EP2050879B1 - Stabilisation strip designed to be used in structures with reinforced floor - Google Patents
Stabilisation strip designed to be used in structures with reinforced floor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2050879B1 EP2050879B1 EP08166646A EP08166646A EP2050879B1 EP 2050879 B1 EP2050879 B1 EP 2050879B1 EP 08166646 A EP08166646 A EP 08166646A EP 08166646 A EP08166646 A EP 08166646A EP 2050879 B1 EP2050879 B1 EP 2050879B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- notches
- stabilizing strip
- stabilizing
- central part
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stabilization strip for use in structures reinforced soil or armed land, and the use of such a strip for the construction of structures reinforced soil or ground.
- a reinforced soil structure combines a compacted embankment, a siding and reinforcements connected or not to the facing.
- metal reinforcements for example galvanized steel rods, or flexible stabilizing strips, for example based on polyester fibers. They are placed in the soil with a density depending on the constraints that can be exerted on the structure. For example, the thrust forces of the ground that are taken up by the friction soil-reinforcements.
- the facing is most often made from prefabricated concrete elements in the form of slabs or blocks, juxtaposed to cover the front face of the structure.
- the reinforcements are provided in the form of substantially parallelepipedal flexible strips, for example, all of whose faces are rectangles. Commonly such strips have a width greater than their thickness, for example ten times larger, or even 100 times larger.
- Such flexible strips may have a length of about 3 to 10 meters, although shorter or longer strips may be employed.
- the width of such strips is generally between 4 and 6 centimeters although it is possible to use strips width of up to 10 or 25 centimeters, or even more.
- Their thickness varies, for example, from about 1 millimeter to a few centimeters and is generally between 1 to 6 millimeters.
- stabilization bands unreinforced or reinforced by means of, for example, fibers or parallel threads.
- the purpose of the stabilization strips is to transmit the forces into the ground or earth and thus distribute the forces.
- the band is preferably capable of transmitting the forces along its entire length, allowing a high tensile strength.
- a solution known to those skilled in the art consists in using parallelepiped strips of polyethylene reinforced with polyester fibers arranged parallel to each other in the volume of said strip.
- WO 95/11351 Another solution, described in WO 95/11351 is to use strips having a longitudinal portion in the form of a central portion to withstand a tensile force.
- the central part has two lateral parts which protrude laterally on either side of the central part to rub against the earth.
- the central portion also includes a set of fibers arranged to enhance the tensile strength.
- stabilization band is described in WO 2007/086634 .
- stabilizing bands in structures with reinforced soil may present difficulties especially when there are obstacles in the structure.
- the presence of vertical support columns or pipes may interfere with the disposition of the stabilization strips.
- Such a stabilizing strip structurally has a high rigidity in their laying plane. It is therefore very difficult to impose a deviation on such bands so as to circumvent any obstacles.
- Such a stabilizing strip is generally arranged flat, its width and length being substantially in a horizontal plane, thus defining the main plane of such a stabilizing strip
- An object of the present invention is to provide a stabilizing strip to which it is possible to impose a deflection.
- the invention thus proposes a stabilization strip intended to be used in reinforced soil structures comprising notches and / or laterally emergent pre-cuts enabling a finite radius of curvature to be imposed on said strip.
- the term laterally opens a notch or pre-notch whose one end is in the volume of the strip and another end opens on the surface of the strip on its side side.
- the notches or pre-cuts allow to impose a deviation to the stabilization band while maintaining sufficient rigidity of the band and a sufficient life to ensure the stabilization of the structure in reinforced soil.
- the invention also relates to the use of a stabilizing strip according to the invention for the construction of a structure in reinforced soil.
- the invention also relates to a reinforced soil structure comprising at least one stabilizing strip according to the invention.
- the subject of the invention is also a method for constructing a structure in reinforced soil, in which a facing is placed along a front face of the structure delimiting a volume to be filled, reinforcements are provided in an area of said volume, brings backfill material into said volume and compacts the backfill material, characterized in that said reinforcements comprise at least one stabilizing strip according to the invention.
- the method of constructing a structure in reinforced soil according to the invention may comprise a step where a radius of curvature of between 1 and 10 meters is imposed on said stabilizing strip, as well as a step in which it is notch said at least one stabilizing strip at the time of laying.
- the method of construction of a reinforced soil structure according to the invention may further include the provision of the stabilization strips on the same plane and the opening of any pre-notches laterally open at the time of disposition of the stabilization strips .
- longitudinal means the direction along the longitudinal axis of the strip, the “lateral” direction being a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- Rope means an assembly obtained by twisting or braiding at least three fibers composed of a plurality of threads, for example of at least three threads, of textile, synthetic, plastic, metal or a combination of these different fibers or threads.
- the chosen cords may for example be thin, with a diameter of the order of one millimeter or more thick with a diameter of about one centimeter.
- pre-cut designates a portion of the stabilizing strip prepared to be cut in such a manner as to form a laterally open notch.
- the pre-notch can be opened to obtain the notch laterally open by a small effort, for example by bending the stabilization band or by breaking junction points between the pre-notch and the stabilizing band.
- the pre-notch may, for example, consist of discontinuous cutting or thinning of material according to the desired notch, or a weak zone capable of tearing or degrading to form a notch.
