EP2047202A1

EP2047202A1 - Radiator for cooling a fluid made from a carbon fibre composite

Info

Publication number: EP2047202A1
Application number: EP07801499A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Axel Schnura
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-08-04
Filing date: 2007-08-02
Publication date: 2009-04-15
Also published as: WO2008014998A1; DE202006012094U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooler or radiator (10) for cooling a fluid, wherein the radiator (10) includes a first header (12) with a first connection for the fluid to be supplied and a second header (14) with a second connection for the fluid to be discharged, wherein the first header (12) is connected to the second header (14) by fluid-carrying tubes (16), wherein the radiator is constructed in such a way that the fluid can flow through the radiator from the first connection via the tubes (16) to the second connection, wherein the tubes (16) consist of a carbon fibre composite containing carbon fibres and a bonder, and wherein the thermal conductivity of the carbon fibre composite is increased by exposed carbon fibres being present at a surface of the carbon fibre composite and/or by the carbon fibre composite containing carbon particles.

Description

description

Radiator for cooling a fluid of a carbon fiber composite

The invention relates to a cooler for cooling a fluid. The fluid may be a gas or a liquid. The radiator has a first box with a port for supplying the fluid and a second box with a second port for discharging the fluid. The first box is fluidly connected to the second box through tubes, wherein the cooler is configured so that the fluid can flow through the radiator from the first port to the second port via the tubes.

Such coolers are known as conventional vehicle coolers. They usually have two so-called water boxes made of glass fiber reinforced polyamide and a radiator block of a tube / rib system. The open ends of the tubes are held together at each end by a tubesheet. The water boxes are each placed with a seal on the tube sheets. A subsequent beading then closes the entire system tight. A disadvantage of this system is that such radiator high pressures and temperatures, such as those encountered in high-performance engines, not withstand.

Better steadfastness with greater heat transfer performance is achieved by all-aluminum radiators having flat tubes soldered to the water boxes at the junctions between the flat tubes and the water boxes. A disadvantage of these coolers is that they can break at the solder joints at high pressures and temperatures, as occur in high-performance engines, due to the elongation of aluminum. WEI terhin very flat aluminum tubes formed at high pressures and temperatures can be easily pushed apart. This can cause cracks in the aluminum or at the solder joints.

From DE 35 36 527 Al a heat exchanger block for a liquid-air heat exchanger is known. This has longitudinally flowed through liquid heat exchanger medium and perpendicularly flowed around by air pipes, substantially perpendicular to the tubes on the outer circumference arranged ribs and provided at the pipe ends, the individual tubes on the liquid side interconnecting tube sheets. The heat exchanger block is integrally formed as a pressure or injection molded part. As a material for this one-piece manufactured heat exchanger block, a plastic can be used. To increase the strength and / or the thermal conductivity of this plastic may be provided with a suitable filling, such as glass, carbon and / or aluminum fibers. Due to the manufacturing process, any carbon fibers present may be in random orientation and as relatively short pieces of fiber.

From WO 00/31485 a countercurrent heat exchanger with a plurality of loops is known, wherein between these loops a plurality of substantially parallel plates is arranged. The loops are connected to each other in a fluid-conducting manner. The plates and loops may be made of carbon / carbon composite.

The object of the present invention is to provide a cooler which offers high stability at high pressures and temperatures and at the same time allows a compact construction. Furthermore, a method to its Production and use of this cooler can be specified.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by the subject of claims 1, 24 and 38. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the features of claims 2 to 23 and 25 to 37.

