EP2057381A1 - Method for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of deep-frozen liquefied gases - Google Patents

Method for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of deep-frozen liquefied gases

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Publication number
EP2057381A1
EP2057381A1 EP07718433A EP07718433A EP2057381A1 EP 2057381 A1 EP2057381 A1 EP 2057381A1 EP 07718433 A EP07718433 A EP 07718433A EP 07718433 A EP07718433 A EP 07718433A EP 2057381 A1 EP2057381 A1 EP 2057381A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
evaporator
pressure
dosing
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07718433A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2057381B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Hermeling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hermeling Katharina Mag
Original Assignee
Hermeling Katharina Mag
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hermeling Katharina Mag filed Critical Hermeling Katharina Mag
Priority to PL07718433T priority Critical patent/PL2057381T3/en
Priority to SI200730238T priority patent/SI2057381T1/en
Publication of EP2057381A1 publication Critical patent/EP2057381A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2057381B1 publication Critical patent/EP2057381B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0107—Propulsion of the fluid by pressurising the ullage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cyclic pistonless compression of the gas phase cryogenic liquefied gases.
  • Substantial energy is used to liquefy gases, with the energy of overheating and evaporation removed from the product.
  • Refrigerated liquefied gases are stored in so-called cryo-tanks.
  • Cryo-tanks which may be stationary, are used as latches for the use of gases in the gaseous state.
  • the gases are removed from such a cryo-tank and converted into the gaseous state, with high-performance high-pressure pumps generally being used for this purpose.
  • the liquid is forced by means of such high pressure pumps in the evaporator, wherein the ambient heat or external energy is used for evaporation in the evaporator.
  • the liquid gases are immediately evaporated and subsequently compressed by gas compressors to the desired pressure. If gas cylinders are to be filled with such a system with a pressure of, for example, 200 bar or 300 bar, it is usually necessary to use approximately 40 KWh of power for the compression for 1000 NmVh. If not the liquid but that already vaporized gas is to be compressed in the sequence, the same amount requires a power of about 400 KWh.
  • the invention now aims to substantially reduce the power to be used in such known methods for the evaporation and filling under pressure, and has the aim to dispense with the use of pumps and compressors, which in addition to an improvement in the current account also to a reduced maintenance costs leads.
  • the inventive method of the type mentioned is essentially that deep-liquefied liquefied gas is placed in a dosing and a metered amount is fed to an evaporator, whereupon the vaporized gas is filled or fed into a pipeline network, whereupon Dosier disposer is again filled with liquid gas and the pressure in the last used evaporator used to squeeze the liquid gas from the dosing into another evaporator, each cyclically different from each other vaporizers are fed from the dosing and the pressure in the dosing and, if necessary, in each case filling evaporator is reduced before a renewed introduction of a metered amount of the liquefied gas.
  • cryogenic liquefied gases are spent in a dosing, can be used without the aid of the pump directly with the initially in a cryogenic tank usually initially existing vapor pressure of about 5 bar or the geodetic pressure to this transport of the cryogenic liquefied gas in the Dosing to accomplish.
  • the fact that the amount is metered in the sequence which, as it corresponds to a preferred development of the method according to the invention can be done in a simple manner, for example by weighing the metered dose spent in the dosing, it is ensured that in the episode during evaporation a whole certain quantity and, if the volume is known, a definite nierter of the supplied heat associated pressure is built up.
  • a pressure equalization to the evaporator occurs here and when the system is started up, after a further loading of the metering container, it is sufficient to transfer the remaining vapor pressure in the currently used evaporator for expressing the metered quantity of liquefied gas into another one allow atmospheric and lower pressure than the pressure in the evaporator currently in use evaporator. It is thus charged with the remaining pressure of the currently used evaporator another evaporator and in the evaporation carried out there again, the vapor pressure built up, which is provided in the sequence for filling the tank of the bottles or the feed into the pipeline network.
  • the procedure is such that the pressure reduction from the metering vessel or the evaporator is reduced via a throttle into the gas space of the tank, a consumer or the atmosphere.
  • throttle here refers to any device which • the pressure reduction is used.
  • Conventional pressure reducing valves are here due to the temperature conditions, as they occur when working with liquefied gases and the respective expansions, suitable only conditionally, the pressure reduction could of course also be done by forwarding in another consumer and / or against the atmosphere, if as in 2 In case of gas losses can be accepted.
  • the procedure is that the pressure reduction in a condenser is made as a throttle.
  • a condenser serves to substantially reduce the volume, since liquid gas is again eliminated from the gas phase and in this way the pressure is drastically reduced.
  • Such a condenser thus meets the criteria of the invention required throttle to return the gas and the liquid in the sequence in the cryo-tank, which indeed has a much lower vapor pressure.
  • this procedure can be such that the liquefaction and the pressure reduction in the Throttling is carried out by spraying liquefied gas and subsequent mixing condensation.
  • the gas can be pressed from below through the liquid or condensed by blowing liquid into the gas.
  • a suitably defined initial state must be set at the beginning, for which the procedure according to the invention is advantageously such that the containers, condenser and pipelines are filled before the start of the first mixing - Steaming cold.
  • A designates a cryo-tank.
  • B denotes a metering container, wherein in the line leading to the cryo-tank, a condenser designated C is switched on as a throttle.
