is in one of the abovementioned materials chosen for its low frictional wear with the ceramic and is housed in a housing 84a formed in the inner side face of each edge link MB, with its domed surface projecting this side face to come into contact with the convex face of the ceramic member 83.
  • the whole is maintained by the connecting elements 81 driven in the two links of edges.
  • the lenses 83, 85 are fixed in their housing 84, 84a, for example by gluing.
  • the bearing tube is integral with the link and can not rotate or translate therein.
  • Figures 10 to 14 are alternative means of attachment.
  • the figure 10 relates to a bearing tube 93 provided with recessed surfaces 93a to cooperate with locking keys 90, preferably of plastic, engaged in adjacent openings 94a and communicating with a transverse passage 94 receiving the bearing tube 93, fitted tightly between the tube and the shaft 91.
  • Another way of securing the bearing tube 103 in the center link MC consists of producing a tube in the form of a sintered ceramic profile whose non-circular section has an outgrowth as illustrated by FIG. figure 11 .
  • the section of this section 103 corresponds to a portion of the section of the passage 104 formed transversely to the center link MC.
  • the protrusion of the section must be sufficient to come into contact with the links MB and thus block the translation of the profiled tube.
  • the axis of articulation 105 is similar to the axes of joints of the Figures 5, 6 and 10 with a larger diameter end segment driven into an edge link MB on one side of the center link MC, a bushing 105a being driven into the edge link MB located on the other side of the center link MC.
  • This bushing 105a and the span between the larger diameter segment and the smaller diameter segment of the hinge axis 105 serve for lateral friction with the ends of the profiled bearing tube 103, the length of which is slightly greater than the width of center link MC.
  • the center link MC is a hollow section in the transverse direction, in the opening 117 of which is introduced a sintered ceramic or ceramic ceramic insert 113, the section of which is exactly complementary, with the clearance, to that of the opening 117 of the hollow section forming the center link MC.
  • the insert 113 has three passages 114, two for the connecting elements 111 whose ends are driven in the edge links MB of the two outer rows of the bracelet and a passage 114 for the hinge axis 115, identical to the axis of articulation of Figures 5, 6 , 10, 11 .
  • the material of the hinge pin 115 and the bushing 115a is made of one of the aforementioned materials for rubbing with the sintered ceramic or sintered metal ceramic insert.
  • this hinge axis 115 and the sleeve 115a will be of the same metal or alloy as the links of the bracelet when the latter is a gold alloy, platinum or platinoid. It will preferably be made of nickel-free stainless steel if the links are made of steel, or if certain links are made of steel and others are made of gold alloy. It can also be made of a metal coated with amorphous carbon.
  • the inserts 123 are in two parts driven at both ends of the opening of the hollow section forming the center link MC, so as to favor contact with the bearing surfaces of the hinge pins 125 and 125a and the inserts.
  • the rest of this variant is identical to the execution form of the figure 12 .
  • the variant of the figure 14 differs from the preceding essentially in that a spring 138 working in compression is interposed between the two inserts 133 sintered ceramic or sintered metal ceramic mixture, thus exerting a privileged contact between an insert 133 and the socket 135a driven into a link MB and which is coaxial with the hinge axis 135, and between the other insert 133 and the range between the larger diameter segment of the hinge pin 135 and its smaller diameter segment .
  • the form of execution illustrated by the figure 15 refers more specifically to a bracelet whose links are made of metal or alloy of precious metal.
  • the hinge pins 145 are advantageously in the same metal or alloy as that of the links and are preferably brazed in the edge links MB.
  • the bearings 143 are small sintered ceramic tubes, mounted free in the transverse passages 144 of the center links MC, since the friction between the ceramic and a gold or platinoid alloy is favorable from the point of view of the reduction of the wear.
  • the Figures 16A, 16B illustrate a variant of a bracelet whose links and axes of articulation are made of gold alloy or platinoid.
  • This bracelet has five rows with links alternately shifted from one row to another.
  • This bracelet thus comprises two rows of MB edge links and three rows of center links MC, MC 1 , MC 2 .
  • Two ceramic or metal ceramic mixture inserts 153 are housed in the center links MC 1 , MC 2 and have transverse passages 154 for the hinge pins 155.
  • the dimensions of the bearings 163 transverse to the strap are chosen so that the lateral friction between the links occurs exclusively between the end faces of the bearings 163, which are fixed in the links MB, MC, MC 1 , MC 2 . So all the friction is produced between these bearings 163 or between the bearings and the axes of joints 165 which are preferably made of a cobalt alloy. These axes could also be nickel-free stainless steel or another metal coated with amorphous carbon or ceramic.
  • a series of comparative tests was carried out. The results of these tests are shown in the diagram of the figure 18 .
  • the tests are performed by attempting to reproduce the actual conditions in which a watchband is used. For this purpose, the tests are carried out with a particular additive and under a controlled atmosphere.
  • the additive consists of an abrasive (silica powder) in an organic oil matrix.
  • a 1 corresponds to the frictional wear between an austenitic stainless steel disk with nickel, standard in the field of watchbands, such as 316L and a cobalt alloy ball
  • a 2 corresponds to the frictional wear between the same cobalt alloy ball rubbing against a sintered zirconia disk.
  • a 3 corresponds to the frictional wear between an 18k gold disc and a cobalt alloy ball.
  • B 1 corresponds to the frictional wear of an 18k yellow gold ball against an austenitic stainless steel disk with nickel.
  • B 2 corresponds to the frictional wear of an 18k yellow gold ball against a sintered zirconia disk.
  • B 3 corresponds to the friction wear of an 18k yellow gold ball against an 18k yellow gold disc.
  • C 1 corresponds to the friction wear of a titanium ball against an austenitic stainless steel disk with nickel.
  • C 2 is the frictional wear of a titanium ball against a sintered zirconia disk.
  • D 2 corresponds to the frictional wear of a platinum ball against a sintered zirconia disk.
  • D 4 corresponds to the frictional wear of a platinum ball against a platinum disc.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un bracelet à maillons articulés, notamment pour montre, comportant au moins trois rangées longitudinales côte à côte de maillons (MB, MC) décalés longitudinalement d'une rangée adjacente à l'autre et reliés et positionnés par des passages transversaux qui reçoivent des tiges de liaison, bracelet dans lequel chaque articulation comporte d'une part des surfaces de frottement à guidage axial, d'autre part des surfaces de frottement à guidage latéral, dont certaines sont en un premier matériau dont la dureté est > 800HV.The present invention relates to an articulated link bracelet, especially for a watch, comprising at least three longitudinal rows side by side of links (MB, MC) offset longitudinally from one row adjacent to the other and connected and positioned by passages transverse members which receive connecting rods, a bracelet in which each articulation comprises, on the one hand, axially guided friction surfaces and, on the other hand, lateral guided friction surfaces, some of which are of a first material whose hardness is> 800Hv.

Le problème de l'usure des articulations de bracelets à maillons, en particulier des bracelets de montre est un problème récurrent depuis l'apparition de ce type de bracelets. L'usure augmente le jeu au niveau des articulations, donnant une impression dépréciative au bracelet. Cette usure ne s'attaque pas qu'aux axes d'articulations, mais aussi aux maillons du bracelet lorsqu'il s'agit de maillons métalliques, notamment, dans le cas de bracelets comportant plusieurs rangées de maillons côte à côte, le jeu des articulations peut finalement permettre de former des entailles dans leurs faces latérales adjacentes, nuisant ainsi à l'esthétique du bracelet.The problem of wear of joints of link bracelets, especially watchbands is a recurring problem since the appearance of this type of bracelets. Wear increases the play at the joints, giving a depreciative impression to the bracelet. This wear does not only attack the axes of joints, but also the links of the bracelet when it comes to metal links, particularly, in the case of bracelets with several rows of links side by side, the game of joints can finally allow to form notches in their adjacent side faces, thus detracting from the aesthetics of the bracelet.