According to the invention, a cooler for cooling a fluid is provided, wherein the cooler has a first box with a first port for supplying the fluid and a second box with a second port for discharging the fluid, wherein the first box with the second box fluidly through Pipes connected. The radiator is constructed so that the fluid can flow through the radiator from the first port to the second port via the tubes. The tubes consist of a carbon fiber and a binder containing carbon fiber composite material. The carbon fiber composite is a composite in which carbon fibers are oriented parallel to one another in one or more directions or in the form of a carbon fiber fabric, the fibers being held together by the binder. Thus, oriented fibers are present in the carbon fiber composite. It is particularly advantageous if the carbon fiber composite forming the tubes is constructed in such a way that on the one hand fibers extend over the entire length of the respective tubes and on the other hand carbon fibers run radially around the interior of the respective tubes. As a result, there are two grain directions that run perpendicular to one another and a particularly high stability of the tubes is achieved. Such pipes are extremely resistant to being forced apart by high pressure inside the pipes. The thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber composite is increased by having exposed carbon fibers on a surface of the carbon fiber composite. That is, at least a portion of the carbon fibers of the carbon fiber composite have an exposed surface on each surface of the carbon fiber composite. By an exposed surface of a carbon fiber is meant a portion of the total surface area of the carbon fiber which is not surrounded by the binder of the carbon fiber composite. The exposed surfaces of the carbon fibers significantly improve the heat transfer from the carbon fibers and thus from the surfaces of the tubes to the surrounding air or from the interior of the cooler to the carbon fibers and thus to the inner surface of the tubes.

The thermal conductivity can also be increased by containing the carbon fiber composite carbon particles. The carbon particles in the carbon fiber composite greatly enhance thermal conduction across the grain of the carbon fibers. As a result, a heat conduction between adjacent carbon fibers is significantly improved. The carbon fiber composite thus has less predetermined by the fiber direction of the carbon fibers anisotropic properties, because a heat conduction is no longer only predominantly in the direction of the carbon fibers but also transversely to this direction. The efficiency of the cooler is thereby greatly increased. The carbon particles may be substantially spherical. They may have an average diameter or a mean spatial extent of 1 nm to 100 .mu.m, preferably 10 nm to 1 .mu.m, in particular 50 nm to 500 nm.

The thermal conductivity is particularly good when exposed to a surface of the carbon fiber composite Carbon fibers are present and in addition carbon particles are contained in the carbon fiber composite.

The inventors have recognized that a carbon fiber composite material can provide a very high thermal conductivity with a small length expansion as a result of an increase in temperature. Furthermore, the inventors have recognized that can be made of carbon fiber composite very flat tubes, which, in contrast to aluminum tubes are sufficiently stable even at high pressures and can not be easily pressed apart. Very flat tubes are advantageous in the cooler construction, because they have a large surface in relation to their internal volume and thereby allow good heat dissipation. Characterized in that the cooler according to the invention can withstand relatively high pressures, this can be operated at a higher temperature than a conventional radiator. As a result, the temperature difference between the coolant and the outside temperature is greater, so that thereby a larger heat output and thus an increased efficiency of the radiator is possible.

It has been found that by means of a carbon fiber composite, a cooler can be produced, which has the same external dimensions better heat dissipation than an aluminum cooler. Furthermore, through the

Using a carbon fiber composite more freedom in shaping. For example, the radiator can be made wider at the bottom than at the top, so that thereby the center of gravity of the radiator and thus also the center of gravity of a vehicle equipped with it can be lowered. This allows the vehicle to achieve better driving characteristics. The improved efficiency compared to an aluminum cooler through better heat dissipation and the possibility of using very flat tubes with a favorable ratio between the inner volume and the outer surface of the Cooler designed smaller and the total required for cooling an engine coolant amount can be reduced. The result is a weight saving, which is further increased by the fact that the carbon fiber composite itself is lighter than aluminum.

Furthermore, by allowing very shallow tubes and freedom in shaping, the air resistance of the radiator to an aluminum radiator can be significantly reduced. The radiator according to the invention thus enables a fuel economy and / or a higher power when used in a motor vehicle.

Preferably, the first box is formed by a first carrier plate connected to a first cover and the second case is formed by a second carrier plate connected to a second cover. The tubes are preferably connected to the first carrier plate on a first side having a first tube opening and to the second carrier plate on a second side having a second tube opening.

This structure allows a particularly pressure-resistant connection of the tubes with the first and second box, because prior to connecting the first and the second support plate with the first and the second cover, the tubes from the side facing away from the tubes of the first and second carrier plate with the first and second carrier plate can be glued.

Preferably, at the first and / or the second support plate or if the tubes are directly connected to the first or second box on the first and / or second box for each tube, a base is provided which partially surrounds the tube. This base increases the pressure stability of the pipes, especially if they are designed as flat pipes. Preferably, the first and / or the second box and / or the first and / or second carrier plate made of the carbon fiber composite material. As a result, the resistance to high temperatures and pressures can be further increased.