  • D denotes a first evaporator. Parallel to this first evaporator D there is a second evaporator E, wherein alternately from the respectively active evaporator a schematically with F recorded consumer device, such as a bottle is filled.
  • G schematically indicates a balance for the quantity filled into the dosing container B. Likewise, there is a scale indicated by H for the measurement of the filled into the bottle F amount.
  • valves connected in the respectively marked lines are designated consecutively with 1 to 19 and connected as follows in the individual process steps:
  • the product is liquid in the cryogenic tank A, the remaining equipment, and in particular the metering and the evaporators D and E in this initial phase are at atmospheric pressure.
  • Cryo-Tank A there is a slight overpressure of mostly about 5 bar.
  • liquid product flows under the pressure in the cryo-tank in the condenser C until the gas phase is in equilibrium with the liquid phase.
  • An opening of the valves 10 and 11 leads to the venting of gas initially located in the condenser in the atmosphere or in the gas space of the cryo-tank A.
  • valves 1, 3 and 8 are opened.
  • liquid product flows from the cryo-tank into the dosing tank, the valves being closed when the predetermined dosing weight determined by the balance G is reached.
  • Through the valve 8 is vented in the open position of the dosing against the cryo-tank A.
  • valves 1, 3 and 8 are again opened, whereupon cryogenic liquefied gas in turn flows from the cryo-tank A into the dosing tank B and, as described above, a dosage is carried out, taking into account the measured values of the balance G. ,
  • the metered amount of cryogenic liquefied gas is pressed with the prevailing pressure in the evaporator D from the dosing into the further evaporator E, whereupon the valves are closed again , Subsequently, the cryogenic liquefied gas evaporates in the evaporator E, after which the valves 15 and 19 are opened after complete evaporation and again a container or the bottle F can be filled. After a check by means of the balance H, the valves are closed again so that now the evaporator and the dosing tank are under a correspondingly higher pressure than at the beginning of the process.
  • the pressure remaining in the evaporator E can again be used by opening the valves 4 and 6 and 16 to press the metered quantity of liquefied gas into the evaporator D, whereupon, as already described above, continues to proceed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of deep-frozen liquefied gases. In said method, deep-frozen liquefied gases are placed in a dosing receptacle, and a metered amount is fed to an evaporator, whereupon the evaporated amount of gas is drawn off or fed into a pipeline system. The dosing receptacle is then once again filled with liquid gas, and the pressure prevailing in the evaporator last used is utilized for pressing the liquid gas out of the dosing receptacle into another evaporator. Different evaporators are cyclically fed from the dosing receptacle while the pressure in the dosing receptacle and, if necessary, in the evaporator that is to be filled is released before a metered amount of the liquefied gas is introduced once again.

Description

Verfahren zur zyklischen kolbenlosen Kompression der Gasphase tiefkalt verflüssigter GaseMethod for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of cryogenic liquefied gases
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur zyklischen kolbenlosen Kompression der Gasphase tiefkalt verflüssigter Gase.The invention relates to a method for cyclic pistonless compression of the gas phase cryogenic liquefied gases.
Für den Transport von Gasen werden diese häufig verflüssigt, da das Volumen von flüssigen Gasen einen Bruchteil des Gasvolumens aufweist, ohne dass hierbei mit hohem Druck gearbeitet werden muss. Drucktanks sind in ihrer Konstruktion aufwändig und eignen sich nur beschränkt für den Straßentransport .For the transport of gases, these are often liquefied, since the volume of liquid gases has a fraction of the gas volume, without having to work at high pressure. Pressure tanks are complex in their construction and are only of limited use for road transport.
Für die Verflüssigung von Gasen wird beträchtliche Energie eingesetzt, wobei die Energie der Überhitzung und der Verdampfung dem Produkt entzogen werden muss. Zwischen dem verflüssigten Produkt und der Umgebung entsteht hierbei ein Temperaturgefälle. Tiefkalt verflüssigte Gase werden in so- genannten Cryo-Tanks gelagert. Cryo-Tanks, welche stationär angeordnet sein können, werden als Zwischenspeicher für die Verwendung der Gase in gasförmigem Zustand eingesetzt. Die Gase werden einem derartigen Cryo-Tank entnommen und in den gasförmigen Zustand übergeführt, wobei zu diesem Zweck in der Regel leistungsstarke Hochdruckpumpen eingesetzt werden. Die Flüssigkeit wird mittels derartiger Hochdruckpumpen in Verdampfer gedrückt, wobei im Verdampfer die Umgebungswärme oder Fremdenergie zur Verdampfung eingesetzt wird. Bei anderen Verfahren werden die flüssigen Gase unmittelbar verdampft und in der Folge erst über Gaskompressoren auf den gewünschten Druck komprimiert. Wenn mit derartigen Anlagen Gasflaschen mit einem Druck von beispielsweise 200 bar oder 300 bar befüllt werden sollen, müssen zumeist für 1000 NmVh für die Verdichtung ca. 40 KWh an Leistung eingesetzt werden. Wenn nicht die Flüssigkeit sondern das bereits verdampfte Gas in der Folge komprimiert werden soll, erfordert die gleiche Menge eine Leistung von ca. 400 KWh.Substantial energy is used to liquefy gases, with the energy of overheating and evaporation removed from the product. There is a temperature gradient between the liquefied product and the environment. Refrigerated liquefied gases are stored in so-called cryo-tanks. Cryo-tanks, which may be stationary, are used as latches for the use of gases in the gaseous state. The gases are removed from such a cryo-tank and converted into the gaseous state, with high-performance high-pressure pumps generally being used for this purpose. The liquid is forced by means of such high pressure pumps in the evaporator, wherein the ambient heat or external energy is used for evaporation in the evaporator. In other methods, the liquid gases are immediately evaporated and subsequently compressed by gas compressors to the desired pressure. If gas cylinders are to be filled with such a system with a pressure of, for example, 200 bar or 300 bar, it is usually necessary to use approximately 40 KWh of power for the compression for 1000 NmVh. If not the liquid but that already vaporized gas is to be compressed in the sequence, the same amount requires a power of about 400 KWh.
Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, die bei derartigen be- kannten Verfahren für das Verdampfen und Abfüllen unter Druck aufzuwendende Leistung wesentlich herabzusetzen, und hat das Ziel, auf den Einsatz von Pumpen und Kompressoren zu verzichten, was neben einer Verbesserung der Leistungsbilanz auch zu einem verringerten Wartungsaufwand führt.The invention now aims to substantially reduce the power to be used in such known methods for the evaporation and filling under pressure, and has the aim to dispense with the use of pumps and compressors, which in addition to an improvement in the current account also to a reduced maintenance costs leads.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art im wesentlichen darin, dass tiefkalt verflüssigtes Gas in einen Dosierbehälter verbracht wird und eine dosierte Menge einem Verdampfer zuge- führt wird, worauf die verdampfte Gasmenge abgefüllt oder in ein Leitungsnetz eingespeist wird, worauf der Dosierbehälter neuerlich mit flüssigem Gas gefüllt wird und der Druck im zuletzt eingesetzten Verdampfer zum Auspressen des flüssigen Gases aus dem Dosierbehälter in einen weiteren Verdampfer herangezogen wird, wobei zyklisch jeweils voneinander verschiedene Verdampfer aus dem Dosierbehälter beschickt werden und der Druck im Dosiergefäß sowie erforderlichenfalls im jeweils zu befüllenden Verdampfer vor einem neuerlichen Einbringen einer dosierten Menge des verflüssigten Gases ab- gebaut wird. Dadurch, dass tiefkalt verflüssigte Gase in einen Dosierbehälter verbracht werden, kann ohne Zuhilfenahme vom Pumpen unmittelbar mit dem in einem Cryo-Tank überlicherweise anfangs bestehenden Dampfdruck von etwa 5 bar oder aber dem geodetischen Druck gearbeitet werden, um diesen Transport des tiefkalt verflüssigten Gases in den Dosierbehälter zu bewerkstelligen. Dadurch, dass die Menge in der Folge dosiert wird, was, wie es einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens entspricht, in einfacher Weise beispielsweise durch Wiegen der in den Dosierbehälter verbrachten dosierten Menge erfolgen kann, wird sichergestellt, dass in der Folge beim Verdampfen eine ganz bestimmte Menge und bei bekanntem Volumen ein defi- nierter der zugeführten Wärme zugeordneter Druck aufgebaut wird. Dadurch, dass nun die verdampfte Gasmenge unter dem beim Verdampfen entstehenden Druck unmittelbar abgefüllt wird oder gegen dynamische Leitungswiderstände in ein Lei- tungsnetz eingespeist wird, wird ein Druckausgleich zwischen Verdampfer und dem Verbraucher bzw. den zu befüllenden Flaschen oder Tanks hergestellt, wobei naturgemäß ein Restdruck im Verdampfer verbleibt, sobald die entsprechenden Füllventile geschlossen werden. Um in der Folge zyklisch weiterarbeiten zu können, muss der Dosierbehälter neuerlich mit einer dosierten Menge an flüssigem Gas gefüllt werden, wobei hier so lange der ursprünglich im Cryo-Tank vorhandene Dampfdruck oder der geodetische Druck ausreicht, so lange der Druck im Dosierbehälter unter diesen jeweils für das Befüllen erforderlichen Drucken liegt.To achieve this object, the inventive method of the type mentioned is essentially that deep-liquefied liquefied gas is placed in a dosing and a metered amount is fed to an evaporator, whereupon the vaporized gas is filled or fed into a pipeline network, whereupon Dosierbehälter is again filled with liquid gas and the pressure in the last used evaporator used to squeeze the liquid gas from the dosing into another evaporator, each cyclically different from each other vaporizers are fed from the dosing and the pressure in the dosing and, if necessary, in each case filling evaporator is reduced before a renewed introduction of a metered amount of the liquefied gas. The fact that cryogenic liquefied gases are spent in a dosing, can be used without the aid of the pump directly with the initially in a cryogenic tank usually initially existing vapor pressure of about 5 bar or the geodetic pressure to this transport of the cryogenic liquefied gas in the Dosing to accomplish. The fact that the amount is metered in the sequence, which, as it corresponds to a preferred development of the method according to the invention can be done in a simple manner, for example by weighing the metered dose spent in the dosing, it is ensured that in the episode during evaporation a whole certain quantity and, if the volume is known, a definite nierter of the supplied heat associated pressure is built up. The fact that now the evaporated gas is filled directly under the resulting pressure during evaporation pressure or fed against dynamic line resistance in a network line, a pressure equalization between the evaporator and the consumer or the bottles or tanks to be filled is produced, which naturally a residual pressure remains in the evaporator as soon as the corresponding filling valves are closed. In order to be able to continue working cyclically in the sequence, the dosing must be filled again with a metered amount of liquid gas, in which case as long as the original existing in the cryotank vapor pressure or the geodetic pressure is sufficient, as long as the pressure in the dosing under each of these is required for filling printing.
