EP2047948A2 - Device for grinding workpieces - Google Patents

Device for grinding workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2047948A2
EP2047948A2 EP08016593A EP08016593A EP2047948A2 EP 2047948 A2 EP2047948 A2 EP 2047948A2 EP 08016593 A EP08016593 A EP 08016593A EP 08016593 A EP08016593 A EP 08016593A EP 2047948 A2 EP2047948 A2 EP 2047948A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
grinding
pressure
actuator
grinding element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08016593A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2047948A3 (en
Inventor
Paul Ernst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PAUL ERNST MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH
Original Assignee
PAUL ERNST MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH
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Publication of EP2047948A2 publication Critical patent/EP2047948A2/en
Publication of EP2047948A3 publication Critical patent/EP2047948A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/04—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/12—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding travelling elongated stock, e.g. strip-shaped work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/002—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor for travelling workpieces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for grinding workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Grinding devices incorporating e.g. Workpieces made of steel are machined on their underside, known in the art abrasive elements in the form of occupied with abrasive cloth or sandpaper frame-fixed sanding rollers or belt grinding units.
  • the latter have an endless abrasive belt, which is guided over a workpiece-contacting frame-fixed contact roller and two or more guide rollers.
  • the workpieces travel over driven rubberized support rollers which, viewed in the conveying direction of the workpiece, are arranged upstream and downstream of the grinding rollers or abrasive belts.
  • pressure-loaded pressure rollers are arranged which press on the workpiece, while this along the path defined by the idlers and pressure rollers conveying path on the grinding roller, or the Contact roller is moved.
  • the grinding elements are dependent on the desired degradation capacity, ie. the amount of material to be removed per unit time from the workpiece, adjusted in such a way that the contact lines of the loop elements with the workpiece are correspondingly higher than the contact lines between the workpiece and the support rollers.
  • the invention provides the advantage that workpieces of substantially identical shape, regardless of e.g. a plane-parallelism tolerance brought about by a thermal separation process can be passed through the device immediately one after the other, without this having to be newly set to the respective degree of deformation of a workpiece each time.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to grind the main surfaces of a substantially planar workpiece, irrespective of the respective tolerance, in order to clamp the workpiece, e.g. completely rid of burrs in the area of its underside.
  • Another advantage of the device according to the invention is that it does not damage even the otherwise plane-parallel workpieces, which are greatly deformed by the previous machining operation, the preferably rubber-elastic lateral surface of the grinding roller or contact roller.
  • a device for grinding a flat workpiece which along along at least partially driven support rollers and pressure rollers defined transport path is required, extending in the transport path into a circumferential grinding element, which contacts the workpiece on its way along the transport path circumferentially.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises pressure means, which act on the rotating grinding element in the direction of the workpiece with a resilient pressure force, such that the rotating grinding element of the contour of the flat workpiece is made flexible following the workpiece.
  • the pressure means may also have linear guides, they preferably have first and second swiveling levers or rocker arms rotatably receiving the revolving grinding element and an actuator acting on them, in particular a pneumatic cylinder.
  • an electronic control device which regulates the pressing force with which the actuator acts on the revolving grinding element and / or the position thereof.
  • the device according to the invention preferably has a workpiece width detection device connected to the electronic control device, which is arranged upstream of the revolving grinding element in the workpiece conveying direction and from which the electronic control device receives signals which correspond to the currently measured width of the workpiece in the region of the workpiece width detection device.
  • the electronic control device changes the force of the actuator in response to the signals of the workpiece width detection means in such a way that the ratio of pressure force and workpiece width corresponds to a substantially constant preset value, for example, before the processing of a particular workpiece type can be entered by the operator.
  • This has the advantage that the contact pressure - and thus the degradation - not on the current width of a Workpiece in the region of the rotating abrasive, whereby the load of the abrasive for narrow workpieces compared to grinding devices, where the pressure is constant, reduced, and the specific material removal is made uniform.
  • the electronic control device controls the actuator in response to signals of the workpiece width detection means in such a way that the rotating grinding element is moved from a position outside the transport path into this when the workpiece leading edge is in the region of the peripheral grinding element. In a corresponding manner, the rotating grinding element is moved out of the transport path after the workpiece trailing edge has passed the rotating grinding element.
  • the support rollers and / or the pressure rollers are driven, for example via a revolving chain with a substantially constant rotational speed.
  • the electronic control device changes the pressing force with which the actuator acts on the revolving grinding element in a controlled manner as a function of the workpiece width detected by the workpiece width detecting device.
  • a rotation angle sensor is preferably arranged on one of the support rollers and / or pressure rollers, which detects the angular position of the roller, which together with the associated, determined by the workpiece width detection means instantaneous workpiece width. is cached in the electronic control device.