For dissipating heat from the tubes, the tubes may have on the outer surfaces of the tubes with each of these surfaces bonded carbon fiber composite cooling fins. In addition to dissipating heat, the cooling fins also stabilize the tubes. The stabilization is particularly important if the tubes are designed as flat tubes.

Particularly good is the stabilization of the tubes and the dissipation of heat when the cooling fins are connected to the outside of the tubes by lamination. For this purpose, the cooling fins and the tubes are manufactured in one operation with the tubes. For this purpose, the carbon fibers forming the cooling ribs are partly applied to the outer surface of the tubes in the production of the tubes and the carbon fibers of the tubes and the cooling ribs are impregnated with binder, if carbon fibers which are not already pre-impregnated with a not yet cured binder are used. The remainder of the carbon fiber forming fins is fixed, preferably at an approximately right angle, distantly from the tubes to cure the composite. Subsequently, the material is cured under the action of pressure and elevated temperature. By the pressure can be achieved that is as little as possible binder between the carbon fibers forming the cooling fins and the carbon fibers forming the tubes. This ensures good heat transfer from the pipes to the cooling fins. The production of cooling fins and the Pipes in one operation produces a homogeneous composition. This increases the strength and thermal conductivity of the tubes.

Preferably, the cooling fins are glued to at least one of the tubes with at least one adjacent tube arranged in the cooler. As a result, stabilization of the entire radiator can be achieved. In particular, this can prevent the formation of flat-shaped tubes at a high internal pressure in the cooler. The cooler can thereby be operated at even higher pressure and thus even higher temperature, whereby the efficiency of the cooler is further increased. It is particularly advantageous if, for bonding, an adhesive or the binder is used which contains carbon particles. As a result, a good heat transfer between the adjacent tube arranged and the cooling fins can be ensured.

A particularly good heat dissipation from the interior of the radiator can be achieved, that the tubes have on the inner surfaces of the tubes with these surfaces respectively connected carbon fiber composite inner ribs. Heat transfer is particularly good when these inner ribs are made in one operation with the tubes and are laminated to the inner surfaces of the tubes. By producing the inner ribs and the tubes in one operation, a homogeneous composition is achieved. This increases the strength and thermal conductivity of the tubes. The inner ribs can be arranged perpendicular to a flow direction or throughflow direction of the fluid predetermined by the shape of the tubes. This creates a turbulent flow in the fluid as it flows through the tubes. The turbulent flow improves the heat transfer from the fluid to the material of the radiator and increases the cooling capacity of the radiator further increased. If the inner ribs are arranged in an angle of 0 ° and 90 ° to a predetermined through the shape of the tubes possible flow direction of the fluid through the tubes deviating angle, ie obliquely to the flow direction, also creates a turbulent flow in the fluid when flowing through the tubes. At the same time, however, results from the oblique arrangement for the fluid when flowing through the tubes, a lower resistance than at right angles to the flow direction arranged inner ribs. Another advantage of the oblique arrangement is that a larger surface area of the inner ribs can be realized than with inner ribs arranged perpendicular to the flow direction. This also increases the cooling capacity of the radiator.

Preferably, the tubes each have a non-circular cross section perpendicular to a flow direction. Thereby, the ratio between the outer surface and the inner space of the tubes can be increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation. It is particularly preferred if the tubes have an oblong cross section perpendicular to the throughflow direction, ie. H. are formed as flat tubes.

The function of the radiator can be further improved by the fact that the cross section of the flat tubes each has a curvature. This makes it possible to direct a flow of air flowing through the radiator in a desired direction. Furthermore, a heat transfer from the surface of the tubes to a stream of air flowing around the tubes can thereby be improved.

The use of the carbon fiber composite makes it possible to produce extremely flat tubes, which can greatly increase the efficiency of the cooler. Preferably, the ratio of the longest to the shortest possible centrally through the cross-sectional area extending, in particular curved, Distance at least 5: 1, preferably at least 10: 1, in particular at least 20: 1.