Nach mehrmaligem Beschicken des Dosierbehälters stellt sich aber hier ein Druckausgleich zum Verdampfer ein und beim Anfahren der Anlage genügt es, nach einem neuerlichen Beschi- cken des Dosierbehälters den verbleibenden Dampfdruck im gerade verwendeten Verdampfer für das Auspressen der dosierten Menge an verflüssigtem Gas in einen weiteren auf atmosphärischen bzw. geringeren Druck als den Druck im gerade verwendeten Verdampfer befindlichen Verdampfer zu ermöglichen. Es wird somit mit dem verbleibenden Restdruck des jeweils gerade verwendeten Verdampfers ein weiterer Verdampfer beschickt und bei der dort vorgenommenen Verdampfung wiederum der Dampfdruck aufgebaut, welcher in der Folge für das Befüllen des Tanks der Flaschen bzw. die Einspeisung in das Leitungsnetz vorgesehen ist.After repeated loading of the metering container, however, a pressure equalization to the evaporator occurs here and when the system is started up, after a further loading of the metering container, it is sufficient to transfer the remaining vapor pressure in the currently used evaporator for expressing the metered quantity of liquefied gas into another one allow atmospheric and lower pressure than the pressure in the evaporator currently in use evaporator. It is thus charged with the remaining pressure of the currently used evaporator another evaporator and in the evaporation carried out there again, the vapor pressure built up, which is provided in the sequence for filling the tank of the bottles or the feed into the pipeline network.
Um nun zu verhindern, dass insgesamt der Dosierbehälter und die Verdampfer durch zyklischen Druckausgleich das gleiche Druckniveau erreichen, muss jeweils ein selektiver Druck- abbau vorgenommen werden, wobei erfindungsgemäß hierzu so vorgegangen wird, dass nach dem zyklischen Beschicken jeweils voneinander verschiedener Verdampfer und der Ver- wendung des Restdrucks in jeweils einem der beiden Verdampfer der Druck im Dosiergefäß sowie erforderlichenfalls im jeweils zu befüllenden Verdampfer vor dem neuerlichen Einbringen einer dosierten Menge des verflüssigten Gases abgebaut wird. Auf diese Weise gelingt es ohne Zuhilfenahme von Pumpen jeweils immer die erforderliche Druckdifferenz in der Anlage aufrecht zu erhalten, welche ein abwechselndes bzw. zyklisches Beschicken von gesonderten Verdampfern aus einem Cryo-Tank mit definiertem Dampfdruck ermöglicht.In order to prevent a total of the dosing tank and the evaporator achieve the same pressure level by cyclic pressure equalization, a selective pressure reduction must be made in each case, according to the invention this is done so that after the cyclic charging each different evaporator and the Ver¬ Use of the residual pressure in each case one of the two evaporators, the pressure in the metering vessel and, if necessary, in each case to be filled evaporator is reduced before the renewed introduction of a metered amount of the liquefied gas. In this way, it is possible to always maintain the required pressure difference in the system without the aid of pumps, which allows an alternating or cyclic feeding of separate evaporators from a cryogenic tank with a defined vapor pressure.
Der geforderte Druckabbau kann prinzipiell auf verschiedene Weise vorgenommen werden. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird hierbei so vorgegangen, dass der Druckabbau aus dem Dosiergefäß bzw. dem Verdampfer über eine Drossel in den Gasraum des Tanks, einen Verbraucher oder die Atmosphäre abgebaut wird. Der Begriff Drossel bezeichnet hier eine beliebige Einrichtung, welche • der Druckminderung dient. Klassische Druckminderventile sind hier aufgrund der Temperaturverhältnisse, wie sie beim Arbeiten mit verflüssigten Gasen und bei den jeweiligen Expansionen auftreten, nur bedingt geeignet, wobei der Druckabbau naturgemäß auch durch Fortleitung in einem anderen Verbraucher und/oder gegen die Atmosphäre erfolgen könnte, wenn wie im 2. Fall Gasverluste in Kauf genommen werden. In besonders vorteilhafter Weise wird aber so vorgegangen, dass der Druckabbau in einem Verflüssiger als Drossel vorgenommen wird. Ein Verflüssiger dient hierbei der wesentlichen Reduktion des Volumens, da flüssiges Gas aus der Gasphase wiederum ausgeschieden wird und auf diese Weise der Druck drastisch herabgesetzt wird. Ein derartiger Verflüssiger erfüllt somit die Kriterien der erfindungsgemäß erforderlichen Drossel, um das Gas und die Flüssigkeit in der Folge in den Cryo-Tank rückführen zu können, welcher ja einen wesentlich geringeren Dampfdruck aufweist.The required pressure reduction can be made in principle in various ways. According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the procedure is such that the pressure reduction from the metering vessel or the evaporator is reduced via a throttle into the gas space of the tank, a consumer or the atmosphere. The term throttle here refers to any device which • the pressure reduction is used. Conventional pressure reducing valves are here due to the temperature conditions, as they occur when working with liquefied gases and the respective expansions, suitable only conditionally, the pressure reduction could of course also be done by forwarding in another consumer and / or against the atmosphere, if as in 2 In case of gas losses can be accepted. In a particularly advantageous manner, however, the procedure is that the pressure reduction in a condenser is made as a throttle. A condenser serves to substantially reduce the volume, since liquid gas is again eliminated from the gas phase and in this way the pressure is drastically reduced. Such a condenser thus meets the criteria of the invention required throttle to return the gas and the liquid in the sequence in the cryo-tank, which indeed has a much lower vapor pressure.