- FIG. 1 a perspective view of a first embodiment of a stabilizing strip according to the invention.
- the stabilizing strip 10 comprises a central portion 12 which extends substantially along the longitudinal axis A of the stabilizing strip 10.
- the stabilizing strip 10 comprises two lateral parts 14.
- Each lateral part comprises laterally open slots 16 regularly disposed on the lateral part 14 substantially laterally to the central part 12.
- the central portion 12 may be of a plastic material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC.
- the lateral portions 14 comprise a plurality of laterally emergent notches 16 arranged regularly so as to make it possible to impose a radius of curvature over the entire length of the strip 10.
- the notches in this embodiment have a substantially triangular shape, but they could equally well have a rectangular, curved or irregular shape or a combination of these different shapes.
- the angle at the apex ⁇ of the triangular notch should not, however, be increased excessively as this may cause a reduction of the material constituting the lateral parts such that a harmful reduction of the friction surface with the ground would result.
- the angle ⁇ is less than or equal to 90 °, for example less than or equal to 50 °, for example greater than or equal to 20 °, for example greater than or equal to 40 °.
- said stabilizing strip 10 comprises a central portion 12 extending substantially along the longitudinal axis of said strip.
- Said central portion 12 comprises a longitudinal reinforcement 18 capable of withstanding traction and being able to admit a radius of curvature in the main plane of the strip.
- the longitudinal reinforcement is in the form of one or more braided cords 18, but it could also be in the form of one or more twisted cords or polymeric fibers.
- the longitudinal reinforcement can be included both in the entire volume of the band and not only in the central part.
- the lateral parts may also include longitudinal reinforcements.
- the central portion 12 extends laterally on two sides by two lateral portions 14 which project on said central portion 12, in the form of fins.
- the two lateral parts 14 have a smaller thickness than the central part 12.
- One or both lateral portions 14 may or may be provided with ribs and / or corrugation and / or perforation or any other means known to those skilled in the art for improving the frictional interaction with the earth.
- Said lateral portions 14 comprise laterally open slots 16.
- the notches have a substantially triangular shape, but may also have a rectangular, curved or irregular shape or a combination of these different shapes.
- the band according to the invention may comprise pre-cuts 17.
- the stabilizing strip 10 shown on the figure 3 comprises a central portion 12 extending substantially along the longitudinal axis of said strip.
- Said central portion 12 comprises a polyethylene matrix reinforced with polyester fibers 19 arranged parallel to each other in the volume of said central portion 12.
- the lateral portions 14 comprise a plurality of laterally open pre-notches 17 arranged regularly so as to make it possible to impose a radius of curvature along the entire length of the strip 10 once these pre-cuts 17 have been opened.
- the laterally open pre-notches 17 in this embodiment have a substantially triangular shape, but may also have a rectangular, curved or irregular shape or a combination of these different shapes.
- the apex angle ⁇ of said triangle may be chosen less than or equal to 90 °, for example less than or equal to 50 °, for example greater than or equal to 20 °, for example greater than or equal to 40 °.
- laterally open pre-notches allows to reduce the surface of the fins only when desired. In fact, it is preferable to have a large contact area between the lateral edges and the earth or the ground in order to increase the friction between the stabilizing strip and the ground and thus strengthen the soil.
- a strip according to the invention can be produced, for example, by extrusion, coextrusion, rolling or any other technique known to those skilled in the art to produce metal or polymer strips.
- Notches and / or pre-notches laterally emerging strips of the invention can be obtained by means of manufacturing method as described in WO 95/11351 .
- Such a method may comprise the passage of the stabilizing strip between two rotary rollers having on their periphery a suitable profile for cutting notches and / or pre-notches laterally open on the strips.
- the invention also relates to a method of constructing a structure in reinforced soil.
- FIG 4 illustrates such a method.
- a compacted backfill 21, in which stabilizing strips 10 according to the invention are distributed, is delimited on the front side of the structure by a facing 23 constituted by juxtaposing prefabricated elements 24, and on the rear side by the ground 25. against which is erected the retaining wall.
- the compacted embankment 21 shown on the figure 4 comprises a foundation stack 22 of concrete.
- the stabilizing strips according to the invention can bypass the stack 22 thanks to their notches and / or pre-cuts.
- the stabilizing strips 10 can be connected to the facing elements 24, and extend for a distance within the embankment 21. These stabilizing strips 10 contribute to reinforce the soil located in a reinforced zone Z on the back of the siding 23.
- the material of the embankment 21 has a great cohesion thanks to the stabilizing strips 10. It is thus able to withstand the shear stresses which are exerted due to the tensile forces experienced by the stabilizing strips 10 .
- connection of stabilizing strips on the back of the facing elements 24 ensures the maintenance of the facing applied against embankments that can be of large volume.
- the stabilizing strips 10 are integrated during the manufacture of the facing elements 24. In the frequent case where the elements 24 are prefabricated in concrete, a portion of the stabilizing strips 10 may be embedded in the molded concrete. 24. In the example of book configuration illustrated by the figure 4 the stabilizing strips 10 are arranged in horizontal planes substantially parallel to one another over the height of the structure.