It is particularly preferred if the tubes have in one direction along the tubes, in particular the throughflow direction, in each case perpendicular to the direction of successive cross sections whose respective areas increase. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to minimize the resistance that the radiator opposes to the fluid as it flows through. On the other hand, this allows the center of gravity of the fluid-filled cooler to be shifted significantly downwards. As a result, the driving characteristics of a vehicle equipped with this radiator can be improved.

Preferably, the carbon fiber composite contains a resin, especially an epoxy resin, as a binder.

The surface of the carbon fiber composite on which exposed carbon fibers are present is preferably a surface on the cooling fins and / or an outer surface of the tubes. According to a further preferred embodiment, the surface of the carbon fiber composite material on which exposed carbon fibers are present is a surface of the tubes located inside the tubes and / or a surface on the inner ribs. This also improves the heat transfer from the fluid to the carbon fibers. Thus, it can be present both on the cooling fins, the outer surfaces of the tubes, lying in the interior of the tubes surfaces and on the inner ribs exposed carbon fibers. The exposed carbon fibers further increase the efficiency of the cooler.

To provide exposed carbon fibers, on one of said surfaces of the tubes, the inner ribs or the fins of the composite carbon fiber composite are cured after its curing so that the carbon fibers are exposed. The removal can be chemically, z. B. by etching, or mechanically, for. B. by irradiation by means of particles or abrasion by means of a coarse-grained material. The particles are preferably sand, corundum, dry ice or glass particles. For this purpose, a conventional device for particle beams, z. As a device for glass or sand blasting, can be used.

The content of carbon particles in the total weight of the cooler may be 1% by weight to 25% by weight, in particular 8% by weight to 21% by weight, preferably 15% by weight to 20% by weight. With a combination of the carbon particles and the carbon fibers which is particularly advantageous for stability and thermal conductivity, the proportion of the carbon fibers and the carbon particles in the total weight of the cooler together is 40% by weight to 60% by weight, in particular 45% by weight to 55% by weight .-%, preferably 49 to 51 wt .-%. It has proved to be advantageous if the proportion of carbon fibers in the total weight of the cooler 15 wt .-% to 51 wt .-%, in particular 25 wt .-% to 45 wt .-%, preferably 30 wt .-% to 35 wt .-%, is.

The tubes may be connected to the first and / or the second box or to the first and / or the second carrier plate, in particular by means of epoxy resin, by gluing. Preferably, the first cover with the first support plate and / or the second cover with the second support plate by gluing, in particular by means of epoxy resin, connected. By gluing a particularly stable, pressure-stable connection can be made. The fluid may be a liquid coolant of an engine or charge air for a turbocharger.

The invention further relates to a method for producing a carbon fiber composite cooler according to the invention, wherein individual components of the cooler are produced by heating carbon fibers and a binding agent bypassing the carbon fibers in a respective mold under pressure and then cooling and dissolving the components of the respective mold and then joined together by gluing to the radiator. To improve the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber composite, before or after joining, carbon fibers are exposed on a surface of at least one of the components by stripping the binder of a portion of the surfaces of the carbon fibers and / or adding carbon particles to the binder. It is understood that the carbon fibers are exposed so that part of each exposed carbon fiber remains surrounded by the binder, otherwise the fiber would no longer be part of the carbon fiber composite. The removal of the binder can chemically, in particular by etching, or mechanically, in particular by irradiation by means of particles, preferably from sand, corundum, dry ice or glass or by an abrasive treatment, in particular by shaking,

Pivoting or rotating with a coarse-grained material, preferably quartz sand, chippings or glass granules done. An abrasive treatment is understood in particular to mean a treatment in which the binder is removed by abrasion.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: a) producing the first and the second cover, the first and second carrier plate and the tubes of the carbon fiber composite material,

b) bonding the tubes (16) with the first (18) and the second support plate (22) and

c) bonding the first carrier plate (18) with the first lid (20) and the second carrier plate (22) with the second lid (24).

Such a production method is to be carried out favorably, especially in the case of small-batch production, because no expensive machines are needed which are specially adapted to the shape of the cooler and, moreover, without costly conversion measures, it is possible to change the geometry of the cooler according to individual customer requirements.