In besonders einfacher Weise kann hierbei so vorgegangen werden, dass die Verflüssigung und der Druckabbau in der Drossel durch Einsprühen von verflüssigtem Gas und daran anschließende Mischkondensation vorgenommen wird..In a particularly simple manner, this procedure can be such that the liquefaction and the pressure reduction in the Throttling is carried out by spraying liquefied gas and subsequent mixing condensation.
Es ist möglich, durch Mischkondensation im Cryo-Tank das eingeblasene Gas ganz oder teilweise zu kondensieren. Dabei kann das Gas von unten durch die Flüssigkeit gedrückt werden oder durch Einblasen von Flüssigkeit in das Gas kondensiert werden.It is possible to completely or partially condense the injected gas by co-condensation in the cryo-tank. In this case, the gas can be pressed from below through the liquid or condensed by blowing liquid into the gas.
Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, ist es für den sicheren Betrieb und insbesondere für das Befüllen von Gasflaschen oder Tanks von wesentlicher Bedeutung, dass eine dosierte Menge an Gasen abgefüllt wird. Hierzu wird, wie bereits erwähnt, bevorzugt so vorgegangen, dass die in den Dosierbehälter dosierte Menge durch Wiegen bestimmt wird, wobei zur Kontrolle mit Vorteil auch die abgefüllte Druckgasmenge jeweils gemessen, insbesondere gewogen wird.As already mentioned, it is essential for the safe operation and in particular for the filling of gas cylinders or tanks, that a metered amount of gases is filled. For this purpose, as already mentioned, preference is given to the amount metered into the dosing tank being determined by weighing, with the filled compressed gas quantity also being measured, in particular weighed, in order to control it.
Um insgesamt bei Beginn des Füllvorgangs rasch zu reprodu- zierbaren Druckverhältnissen und einem reibungslosen Betrieb zu finden, muss zu Beginn ein entsprechend definierter Ausgangszustand eingestellt werden, wofür erfindungsgemäß mit Vorteil so vorgegangen wird, dass die Behälter, Verflüssiger und die Rohrleitungen vor Beginn der ersten Ver- dampfung kaltgefahren werden.In order to quickly find reproducible pressure conditions and smooth operation at the beginning of the filling process, a suitably defined initial state must be set at the beginning, for which the procedure according to the invention is advantageously such that the containers, condenser and pipelines are filled before the start of the first mixing - Steaming cold.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing.
In der Zeichnung ist mit A ein Cryo-Tank bezeichnet. B bezeichnet einen Dosierbehälter, wobei in der zum Cryo-Tank rückführenden Leitung ein mit C bezeichneter Verflüssiger als Drossel eingeschaltet ist. Mit D ist ein erster Verdampfer bezeichnet. Parallel zu diesem ersten Verdampfer D existiert ein zweiter Verdampfer E, wobei abwechselnd aus dem jeweils aktiven Verdampfer eine schematisch mit F be- zeichnete Verbrauchereinrichtung, wie beispielsweise eine Flasche, befüllt wird.In the drawing, A designates a cryo-tank. B denotes a metering container, wherein in the line leading to the cryo-tank, a condenser designated C is switched on as a throttle. D denotes a first evaporator. Parallel to this first evaporator D there is a second evaporator E, wherein alternately from the respectively active evaporator a schematically with F recorded consumer device, such as a bottle is filled.
Mit G ist schematisch eine Waage für die in den Dosierbe- hälter B abgefüllte Menge angedeutet. Ebenso existiert eine mit H angedeutete Waage für die Messung der in die Flasche F abgefüllten Menge.G schematically indicates a balance for the quantity filled into the dosing container B. Likewise, there is a scale indicated by H for the measurement of the filled into the bottle F amount.