On a déjà proposé de remédier à ce défaut dans le EP 0 243 315 en interposant des paliers en rubis entre les maillons et les axes d'articulation.It has already been proposed to remedy this defect in the EP 0 243 315 by interposing ruby bearings between the links and the hinge pins.

Contrairement à ce qu'affirme ce document, le fait de réaliser des éléments d'articulation de grande dureté, dans ce cas, des paliers en rubis, ne permet pas à lui seul de résoudre le problème de l'usure des articulations. Cette usure peut être aussi importante, voire plus, suivant les cas. En outre, le choix du rubis sous forme de cristal pose des problèmes de fiabilité, compte tenu de sa relative fragilité. Or, les éléments d'articulation d'un bracelet sont susceptibles d'être soumis à des contraintes sévères pouvant aller jusqu'à la rupture des éléments d'articulation en rubis, pouvant alors causer des dégâts difficiles à réparer.Contrary to what is stated in this document, the fact of producing very hard articulation elements, in this case, ruby bearings, does not by itself solve the problem of wear of the joints. This wear can be as important, or even more, depending on the case. In addition, the choice of the ruby in the form of crystal poses problems of reliability, given its relative fragility. However, the hinge elements of a bracelet are likely to be subjected to severe stresses that can go as far as breaking the ruby articulation elements, which can then cause damage difficult to repair.

Indépendamment de ce risque, il faut savoir qu'un bracelet est exposé à des poussières abrasives, ainsi qu'à des substances corrosives (eau de mer, transpiration, en particulier). Suivant le matériau de la contre-surface de palier qui frotte contre l'élément de palier en rubis, ces poussières et substances corrosives peuvent engendrer une usure de cette contre-surface au moins aussi importante qu'en l'absence de l'élément de palier en rubis, comme l'ont montré des tests d'usure de longue durée effectués sur des appareils de simulation dans différentes atmosphères.Regardless of this risk, you should know that a bracelet is exposed to abrasive dust, as well as corrosive substances (seawater, perspiration, in particular). Depending on the material of the counter-bearing surface which rubs against the ruby bearing element, these dusts and corrosive substances can cause wear of this counter-surface at least as great as in the absence of the element of Ruby bearing, as shown by long-term wear tests carried out on simulation devices in different atmospheres.

On a aussi proposé dans le CH 695 037 A5 un bracelet à maillons articulés dans lequel au moins une surface de frottement est en un matériau dont la dureté est >800HV, au moins une autre surface de frottement est en un second matériau tel que alliage de titane, céramique.It has also been proposed in CH 695 037 A5 an articulated link bracelet in which at least one friction surface is of a material whose hardness is> 800HV, at least one other friction surface is made of a second material such as titanium alloy, ceramic.

Ce document ne permet pas de résoudre le problème d'usure des articulations. Il ne cherche d'ailleurs pas à résoudre ce problème. Il se trouve que dans l'exemple donné, si deux maillons sont en céramique, le frottement latéral entre les maillons réduira l'usure entre ces maillons. Par contre, l'usure entre ces maillons en céramique et les chevilles d'articulation ne sera pas réduite, au contraire. Par conséquent, l'usure de l'articulation n'est pas améliorée si seules certaines surfaces de frottement résistent mieux et d'autre pas, voire moins bien, comme on l'a vu précédemment.This document does not solve the problem of wear of the joints. He is not trying to solve this problem. It turns out that in the example given, if two links are ceramic, the lateral friction between the links will reduce the wear between these links. On the other hand, the wear between these ceramic links and the hinge pins will not be reduced, on the contrary. Therefore, the wear of the joint is not improved if only some friction surfaces resist better and other not, or less well, as has been seen previously.

Le but de la présente invention est de réduire l'usure des surfaces de frottement des articulations des bracelets à maillons métalliques.The object of the present invention is to reduce the wear of the friction surfaces of the joints of metal link bracelets.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un bracelet à maillons métalliques articulés selon la revendication 1.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is an articulated metal link bracelet according to claim 1.

Avantageusement la surface d'articulation est celle d'un élément en céramique frittée ou déposée sur un substrat, ou d'un mélange céramique-métal fritté ou déposé sur un substrat sous forme de couches métal céramique alternées.Advantageously, the hinge surface is that of a ceramic element sintered or deposited on a substrate, or a ceramic-metal mixture sintered or deposited on a substrate in the form of alternating ceramic metal layers.

Alternativement, une surface d'articulation est celle d'un substrat revêtu de carbone amorphe.Alternatively, a hinge surface is that of a substrate coated with amorphous carbon.

Les essais de simulation d'usure sur une longue durée dans des atmosphères corrosives et abrasives ont montré une nette diminution d'usure entre les surfaces d'articulation selon l'invention et l'état de la technique.Long-term wear simulation tests in corrosive and abrasive atmospheres have shown a marked reduction in wear between the hinge surfaces according to the invention and the state of the art.

Les dessins annexés illustrent, schématiquement et à titre d'exemple, différentes formes d'exécution du bracelet à maillons métalliques articulés objet de la présente invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue éclatée en perspective avec des parties en coupe d'une première forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une deuxième forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une troisième forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une quatrième forme d'exécution;
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues en perspective éclatée de deux variantes de la figure 4;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe selon les axes d'articulation des maillons du bracelet;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une cinquième forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 9 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une variante de la figure 8;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une sixième forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 11 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une variante de la figure 10;
  • la figure 12 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une septième forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 13 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une variante de la figure 12;
  • la figure 14 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une huitième forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 15 est une vue en coupe selon les axes d'articulation des maillons du bracelet, d'une neuvième forme d'exécution;
  • les figures 16A, 16B sont respectivement une vue en perspective éclatée et une vue en coupe selon les axes d'articulation des maillons du bracelet, d'une dixième forme d'exécution;
  • les figures 17A, 17B sont respectivement une vue en perspective éclatée et une vue en coupe selon les axes d'articulation des maillons du bracelet, d'une onzième forme d'exécution;
  • la figure 18 est un diagramme comparatif d'usure de différents couples de matériaux.
The accompanying drawings illustrate, schematically and by way of example, various embodiments of the articulated metal link bracelet object of the present invention.
  • The figure 1 is an exploded perspective view with sectional portions of a first embodiment;
  • the figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment;
  • the figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of a third embodiment;
  • the figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of a fourth embodiment;
  • the Figures 5 and 6 are exploded perspective views of two variants of the figure 4 ;
  • the figure 7 is a sectional view along the axes of articulation of the links of the bracelet;
  • the figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of a fifth embodiment;
  • the figure 9 is an exploded perspective view of a variant of the figure 8 ;
  • the figure 10 is an exploded perspective view of a sixth embodiment;
  • the figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of a variant of the figure 10 ;
  • the figure 12 is an exploded perspective view of a seventh embodiment;
  • the figure 13 is an exploded perspective view of a variant of the figure 12 ;
  • the figure 14 is an exploded perspective view of an eighth embodiment;
  • the figure 15 is a sectional view along the axes of articulation of the links of the bracelet, a ninth embodiment;
  • the Figures 16A, 16B are respectively an exploded perspective view and a sectional view along the axes of articulation of the links of the bracelet, a tenth embodiment;
  • the Figures 17A, 17B are respectively an exploded perspective view and a sectional view along the axes of articulation bracelet links, an eleventh embodiment;
  • the figure 18 is a comparative diagram of wear of different pairs of materials.