It is advantageous if, together with at least a part of the tubes, cooling ribs also made of the carbon fiber composite material are produced, wherein the cooling ribs are connected to the outside of the tubes during production by lamination in each case.

The cooling fins on the outer side of the tubes can be glued to at least one adjacent tube in the radiator on its outer surface. The bonding preferably takes place by means of an adhesive or the binder used in the production of the carbon fiber composite. Preferably, carbon particles are added to the adhesive or binder. This increases the thermal conductivity over the resulting splice. At the same time, a different thermal expansion of the glued together components of the cooler at the splice is thereby avoided and thus also the Increased durability of the bond. A particularly suitable binder in the manufacture of the carbon fiber composite has been found to be an epoxy resin.

Also, carbon fiber composite inner ribs may be produced together with at least a part of the tubes, and the inner ribs are bonded to the inside of the tubes at the time of manufacture by laminating, respectively. Lamination is understood to mean that the carbon fibers or the carbon fiber fabric of the carbon fiber composite of the tubes and the inner fins or fins are partially arranged in parallel planes and sealed together using pressure and elevated temperature. Preferably, the inner ribs are thereby arranged at an angle to a predetermined through the shape of the tubes possible through-flow of the fluid through the tubes, which deviates from 0 ° and from 90 °, d. H. the inner ribs are arranged at an oblique angle to the flow direction. To connect the inner ribs to the inside of one of the tubes by lamination, the

Carbon fiber used to manufacture the inner ribs and the tube are arranged on a mandrel made of a low-melting metal alloy and then baked together using pressure and temperature. After curing of the carbon fiber composite, the mandrel can be removed by melting from inside the tube ("lost core").

Preferably, an amount of the carbon particles is added to the binder so that the proportion of carbon particles in the total weight of the cooler 1 wt .-% to 25 wt .-%, in particular 8 wt .-% to 21 wt .-%, preferably 15 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, is. Preferably, such amounts of binder, carbon fibers and carbon particles are used that the proportion of the carbon fibers and the carbon fibers Fabric particles in the total weight of the cooler together 40 wt .-% to 60 wt .-%, in particular 45 wt .-% to 55 wt .-%, preferably 49 to 51 wt .-%, is. Such amounts of binder and carbon fibers can be used that the proportion of carbon fibers in the total weight of the cooler 15 wt .-% to 51 wt .-%, in particular 25 wt .-% to 45 wt .-%, preferably 30 wt. % to 35 wt .-%, is.

The efficiency of the cooler can be significantly increased if the surface on which the carbon fibers are exposed has a surface on the cooling fins and / or an outer surface of the tubes and / or a surface of the tubes lying inside the tube and / or Surface on the inner ribs is. The exposure of the surfaces of the carbon fibers may be chemically, z. B. by etching, or mechanically, for. B. by irradiation by means of particles or by other methods for removing the binder done. The irradiation can be carried out with a particle stream, in particular from sand, corundum, dry ice or glass particles.

The invention further relates to the use of a radiator according to the invention for cooling a liquid coolant of an engine or for cooling charge air for a turbocharger.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:

1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a cooler according to the invention with various details,

2a and 2b is a three-dimensional representation of a first and second box of the radiator of FIG. 1, 3 shows a three-dimensional representation of a second carrier plate of the cooler according to FIG. 1, FIG.

4 is a three-dimensional representation of a tube with cooling fins of the radiator of FIG. 1,

5 is a sectional view through a cooler according to the invention in the region of the cooling fins,

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the cooler of FIG.

5 along the line C - C and

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the cooler of FIG.

6 along the line B - B.

The illustration of the cooler in Fig. 1 and the second carrier plate in Fig. 3 in the lower right portion of the radiator or in the upper part of the support plate three orthogonal arrows arranged, which indicate a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. These arrows are not part of the cooler or the second carrier plate.

1 shows a cooler 10 with a first box 12 and a second box 14, which are connected to one another by flat tubes 16. The cooling fins 30 shown in the upper detail illustration are connected to the pipe 16 by lamination at the points indicated at 26, i. H. a part of the carbon fibers forming the cooling fins 30 is aligned parallel to the surface of the tube and with this through the binder of the carbon fiber

Composite connected. At the points marked 28, the cooling fins are each connected to the adjacent pipe 16 by gluing. The lower detail shows one of the tubes 16 formed as flat tubes, wherein the Clarity because of the cooling fins 30 are not shown.