Die in die jeweils eingezeichneten Leitungen geschalteten Ventile sind fortlaufend mit 1 bis 19 bezeichnet und in den einzelnen Verfahrensschritten wie folgt geschaltet:The valves connected in the respectively marked lines are designated consecutively with 1 to 19 and connected as follows in the individual process steps:
Zum Kaltfahren des Verflüssigers liegt das Produkt im Cryo- Tank A flüssig vor, wobei die verbleibenden Einrichtungen, und insbesondere der Dosierbehälter B und die Verdampfer D und E in dieser Ausgangsphase sich auf atmosphärischem Druck befinden. Im Cryo-Tank A herrscht ein leichter Überdruck von zumeist etwa 5 bar. Nach Öffnen der Ventile 1 und 2 strömt flüssiges Produkt unter dem Druck im Cryo-Tank in den Verflüssiger C, bis die Gasphase im Gleichgewicht mit der flüssigen Phase ist. Ein Öffnen der Ventile 10 und 11 führt zur Entlüftung von anfänglich im Verflüssiger befindlichem Gas in die Atmosphäre bzw. in den Gasraum des Cryo-Tanks A.For cold running of the condenser, the product is liquid in the cryogenic tank A, the remaining equipment, and in particular the metering and the evaporators D and E in this initial phase are at atmospheric pressure. In Cryo-Tank A there is a slight overpressure of mostly about 5 bar. After opening the valves 1 and 2 liquid product flows under the pressure in the cryo-tank in the condenser C until the gas phase is in equilibrium with the liquid phase. An opening of the valves 10 and 11 leads to the venting of gas initially located in the condenser in the atmosphere or in the gas space of the cryo-tank A.
Beim anschließenden Kaltfahren des Dosierbehälters werden die Ventile 1, 3 und 8 geöffnet. In diesem Fall strömt flüssiges Produkt vom Cryo-Tank in den Dosierbehälter, wobei die Ventile geschlossen werden, wenn das mittels der Waage G ermittelte vorgegebene Dosiergewicht erreicht ist. Durch das Ventil 8 wird in der Offenstellung der Dosierbehälter gegen den Cryo-Tank A entlüftet.During the subsequent cold run of the metering, valves 1, 3 and 8 are opened. In this case, liquid product flows from the cryo-tank into the dosing tank, the valves being closed when the predetermined dosing weight determined by the balance G is reached. Through the valve 8 is vented in the open position of the dosing against the cryo-tank A.
Bei einem anschließenden Öffnen der Ventile 4, 6 und einem weiterhin Offenhalten des Ventils 8 strömt das flüssige Produkt vom Dosierbehälter B in den ersten Verdampfer D. Wiederum erfolgt ein Druckausgleich über das Ventil 8 gegen den Cryo-Tank A, wobei unmittelbar im Anschluss an die Ent- leerung des Dosierbehälters das Ventil 6 und das Ventil 4 geschlossen werden, um diesen vom Verdampfer D zu trennen.In a subsequent opening of the valves 4, 6 and a further keeping open the valve 8, the liquid product from the dosing B flows into the first evaporator D. Again, a pressure equalization takes place via the valve 8 against the cryo-tank A, wherein immediately following the decision Discharge of the metering the valve 6 and the valve 4 are closed to separate it from the evaporator D.
Bei der anschließenden Verdampfung im Verdampfer D wird das Produkt vollständig verdampft, worauf nach vollständiger Verdampfung die Ventile 14 und 19 geöffnet werden, um das nun gasförmige Produkt in die Flasche F zu verbringen. Bei dieser Gelegenheit kann eine Kontrolle durch Wiegen mittels der schematisch angedeuteten Waage H vorgenommen werden.In the subsequent evaporation in the evaporator D, the product is completely evaporated, after which the valves 14 and 19 are opened after complete evaporation to spend the now gaseous product in the bottle F. On this occasion, a check by weighing by means of the schematically indicated balance H can be made.
Nach Schließen der Ventile herrscht im Verdampfer D der zuletzt durch Verdampfen gebildete Dampfdruck.After closing the valves prevails in the evaporator D, the last formed by evaporation of vapor pressure.
In der Folge werden die Ventile 1, 3 und 8 wiederum geöff- net, worauf wiederum tiefkalt verflüssigtes Gas vom Cryo- Tank A in den Dosierbehälter B strömt und neuerlich, wie beschrieben, eine Dosierung vorgenommen wird, wobei die Messwerte der Waage G Berücksichtigung finden.As a result, the valves 1, 3 and 8 are again opened, whereupon cryogenic liquefied gas in turn flows from the cryo-tank A into the dosing tank B and, as described above, a dosage is carried out, taking into account the measured values of the balance G. ,