- the stabilizing strips may already include notches and / or pre-bowels laterally open, the pre-cuts can be opened, for example hollowed out, by the operator on the site, just before the establishment of bands.
- the notches can be cut by the operator on the site of the book, or even at the time of installation according to obstacles to bypass.
- a tool can then make it possible to proceed with the notches in situ, for example cutting pliers or a cutting plier with two series of blades facing one another, each series being arranged according to the desired notch, for example V-shaped .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne une bande de stabilisation destinée à être utilisée dans des ouvrages en sol renforcé ou terre armée, ainsi que l'utilisation d'une telle bande pour la construction d'ouvrages en sol renforcé ou terre armée.The present invention relates to a stabilization strip for use in structures reinforced soil or armed land, and the use of such a strip for the construction of structures reinforced soil or ground.
Un ouvrage en sol renforcé associe un remblai compacté, un parement et des renforcements connectés ou non au parement.A reinforced soil structure combines a compacted embankment, a siding and reinforcements connected or not to the facing.
Divers types de renforcements peuvent être utilisés: renforcements métalliques, par exemple des tiges en acier galvanisé, ou des bandes souples de stabilisation, par exemple à base de fibres de polyester. Ils sont mis en place dans le sol avec une densité dépendant des contraintes pouvant s'exercer sur l'ouvrage. On peut citer par exemple les efforts de poussée du terrain qui sont repris par le frottement sol-renforcements.Various types of reinforcements may be used: metal reinforcements, for example galvanized steel rods, or flexible stabilizing strips, for example based on polyester fibers. They are placed in the soil with a density depending on the constraints that can be exerted on the structure. For example, the thrust forces of the ground that are taken up by the friction soil-reinforcements.
Le parement est le plus souvent réalisé à partir d'éléments préfabriqués en béton, en forme de dalles ou de blocs, juxtaposés pour recouvrir la face frontale de l'ouvrage.The facing is most often made from prefabricated concrete elements in the form of slabs or blocks, juxtaposed to cover the front face of the structure.
Dans certains cas, les renforcements sont fournis sous forme de bandes souples sensiblement parallélépipédiques, par exemple, dont toutes les faces sont des rectangles. Couramment de telles bandes présentent une largeur plus grande que leur épaisseur, par exemple dix fois plus grande, voir même 100 fois plus grande.In some cases, the reinforcements are provided in the form of substantially parallelepipedal flexible strips, for example, all of whose faces are rectangles. Commonly such strips have a width greater than their thickness, for example ten times larger, or even 100 times larger.
De telle bandes souples peuvent présenter une longueur d'environ 3 à 10 mètres, bien que des bandes plus courtes ou plus longues puissent être employées. La largeur de telles bandes est généralement comprise entre 4 et 6 centimètres bien qu'il soit possible d'employer des bandes de largeur allant jusqu'à 10 ou 25 centimètres, voire d'avantage. Leur épaisseur varie, par exemple, d'environ 1 millimètre à quelques centimètres et est généralement comprise entre 1 à 6 millimètres.Such flexible strips may have a length of about 3 to 10 meters, although shorter or longer strips may be employed. The width of such strips is generally between 4 and 6 centimeters although it is possible to use strips width of up to 10 or 25 centimeters, or even more. Their thickness varies, for example, from about 1 millimeter to a few centimeters and is generally between 1 to 6 millimeters.
Il existe des bandes de stabilisation non renforcées ou renforcées au moyen, par exemple, de fibres ou fils parallèles.There are stabilization bands unreinforced or reinforced by means of, for example, fibers or parallel threads.
Le but des bandes de stabilisation est de transmettre les forces dans le sol ou la terre et ainsi de distribuer les efforts.The purpose of the stabilization strips is to transmit the forces into the ground or earth and thus distribute the forces.
En particulier, il est nécessaire de transmettre les forces entre une bande et le remblai dans lequel elle est placée. La bande doit donc avoir une superficie suffisante pour développer par le frottement la résistance au cisaillement exigée par unité de longueur.In particular, it is necessary to transmit forces between a strip and the embankment in which it is placed. The strip must therefore have a sufficient area to develop by friction the required shear strength per unit length.
De plus, la bande est préférentiellement capable de transmettre les efforts sur toute sa longueur permettant une grande résistance à la traction.In addition, the band is preferably capable of transmitting the forces along its entire length, allowing a high tensile strength.
Une solution connue de l'homme du métier consiste à utiliser des bandes parallélépipédiques de polyéthylène renforcées de fibres de polyester disposées parallèlement entre elles dans le volume de ladite bande.A solution known to those skilled in the art consists in using parallelepiped strips of polyethylene reinforced with polyester fibers arranged parallel to each other in the volume of said strip.
Une autre solution, décrite dans
Un autre exemple de bande de stabilisation est décrit dans
L'utilisation de telles bandes de stabilisation dans des ouvrages en sol renforcé peut présenter des difficultés en particulier lors de la présence d'obstacles dans l'ouvrage. Par exemple, la présence de colonnes de support verticales ou de canalisations peut gêner la disposition des bandes de stabilisation.The use of such stabilizing bands in structures with reinforced soil may present difficulties especially when there are obstacles in the structure. For example, the presence of vertical support columns or pipes may interfere with the disposition of the stabilization strips.