  • the abutment pressure of the grinding member corresponding to the associated workpiece width value is correspondingly reduced or increased by the electronic control means.
  • the rotating grinding element in the direction of the workpiece movable counter-pressure roller assigned, which is arranged on the opposite side of the transport path, and which is hired by further pressure means with a resilient counterforce to the workpiece
  • the further pressure means preferably have a further actuator, in particular a pneumatic cylinder, whose pressure force is changed by the electronic control device in response to the resilient pressure force with which the rotating grinding element is placed against the workpiece to prevent the workpiece in the direction of Dodge roller out dodges.
  • the adjustment of the contact pressure of the further actuator is preferably carried out during the entire implementation process of the workpiece by the device automatically.
  • the grinding element is formed by a grinding roller arranged on the underside of the transport path.
  • the grinding device comprises a machine stand consisting of two cheeks or side panels 1, four trusses 2 and two trusses 3.
  • a support frame 5 is added, which consists of two inner cheeks or side panels 5a and two other trusses 6.
  • the trusses 6 are preferably provided for receiving the threaded spindle 4 with an internal thread.
  • the threaded spindles 4 are driven by a gear motor 7, a chain 8 and sprockets 9 to the Adjust workpiece thickness.
  • the support frame 5 is preferably loaded by springs 10 rubberized pressure rollers 11, which are each mounted on rocking levers 12, which can be pivoted about an associated pin 13.
  • a counter-pressure roller 14 is mounted on the support frame 5, which is rotatably mounted on a rocker arm 15 arranged on both sides, which is preferably also received about a pin 16 pivotally mounted on the inner cheeks 5a.
  • the rocker arms 15 are acted upon by an actuator in the form of an air cylinder 16a attached to both sides of the working width with a resilient pressure force to the counter-pressure roller 14 to the workpiece.
  • the pressure rollers 11 are opposite to the two cheeks 1 preferably rubberized support rollers 18 are rotatably received, which are driven by a motor, preferably a geared motor 19, sprockets 21 and a chain 22 guided over all sprockets 21 together.
  • the support rollers 18 define together with the pressure rollers 11 a transport path 100 for the incoming workpiece 33rd
  • a grinding element in the form of a grinding roller 23 or a contact roller, not shown, over which an endless abrasive belt is guided, is by an electric motor not shown in detail, for. powered by V-belt pulleys and V-belts.
  • the grinding roller 23 is covered with a rubber coating 24, on the circumferential surface of which the abrasive 25 - e.g. Sandpaper or abrasive cloth - is fixed and stretched in a known manner.
  • the abrasive 25 - e.g. Sandpaper or abrasive cloth - is fixed and stretched in a known manner.
  • the grinding roller 23 is preferably mounted in two bearing bushes 26, each resting on an associated guide roller 27.
  • Each guide roller 27 is preferably mounted on two rocker arms 28, which are connected to one another via a connecting element 29 and are pivotable by means of bolts 30.
  • the bolts 30 are supported as in Fig. 2 shown, over two angles 30a on the cheeks 1 of the machine stand from. As a result, the entire unit consisting of the two oscillating levers or pivoting levers 28 and the connecting element 29 is pivotally mounted on the bolt 30.
  • This unit which is mounted on the left and right of the working width, is supported in each case on an actuator, which is preferably designed as a pneumatic cylinder 31.
  • the unit consisting of the two rocker arms 28, the connecting element 29, the bolt 30, the angle 30a and the pneumatic cylinder 31 is hereinafter also referred to as pressure means for the sake of simplicity.
  • a workpiece width detecting device is mounted in the form of a light grid 32, which is e.g. may consist of a plurality of light sources and associated light sensors not shown in detail, which detect the instantaneous width of the workpiece 33 when passing through the transport path 100 as well as the entry of the leading and trailing edges of the workpiece 33 in the transport path 100.
  • the running in the direction indicated by the arrow 102 conveying direction workpiece 33 passes over the light grid 32, which detects the leading edge of the workpiece 33, and thereafter scans the width of the workpiece 33 until the trailing edge of the workpiece 33 has passed the light grid 32.
  • An electronic control device which communicates with the light grid 32 as well as a solenoid valve (not shown) associated with each pneumatic cylinder 31, controls the solenoid valves in such a manner that the grinding roller 23 is set against the underside of the workpiece when the leading edge of the workpiece 33 is perpendicular to the grinding roller 23.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 31 - relieved by the electronic control device - relieved so that the grinding roller 23 moves back due to its own weight in the starting position in which the peripheral surface of the grinding roller 23 outside of Transport path 102 is located.
  • the support roller 14 is pressed according to the grinding pressure by the further pneumatic cylinder 16a on the workpiece 33 to produce a resilient counterforce, which counteracts the pressure force generated by the pneumatic cylinder 31.
  • the pressure rollers 11 are also loaded with a substantially constant force of the springs 10, whereas the support rollers or support rollers 18 are mounted fixed to the frame in the machine stand.
  • the respectively desired workpiece thickness is set before machining a workpiece series via the motor 7, the sprockets 9, the chain 18 and the threaded spindles 4 and threaded nuts 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus has rubberized pressure rollers (11) and supporting rollers (18) defining a transport path (100) along a workpiece (33), and a grinding roll (23) extending into the path and contacting the workpiece circumferentially on the way along the path. A pressure device applies elastic pressure force to the grinding roll in a direction of the workpiece such that the grinding roll is set flexibly against the workpiece in such a way to follow a contour of the workpiece. A counter-pressure roller (14) is assigned to the grinding roll and arranged on an opposite side of the path.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Schleifen von Werkstücken gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a device for grinding workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.