De nombreuses formes d'exécutions de la présente invention sont possibles. Toutes ces formes d'exécutions ont cependant un point commun, ne permettre le frottement qu'entre des matériaux identifiés pour leur compatibilité à frotter l'un contre l'autre avec un minimum d'usure, même en présence d'agents abrasifs et corrosifs, comme c'est le cas d'un bracelet de montre à maillons articulés, porté en toutes circonstances, sans que la moindre protection de ses éléments d'articulation ne soit possible. Toutes les formes d'exécutions illustrées ne représentent que des segments de bracelets à maillons, la formation de bracelets complets étant obtenue par l'addition de maillons ou d'ensembles de maillons solidaires, identiques à ceux illustrés, jusqu'à l'obtention d'une longueur de brin désirée. Les éléments de liaison des brins de bracelets à la boîte de montre, ainsi que le fermoir qui sert à relier les deux brins l'un à l'autre et qui, dans le cas de ce type de bracelet est généralement un fermoir dit « à boucle déployante », ne font pas partie de l'invention. Aussi, ils n'ont pas été représentés. Ceci n'empêche évidemment pas que les surfaces d'articulations entre les maillons du bracelet et les éléments adjacents du fermoir peuvent utiliser les couples de matériaux selon la présente invention, celle-ci se rapportant à toutes les articulations des différents éléments d'un bracelet à maillon, y compris donc à son articulation avec le fermoir et éventuellement la boîte de montre.Many embodiments of the present invention are possible. All these forms of execution have one thing in common, however, to allow friction between materials identified for their compatibility to rub against each other with a minimum of wear, even in the presence of abrasive and corrosive agents. , as is the case of an articulated link wristwatch, worn in all circumstances, without any protection of its hinge elements is possible. All the illustrated embodiments represent only segments of link bracelets, the formation of complete bracelets being obtained by the addition of links or sets of integral links, identical to those illustrated, until obtaining a desired length of strand. The connecting elements of the strands of bracelets to the watch case, as well as the clasp which serves to connect the two strands to one another and which, in the case of this type of bracelet is generally a clasp said "to folding clasp ", do not form part of the invention. Also, they were not represented. This obviously does not prevent the joint surfaces between the links of the bracelet and the adjacent elements of the clasp can use the pairs of materials according to the present invention, it relates to all the joints of the different elements of a bracelet link, including its articulation with the clasp and possibly the watch case.

Dans la forme d'exécution illustrée par la figure 1, on a représenté deux maillons de centre MC et quatre maillons de bord MB, formant deux ensembles de maillons solidaires articulés l'un à l'autre. Dans cet exemple, ces maillons sont en un matériau qui n'est pas susceptible de réduire l'usure lorsqu'il frotte contre une surface dont la dureté est > 800HV, telle qu'une surface en céramique ou en un mélange céramique-métal.In the embodiment illustrated by the figure 1 two center links MC and four edge links MB are shown forming two sets of integral links. articulated to each other. In this example, these links are of a material that is not likely to reduce wear when it rubs against a surface whose hardness is> 800HV, such as a ceramic surface or a ceramic-metal mixture.

Les maillons de centre MC sont décalés dans le sens longitudinal du bracelet par rapport aux deux rangées de maillons de bord MB, en sorte qu'un maillon de centre MC se situe à cheval vis-à-vis de deux maillons de bord MB de chaque rangée. Un maillon de centre MC comporte trois passages transversaux, dont deux reçoivent chacun un élément de liaison 1 constitué par une tige dont les deux parties d'extrémités de plus petits diamètres dépassent de chaque côté du maillon de centre MC. Les parties saillantes des éléments de liaison 1 sont destinées à être chassées dans des trous borgnes 2 de deux maillons de bords MB qui se font face. De ce fait, un maillon de centre MC forme un ensemble solidaire avec les deux maillons de bord MB dans lesquels les extrémités saillantes des éléments de liaison 1 sont chassées.The center links MC are offset in the longitudinal direction of the bracelet relative to the two rows of edge links MB, so that one center link MC is astride two edge links MB of each row. A center link MC has three transverse passages, two of which each receive a connecting element 1 constituted by a rod whose two end portions of smaller diameters protrude on each side of the center link MC. The protruding parts of the connecting elements 1 are intended to be driven into blind holes 2 of two links of edges MB which face each other. As a result, a center link MC forms a unitary assembly with the two edge links MB in which the projecting ends of the connecting elements 1 are driven out.

L'articulation est donc réalisée entre deux ensembles de maillons solidaires adjacents, comportant chacun un maillon de centre MC décalé longitudinalement par rapport à deux maillons de bords MB alignés transversalement au bracelet.The joint is thus made between two sets of adjacent integral links, each having a center link MC offset longitudinally with respect to two MB edge links aligned transversely to the bracelet.

Le maillon de centre MC de cet ensemble de maillons solidaires comprenant un maillon de centre MC et deux maillons de bord MB est articulé à deux maillons de bord d'un même ensemble de maillons solidaires adjacents. A cet effet, un élément de palier rapporté, dans cet exemple, formé par un tube 3 en céramique frittée ou en un mélange céramique métal fritté est engagé à l'intérieur du troisième passage transversal 4 du maillon de centre MC. La céramique choisie sera avantageusement de la zircone. Un axe 5 est engagé librement dans ce tube 3 et ses extrémités sont chassées dans deux trous borgnes 6 des deux maillons de bord MB de l'ensemble de maillons solidaires adjacent.The center link MC of this set of integral links comprising a center link MC and two edge links MB is articulated to two edge links of the same set of adjacent integral links. For this purpose, an insert bearing element, in this example, formed by a sintered ceramic tube 3 or a sintered metal ceramic mixture is engaged inside the third transverse passage 4 of the center link MC. The ceramic chosen will advantageously be zirconia. An axis 5 is freely engaged in this tube 3 and its ends are driven in two blind holes 6 of the two edge links MB of the adjacent integral link assembly.

Si le bracelet est en un acier standard pour bracelet, tel que l'acier 316L, il faut que le tube 3, en céramique frittée ou en un mélange céramique métal fritté, soit fixé au maillon de centre MC, par chassage ou par collage par exemple.If the bracelet is made of a standard steel for a bracelet, such as 316L steel, it is necessary that the tube 3, made of sintered ceramic or in a sintered metal ceramic mixture, be fixed to the center link MC, by driving or by gluing by example.