FIG. 2 a shows that the first box 12 is formed from a lid 20 and a first carrier plate 18. FIG. 2b shows that the second box 14 is formed from a second carrier plate 22 and a lid 24 connected thereto. The tubes 16 are in each case connected to the first 18 and the second support plate 22. The second carrier plate 22 is shown in detail in FIG. By providing a first support plate 18 and a second support plate 22, the tubes 16 can be bonded particularly well by gluing to the first 12 and the second box 14, because the tubes for gluing from the back of the first 18 and second support plate 22 accessible are.

FIG. 4 shows a tube 16 with cooling fins 30 designed as a flat tube. The cooling fins 30 are arranged on the two sides of the tube 16 offset relative to each other. As a result, the stability of the tube 16 is further increased. In addition, tubes can be created in this way, the cooling fins can be glued in each case with an adjacent tube arranged in parallel to the same tube, because each room for a fin of the adjacent tube 16 is left by the staggered arrangement. Fig. 4 also shows that the flat tube 16 has a curvature. The ability to create very flat and curved tubes can improve the aerodynamic properties and efficiency of the radiator.

Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the radiator 10 in the region of the cooling fins parallel to the longitudinal axis of one of the tubes. It is clear that the cooling fins 30 may also have a curvature. In addition, it is shown that the first 18 and second support plate 22 each one Socket 23 have, in which the tube 16 is partially received. This further increases the pressure resistance of the radiator.

Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of the radiator 10 along the line C - C of FIG. 5. Fig. 7 shows a sectional view of the radiator 10 along the line B - B of FIG. 6 Here, clearly, the support plate 22 can be seen, which Sok - Kel 23 which surround the tubes 16.

Claims

claims

A radiator (10) for cooling a fluid, the radiator (10) having a first box (12) with a first port for supplying the fluid and a second box (14) with a second port for discharging the fluid first box (12) with the second box (14) fluidly connected by tubes (16), wherein the cooler is constructed so that the fluid can flow through the radiator from the first port via the tubes (16) to the second port, said Tubes (16) consist of a carbon fiber and a binder-containing carbon fiber composite, wherein the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber composite is increased by the fact that on a surface of the carbon fiber composite exposed carbon fibers are present and / or that the carbon fiber composite carbon particles contains.

2. cooler (10) according to claim 1, wherein the first box (12) by a first cover (20) connected to the first support plate (18) and the second box (14) by a with a second cover (24). connected second carrier plate (22) is formed, wherein the tubes (16) on a first tube opening having a first side with the first support plate (18) and on a second tube opening having a second side with the second support plate (22) are connected.

3. cooler (10) according to claim 2, wherein at the first (18) and / or the second support plate (22) or the first (12) and / or second box (14) for each tube (16) each have a base ( 23) is provided which partially surrounds the tube (16).

4. cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first (12) and / or the second box (14) and / or the first (18) and / or the second carrier plate (22) made of the carbon fiber composite material ,

A cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubes (16) for dissipating heat from the tubes (16) on the outboard surfaces of the tubes (16) are respectively joined to said surfaces by carbon fiber composite cooling fins (30).

6. The cooler (10) according to claim 5, wherein the cooling fins (30) are connected to the outside of the tubes (16) by lamination.

7. cooler (10) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the cooling fins (30) on at least one of the tubes (16) with at least one adjacent cooler (10) arranged tube (16), in particular by means of an adhesive or the binder, which / which contains carbon particles are glued.

8. cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubes (16) on the inner surfaces of the tubes (16) with these surfaces in each case, in particular by lamination, connected carbon fiber composite inner ribs.

9. cooler (10) according to claim 8, wherein the inner ribs are arranged in a 0 ° and 90 ° to a predetermined by the shape of the tubes (16) possible flow direction of the fluid through the tubes (16) deviating angle.

10. cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubes (16) perpendicular to a flow direction have a non-circular cross-section.