Schleifvorrichtungen, mit denen z.B. Werkstücke aus Stahl auf ihrer Unterseite bearbeitet werden, weisen bekannter Maßen Schleifelemente in Form von mit Schleifleinen oder Schleifpapier besetzten gestellfesten Schleifwalzen oder Bandschleifeinheiten auf. Letztere besitzten ein endloses Schleifband, welches über eine das Werkstück kontaktierende gestellfeste Kontaktwalze sowie zwei oder mehrere Umlenkwalzen geführt wird.Grinding devices incorporating e.g. Workpieces made of steel are machined on their underside, known in the art abrasive elements in the form of occupied with abrasive cloth or sandpaper frame-fixed sanding rollers or belt grinding units. The latter have an endless abrasive belt, which is guided over a workpiece-contacting frame-fixed contact roller and two or more guide rollers.

Bei den zuvor erwähnten Schleifvorrichtungen des Standes der Technik laufen die Werkstücke über angetriebene gummierte Tragrollen, die in Förderrichtung des Werkstücks betrachtet den Schleifwalzen oder Schleifbänder vor- und nachgeordnet sind.In the aforementioned prior art grinding apparatuses, the workpieces travel over driven rubberized support rollers which, viewed in the conveying direction of the workpiece, are arranged upstream and downstream of the grinding rollers or abrasive belts.

Zur besseren Mitnahme des Werkstücks sind oberhalb der Tragrollen auf der der Schleifwalze gegenüberliegenden Seite des Werkstücks in der Regel mit Federdruck belastete Druckrollen angeordnet, die auf das Werkstück drücken, während dieses entlang des durch die Tragrollen und Druckrollen definierten Förderpfades über die Schleifwalze, bzw. die Kontakwalze bewegt wird.For better entrainment of the workpiece above the idlers on the opposite side of the grinding roller usually pressure-loaded pressure rollers are arranged which press on the workpiece, while this along the path defined by the idlers and pressure rollers conveying path on the grinding roller, or the Contact roller is moved.

Die Schleifelemente werden in Abhängigkeit von der gewünschten Abbauleistung, dh. der pro Zeiteinheit vom Werkstück abzutragen Menge an Material, in der Weise eingestellt, dass die Berührungslinien der Schleifeelemente mit dem Werkstück entsprechend höher liegen, als die Berührungslinien zwischen dem Werkstück und den Tragrollen.The grinding elements are dependent on the desired degradation capacity, ie. the amount of material to be removed per unit time from the workpiece, adjusted in such a way that the contact lines of the loop elements with the workpiece are correspondingly higher than the contact lines between the workpiece and the support rollers.

Mit den zuvor beschriebenen Schleifvorrichtungen des Standes der Technik ist es aufgrund der gestellfesten Anordnung der Rollen und Schleifelemente lediglich möglich, die Unterseite von ebenen Werkstücken plan zu schleifen.With the grinding devices of the prior art described above, due to the frame-fixed arrangement of the rollers and grinding elements, it is only possible to plan flat the underside of flat workpieces.

Wenn die zuvor beschriebenen Schleifeeinrichtungen hingegen zum Entfernen von Grat eingesetzt werden, wie er beispielsweise beim thermischen Trennen von Stahlteilen entsteht, ergeben sich im Hinblick auf die Bearbeitung der Werkstücke Probleme, da diese durch das thermische Trennen häufig über die üblichen Toleranzen hinaus konkav oder konvex verformt sind.On the other hand, when the above-described loop devices are used to remove burrs, such as those caused by thermal cutting of steel parts, there are problems in terms of machining the workpieces, since they often deform concavely or convexly beyond the usual tolerances due to thermal separation are.

Demgemäß ist es eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Schleifeinrichtung zu schaffen, welche ebenfalls eine Bearbeitung von insbesondere durch einen thermischen Trennvorgang verformten Werkstücken ermöglicht.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a grinding device which also enables machining of workpieces, in particular deformed by a thermal cutting process.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Further features of the invention are described in the subclaims.

Durch die Erfindung ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass Werkstücke von im Wesentlichen identischer Form ohne Rücksicht auf die durch z.B. einen thermischen Trennvorgang bewirkte Planparallelitätstoleranz unmittelbar nacheinander durch die Vorrichtung hindurchgeführt werden können, ohne das diese hierzu jedes Mal neu auf den jeweiligen Grad der Verformung eines Werkstücks eingerichtet werden muss.The invention provides the advantage that workpieces of substantially identical shape, regardless of e.g. a plane-parallelism tolerance brought about by a thermal separation process can be passed through the device immediately one after the other, without this having to be newly set to the respective degree of deformation of a workpiece each time.

Insbesondere ermöglicht es die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, die Hauptflächen eines im Wesentlichen ebenen Werkstücks unabhängig von der jeweiligen Toleranz zu überschleifen, um das Werkstück z.B. im Bereich seiner Unterseite vollständig von Graten zu befreien.In particular, the device according to the invention makes it possible to grind the main surfaces of a substantially planar workpiece, irrespective of the respective tolerance, in order to clamp the workpiece, e.g. completely rid of burrs in the area of its underside.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht darin, dass es selbst bei ansonsten planparallelen Werkstücken, die durch den vorhergehenden Bearbeitungsvorgangs stark verformt sind, nicht zu einer Beschädigung der bevorzugt gummielastischen Mantelfläche der Schleifwalze oder Kontaktwalze kommt.Another advantage of the device according to the invention is that it does not damage even the otherwise plane-parallel workpieces, which are greatly deformed by the previous machining operation, the preferably rubber-elastic lateral surface of the grinding roller or contact roller.