En effet, une telle bande de stabilisation présente structurellement une grande rigidité dans leur plan de pose. Il est donc très difficile d'imposer une déviation à de telles bandes de manière à contourner les éventuels obstacles.Indeed, such a stabilizing strip structurally has a high rigidity in their laying plane. It is therefore very difficult to impose a deviation on such bands so as to circumvent any obstacles.
Une telle bande de stabilisation est généralement disposée à plat, sa largeur et sa longueur étant sensiblement dans un plan horizontal, définissant ainsi le plan principal d'une telle bande de stabilisationSuch a stabilizing strip is generally arranged flat, its width and length being substantially in a horizontal plane, thus defining the main plane of such a stabilizing strip
Un but de la présente invention est de proposer une bande de stabilisation à laquelle il est possible d'imposer une déviation.An object of the present invention is to provide a stabilizing strip to which it is possible to impose a deflection.
L'invention propose ainsi une bande de stabilisation destinée à être utilisée dans des ouvrages en sol renforcé comprenant des entailles et/ou des pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes permettant d'imposer un rayon de courbure fini à ladite bande.The invention thus proposes a stabilization strip intended to be used in reinforced soil structures comprising notches and / or laterally emergent pre-cuts enabling a finite radius of curvature to be imposed on said strip.
Selon l'invention, on entend par débouchante latéralement une entaille ou pré-entaille dont une extrémité se situe dans le volume de la bande et une autre extrémité débouche en surface de la bande de son coté latéral.According to the invention, the term laterally opens a notch or pre-notch whose one end is in the volume of the strip and another end opens on the surface of the strip on its side side.
Avantageusement, les entailles ou pré-entailles permettent d'imposer une déviation à la bande de stabilisation tout en conservant une rigidité suffisante de la bande et une durée de vie suffisante pour assurer la stabilisation de l'ouvrage en sol renforcé.Advantageously, the notches or pre-cuts allow to impose a deviation to the stabilization band while maintaining sufficient rigidity of the band and a sufficient life to ensure the stabilization of the structure in reinforced soil.
Une bande de stabilisation selon l'invention peut en outre comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques optionnelles ci-dessous, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons possibles:
- ladite bande comprend au moins une paire d'entailles
- ladite bande est fournie sous forme d'une bande sensiblement parallélépipédique, par exemple, dont toutes les faces sont des rectangles,
- les entailles ou pré-entailles s'étendent sensiblement dans le plan principal de ladite bande et selon la largeur de ladite bande,
- ladite bande comprend une matrice à base de polymères, par exemple à base de polyéthylène ;
- les entailles et/ou pré-entailles sont aptes à permettre d'imposer un rayon de courbure sensiblement dans le plan principal de ladite bande de stabilisation ;
- ladite bande comprend une partie centrale s'étendant sensiblement le long de l'axe longitudinal de ladite bande, ladite partie centrale ayant des parties qui font saillie latéralement, où lesdites parties latérales comprennent des entailles et/ou pré-entailles;
- les entailles et/ou pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes sont disposées à des intervalles réguliers sur la partie latérale de ladite bande;
- les entailles et/ou pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes sont disposées à des intervalles irrégulièrs sur la partie latérale de ladite bande;
- lesdites parties latérales présentent une épaisseur plus faible que ladite partie centrale sur laquelle elles font saillie ;
- ladite partie centrale comprend un renfort longitudinal apte à résister en traction ;
- ledit renfort longitudinal est une corde et/ou des fibres ou fils polymérique(s) ;
- la partie latérale s'étend longitudinalement.
- said band comprises at least one pair of notches
- said band is provided in the form of a substantially parallelepipedal band, for example, all of whose faces are rectangles,
- the notches or pre-cuts extend substantially in the main plane of said band and according to the width of said band,
- said band comprises a matrix based on polymers, for example based on polyethylene;
- the notches and / or pre-cuts are able to allow to impose a radius of curvature substantially in the main plane of said stabilizing strip;
- said strip comprises a central portion extending substantially along the longitudinal axis of said strip, said central portion having laterally projecting portions, wherein said side portions comprise notches and / or pre-cuts;
- the notches and / or pre-cuts laterally open are arranged at regular intervals on the lateral portion of said strip;
- the notches and / or pre-notches laterally open are arranged at irregular intervals on the lateral portion of said strip;
- said side portions have a thickness smaller than said central portion on which they project;
- said central portion comprises a longitudinal reinforcement capable of withstanding traction;
- said longitudinal reinforcement is a rope and / or fibers or polymeric threads;
- the lateral part extends longitudinally.
L'invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'une bande de stabilisation selon l'invention pour la construction d'un ouvrage en sol renforcé.The invention also relates to the use of a stabilizing strip according to the invention for the construction of a structure in reinforced soil.