Un second axe d'articulation 5 ou 5a si, comme illustré sur la figure 1, l'axe d'articulation 5a est un axe dont une partie d'extrémité est une tête de vis et l'autre partie d'extrémité est filetée pour se visser dans une ouverture 6a du maillon de bord MB de réglage, alors que l'ouverture 6b pour la tête de vis traverse le maillon de bord MB de réglage. Ces axes 5a et les maillons de bord MB de réglage munis des ouvertures 6a, 6b sont destinés à permettre un réglage de la longueur du bracelet par enlèvement ou ajout de maillons de bords MB et d'axes 5a de réglage. Ceci est vrai pour toutes les formes d'exécutions, en sorte que ce système de réglage, par ailleurs classique dans ce type de bracelet, ne sera plus décrit. Lorsqu'il ne s'agit pas de permettre le réglage, l'axe d'articulation à vis 5a est remplacé par un axe d'articulation normal 5.A second axis of articulation 5 or 5a if, as illustrated on the figure 1 the hinge pin 5a is an axis of which an end portion is a screw head and the other end portion is threaded to screw into an opening 6a of the adjusting edge link MB, while the opening 6b for the screw head passes through the adjusting edge link MB. These axes 5a and the adjusting edge links MB with openings 6a, 6b are intended to allow adjustment of the length of the bracelet by removal or addition of edge links MB and adjustment axes 5a. This is true for all forms of execution, so that this adjustment system, moreover conventional in this type of bracelet, will no longer be described. When it is not a question of allowing adjustment, the hinge axis 5a is replaced by a normal hinge axis 5.

Si l'axe d'articulation est un axe 5, il est destiné à être fixé dans les ouvertures 6 des deux maillons de bords MB opposés pour l'articulation d'un ensemble de maillons solidaires MC, MB adjacent comme représenté.If the axis of articulation is an axis 5, it is intended to be fixed in the openings 6 of the two opposite edge links MB for the articulation of a set of integral links MC, MB adjacent as shown.

Les axes d'articulations 5, 5a sont réalisés en un des matériaux qui permet de réduire l'usure par frottement avec les tubes de céramique ou d'un mélange céramique métal frittés 3. Un de ces matériaux est un alliage de cobalt. Parmi les autres matériaux aptes à réduire l'usure par frottement avec le tube 3, dans les conditions auxquelles sont susceptibles d'être soumis les bracelets de montres au cours de leur usage, on peut mentionner les aciers inox sans nickel, l'or et les alliages d'or, le platine et les alliages de platine, le titane et les alliages de titane, ainsi que tous les platinoïdes et leurs alliages. Le choix du matériau se fait essentiellement en fonction du ou des matériaux utilisés pour confectionner les maillons MB, MC.The hinge pins 5, 5a are made of one of the materials which makes it possible to reduce the frictional wear with the sintered ceramic ceramic tubes or metal ceramic mixture 3. One of these materials is a cobalt alloy. Among the other materials capable of reducing frictional wear with the tube 3, under the conditions to which the wristbands of During their use, mention may be made of nickel-free stainless steels, gold and gold alloys, platinum and platinum alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, and all platinoids and their alloys. The choice of material is essentially based on the material or materials used to make links MB, MC.

Dans la forme d'exécution illustrée par la figure 2, le tube en céramique frittée 3 de la première forme d'exécution est remplacé ici par deux tubes paliers 13 plus courts disposés de part et d'autre de la partie centrale de plus grand diamètre de l'axe d'articulation 15. Les positions axiales respectives de ces tubes paliers 13 sont définies par les portées entre la partie centrale de l'axe d'articulation 15 et les parties adjacentes sur lesquelles les paliers 13 sont montés. Les tubes paliers 13 sont chassés ou collés dans l'ouverture 14 du maillon de centre MC en laissant un très faible jeu (quelques centièmes de mm) entre les tubes paliers 13 et les portées de la partie centrale de l'axe d'articulation 15.In the embodiment illustrated by the figure 2 , the sintered ceramic tube 3 of the first embodiment is replaced here by two shorter bearing tubes 13 disposed on either side of the central portion of larger diameter of the hinge axis 15. The positions respective axial axes of these bearing tubes 13 are defined by the bearing surfaces between the central part of the hinge axis 15 and the adjacent parts on which the bearings 13 are mounted. The bearing tubes 13 are driven out or glued into the opening 14 of the center link MC leaving a very small clearance (a few hundredths of a millimeter) between the bearing tubes 13 and the bearing surfaces of the central part of the hinge pin 15 .

De leur côté, les extrémités de l'axe d'articulation 15 sont chassées dans les ouvertures 16 des maillons de bord MB, en faisant en sorte de ménager un jeu entre les faces latérales des maillons de bord MB et les faces latérales du maillon de centre MC. Ce jeu est choisi très légèrement plus grand que le jeu entre les tubes paliers 13 et les portées de la partie centrale de l'axe d'articulation 15, en sorte que les faces latérales des maillons MB et MC ne peuvent pas se toucher et que le frottement latéral ne se produit qu'entre les tubes paliers en céramique 13 et les portées de la partie centrale de l'axe d'articulation qui est, suivant la nature du matériau dont sont formés les maillons MC, MB, en alliage de cobalt, en acier inox sans nickel, en alliage d'or, en alliage de platine ou encore en alliage de platinoïde ou en alliage de titane.On their side, the ends of the hinge pin 15 are driven into the openings 16 of the edge links MB, so as to provide a clearance between the lateral faces of the edge links MB and the lateral faces of the link member. MC center. This game is chosen very slightly larger than the clearance between the bearing tubes 13 and the bearing surfaces of the central part of the hinge pin 15, so that the lateral faces of the links MB and MC can not touch each other and that the lateral friction only occurs between the ceramic bearing tubes 13 and the bearing surfaces of the central part of the hinge pin which, depending on the nature of the material of which the links MC, MB, are formed of cobalt alloy , in nickel-free stainless steel, in gold alloy, in platinum alloy or platinoid alloy or titanium alloy.

Le diamètre de la partie centrale de l'axe d'articulation 15 est évidemment plus petit que celui de l'ouverture 14 du maillon de centre MC, en sorte que les frottements entre les surfaces cylindriques ne se produisent qu'entre les faces internes des tubes paliers et les portions d'arbre de pivotement 15 qui traversent les tubes paliers respectifs 13.The diameter of the central part of the hinge axis 15 is obviously smaller than that of the opening 14 of the center link MC, so that the friction between the cylindrical surfaces occurs only between the inner faces of the bearing tubes and pivot shaft portions 15 which pass through the respective bearing tubes 13.

La forme d'exécution illustrée par la figure 3 vise au même but que la précédente. Toutefois, dans ce cas, les tubes paliers 23 sont entièrement logés, fixés ou non suivant la nature du matériau dont sont faits les maillons, dans les maillons de bords MB. Contrairement à la forme d'exécution de la figure 2, les axes de pivotement 25 ne sont pas fixés dans les maillons de bords MB, mais dans le maillon de centre MC. Le frottement latéral se produit entre une extrémité du tube palier 23 et une portée de l'axe d'articulation 25 qui est dans un des matériaux apte à réduire l'usure avec le tube palier en céramique ou en un mélange céramique métal fritté. Selon une variante, le tube palier pourrait être en métal revêtu, de carbone amorphe, aussi appelé DLC (diamond like carbon), de céramique ou de couches alternées de céramique et de métal déposées par PVD (dépôt physique en phase vapeur).The form of execution illustrated by the figure 3 aims at the same goal as the previous one. However, in this case, the bearing tubes 23 are completely housed, fixed or not depending on the nature of the material of which the links are made, in the edge links MB. Unlike the execution form of the figure 2 the pivot axes 25 are not fixed in the edge links MB, but in the center link MC. Lateral friction occurs between one end of the bearing tube 23 and a bearing surface of the hinge pin 25 which is in one of the materials capable of reducing wear with the ceramic bearing tube or a sintered metal ceramic mixture. Alternatively, the bearing tube could be coated metal, amorphous carbon, also called DLC (diamond like carbon), ceramic or alternating layers of ceramic and metal deposited by PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition).