Gemäß der Erfindung umfasst eine Vorrichtung zum Schleifen eines flächigen Werkstücks, welches entlang eines durch zumindest teilweise angetriebene Tragrollen und Druckrollen definierten Transportpfades gefordert wird, ein sich in den Transportpfad hinein erstreckendes umlaufendes Schleifelement, welches das Werkstück auf seinem Weg entlang des Transportpfades umfänglich kontaktiert. Die Vorrichtung umfasst erfindungsgemäß weiterhin Andruckmittel, welche das umlaufende Schleifelement in Richtung zum Werkstück hin mit einer federelastischen Andruckkraft beaufschlagen, derart, dass das umlaufende Schleifelement der Kontur des flächigen Werkstücks folgend flexibel an das Werkstück angestellt wird.According to the invention, a device for grinding a flat workpiece, which along along at least partially driven support rollers and pressure rollers defined transport path is required, extending in the transport path into a circumferential grinding element, which contacts the workpiece on its way along the transport path circumferentially. The device according to the invention further comprises pressure means, which act on the rotating grinding element in the direction of the workpiece with a resilient pressure force, such that the rotating grinding element of the contour of the flat workpiece is made flexible following the workpiece.

Obgleich die Andruckmittel auch Linearführungen aufweisen können, besitzen diese bevorzugt einen ersten und zweiten, das umlaufende Schleifelement drehbar aufnehmenden Schwenkhebel oder Schwinghebel sowie einen auf diesen wirkenden Aktuator, insbesondere einen Pneumatikzylinder.Although the pressure means may also have linear guides, they preferably have first and second swiveling levers or rocker arms rotatably receiving the revolving grinding element and an actuator acting on them, in particular a pneumatic cylinder.

Um den Aktuator zu betätigen, ist bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung eine elektronische Steuerungsvorrichtung vorgesehen, welche die Andruckkraft, mit der der Aktuator das umlaufende Schleifelement beaufschlagt, und/oder die Position desselben, reguliert.In order to actuate the actuator, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, an electronic control device is provided which regulates the pressing force with which the actuator acts on the revolving grinding element and / or the position thereof.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung besitzt bevorzugt eine mit der elektronischen Steuerungsvorrichtung verbundene Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung, welche in Werkstückförderrichtung betrachtet stromaufwärts des umlaufenden Schleifelements angeordnet ist, und von welcher die elektronische Steuerungsvorrichtung Signale erhält, welche der momentan gemessenen Breite des Werkstücks im Bereich der Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung entsprechen.The device according to the invention preferably has a workpiece width detection device connected to the electronic control device, which is arranged upstream of the revolving grinding element in the workpiece conveying direction and from which the electronic control device receives signals which correspond to the currently measured width of the workpiece in the region of the workpiece width detection device.

Nach einem weiteren der Erfindung zu Grunde liegenden Gedanken verändert die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung die Kraft des Aktuators in Abhängigkeit von den Signalen der Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung in der Weise, dass das Verhältnis aus Andruckkraft und Werkstückbreite einem im Wesentlichen konstanten Vorgabewert entspricht, der beispielsweise vor der Bearbeitung einer bestimmten Werkstückart vom Bediener eingegeben werden kann. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass der Anpressdruck - und damit die Abbauleistung - nicht von der momentanen Breite eines Werkstücks im Bereich des umlaufenden Schleifmittels abhängt, wodurch die Belastung des Schleifmittels bei schmalen Werkstücken gegenüber Schleifvorrichtungen, bei denen die an Andruckkraft konstant ist, verringert und der spezifische Materialabtrag vergleichmäßigt wird.According to another underlying idea of the invention, the electronic control device changes the force of the actuator in response to the signals of the workpiece width detection means in such a way that the ratio of pressure force and workpiece width corresponds to a substantially constant preset value, for example, before the processing of a particular workpiece type can be entered by the operator. This has the advantage that the contact pressure - and thus the degradation - not on the current width of a Workpiece in the region of the rotating abrasive, whereby the load of the abrasive for narrow workpieces compared to grinding devices, where the pressure is constant, reduced, and the specific material removal is made uniform.

Weiterhin kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung den Aktuator in Abhängigkeit von Signalen der Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung in der Weise steuert, dass das umlaufende Schleifelement aus einer Position außerhalb des Transportpfades in diesen hinein bewegt wird, wenn sich die Werkstückvorderkante im Bereich des umlaufenden Schleifelements befindet. In entsprechender Weise wird das umlaufende Schleifelement aus dem Transportpfad heraus bewegt, nachdem die Werkstückhinterkante das umlaufende Schleifelement passiert hat.Furthermore, it may be provided that the electronic control device controls the actuator in response to signals of the workpiece width detection means in such a way that the rotating grinding element is moved from a position outside the transport path into this when the workpiece leading edge is in the region of the peripheral grinding element. In a corresponding manner, the rotating grinding element is moved out of the transport path after the workpiece trailing edge has passed the rotating grinding element.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die Tragrollen und/oder die Druckrollen beispielsweise über eine umlaufende Kette mit einer im Wesentlichen konstanten Drehgeschwindigkeit angetrieben. Hierbei kann es in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen sein, dass die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung die Andruckkraft, mit der der Aktuator das umlaufende Schleifelement beaufschlagt, in Abhängigkeit von der durch die Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung erfassten Werkstückbreite streckengesteuert verändert. Für die streckengesteuerte Erfassung ist dabei bevorzugt an einer der Tragrollen und/oder Druckrollen ein Drehwinkelgeber angeordnet, welcher die Winkelgradstellung der Rolle erfasst, die zusammen mit der zugehörigen, von der Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung ermittelten momentanen Werkstückbreite z.B. in der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung zwischengespeichert wird. Nachdem sich der Drehwinkelwert um einen vorgegebenen Drehwinkelbetrag erhöht hat, welcher dem Abstand zwischen der Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung und der Berührungslinie zwischen dem Werkstück und dem umlaufenden Schleifelement entspricht, wird der Anstelldruck des Schleifelements entsprechend dem zugehörigen Wert für die Werkstückbreite von der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung entsprechend verringert oder erhöht.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the support rollers and / or the pressure rollers are driven, for example via a revolving chain with a substantially constant rotational speed. In this case, it may be provided in an advantageous manner that the electronic control device changes the pressing force with which the actuator acts on the revolving grinding element in a controlled manner as a function of the workpiece width detected by the workpiece width detecting device. For the distance-controlled detection, a rotation angle sensor is preferably arranged on one of the support rollers and / or pressure rollers, which detects the angular position of the roller, which together with the associated, determined by the workpiece width detection means instantaneous workpiece width. is cached in the electronic control device. After the rotational angle value has increased by a predetermined rotational angle amount corresponding to the distance between the workpiece width detecting means and the contact line between the workpiece and the revolving grinding member, the abutment pressure of the grinding member corresponding to the associated workpiece width value is correspondingly reduced or increased by the electronic control means.