L'invention se rapporte aussi à un ouvrage en sol renforcé comportant au moins une bande de stabilisation selon l'invention.The invention also relates to a reinforced soil structure comprising at least one stabilizing strip according to the invention.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de construction d'un ouvrage en sol renforcé, dans lequel on dispose un parement suivant une face frontale de l'ouvrage délimitant un volume à remblayer, on dispose des renforcements dans une zone dudit volume, on apporte du matériau de remblai dans ledit volume et on compacte le matériau de remblai, caractérisé en ce que lesdits renforcements comprennent au moins une bande de stabilisation selon l'invention.The subject of the invention is also a method for constructing a structure in reinforced soil, in which a facing is placed along a front face of the structure delimiting a volume to be filled, reinforcements are provided in an area of said volume, brings backfill material into said volume and compacts the backfill material, characterized in that said reinforcements comprise at least one stabilizing strip according to the invention.
Le procédé de construction d'un ouvrage en sol renforcé selon l'invention peut comporter une étape où l'on impose un rayon de courbure compris entre 1 et 10 mètres à ladite bande de stabilisation, ainsi qu'une étape où l'on entaille ladite au moins une bande de stabilisation au moment de la pose.The method of constructing a structure in reinforced soil according to the invention may comprise a step where a radius of curvature of between 1 and 10 meters is imposed on said stabilizing strip, as well as a step in which it is notch said at least one stabilizing strip at the time of laying.
Il est possible d'imposer à la bande une pluralité de rayon de courbure et d'obtenir ainsi toutes les formes de parcours envisageables.It is possible to impose on the band a plurality of radius of curvature and thus to obtain all possible forms of path.
Le procédé de construction d'un ouvrage en sol renforcé selon l'invention peut en outre comporter la disposition des bandes de stabilisation sur un même plan ainsi que l'ouverture des éventuelles pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes au moment de la disposition des bandes de stabilisation.The method of construction of a reinforced soil structure according to the invention may further include the provision of the stabilization strips on the same plane and the opening of any pre-notches laterally open at the time of disposition of the stabilization strips .
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:
- la
figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation avec des entailles latérales; - la
figure 2 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation avec des entailles latéralement débouchantes; - la
figure 3 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un troisième mode de réalisation avec des pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes; - la
figure 4 une vue schématique en coupe latérale d'un ouvrage en sol renforcé selon l'invention en cours de réalisation.
- the
figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment with lateral notches; - the
figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment with laterally open notches; - the
figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment with laterally open pre-notches; - the
figure 4 a schematic side sectional view of a reinforced soil structure according to the invention in progress.
Pour des raisons de clarté, les différents éléments représentés sur les figures ne sont pas nécessairement à l'échelle.For the sake of clarity, the different elements shown in the figures are not necessarily to scale.
On entend par « longitudinale » la direction suivant l'axe longitudinal de la bande, la direction « latérale » étant une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale.The term "longitudinal" means the direction along the longitudinal axis of the strip, the "lateral" direction being a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
On entend par « corde » un assemblage obtenu par torsion ou tressage d'au moins trois fibres composées d'une pluralité de fils, par exemple d'au moins trois fils, de matières textiles, synthétiques, plastiques, métalliques ou d'une combinaison de ces différentes fibres ou fils."Rope" means an assembly obtained by twisting or braiding at least three fibers composed of a plurality of threads, for example of at least three threads, of textile, synthetic, plastic, metal or a combination of these different fibers or threads.
Les cordes choisies peuvent par exemple être fines, avec un diamètre de l'ordre du millimètre ou plus épaisses avec un diamètre de l'ordre du centimètre.The chosen cords may for example be thin, with a diameter of the order of one millimeter or more thick with a diameter of about one centimeter.
Au sens de l'invention, « pré-entaille » désigne une partie de la bande de stabilisation préparée en vue d'être entaillée de manière à former une entaille latéralement débouchante. La pré-entaille peut être ouverte pour obtenir l'entaille latéralement débouchante moyennant un faible effort, par exemple en courbant la bande de stabilisation ou encore en cassant des points de jonction entre la pré-entaille et la bande de stabilisation.For the purposes of the invention, "pre-cut" designates a portion of the stabilizing strip prepared to be cut in such a manner as to form a laterally open notch. The pre-notch can be opened to obtain the notch laterally open by a small effort, for example by bending the stabilization band or by breaking junction points between the pre-notch and the stabilizing band.
La pré-entaille peut, par exemple, consister en une découpe discontinue ou un amincissement de matière selon l'entaille souhaitée, ou encore en une zone faible apte à se déchirer ou à se dégrader pour former une entaille.The pre-notch may, for example, consist of discontinuous cutting or thinning of material according to the desired notch, or a weak zone capable of tearing or degrading to form a notch.
On a représenté sur la
Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, la bande de stabilisation 10 comprend une partie centrale 12 qui s'étend sensiblement le long de l'axe longitudinal A de la bande de stabilisation 10. En saillie latérale de chaque côté de la partie centrale 12, la bande de stabilisation 10 comprend deux parties latérales 14. Chaque partie latérale comprend des entailles latéralement débouchantes 16 disposées régulièrement sur la partie latérale 14 sensiblement latéralement à la partie centrale 12.In this first embodiment, the stabilizing
La partie centrale 12 peut être en un matériau plastique tel que le polyéthylène, le polypropylène, le PVC.The
Dans ce mode de réalisation, les parties latérales 14 comprennent une pluralité d'entailles latéralement débouchante 16 disposées régulièrement de manière à permettre d'imposer un rayon de courbure sur toute la longueur de la bande 10.In this embodiment, the
Les entailles dans ce mode de réalisation présentent une forme sensiblement triangulaire, mais elles pourraient aussi bien présenter une forme rectangulaire, courbe ou irrégulière ou encore une combinaison de ces différentes formes.The notches in this embodiment have a substantially triangular shape, but they could equally well have a rectangular, curved or irregular shape or a combination of these different shapes.