Nach Schließen der gerade geöffneten Ventile und anschließendes Öffnen der Ventile 4, 5, 6, 14 und 17 wird die dosierte Menge tiefkalt verflüssigten Gases mit dem im Verdampfer D herrschenden Druck aus dem Dosierbehälter in den weiteren Verdampfer E ausgepresst, worauf die Ventile wieder geschlossen werden. Anschließend verdampft das tiefkalt verflüssige Gas im Verdampfer E, worauf nach vollständigem Verdampfen die Ventile 15 und 19 geöffnet werden und wiederum ein Behälter bzw. die Flasche F gefüllt werden kann. Nach einer Kontrolle mittels der Waage H werden die Ventile wieder geschlossen, sodass nun die Verdampfer und der Dosierbehälter unter entsprechend höherem Druck als zu Beginn des Verfahrens stehen. Sobald dieser Druck, und insbesondere der Druck im Dosierbehälter, den Druck im Cryo- Tank überschreitet, gelingt es nicht mehr ohne weiteres, unter Zuhilfenahme des geodetischen Drucks ein neuerliches Befüllen des Dosierbehälters zu bewirken. Es muss somit hier ein gedrosselter Druckabbau erfolgen, wobei davon ausge- gangen wird, dass der Dosierbehälter nach der zuletzt beschriebenen Entleerung unter dem Druck des Verdampfers D steht. Die Ventile 7, 9 und 12 werden in der Folge geöffnet, worauf im Wärmetauscher des Verflüssigers das gasförmige Produkt durch flüssiges Produkt möglichst weit herabgekühlt wird, sodass der Druck entsprechend reduziert wird und bei der Drosselung im Ventil 9 die Dampflinie erreicht wird.After closing the valves just opened and then opening the valves 4, 5, 6, 14 and 17, the metered amount of cryogenic liquefied gas is pressed with the prevailing pressure in the evaporator D from the dosing into the further evaporator E, whereupon the valves are closed again , Subsequently, the cryogenic liquefied gas evaporates in the evaporator E, after which the valves 15 and 19 are opened after complete evaporation and again a container or the bottle F can be filled. After a check by means of the balance H, the valves are closed again so that now the evaporator and the dosing tank are under a correspondingly higher pressure than at the beginning of the process. As soon as this pressure, and in particular the pressure in the dosing tank, exceeds the pressure in the cryogenic tank, it is no longer possible to effect a renewed filling of the dosing tank without further ado, with the aid of the geodetic pressure. There must therefore be a reduced pressure drop here, whereby is going to be that the dosing after the last described drainage is under the pressure of the evaporator D. The valves 7, 9 and 12 are opened in sequence, whereupon in the heat exchanger of the condenser the gaseous product is cooled as far as possible by liquid product, so that the pressure is reduced accordingly and the throttling in the valve 9, the steam line is reached.
Nach einem vorangehenden Druckausgleich ist die Befüllung des Dosierbehälters wieder mit dem geodetischen Druck möglich. Um aber in der Folge ein Verbringen der dosierten Menge an tiefkalt verflüssigtem Gas aus dem Dosierbehälter in den Verdampfer D zu ermöglichen, muss dieser zu befüllende Verdampfer naturgemäß wiederum auf ein Druck- niveau gebracht werden, welches geringer ist als das noch zur Verfügung stehende Druckniveau, welches aus dem anderen Verdampfer zum Auspressen des Dosierbehälters zur Verfügung steht. Mit anderen Worten bedeutet dies, dass auch der nächste zu befüllende Verdampfer, in diesem Falle der Verdampfer D, einem entsprechenden Druckausgleich unterworfen werden muss und ebenso wie der Dosierbehälter B in geeigneter Weise auf den Druck im Gasraum des Cryo-Tanks A oder darunter gebracht werden muss. Dies gelingt durch Öffnen der Ventile 14 und 17 sowie je nach Volumen durch Öffnen des Ventils 8 unter unmittelbarem Rückexpandieren in den Gasraum des Cryo-Tanks A oder durch Öffnen des Ventils 7 und Rückführung über den Verflüssiger.After a previous pressure equalization, the filling of the dosing tank is possible again with the geodetic pressure. However, in order subsequently to enable the metered quantity of cryogenic liquefied gas to be introduced from the metering container into the evaporator D, this evaporator to be filled must naturally again be brought to a pressure level which is lower than the still available pressure level. which is available from the other evaporator for squeezing the Dosierbehälters available. In other words, this means that the next to be filled evaporator, in this case the evaporator D, must be subjected to a corresponding pressure equalization and as well as the dosing B are brought in a suitable manner to the pressure in the gas space of the cryo-tank A or below got to. This is achieved by opening the valves 14 and 17 and depending on the volume by opening the valve 8 with immediate backward expansion in the gas space of the cryo-tank A or by opening the valve 7 and return via the condenser.
Nach dem nachfolgenden Beschicken des Dosierbehälters in der bereits beschriebenen Weise kann wiederum durch Öffnen der Ventile 4 und 6 sowie 16 der im Verdampfer E verbleibende Druck zum Auspressen der dosierten Menge an verflüssigtem Gas in den Verdampfer D herangezogen werden, wonach, wie bereits zuvor beschrieben, weiter verfahren wird.After the subsequent charging of the metering container in the manner already described, the pressure remaining in the evaporator E can again be used by opening the valves 4 and 6 and 16 to press the metered quantity of liquefied gas into the evaporator D, whereupon, as already described above, continues to proceed.