La forme d'exécution de la figure 4 comporte un tube palier 33 fixé dans un maillon de centre MC. L'axe d'articulation 35 est ici divisé en deux parties. Chaque partie de cet axe d'articulation comporte un segment de plus grand diamètre, chassé dans un maillon de bord MB et une partie de plus petit diamètre, engagée librement dans le tube palier 33, de sorte qu'une fois assemblé la distance entre les segments de plus grand diamètre soit égale à la longueur du tube augmentée d'un jeu fonctionnel permettant le pivotement des maillons. Le tube palier 33 est en céramique frittée, ou en un mélange céramique métal, l'axe d'articulation est en un des matériaux susmentionnés pour réduire l'usure avec le tube en céramique. Comme dans les formes d'exécutions des figures 2 et 3, le frottement latéral se fait entre les extrémités du tube palier 33 et les portées entre les segments de diamètres différents de l'axe d'articulation 35 en deux parties.The form of execution of the figure 4 comprises a bearing tube 33 fixed in a center link MC. The hinge axis 35 is here divided into two parts. Each part of this hinge axis comprises a segment of larger diameter, driven in an edge link MB and a part of smaller diameter, freely engaged in the bearing tube 33, so that once assembled the distance between the segments of larger diameter is equal to the length of the tube increased by a functional game allowing the pivoting of the links. The bearing tube 33 is made of sintered ceramic, or a metal ceramic mixture, the hinge pin is in one of the abovementioned materials to reduce wear with the ceramic tube. As in the forms of executions of Figures 2 and 3 , the lateral friction is between the ends of the bearing tube 33 and the bearing between the segments of different diameters of the hinge axis 35 in two parts.

En variante, comme illustré par la figure 5, on peut remplacer les deux demi-axes de pivotement par un axe d'articulation 45 comportant un segment de plus grand diamètre chassé dans un maillon de bord MB et un segment de plus petit diamètre engagé librement dans le tube palier 43 et une douille 45a chassée dans le maillon de bord MB situé en face du maillon de bord dans lequel le segment de plus grand diamètre de l'axe d'articulation 45 est chassé. En réglant la pénétration du chassage de l'axe d'articulation 45 et de la douille 45a, on peut faire en sorte que les frottements latéraux se produisent exclusivement entre les extrémités du tube palier 43 et la portée de l'axe d'articulation 45 d'une part et l'extrémité de la douille 45a d'autre part.Alternatively, as illustrated by figure 5 the two pivotal half-axes can be replaced by an articulation pin 45 comprising a segment of larger diameter driven in an edge link MB and a segment of smaller diameter freely engaged in the bearing tube 43 and a sleeve 45a. driven in the edge link MB located opposite the edge link in which the larger diameter segment of the hinge axis 45 is driven. By adjusting the penetration of the hinge axis 45 and the bushing 45a, it can be ensured that the lateral friction occurs exclusively between the ends of the bearing tube 43 and the bearing surface of the hinge pin 45 on the one hand and the end of the sleeve 45a on the other hand.

Dans la variante de la figure 6, le tube palier 53 est divisé en deux demi tubes plus courts pour éviter le chassage sur toute la largeur du maillon de centre MC.In the variant of the figure 6 , the bearing tube 53 is divided into two half-tubes shorter to avoid the chase over the entire width of the MC center link.

La figure 7 illustre un dispositif de réglage de longueur du bracelet. A cet effet, l'axe d'articulation 66 présente un filetage 66a à une extrémité et une tête de vis 66b à l'extrémité opposée. Pour éviter le frottement latéral entre les maillons de bord MB et le maillon de centre MC, deux petits tubes paliers 65 sont chassés dans les maillons de bords MB. Le frottement latéral se produit entre ces tubes paliers 65 et les tubes paliers 63 chassés dans le maillon de centre MC.The figure 7 illustrates a device for adjusting the length of the bracelet. For this purpose, the hinge axis 66 has a thread 66a at one end and a screw head 66b at the opposite end. To avoid lateral friction between the edge links MB and the center link MC, two small bearing tubes 65 are driven into the edge links MB. Lateral friction occurs between these bearing tubes 65 and the bearing tubes 63 driven into the center link MC.

Dans la forme d'exécution de la figure 8, le ou les tubes paliers sont remplacés par des billes 73 qui sont prises en sandwich entre deux douilles 75 chassées dans un maillon de centre MC et deux douilles 75a chassées respectivement dans les deux maillons de bords MB adjacents. Les maillons de bords MB sont assemblés par chassage des éléments de liaison 71 qui maintiennent les billes 73 en contact avec les bords annulaires des douilles 75, 75a qui forment avantageusement des surfaces tronconiques.In the form of execution of the figure 8 , the bearing tube (s) are replaced by balls 73 which are taken sandwiched between two bushes 75 driven in a center link MC and two bushes 75a driven respectively in the two links of adjacent edges MB. The edge links MB are assembled by driving the connecting elements 71 which hold the balls 73 in contact with the annular edges of the bushes 75, 75a which advantageously form frustoconical surfaces.

Dans la variante de la figure 9, on a deux organes de frottement en forme de lentilles. L'un 83 est en céramique et est placé dans un logement 84 ménagé dans chaque face latérale du maillon de centre MC de l'un des ensembles solidaires. Sa face de contact bombée fait saillie de la face latérale du maillon de centre (MC). L'autre organe en forme de lentille 85 est dans un des matériaux susmentionnés choisi pour sa faible usure par frottement avec la céramique et est logée dans un logement 84a ménagé dans la face latérale interne de chaque maillon de bord MB, sa face bombée faisant saillie de cette face latérale pour venir en contact avec la face bombée de l'organe en céramique 83. Le tout est maintenu par les éléments de liaison 81 chassés dans les deux maillons de bords. Suivant le matériau dont sont formés les maillons, les lentilles 83, 85 sont fixées dans leur logements 84, 84a, par exemple par collage.In the variant of the figure 9 there are two friction members in the form of lenses. One 83 is ceramic and is placed in a housing 84 formed in each side face of the center link MC of one of the integral assemblies. Its convex contact face protrudes from the lateral face of the center link (MC). The other lens-shaped member 85 is in one of the abovementioned materials chosen for its low frictional wear with the ceramic and is housed in a housing 84a formed in the inner side face of each edge link MB, with its domed surface projecting this side face to come into contact with the convex face of the ceramic member 83. The whole is maintained by the connecting elements 81 driven in the two links of edges. Depending on the material of which the links are formed, the lenses 83, 85 are fixed in their housing 84, 84a, for example by gluing.

En général, il est préférable que le tube palier soit solidaire du maillon et ne puisse pas tourner ni translater dans celui-ci. Dans les exemples précédents, on a parlé de chassage ou de collage. Le chassage d'un tube en céramique n'est pas facile à réaliser. Aussi les formes d'exécution des figures 10 à 14 sont des alternatives de moyens de fixation. La figure 10 se rapporte à un tube palier 93 muni de surfaces évidées 93a pour coopérer avec des clavettes de blocage 90, en plastique de préférence, engagées dans des ouvertures 94a adjacentes et communicantes avec un passage transversal 94 recevant le tube palier 93, ajustées serrées entre le tube et l'axe 91.In general, it is preferable that the bearing tube is integral with the link and can not rotate or translate therein. In the previous examples, we talked about chasing or gluing. Hunting a ceramic tube is not easy to perform. Also the forms of execution of Figures 10 to 14 are alternative means of attachment. The figure 10 relates to a bearing tube 93 provided with recessed surfaces 93a to cooperate with locking keys 90, preferably of plastic, engaged in adjacent openings 94a and communicating with a transverse passage 94 receiving the bearing tube 93, fitted tightly between the tube and the shaft 91.