Dans le cas d'entailles triangulaires, le choix de l'angle au sommet α dudit triangle est à considérer.In the case of triangular notches, the choice of the angle at the apex α of said triangle is to be considered.
En effet, plus l'angle α est grand, plus la courbure que l'on peut donner à la bande de stabilisation est importante.Indeed, the greater the angle α, the greater the curvature that can be given to the stabilization band is important.
L'angle au sommet α de l'entaille triangulaire ne devrait cependant pas être augmenté excessivement sous peine d'entraîner une réduction de la matière constituant les parties latérales telle qu'il en résulterait une diminution préjudiciable de la surface de frottement avec le sol.The angle at the apex α of the triangular notch should not, however, be increased excessively as this may cause a reduction of the material constituting the lateral parts such that a harmful reduction of the friction surface with the ground would result.
Un compromis peut donc être déterminé. Ainsi, par exemple, l'angle α est inférieur ou égal à 90°, par exemple inférieur ou égal à 50°, par exemple supérieur ou égal à 20°, par exemple supérieur ou égal à 40°.A compromise can therefore be determined. Thus, for example, the angle α is less than or equal to 90 °, for example less than or equal to 50 °, for example greater than or equal to 20 °, for example greater than or equal to 40 °.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, représenté à la
Ladite partie centrale 12 comprend un renfort longitudinal 18 apte à résister en traction et pouvant admettre un rayon de courbure dans le plan principal de la bande.Said
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la
Le renfort longitudinal peut être compris aussi bien dans l'ensemble du volume de la bande et non seulement dans la partie centrale. Les parties latérales pouvant elles aussi comprendre des renforts longitudinaux.The longitudinal reinforcement can be included both in the entire volume of the band and not only in the central part. The lateral parts may also include longitudinal reinforcements.
La partie centrale 12 se prolonge latéralement sur deux côtés par deux parties latérales 14 qui font saillies sur ladite partie centrale 12, sous la forme d'ailettes.The
Les deux parties latérales 14 présentent une épaisseur plus faible que la partie centrale 12.The two
Une ou les deux partie(s) latérale(s) 14 peut ou peuvent être pourvue(s) de nervures et/ou d'ondulation et/ou de perforation ou de tout autre moyen connu de l'homme du métier pour améliorer l'interaction par frottement avec la terre. Lesdites parties latérales 14 comprennent des entailles latéralement débouchantes 16.One or both
Comme dans le mode de réalisation de la
Selon un autre mode de réalisation représenté à la
La bande de stabilisation 10 représentée sur la
Ladite partie centrale 12 comprend une matrice en polyéthylène renforcée de fibres de polyester 19 disposées parallèlement entre elles dans le volume de ladite partie centrale 12.Said
Dans ce mode de réalisation, les parties latérales 14 comprennent une pluralité de pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes 17 disposées régulièrement de manière à permettre d'imposer un rayon de courbure sur toute la longueur de la bande 10 une fois ces pré-entailles 17 ouvertes.In this embodiment, the
Les pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes 17 dans ce mode de réalisation présentent une forme sensiblement triangulaire, maïs elle pourrait aussi bien présenter une forme rectangulaire, courbe ou irrégulière ou encore une combinaison de ces différentes formes.The laterally
Dans le cas de pré-entailles triangulaires, le choix de l'angle au sommet α dudit triangle est à considérer.In the case of triangular pre-cuts, the choice of the angle at the apex α of said triangle is to be considered.
Pour les mêmes raisons qu'expliquées en détail lors de la description du mode de réalisation de la
L'utilisation de pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes permet de ne réduire la surface des ailettes uniquement lorsque cela est souhaité. En effet, il est préférable d'avoir une grande surface de contact entre les bords latéraux et la terre ou le sol afin d'augmenter le frottement entre la bande de stabilisation et le sol et ainsi renforcer le sol.The use of laterally open pre-notches allows to reduce the surface of the fins only when desired. In fact, it is preferable to have a large contact area between the lateral edges and the earth or the ground in order to increase the friction between the stabilizing strip and the ground and thus strengthen the soil.
Une bande selon l'invention peut être produite, par exemple, par extrusion, co-extrusion, laminage ou toute autre technique connu de l'homme du métier pour produire des bandes de métal ou de polymère.A strip according to the invention can be produced, for example, by extrusion, coextrusion, rolling or any other technique known to those skilled in the art to produce metal or polymer strips.
Les entailles et/ou pré-entailles latéralement débouchantes des bandes selon l'invention peuvent être obtenues au moyen de procédé de fabrication tel que décrit dans
L'invention concerne aussi un procédé de construction d'un ouvrage en sol renforcé.The invention also relates to a method of constructing a structure in reinforced soil.