Nach einem weiteren der Erfindung zugrunde liegenden Gedanken ist dem umlaufenden Schleifelement eine in Richtung zum Werkstück hin verfahrbare Gegendruckrolle zugeordnet, welche auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Transportpfades angeordnet ist, und welche über weitere Andruckmittel mit einer federelastischen Gegenkraft an das Werkstück angestellt wirdAccording to another underlying idea of the invention is the rotating grinding element in the direction of the workpiece movable counter-pressure roller assigned, which is arranged on the opposite side of the transport path, and which is hired by further pressure means with a resilient counterforce to the workpiece

Hierbei besitzen die weiteren Andruckmittel bevorzugt einen weiteren Aktuator, insbesondere einen Pneumatikzylinder, dessen Andruckkraft von der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der federelastischen Andruckkraft verändert wird, mit der das umlaufende Schleifelement an das Werkstück angestellt wird, um zu verhindern, dass das Werkstück in Richtung zur Gegendruckrolle hin ausweicht. Die Verstellung des Anstelldrucks des weiteren Aktuators erfolgt dabei bevorzugt während des gesamten Durchführvorgangs des Werkstücks durch die Vorrichtung automatisch.In this case, the further pressure means preferably have a further actuator, in particular a pneumatic cylinder, whose pressure force is changed by the electronic control device in response to the resilient pressure force with which the rotating grinding element is placed against the workpiece to prevent the workpiece in the direction of Dodge roller out dodges. The adjustment of the contact pressure of the further actuator is preferably carried out during the entire implementation process of the workpiece by the device automatically.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend mit Bezug auf die Zeichnungen anhand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform beschrieben, bei der das Schleifelemente durch eine auf der Unterseite des Transportpfades angeordnete Schleifwalze gebildet wird.The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings with reference to a preferred embodiment in which the grinding element is formed by a grinding roller arranged on the underside of the transport path.

In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Schleifvorrichtung, und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Schleifvorrichtung.
In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a schematic side view of the grinding device according to the invention, and
Fig. 2
a schematic cross-sectional view of the grinding device according to the invention.

Wie in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigt ist, umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Schleifvorrichtung einen Maschinenständer, der aus zwei Wangen oder Seitenteilen 1, vier Traversen 2 und zwei Traversen 3 besteht. An vier Gewindespindeln 4, die in den Traversen 3 gelagert sind, ist ein Tragrahmen 5 aufgenommen, der aus zwei innenliegenden Wangen oder Seitenteilen 5a und zwei weiteren Traversen 6 besteht. Die Traversen 6 sind zur Aufnahme der Gewindespindel 4 bevorzugt mit einem Innengewinde versehen. Die Gewindespindeln 4 werden über einen Getriebemotor 7, eine Kette 8 und Kettenräder 9 angetrieben, um die Werkstückstärke einstellen zu können.As in Fig. 1 and 2 is shown, the grinding device according to the invention comprises a machine stand consisting of two cheeks or side panels 1, four trusses 2 and two trusses 3. At four threaded spindles 4, which are mounted in the trusses 3, a support frame 5 is added, which consists of two inner cheeks or side panels 5a and two other trusses 6. The trusses 6 are preferably provided for receiving the threaded spindle 4 with an internal thread. The threaded spindles 4 are driven by a gear motor 7, a chain 8 and sprockets 9 to the Adjust workpiece thickness.

Am Tragrahmen 5 sind bevorzugt durch Federn 10 belastete gummierte Druckrollen 11 aufgenommen, die jeweils an Schwinghebeln 12 gelagert sind, welche um einen zugehörigen Bolzen 13 verschwenkt werden können.The support frame 5 is preferably loaded by springs 10 rubberized pressure rollers 11, which are each mounted on rocking levers 12, which can be pivoted about an associated pin 13.

Zusätzlich ist am Tragrahmen 5 eine Gegendruckrolle 14 angebracht, die an einem beiderseits angeordneten Schwinghebel 15 drehbar gelagert ist, welcher bevorzugt ebenfalls um einen Bolzen 16 verschwenkbar an den innenliegenden Wangen 5a aufgenommen ist. Die Schwinghebel 15 sind durch einen beiderseits der Arbeitsbreite angebrachten Aktuator in Form eines Druckluftzylinders 16a mit einer federelastischen Andruckkraft beaufschlagbar, um die Gegendruckrolle 14 an das Werkstück anzustellen.In addition, a counter-pressure roller 14 is mounted on the support frame 5, which is rotatably mounted on a rocker arm 15 arranged on both sides, which is preferably also received about a pin 16 pivotally mounted on the inner cheeks 5a. The rocker arms 15 are acted upon by an actuator in the form of an air cylinder 16a attached to both sides of the working width with a resilient pressure force to the counter-pressure roller 14 to the workpiece.