Une autre façon de solidariser le tube palier 103 dans le maillon de centre MC consiste à réaliser un tube sous la forme d'un profilé de céramique frittée dont la section non circulaire présente une excroissance comme illustré par la figure 11. La section de ce profilé 103 correspond à une portion de la section du passage 104 ménagé transversalement au maillon de centre MC. L'excroissance de la section doit être suffisante pour venir en contact avec les maillons MB et bloquer ainsi la translation du tube profilé. L'axe d'articulation 105 est semblable aux axes d'articulations des figures 5, 6 et 10, avec un segment d'extrémité de plus grand diamètre chassé dans un maillon de bord MB situé d'un côté du maillon de centre MC, une douille 105a étant chassée dans le maillon de bord MB situé de l'autre côté du maillon de centre MC. Cette douille 105a et la portée entre le segment de plus grand diamètre et le segment de plus petit diamètre de l'axe d'articulation 105 servent au frottement latéral avec les extrémités du tube palier profilé 103, dont la longueur est très légèrement supérieure à la largeur du maillon de centre MC.Another way of securing the bearing tube 103 in the center link MC consists of producing a tube in the form of a sintered ceramic profile whose non-circular section has an outgrowth as illustrated by FIG. figure 11 . The section of this section 103 corresponds to a portion of the section of the passage 104 formed transversely to the center link MC. The protrusion of the section must be sufficient to come into contact with the links MB and thus block the translation of the profiled tube. The axis of articulation 105 is similar to the axes of joints of the Figures 5, 6 and 10 with a larger diameter end segment driven into an edge link MB on one side of the center link MC, a bushing 105a being driven into the edge link MB located on the other side of the center link MC. This bushing 105a and the span between the larger diameter segment and the smaller diameter segment of the hinge axis 105 serve for lateral friction with the ends of the profiled bearing tube 103, the length of which is slightly greater than the width of center link MC.

Dans le cas de la figure 12, le maillon de centre MC est un profilé creux dans le sens transversal, dans l'ouverture 117 duquel est introduit un insert en céramique frittée ou en mélange céramique métal 113, dont la section est exactement complémentaire, au jeu près, de celle de l'ouverture 117 du profilé creux formant le maillon de centre MC. L'insert 113 comporte trois passages 114, deux pour les éléments de liaison 111 dont les extrémités sont chassées dans les maillons de bords MB des deux rangées externes du bracelet et un passage 114 pour l'axe d'articulation 115, identique à l'axe d'articulation des figures 5, 6, 10, 11. Comme dans toutes les formes d'exécutions précédentes, le matériau de l'axe d'articulation 115 et de la douille 115a est en un des matériaux mentionnés précédemment pour frotter avec l'insert en céramique fritté ou en céramique métal fritté. Avantageusement, cet axe d'articulation 115 et la douille 115a seront du même métal ou alliage que les maillons du bracelet lorsque celui-ci est en alliage d'or, de platine ou de platinoïde. Il sera de préférence en acier inox sans nickel si les maillons sont en acier, voire si certains maillons sont en acier et d'autres sont en alliage d'or. Il pourra aussi être en un métal revêtu de carbone amorphe.In the case of figure 12 , the center link MC is a hollow section in the transverse direction, in the opening 117 of which is introduced a sintered ceramic or ceramic ceramic insert 113, the section of which is exactly complementary, with the clearance, to that of the opening 117 of the hollow section forming the center link MC. The insert 113 has three passages 114, two for the connecting elements 111 whose ends are driven in the edge links MB of the two outer rows of the bracelet and a passage 114 for the hinge axis 115, identical to the axis of articulation of Figures 5, 6 , 10, 11 . As in all In the above embodiments, the material of the hinge pin 115 and the bushing 115a is made of one of the aforementioned materials for rubbing with the sintered ceramic or sintered metal ceramic insert. Advantageously, this hinge axis 115 and the sleeve 115a will be of the same metal or alloy as the links of the bracelet when the latter is a gold alloy, platinum or platinoid. It will preferably be made of nickel-free stainless steel if the links are made of steel, or if certain links are made of steel and others are made of gold alloy. It can also be made of a metal coated with amorphous carbon.

Dans la variante de la figure 13, les inserts 123 sont en deux parties chassées aux deux extrémités de l'ouverture du profilé creux formant le maillon de centre MC, de manière à privilégier le contact avec les portées des axes d'articulation 125 et 125a et les inserts. Le reste de cette variante est identique à la forme d'exécution de la figure 12.In the variant of the figure 13 , the inserts 123 are in two parts driven at both ends of the opening of the hollow section forming the center link MC, so as to favor contact with the bearing surfaces of the hinge pins 125 and 125a and the inserts. The rest of this variant is identical to the execution form of the figure 12 .

La variante de la figure 14 diffère de la précédente essentiellement par le fait qu'un ressort 138 travaillant en compression est interposé entre les deux inserts 133 en céramique frittée ou en mélange céramique métal fritté, exerçant ainsi un contact privilégié entre un insert 133 et la douille 135a chassée dans un maillon de bord MB et qui est coaxiale à l'axe d'articulation 135, ainsi qu'entre l'autre insert 133 et la portée entre le segment de plus grand diamètre de l'axe d'articulation 135 et son segment de plus petit diamètre.The variant of the figure 14 differs from the preceding essentially in that a spring 138 working in compression is interposed between the two inserts 133 sintered ceramic or sintered metal ceramic mixture, thus exerting a privileged contact between an insert 133 and the socket 135a driven into a link MB and which is coaxial with the hinge axis 135, and between the other insert 133 and the range between the larger diameter segment of the hinge pin 135 and its smaller diameter segment .

La forme d'exécution illustrée par la figure 15 se rapporte plus spécialement à un bracelet dont les maillons sont réalisés en métal ou alliage de métal précieux. Dans ce cas, les axes d'articulations 145 sont avantageusement dans le même métal ou alliage que celui des maillons et sont de préférence brasés dans les maillons de bord MB. Les paliers 143 sont des petits tubes de céramique frittée, montés libres dans les passages transversaux 144 des maillons de centre MC, étant donné que le frottement entre la céramique et un alliage d'or ou de platinoïde est favorable du point de vue de la réduction de l'usure.The form of execution illustrated by the figure 15 refers more specifically to a bracelet whose links are made of metal or alloy of precious metal. In this case, the hinge pins 145 are advantageously in the same metal or alloy as that of the links and are preferably brazed in the edge links MB. The bearings 143 are small sintered ceramic tubes, mounted free in the transverse passages 144 of the center links MC, since the friction between the ceramic and a gold or platinoid alloy is favorable from the point of view of the reduction of the wear.

On a représenté sur la figure 15 le cas où un axe de pivotement est constitué par une vis 145a permettant alors d'ajouter ou d'enlever des maillons pour un réglage de la longueur du bracelet.We have shown on the figure 15 the case where a pivot axis is constituted by a screw 145a then allowing to add or remove links for adjustment of the length of the bracelet.