La
Le remblai compacté 21 représenté sur la
Pour assurer la cohésion du mur de soutènement, les bandes de stabilisation 10 peuvent être connectées aux éléments de parement 24, et s'étendre sur une certaine distance au sein du remblai 21. Ces bandes de stabilisation 10 contribuent à renforcer le sol situé dans une zone renforcée Z au dos du parement 23.To ensure the cohesion of the retaining wall, the stabilizing
Dans cette zone renforcée Z, le matériau du remblai 21 présente une grande cohésion grâce aux bandes de stabilisation 10. Il est ainsi en mesure de résister aux contraintes de cisaillement qui s'exercent du fait des efforts de traction subis par les bandes de stabilisation 10.In this reinforced zone Z, the material of the
La connexion de bandes de stabilisation au dos des éléments de parement 24 assure le maintien du parement appliqué contre des remblais pouvant être de grand volume.The connection of stabilizing strips on the back of the facing
Dans une réalisation possible, les bandes de stabilisation 10 sont intégrées lors de la fabrication des éléments de parement 24. Dans le cas fréquent où les éléments 24 sont préfabriqués en béton, une partie des bandes de stabilisation 10 peut être noyée dans le béton moulé d'un élément 24. Dans l'exemple de configuration d'ouvrage illustré par la
Pour édifier l'ouvrage présenté sur la
- a) mettre en place une partie des éléments de parement 24 et de la pile de fondation 22 afin d'être en mesure d'apporter ensuite du matériau de remblai sur une certaine hauteur. De façon connue, le montage et le positionnement des éléments de parement peuvent être facilités par des organes d'assemblage placés entre eux;
- b) installer les bandes de
stabilisation 10 sur le remblai déjà présent en leur imposant un rayon de courbure de manière à contourner un obstacle, notamment la pile de fondation 22; - c) apporter du matériau de remblai par-dessus la couche de bandes de
stabilisation 10 qui vient d'être installée, jusqu'au prochain niveau de bandes destabilisation 10. Ce matériau de remblai est compacté au fur et à mesure de son apport; - d) répéter les étapes a) à c) jusqu'à atteindre le niveau supérieur du remblai.
- a) set up a portion of the facing
elements 24 and thefoundation pile 22 so as to be able to then bring backfill material to a certain height. In known manner, the mounting and positioning of the facing elements can be facilitated by connecting members placed between them; - b) install the stabilization strips 10 on the embankment already present by imposing a radius of curvature so as to bypass an obstacle, including the
foundation pile 22; - c) providing backfill material over the newly installed layer of stabilizing
strips 10 to the next level of stabilizing strips 10. This backfill material is compacted as it is added; - d) Repeat steps a) to c) until the top level of the embankment is reached.
Les bandes de stabilisation peuvent déjà comporter des entailles et/ou pré-entrailles latéralement débouchantes, les pré-entailles peuvent être ouvertes, par exemple évidées, par l'opérateur sur le site, juste avant la mise en place des bandes. En outre, les entailles peuvent être découpées par l'opérateur sur le site de l'ouvrage, voire au moment de la pose en fonction des obstacles à contourner.The stabilizing strips may already include notches and / or pre-bowels laterally open, the pre-cuts can be opened, for example hollowed out, by the operator on the site, just before the establishment of bands. In addition, the notches can be cut by the operator on the site of the book, or even at the time of installation according to obstacles to bypass.
Un outil peut alors permettre de procéder aux entailles in situ, par exemple des pinces coupantes ou une pince coupante avec deux séries de lames en regard l'une de l'autre, chaque série étant disposée selon l'entaille désirée, par exemple en V.A tool can then make it possible to proceed with the notches in situ, for example cutting pliers or a cutting plier with two series of blades facing one another, each series being arranged according to the desired notch, for example V-shaped .
Il est à noter que de très nombreuses variantes peuvent être apportées à la structure précédemment décrite et à son procédé de réalisation.It should be noted that many variations can be made to the previously described structure and its method of production.
L'invention ne se limite pas à ces types de réalisation et doit être interprétée de façon non limitative, et englobant tout mode de réalisation équivalent.The invention is not limited to these types of embodiments and must be interpreted in a nonlimiting manner, and encompassing any equivalent embodiment.
Claims (14)
- Stabilizing strip (10) intended to be used in reinforced earth structures characterized in that said strip comprises laterally-opening notches (16) and/or pre-notches (17) making it possible to impose a finite radius of curvature on said strip (10).
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said strip comprises a polymer-based matrix, for example polyethylene-based.
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the notches (16) and/or pre-notches (17) are capable of allowing a radius of curvature to be imposed, approximately in the principal plane of said stabilizing strip.
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a central part (12) extending approximately along the longitudinal axis (A) of said strip, said central part (12) having laterally-protruding parts (14) characterized in that said lateral parts (14) comprise notches (16) and/or pre-notches (17).
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the laterally-opening notches (16) and/or pre-notches (17) are arranged at regular intervals on the lateral part (14).
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that said lateral parts (14) are less thick than said central part (12) from which they protrude.
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to any of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that said central part (12) comprises a longitudinal reinforcement (18, 19) having a high tensile strength.
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that said longitudinal reinforcement (18, 19) is a cord and/or polymer fibres or yarn.
- Stabilizing strip (10) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the lateral part (14) extends longitudinally.