Den Druckrollen 11 gegenüberliegend sind an den beiden Wangen 1 bevorzugt gummierte Tragrollen 18 drehbar aufgenommen, die durch einen Motor, vorzugsweise einen Getriebemotor 19, über Kettenräder 21 und eine gemeinsam über alle Kettenräder 21 geführte Kette 22 angetrieben werden. Die Tragrollen 18 definieren gemeinsam mit den Druckrollen 11 einen Transportpfad 100 für das einlaufende Werkstück 33.The pressure rollers 11 are opposite to the two cheeks 1 preferably rubberized support rollers 18 are rotatably received, which are driven by a motor, preferably a geared motor 19, sprockets 21 and a chain 22 guided over all sprockets 21 together. The support rollers 18 define together with the pressure rollers 11 a transport path 100 for the incoming workpiece 33rd

Ein Schleifelement in Form einer Schleifwalze 23 oder auch einer nicht gezeigten Kontaktwalze, über die ein endloses Schleifband geführt ist, wird von einem nicht näher gezeigten Elektromotor z.B. über Keilriemenscheiben und Keilriemen angetrieben.A grinding element in the form of a grinding roller 23 or a contact roller, not shown, over which an endless abrasive belt is guided, is by an electric motor not shown in detail, for. powered by V-belt pulleys and V-belts.

Die Schleifwalze 23 ist mit einem Gummibelag 24 belegt, auf dessen Umfangsoberfläche das Schleifmittel 25 - z.B. Schleifpapier oder Schleifleinen - in bekannter Weise befestigt und gespannt ist.The grinding roller 23 is covered with a rubber coating 24, on the circumferential surface of which the abrasive 25 - e.g. Sandpaper or abrasive cloth - is fixed and stretched in a known manner.

Die Schleifwalze 23 ist bevorzugt in zwei Lagerbüchsen 26 gelagert, die jeweils auf einer zugeordneten Führungsrolle 27 aufliegen.The grinding roller 23 is preferably mounted in two bearing bushes 26, each resting on an associated guide roller 27.

Jede Führungsrolle 27 ist bevorzugt an zwei Schwinghebeln 28 gelagert, welche über ein Verbindungselement 29 miteinander verbunden und über Bolzen 30 verschwenkbar sind.Each guide roller 27 is preferably mounted on two rocker arms 28, which are connected to one another via a connecting element 29 and are pivotable by means of bolts 30.

Die Bolzen 30 stützen sich, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, über zwei Winkel 30a an den Wangen 1 des Maschinenständers ab. Dadurch ist die gesamte Einheit bestehend aus den beiden Schwinghebeln oder Schwenkhebeln 28 und dem Verbindungselement 29 schwenkbar am Bolzen 30 gelagert.The bolts 30 are supported as in Fig. 2 shown, over two angles 30a on the cheeks 1 of the machine stand from. As a result, the entire unit consisting of the two oscillating levers or pivoting levers 28 and the connecting element 29 is pivotally mounted on the bolt 30.

Diese Einheit, die links und rechts der Arbeitsbreite angebracht ist, stützt sich jeweils an einem Aktuator ab, der bevorzugt als Pneumatikzylinder 31 ausgestaltet ist.This unit, which is mounted on the left and right of the working width, is supported in each case on an actuator, which is preferably designed as a pneumatic cylinder 31.

Die Einheit bestehend aus den beiden Schwinghebeln 28, dem Verbindungselement 29, dem Bolzen 30, dem Winkel 30a sowie dem Pneumatikzylinder 31 wird nachfolgend der Einfachheit halber auch als Andruckmittel bezeichnet.The unit consisting of the two rocker arms 28, the connecting element 29, the bolt 30, the angle 30a and the pneumatic cylinder 31 is hereinafter also referred to as pressure means for the sake of simplicity.

Am Einlauf der Maschine ist eine Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung in Form eines Lichtgitters 32 angebracht, welches z.B. aus einer Vielzahl von Lichtquellen und nicht näher gezeigten zugeordneten Lichtsensoren bestehen kann, die die momentane Breite des Werkstücks 33 beim Durchlaufen des Transportpfades 100 sowie auch den Eintritt der Vorder- und Hinterkante des Werkstücks 33 in den Transportpfad 100 erfassen.At the inlet of the machine, a workpiece width detecting device is mounted in the form of a light grid 32, which is e.g. may consist of a plurality of light sources and associated light sensors not shown in detail, which detect the instantaneous width of the workpiece 33 when passing through the transport path 100 as well as the entry of the leading and trailing edges of the workpiece 33 in the transport path 100.

Funktionsweise:Functionality:

Das in der durch den Pfeil 102 angedeuteten Förderrichtung einlaufende Werkstück 33 überfährt das Lichtgitter 32, welches die Vorderkante des Werkstücks 33 erkennt, und im Anschluss daran die Breite des Werkstücks 33 solange abtastet, bis die Hinterkante des Werkstücks 33 das Lichtgitter 32 passiert hat. Eine in den Zeichnungen nicht gezeigte elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung, die mit dem Lichtgitter 32 sowie auch einem jedem Pneumatikzylinder 31 zugeordneten Magnetventil (nicht gezeigt) in Verbindung steht, steuert die Magnetventile in der Weise, dass die Schleifwalze 23 an die Unterseite des Werkstücks angestellt wird, wenn sich die Vorderkante des Werkstücks 33 senkrecht über der Schleifwalze 23 befindet.The running in the direction indicated by the arrow 102 conveying direction workpiece 33 passes over the light grid 32, which detects the leading edge of the workpiece 33, and thereafter scans the width of the workpiece 33 until the trailing edge of the workpiece 33 has passed the light grid 32. An electronic control device, not shown in the drawings, which communicates with the light grid 32 as well as a solenoid valve (not shown) associated with each pneumatic cylinder 31, controls the solenoid valves in such a manner that the grinding roller 23 is set against the underside of the workpiece when the leading edge of the workpiece 33 is perpendicular to the grinding roller 23.