Les figures 16A, 16B illustrent une variante d'un bracelet dont les maillons et les axes d'articulations sont en alliage d'or ou de platinoïde. Ce bracelet présente cinq rangées avec des maillons décalés alternativement d'une rangée à l'autre. Ce bracelet comporte donc deux rangées de maillons de bords MB et trois rangées de maillons de centre MC, MC1, MC2. Deux inserts en céramique ou en mélange céramique métal 153 sont logés dans les maillons de centre MC1, MC2 et présentent des passages transversaux 154 pour les axes d'articulation 155.The Figures 16A, 16B illustrate a variant of a bracelet whose links and axes of articulation are made of gold alloy or platinoid. This bracelet has five rows with links alternately shifted from one row to another. This bracelet thus comprises two rows of MB edge links and three rows of center links MC, MC 1 , MC 2 . Two ceramic or metal ceramic mixture inserts 153 are housed in the center links MC 1 , MC 2 and have transverse passages 154 for the hinge pins 155.

Pour un même type de bracelet à cinq rangées de maillons alternés, mais en acier, il y a autant de tubes 163 que le produit du nombre de maillons par le nombre d'axes d'articulations 165, soit dans la portion de bracelet illustrée par les figures 17A, 17B, dix tubes. Les extrémités des axes d'articulations 165 sont fixées dans les maillons de bords MB. Ici, on a représenté l'un des axes 165a sous la forme d'une vis pour permettre le réglage de longueur par enlèvement ou adjonction de maillons.For the same type of bracelet with five rows of alternating links, but made of steel, there are as many tubes 163 as the product of the number of links by the number of axes of joints 165, ie in the bracelet portion illustrated by the Figures 17A, 17B , ten tubes. The ends of the hinge pins 165 are fixed in the edge links MB. Here, one of the axes 165a is shown in the form of a screw to allow the adjustment of length by removal or addition of links.

Les dimensions des paliers 163, transversalement au bracelet sont choisies pour que les frottement latéraux entre les maillons se produisent exclusivement entre les faces d'extrémités des paliers 163, qui sont fixés dans les maillons MB, MC, MC1, MC2. Ainsi tous les frottements se produisent entre ces paliers 163 ou entre les paliers et les axes d'articulations 165 qui sont de préférence en un alliage de cobalt. Ces axes pourraient aussi être en acier inox sans nickel ou encore en un autre métal revêtu de carbone amorphe ou de céramique.The dimensions of the bearings 163 transverse to the strap are chosen so that the lateral friction between the links occurs exclusively between the end faces of the bearings 163, which are fixed in the links MB, MC, MC 1 , MC 2 . So all the friction is produced between these bearings 163 or between the bearings and the axes of joints 165 which are preferably made of a cobalt alloy. These axes could also be nickel-free stainless steel or another metal coated with amorphous carbon or ceramic.

Les matériaux susceptibles de réduire l'usure par frottement avec une surface de frottement dont la dureté est >800HV ont été étudiés à l'aide d'un tribomètre comportant un disque réalisé en l'un des matériaux à tester contre lequel un bras applique une bille dans l'autre des matériaux à tester, avec une force déterminée. On mesure la différence de diamètre de l'empreinte sur la bille et la profondeur de la rainure sur le disque et on calcule le volume usé total des deux matériaux.Materials which can reduce frictional wear with a friction surface with a hardness> 800HV were studied using a tribometer with a disc made of one of the test materials against which an arm applies a ball in the other of the test materials, with a determined force. The difference in the diameter of the impression on the ball and the depth of the groove on the disc is measured and the total used volume of the two materials is calculated.

Une série de tests comparatifs a été réalisée. Les résultats de ces tests sont représentés sur le diagramme de la figure 18. En abscisse on a représenté quatre tests comparatifs A, B, C, D et en ordonnée on a représenté le volume usé en µm3. Les tests sont réalisés en tentant de reproduire les conditions réelle dans lesquelles un bracelet de montre est utilisé. A cet effet, les tests sont réalisés avec un additif particulier et sous atmosphère contrôlée. L'additif est constitué par un abrasif (poudre de silice) dans une matrice d'huile organique.A series of comparative tests was carried out. The results of these tests are shown in the diagram of the figure 18 . On the abscissa, four comparative tests A, B, C, D have been represented, and the ordinate shows the volume used in μm 3 . The tests are performed by attempting to reproduce the actual conditions in which a watchband is used. For this purpose, the tests are carried out with a particular additive and under a controlled atmosphere. The additive consists of an abrasive (silica powder) in an organic oil matrix.

A1 correspond à l'usure par frottement entre un disque en acier inox austénitique avec nickel, standard dans le domaine des bracelets de montres, tel que le 316L et une bille en alliage cobaltA 1 corresponds to the frictional wear between an austenitic stainless steel disk with nickel, standard in the field of watchbands, such as 316L and a cobalt alloy ball

A2 correspond à l'usure par frottement entre une même bille en alliage cobalt frottant contre un disque de zircone frittée.A 2 corresponds to the frictional wear between the same cobalt alloy ball rubbing against a sintered zirconia disk.

A3 correspond à l'usure par frottement entre un disque en or 18k et une bille en alliage cobalt.A 3 corresponds to the frictional wear between an 18k gold disc and a cobalt alloy ball.

B1 correspond à l'usure par frottement d'une bille en or jaune 18k contre un disque en acier inox austénitique avec nickel.B 1 corresponds to the frictional wear of an 18k yellow gold ball against an austenitic stainless steel disk with nickel.

B2 correspond à l'usure par frottement d'une bille en or jaune 18k contre un disque en zircone frittée.B 2 corresponds to the frictional wear of an 18k yellow gold ball against a sintered zirconia disk.

B3 correspond à l'usure par frottement d'une bille en or jaune 18k contre un disque en or jaune 18k.B 3 corresponds to the friction wear of an 18k yellow gold ball against an 18k yellow gold disc.

C1 correspond à l'usure par frottement d'une bille en titane contre un disque en acier inox austénitique avec nickel.C 1 corresponds to the friction wear of a titanium ball against an austenitic stainless steel disk with nickel.

C2 correspond à l'usure par frottement d'une bille en titane contre un disque en zircone frittée.C 2 is the frictional wear of a titanium ball against a sintered zirconia disk.

D2 correspond à l'usure par frottement d'une bille en platine contre un disque en zircone frittée.D 2 corresponds to the frictional wear of a platinum ball against a sintered zirconia disk.

D4 correspond à l'usure par frottement d'une bille en platine contre un disque en platine.D 4 corresponds to the frictional wear of a platinum ball against a platinum disc.

Claims (18)