- Use of a stabilizing strip (10) according to any one of the previous claims for the construction of a reinforced earth structure.
- Reinforced earth structure comprising at least one stabilizing strip (10), according to any of claims 1 to 9.
- Construction method for a reinforced earth structure, in which a facing (24) is arranged over a front surface of the structure delimiting a volume to be backfilled, reinforcements (10) are arranged in one zone of said volume, backfill material (21) is placed in said volume and the backfill material (21) is compacted, characterized in that said reinforcements (10) comprise at least one stabilizing strip (10) according to any of claims 1 to 9.
- Construction method for a reinforced earth structure according to claim 12, characterized in that a radius of curvature of between 1 and 10 metres is imposed on said stabilizing strip (10).
- Construction method for a reinforced earth structure according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that said at least one stabilizing strip (10) is notched during installation.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL08166646T PL2050879T3 (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2008-10-15 | Stabilisation strip designed to be used in structures with reinforced floor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0707241A FR2922235B1 (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2007-10-16 | STABILIZING STRIP INTENDED FOR USE IN STRENGTHENED SOIL WORKS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2050879A1 EP2050879A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
EP2050879B1 true EP2050879B1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
Family
ID=39348956
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08166646A Not-in-force EP2050879B1 (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2008-10-15 | Stabilisation strip designed to be used in structures with reinforced floor |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7789590B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2050879B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5288986B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE453760T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602008000485D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2337315T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2922235B1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1128739A1 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20100025T1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2050879T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2919631B1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2013-08-09 | Terre Armee Int | REINFORCED STABILIZING STRIP INTENDED FOR USE IN REINFORCED STRUCTURED WORKS |
US8632278B2 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2014-01-21 | T & B Structural Systems Llc | Mechanically stabilized earth welded wire facing connection system and method |
US8632282B2 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2014-01-21 | T & B Structural Systems Llc | Mechanically stabilized earth system and method |
US8632280B2 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2014-01-21 | T & B Structural Systems Llc | Mechanically stabilized earth welded wire facing connection system and method |
US8734059B2 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2014-05-27 | T&B Structural Systems Llc | Soil reinforcing element for a mechanically stabilized earth structure |
FR3016904B1 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-02-05 | Terre Armee Int | REINFORCED STABILIZATION STRIP FOR REINFORCED REINFORCING ARTICLES WITH FUNCTIONALIZED SHEATH |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1905176A (en) * | 1932-06-13 | 1933-04-25 | Edwin F Kieckhefer | Method of and means for preparing lawns |
FR2325778A1 (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1977-04-22 | Vidal Henri | REINFORCEMENT FOR WORK IN ARMED EARTH |
GB2014221B (en) * | 1977-11-15 | 1982-04-15 | Transport Secretary Of State F | Stabilising elements for earth strucutres |
JPS5639238A (en) * | 1979-09-05 | 1981-04-14 | Tetsushi Okudaira | Banking slope protection system |
GB8517152D0 (en) * | 1985-07-05 | 1985-08-14 | Vidal H | Metal strip |
US4834584A (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-30 | Hilfiker William K | Dual swiggle reinforcement system |
GB8800309D0 (en) * | 1988-01-07 | 1988-02-10 | Vidal H | Earth stabilisation |
IT1237841B (en) * | 1989-11-24 | 1993-06-18 | Giuseppe Sala | CORROSION-RESISTANT SOIL REINFORCEMENT ARMOR |
WO1995011351A1 (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-04-27 | Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri Vidal | Strip for use in stabilised earth structures |
JPH1046583A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1998-02-17 | Fujita Corp | Reinforcing construction method of backing having wall surface |
US6050746A (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 2000-04-18 | Michael W. Wilson | Underground reinforced soil/metal structures |
US7270502B2 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2007-09-18 | Richard Brown | Stabilized earth structure reinforcing elements |
KR100615472B1 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2006-08-25 | 이정수 | Reinforcing strip for supporting reinforced earth wall and its placement method |
-
2007
- 2007-10-16 FR FR0707241A patent/FR2922235B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-10-15 PL PL08166646T patent/PL2050879T3/en unknown
- 2008-10-15 EP EP08166646A patent/EP2050879B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-10-15 US US12/251,696 patent/US7789590B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-15 DE DE602008000485T patent/DE602008000485D1/en active Active
- 2008-10-15 JP JP2008266774A patent/JP5288986B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-15 ES ES08166646T patent/ES2337315T3/en active Active
- 2008-10-15 AT AT08166646T patent/ATE453760T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-09-07 HK HK09108205.5A patent/HK1128739A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-01-14 HR HR20100025T patent/HRP20100025T1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090123238A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
FR2922235B1 (en) | 2009-12-18 |
EP2050879A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
HRP20100025T1 (en) | 2010-02-28 |
DE602008000485D1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
HK1128739A1 (en) | 2009-11-06 |
ATE453760T1 (en) | 2010-01-15 |
ES2337315T3 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
JP5288986B2 (en) | 2013-09-11 |
FR2922235A1 (en) | 2009-04-17 |
JP2009097333A (en) | 2009-05-07 |
US7789590B2 (en) | 2010-09-07 |
PL2050879T3 (en) | 2010-05-31 |
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