Infolge der durch die Pneumatikzylinder 31 erzeugten federelastischen Andruckkraft liegt die Schleifwalze 23 auch bei konvex oder konkav verformten Werkstück 33, wie sie in Fig. 1 angedeutet sind, stets flexibel am Werkstück 33 an, wobei die von den Pneumatikzylindern 31 erzeugte Anlagekraft in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Breite des Werkstücks 33 verändert wird, die zuvor vom Lichtgitter 32 ermittelt wurde.As a result of the generated by the pneumatic cylinder 31 resilient pressure force the grinding roller 23 even with convex or concave deformed workpiece 33, as in Fig. 1 are indicated, always flexible on the workpiece 33, wherein the contact force generated by the pneumatic cylinders 31 is changed in dependence on the respective width of the workpiece 33, which was previously determined by the light grid 32.

Wenn die Werkstückhinterkante die Senkrechte über der Schleifwalze 23 erreicht, werden die Pneumatikzylinder 31 - durch die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung gesteuert - entlastet, so dass sich die Schleifwalze 23 aufgrund ihres eigenen Gewichts in die Ausgangsstellung zurück bewegt, in welcher sich die Umfangfläche der Schleifwalze 23 außerhalb des Transportpfades 102 befindet. Oberhalb der Schleifwalze 23 wird die Stützrolle 14 entsprechend dem Schleifdruck durch den weiteren Pneumatikzylinder 16a auf das Werkstück 33 gedrückt, um eine federelastisches Gegenkraft zu erzeugen, welche der von den Pneumatikzylinder 31 erzeugten Andruckkraft entgegenwirkt. Hierbei sind die Druckrollen 11 ebenfalls mit einer im Wesentlichen konstanten Kraft der Federn 10 belastet, wohingegen die Stützrollen oder Tragrollen 18 gestellfest im Maschinenständer montiert sind.When the workpiece trailing edge reaches the vertical above the grinding roller 23, the pneumatic cylinder 31 - relieved by the electronic control device - relieved, so that the grinding roller 23 moves back due to its own weight in the starting position in which the peripheral surface of the grinding roller 23 outside of Transport path 102 is located. Above the grinding roller 23, the support roller 14 is pressed according to the grinding pressure by the further pneumatic cylinder 16a on the workpiece 33 to produce a resilient counterforce, which counteracts the pressure force generated by the pneumatic cylinder 31. Here, the pressure rollers 11 are also loaded with a substantially constant force of the springs 10, whereas the support rollers or support rollers 18 are mounted fixed to the frame in the machine stand.

Die jeweils gewünschte Werkstückstärke wird vor der Bearbeitung einer Werkstückserie über den Motor 7, die Kettenräder 9, die Kette 18 sowie die Gewindespindeln 4 und Gewindemuttern 6 eingestellt.The respectively desired workpiece thickness is set before machining a workpiece series via the motor 7, the sprockets 9, the chain 18 and the threaded spindles 4 and threaded nuts 6.

Liste der BezugszeichenList of reference numbers

11
WangenWangen
22
Traversetraverse
33
Traversetraverse
44
Gewindespindelscrew
55
Tragrahmensupporting frame
5a5a
innenliegende Wangeninside cheeks
66
Traversetraverse
77
Motorengine
88th
KetteChain
99
Kettenrädersprockets
1010
Federnfeathers
1111
Druckrollenpressure rollers
1212
Schwinghebelrocker
1313
Bolzenbolt
1414
GegendruckrolleCounter-pressure roller
1515
Schwinghebelrocker
1616
Bolzenbolt
16a16a
Pneumatikzylinderpneumatic cylinder
1818
Tragrollesupporting role
1919
Motorengine
2121
KettenradSprocket
2222
KetteChain
2323
Schleifwalzegrinding roll
2424
Gummibelagrubber flooring
2525
Schleifmittelabrasive
2626
Lagerbüchsenbushings
2727
Führungsrollenguide rollers
2828
Schwinghebelrocker
2929
Verbindungselementconnecting element
3030
Bolzenbolt
30a30a
Winkelangle
3131
Zylindercylinder
3232
Lichtgitterlight Curtain
3333
Werkstückworkpiece
100100
Transportpfadtransport path
102102
Pfeilarrow

Claims (9)