  1. Strap with articulated links, in particular for a watch, comprising at least three adjacent longitudinal rows of links (MB, MC) offset longitudinally from one adjacent row to another and connected and positioned by transverse passages which receive connecting rods, strap in which each joint comprises, on the one hand, friction surfaces with axial guidance and, on the other hand, friction surfaces with lateral guidance, of which some friction surfaces are made of a first material of which the hardness is >800HV, characterized in that all the friction surfaces of each joint consist of a pair of materials formed from said first material and a second material selected from the following materials: ceramic, ceramic-metal composite, amorphous carbon, stainless steel without nickel, cobalt alloy, gold, gold alloy, platinum, platinum alloy, platinoid, platinoid alloys, titanium, titanium alloy, each of the pairs of materials making it possible to reduce substantially the wear between said friction surfaces relative to any other pair of materials.
  2. Strap according to Claim 1, in which one of said friction surfaces (3, 13, 23...163) is that of at least one attached bearing element made of sintered ceramic, or a sintered ceramic-metal composite.
  3. Strap according to Claim 1 in which one of said friction surfaces (3, 13, 23...163) comprises a substrate coated with one of the following materials: ceramic, ceramic-metal, amorphous carbon.
  4. Strap according to one of the preceding claims, in which the links are metal links.
  5. Strap according to one of the preceding claims, of which the hinge pins (165) are in said second material, their ends being fixed in the edge links (MB) and passing through at least one bearing of said first material (163).
  6. Strap according to one of the preceding claims, in which two edge links (MB) aligned transversely and a central link (MC) offset longitudinally form a first assembly, articulated to a similar second adjacent assembly, one of said friction surfaces being that of a hinge pin (15) of which the ends are fixed to the two edge links (MB) of the first assembly and of which the central part has a segment of greater diameter creating two bearing surfaces, two bearing tubes (13), forming at least one other friction surface and in which said hinge pin (15) is engaged, being fixed in a transverse passage passing through a part offset longitudinally of the link (MC) of the central row of the second adjacent assembly, on both sides of the central segment of greater diameter of said pin.
  7. Strap according to one of Claims 1 - 4, in which two edge links (MB) aligned transversely and a central link (MC) offset longitudinally form a first fixed assembly, articulated to a second similar adjacent fixed assembly, one of said friction surfaces being that of a hinge pin (15) of which the central part comprises a segment of greater diameter fixed to the central link (MC) and creating two bearing surfaces, two bearing tubes (13), forming at least one further friction surface and in which said hinge pin (15) is engaged, being fixed in a transverse passage made respectively in the two edge links (MB) of the second adjacent fixed assembly, on both sides of the central segment of greater diameter of said pin, of which the bearing surfaces are used as abutments for said bearing tubes (13) to provide the lateral friction between the fixed assemblies.
  8. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which two edge links (MB) aligned transversely and a central link (MC) offset longitudinally form a first fixed assembly, articulated to a second similar adjacent fixed assembly, one of said friction surfaces being that of a hinge pin in two parts (35) each comprising a segment of greater diameter, fixed in an edge link MB of the first fixed assembly and a segment of smaller diameter, freely engaged in a bearing tube (33) forming at least one further friction surface and transversely passing through the central link of the second fixed assembly, the lateral friction being created between the ends of the bearing tube (33) and the bearing surfaces between the segments of different diameters of the hinge pin (35) in two parts.
  9. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which two edge links (MB) aligned transversely and a central link (MC) offset longitudinally form a first fixed assembly, articulated to a second similar adjacent fixed assembly and in which one of said friction surfaces is that of a hinge pin (45) comprising a segment of greater diameter fixed in an edge link (MB) of the first fixed assembly and a segment of smaller diameter freely engaged in a bearing tube (43, 53) forming at least one further friction surface and transversely passing through the central link of the second fixed assembly, a sleeve (45a, 55a) forming at least one further friction surface being fixed in the other edge link (MB) of the first fixed assembly, in which the lateral friction is produced between the ends of the bearing tube (43, 53) and the bearing surface of the hinge pin (45, 55), on the one hand, and the end of the sleeve (45a, 55a), on the other hand.
  10. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which two edge links (MB) aligned transversely and a central link (MC) offset longitudinally form a first fixed assembly, articulated to a second similar adjacent fixed assembly, the friction surfaces of the each articulation comprising, on the one hand, balls (73) made of one of the two materials, arranged between each lateral end of the projecting part of the central link (MC) and the adjacent lateral faces of the edge links (MB) of the second adjacent fixed assembly, each ball being engaged between two respective annular friction surfaces of two articulated tubes of the other of said materials, respectively fixed to two transverse passages opening into the respective lateral faces of the edge link (MB) of the adjacent fixed assembly and of the projecting part of the central link (MC).
  11. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which two edge links (MB) aligned transversely and a central link (MC) offset longitudinally form a first fixed assembly, articulated to a second similar adjacent fixed assembly, each articulation comprising two pairs of projecting contact surfaces, one (85) projecting from the internal lateral face of the part of each edge link (MB) of the first fixed assembly, adjacent to one of the two lateral faces of the central link (MC) of the second fixed assembly, the other projecting from each of the lateral faces of the central link (MC).
  12. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which one of said friction surfaces is a bearing surface formed by a tubular element (93) housed in a transverse passage (94) of the central link (MC) or edge link (MB) and of which the cylindrical face is interrupted by a recessed surface cooperating with a pin housed in an adjacent opening communicating with the transverse passage (94) receiving the tubular element (93).
  13. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which one of said friction surfaces is a bearing surface formed in a profiled element (103) of non-circular section, housed in a passage (104) of which one part of the section at least corresponds to that of said profiled element (103).
  14. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the central link (MC) is a hollow profile in the transverse direction, in the opening (117) of which is introduced an insert (113) of which the section is complementary to that of the opening (117) of the hollow profile forming the central link (MC) and which comprises three transverse passages (114), two for the connecting elements (111) of which the ends are driven into the edge links (MB) of the two external rows of the first fixed assembly and a passage (114) forming one of said friction surfaces for the hinge pin (115) having the other friction surface.
  15. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the central link (MC) comprises a passage of non-circular section (137) to receive freely two inserts (133) of which the section is complementary to that of said passage (137), these inserts (133) having transverse passages (134) forming one of said friction surfaces to receive the hinge pin (135) forming another friction surface and a resilient element (138) operating in compression, interposed between said inserts.
  16. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which two edge links (MB) aligned transversely and a central link (MC) offset longitudinally form a first assembly, articulated to a central link (MC) of a second similar adjacent assembly and in which the links (MB, MC) and the hinge pins (145) are in said second material, the ends of the hinge pins (145) being fixed in the edge links (MB) of a first assembly and passing through at least one bearing in said first material (143) freely engaged in a transverse passage (144) of the central link (MC) of the second assembly.
  17. Strap according to one of Claims 1 to 4, comprising five rows of links (MB, MC1, MC, MC2, MB) offset longitudinally, alternately from one row to another and in which the links (MB, MC1, MC, MC2, MB) and the hinge pins (145) are in said second material, the ends of the hinge pins (155) being fixed in the edge links (MB) aligned transversely and passing through two bearings (153) in said first material engaged in two transverse passages of two central links (MC1, MC2) offset longitudinally relative to the three other links (MB, MC, MB).
  18. Strap according to one of the preceding claims, in which said first material is a zirconia-based material.
EP07405321.6A 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Bracelet with articulated links Active EP2057914B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07405321.6A EP2057914B1 (en) 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Bracelet with articulated links
US12/263,803 US7730710B2 (en) 2007-11-06 2008-11-03 Strap with articulated links
JP2008283267A JP5355992B2 (en) 2007-11-06 2008-11-04 Strap with articulated links
CN200810172875.4A CN101438871B (en) 2007-11-06 2008-11-05 Bracelet with articulated links

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07405321.6A EP2057914B1 (en) 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Bracelet with articulated links

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2057914A1 EP2057914A1 (en) 2009-05-13
EP2057914B1 true EP2057914B1 (en) 2016-07-06

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EP07405321.6A Active EP2057914B1 (en) 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Bracelet with articulated links

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US (1) US7730710B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2057914B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5355992B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101438871B (en)

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JP2014236781A (en) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-18 カシオ計算機株式会社 Member connecting structure, band attachment structure, and watch
CN103349402B (en) * 2013-05-27 2015-10-21 董志刚 A kind of metal watchband edge-sealing mechanism
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090113870A1 (en) 2009-05-07
US7730710B2 (en) 2010-06-08
EP2057914A1 (en) 2009-05-13
JP5355992B2 (en) 2013-11-27
CN101438871B (en) 2014-10-22
JP2009112814A (en) 2009-05-28
CN101438871A (en) 2009-05-27

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