Bei der jeweiligen Drosselung bzw. beim Druckabbau im Verflüssiger wird durch Öffnen des Ventils 13 unterkühlte Flüssigkeit aus dem Oberteil des Verflüssigers in den Wärmetauscherbereich des Verflüssigers geführt. Durch Öffnen der Ventile 11 und 12 wird ein Druckausgleich zwischen dem Verflüssiger C und dem Cryo-Tank A erreicht, worauf der Pro- zess durch Öffnen der Ventile 1 und 2 wiederum in den Ausgangszustand versetzt wird, welcher neuerliche Zyklen ermöglicht. In the respective throttling or pressure reduction in the condenser is undercooled by opening the valve 13 Liquid from the top of the condenser into the heat exchanger area of the condenser. By opening the valves 11 and 12, a pressure equalization between the condenser C and the cryo-tank A is reached, whereupon the process by opening the valves 1 and 2 is again placed in the initial state, which allows repeated cycles.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Verfahren zur zyklischen kolbenlosen Kompression der Gasphase tiefkalt verflüssigter Gase, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass tiefkalt verflüssigte Gase in einen Dosierbehälter verbracht werden und eine dosierte Menge einem Verdampfer zugeführt wird, worauf die verdampfte Gasmenge abgefüllt oder in ein Leitungsnetz eingespeist wird, worauf der Dosierbehälter neuerlich mit flüssigem Gas gefüllt wird und der Druck im zuletzt eingesetzten Verdampfer zum Auspressen des flüssigen Gases aus dem Dosierbehälter in einen weiteren Verdampfer herangezogen wird, wobei zyklisch jeweils voneinander verschiedene Verdampfer aus dem Dosierbehälter beschickt werden und der Druck im Dosiergefäß sowie erforderlichenfalls im jeweils zu befüllenden Verdampfer vor einem neuerlichen Einbringen einer dosierten Menge des verflüssigten Gases abgebaut wird.1. A method for cyclic piston-free compression of the gas phase cryogenic liquefied gases, characterized in that cryogenic liquefied gases are spent in a dosing and a metered amount is fed to an evaporator, whereupon the vaporized gas is filled or fed into a pipeline network, whereupon Dosierbehälter is filled again with liquid gas and the pressure in the last used evaporator for squeezing the liquid gas from the dosing is used in another evaporator, each cyclically different from each other vaporizers are fed from the dosing and the pressure in the dosing and, if necessary, in each case filling evaporator is degraded before re-introducing a metered amount of the liquefied gas.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckabbau aus dem Dosiergefäß bzw. dem Verdampfer über eine Drossel in den Gasraum des Tanks, einen Verbraucher oder die Atmosphäre abgebaut wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure reduction from the metering vessel or the evaporator via a throttle in the gas space of the tank, a consumer or the atmosphere is reduced.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckabbau in einem Verflüssiger als Drossel vorgenommen wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure reduction is carried out in a condenser as a throttle.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verflüssigung und der Druckabbau durch Einsprühen von verflüssigtem Gas und daran anschließende Mischkondensation vorgenommen wird, wobei auch eine Mischkondensation durch Durchleiten des Gases durch die Flüssigphase des Tanks möglich ist.4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the liquefaction and the pressure reduction is carried out by spraying liquefied gas and subsequent mixing condensation, wherein a mixed condensation by passing the gas through the liquid phase of the tank is possible.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in den Dosierbehälter dosierte Menge vorzugsweise durch Wiegen bestimmt wird. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the dosed into the dosing amount is preferably determined by weighing.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abgefüllte Druckgasmenge jeweils gemessen, insbesondere gewogen wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the filled compressed gas quantity is measured in each case, in particular weighed.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Behälter, Verflüssiger und die Rohrleitungen vor Beginn der ersten Verdampfung kaltgefahren werden. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the container, condenser and the pipes are cold-rolled before the start of the first evaporation.
EP07718433A 2006-05-08 2007-05-08 Method for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of deep-frozen liquefied gases Not-in-force EP2057381B1 (en)

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PL07718433T PL2057381T3 (en) 2006-05-08 2007-05-08 Method for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of deep-frozen liquefied gases
SI200730238T SI2057381T1 (en) 2006-05-08 2007-05-08 Method for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of deep-frozen liquefied gases

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AT0079006A AT503579B1 (en) 2006-05-08 2006-05-08 METHOD FOR THE CYCLIC PISTON-FREE COMPRESSION OF THE GAS PHASE LOW COAL OF LIQUIDED GASES
PCT/AT2007/000219 WO2007128023A1 (en) 2006-05-08 2007-05-08 Method for the cyclical pistonless compression of the gas phase of deep-frozen liquefied gases

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EP2236822A1 (en) 2009-04-01 2010-10-06 Werner Hermeling On-demand method for regulating and smoothing the electric output of an energy convertor and device for carrying out this method
US20120159969A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2012-06-28 Lo Solutions Gmbh Method for charging evaporators with cryogenically liquefied gases, and a device for carrying out said method
AT509334B1 (en) 2010-07-09 2011-08-15 Lo Solutions Gmbh METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROVIDING ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL ENERGY, ESPECIALLY IN A PORT SYSTEM
AT512979B1 (en) * 2012-06-05 2015-11-15 Hermeling Werner Dipl Ing Method and device for regasifying cryogenic liquefied gas
FR3123643B1 (en) * 2021-06-03 2024-03-08 Air Liquide Fluid storage and distribution installation and method
FR3136037B1 (en) * 2022-05-24 2024-09-27 Lair Liquide Sa Pour Letude Et Lexploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Installation for filling gas containers with gaseous oxygen

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AT503579B1 (en) 2007-11-15
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DE502007002955D1 (en) 2010-04-08
ATE458919T1 (en) 2010-03-15
WO2007128023A1 (en) 2007-11-15
SI2057381T1 (en) 2010-08-31
DK2057381T3 (en) 2010-06-21
AT503579A4 (en) 2007-11-15
ES2342952T3 (en) 2010-07-19
EP2057381B1 (en) 2010-02-24

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