Vorrichtung zum Schleifen eines flächigen Werkstücks (33), welches entlang eines durch zumindest teilweise angetriebene Tragrollen (18) und Druckrollen (11) definierten Transportpfades (100) gefördert wird, mit einem sich in den Transportpfad (100) hinein erstreckenden umlaufenden Schleifelement (23), welches das Werkstück auf seinem Weg entlang des Transportpfades (100) umfänglich kontaktiert,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
Andruckmittel (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 30a, 31) vorgesehen sind, welche das umlaufende Schleifelement (23) in Richtung zum Werkstück (33) hin mit einer federelastischen Andruckkraft beaufschlagen, derart, dass das umlaufende Schleifelement der Kontur des flächigen Werkstücks (33) folgend flexibel an das Werkstück angestellt wird.Apparatus for grinding a flat workpiece (33), which is conveyed along a transport path (100) defined by at least partially driven carrying rollers (18) and pressure rollers (11), with a circumferential grinding element (23) extending into the transport path (100) which circumferentially contacts the workpiece on its way along the transport path (100),
characterized in that
Pressure means (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 30a, 31) are provided, which act on the rotating grinding element (23) towards the workpiece (33) out with a resilient pressure force, such that the rotating grinding element of the contour of the flat Workpiece (33) is made flexible following the workpiece. Schleifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
die Andruckmittel einen ersten und zweiten, das umlaufende Schleifelement (23) drehbar aufnehmenden Schwinghebel (28) sowie einen auf diesen wirkenden Aktuator, insbesondere einen Pneumatikzylinder (31), umfassen.Grinding device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the pressure means comprise first and second oscillating levers (28) rotatably receiving the revolving grinding element (23) and an actuator acting on them, in particular a pneumatic cylinder (31). Schleifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
eine elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche die Andruckkraft, mit der der Aktuator (31) das umlaufende Schleifelement (23) beaufschlagt, steuert.Grinding device according to claim 2,
characterized in that
an electronic control device is provided which controls the pressing force with which the actuator (31) acts on the rotating grinding element (23). Schleifvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
diese eine Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung (32) aufweist, welche in Werkstückförderrichtung (102) betrachtet stromaufwärts des umlaufenden Schleifelements (23) angeordnet ist.Grinding device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
this has a workpiece width detecting device (32) which, viewed in the workpiece conveying direction (102), is arranged upstream of the peripheral grinding element (23). Schleifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 und 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
die Steuerungseinrichtung den Aktuator (31) in Abhängigkeit von Signalen der Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung (32) in der Weise steuert, dass das Verhältnis aus Andruckkraft und Werkstückbreite einem im Wesentlichen konstanten Vorgabewert entspricht.Grinding device according to claim 3 and 4,
characterized in that
the control device controls the actuator (31) in response to signals from the workpiece width detection device (32) in such a way that the ratio of pressure force and workpiece width corresponds to a substantially constant preset value. Schleifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 und 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
die Steuerungseinrichtung den Aktuator (31) in Abhängigkeit von Signalen der Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung (32) in der Weise steuert, dass das umlaufende Schleifelement (23) aus einer Position außerhalb des Transportpfades in diesen hinein bewegt wird, wenn sich die Werkstückvorderkante im Bereich des umlaufenden Schleifelements (23) befindet, und das Schleifelement (23) aus dem Transportpfad (102) heraus bewegt wird, nachdem die Werkstückhinterkante das umlaufende Schleifelement (23) passiert hat.Grinding device according to claim 3 and 4,
characterized in that
the control device controls the actuator (31) in response to signals from the workpiece width detection device (32) in such a way that the revolving grinding element (23) is moved from a position outside the transport path into it, when the workpiece leading edge in the area of the peripheral grinding element ( 23), and the grinding member (23) is moved out of the transport path (102) after the workpiece trailing edge has passed the rotating grinding member (23). Schleifvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
die Tragrollen (18) und/oder die Druckrollen (11) mit einer im Wesentlichen konstanten Drehgeschwindigkeit angetrieben werden, und dass die Steuerungsvorrichtung die Andruckkraft, mit der der Aktuator (31) das umlaufende Schleifelement (23) beaufschlagt, in Abhängigkeit von der durch die Werkstückbreitenerfassungseinrichtung (32) erfassten Werkstückbreite streckengesteuert verändert.Grinding device according to one of claims 3 to 6,
characterized in that
the support rollers (18) and / or the pressure rollers (11) are driven at a substantially constant rotational speed, and that the control device, the pressing force with which the actuator (31) acts on the rotating grinding element (23), depending on the Workpiece width detection device (32) detected workpiece width changed track-controlled. Schleifvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
dem umlaufenden Schleifelement (23) eine in Richtung zum Werkstück (33) hin verfahrbare Gegendruckrolle (14) zugeordnet ist, welche auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Transportpfades (102) angeordnet ist, und welche über weitere Andruckmittel (16a) mit einer federelastischen Gegenkraft an das Werkstück angestellt wirdGrinding device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the circulating grinding element (23) is associated with a counter-pressure roller (14) which can be moved in the direction of the workpiece (33), which is arranged on the opposite side of the transport path (102) and which is pressed against the workpiece by further pressing means (16a) with a resilient counterforce workpiece is hired Schleifvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 und 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass
die weiteren Andruckmittel einen weiteren Aktuator, insbesondere einen Pneumatikzylinder (16a), umfassen, und dass die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung die Andruckkraft, mit der der weitere Aktuator die Gegendruckrolle (14) an das Werkstück (33) anstellt, in Abhängigkeit von der federelastischen Andruckkraft verändert, mit der das umlaufende Schleifelement (23) an das Werkstück (33) angestellt wird.Grinding device according to claims 3 and 8,
characterized in that
the further pressure means comprise a further actuator, in particular a pneumatic cylinder (16a), and in that the electronic control device changes the pressing force with which the further actuator adjusts the counterpressure roller (14) to the workpiece (33) in dependence on the resilient pressure force, with which the revolving grinding element (23) is set against the workpiece (33).
EP08016593A 2007-10-09 2008-09-20 Device for grinding workpieces Withdrawn EP2047948A3 (en)

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US20090093197A1 (en) 2009-04-09
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