11. cooler (10) according to claim 10, wherein the tubes (16) perpendicular to the flow direction each having an elongated cross-section.

12. The cooler (10) of claim 11, wherein the cross section has a curvature.

13. A cooler (10) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the ratio of the longest to the shortest possible centrally through the cross-sectional area extending, in particular curved, distance is at least 5: 1, preferably at least 10: 1, in particular at least 20: 1.

The radiator (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubes (16) in a direction along the tubes (16) each have perpendicular to the direction consecutive cross-sections whose respective areas increase.

15. A cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carbon fiber composite material contains a resin, in particular an epoxy resin, as a binder.

16. The cooler (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the carbon fiber composite, on which exposed carbon fibers are present, a

Surface on the cooling fins (30) and / or an outer surface of the tubes (16).

A cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the carbon fiber composite having exposed carbon fibers has a surface of the tubes (16) inside the tubes (16) and / or a surface on the inner ribs is.

18. cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the proportion of carbon particles in the total weight of the cooler (10) 1 wt .-% to 25 wt .-%, in particular 8 wt .-% to 21 wt .-%, preferably 15 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, is.

19. cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the proportion of the carbon fibers and the carbon particles in the total weight of the cooler (10) together 40 wt .-% to 60 wt .-%, in particular 45 wt .-% to 55 wt. -%, preferably 49 to 51 wt .-%, is.

20. cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the proportion of the carbon fibers in the total weight of the cooler (10) 15 wt .-% to 51 wt .-%, in particular 25 wt .-% to 45 wt .-%, preferably 30 wt .-% to 35 wt .-%, is.

21. The cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubes (16) with the first (12) and / or the second

Box (14) or with the first (18) and / or second support plate (22), in particular by means of epoxy resin, are adhesively bonded.

22, cooler (10) according to one of claims 2 to 21, wherein the first cover (20) with the first support plate (18) and / or the second cover (24) with the second support plate (22) by gluing, in particular by means of epoxy resin , connected is.

23. cooler (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fluid is a liquid coolant of an engine or

Charge air for a turbocharger is.

24. A method for producing a cooler (10) made of a carbon fiber composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein individual components of the radiator (10) by Heating carbon fibers and a binder surrounding the carbon fibers in one mold under pressure and then cooling and dissolving the components of the respective mold, and then bonding them together to the radiator (10), to improve the thermal conductivity of the carbon fiber composite before or after joining to a surface of at least one of the components, carbon fibers are exposed by ablating the binder surrounding part of the surfaces of the carbon fibers and / or adding carbon particles to the binder.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the removal of the binder chemically, in particular by etching, or mechanically, in particular by irradiation by means of particles, preferably from sand, corundum, dry ice or glass, or by an abrasive treatment, in particular by Shaking, panning or rotating with a coarse-grained material, preferably quartz sand, grit or glass granules occurs.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

a) producing the first (20) and the second cover (24), the first (18) and second support plate (22) and the tubes (16) from the carbon fiber composite material,

27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein together with at least a portion of the tubes (16) also of the carbon fiber composite existing cooling ribs (30) are produced, wherein the cooling fins with the outside of the tubes (16) in the manufacture each connected by lamination.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein the cooling ribs (30) are adhesively bonded to at least one tube (16) arranged adjacently in the cooler (10) on its outer surface.

29. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 28, wherein the bonding takes place by means of an adhesive or by means of the binder.

A method according to claim 29, wherein carbon particles are added to the adhesive or binder.

31. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 30, wherein the binder is an epoxy resin.

32. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 31, wherein together with at least a part of the tubes (16) made of carbon fiber composite existing inner ribs, wherein the inner ribs with the inside of the tubes (16) in the manufacture by Laminating be connected.

33. Method according to claim 32, wherein the inner ribs are arranged in an angle deviating from 0 ° and 90 ° to a possible flow direction of the fluid which is predetermined by the shape of the tubes (16) through the tubes (16).

34. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 33, wherein the binder such an amount of carbon particles is added that the proportion of carbon particles in the total weight of the cooler (10) 1 wt .-% to 25 wt .-%, in particular 8 Wt .-% to 21 wt .-%, preferably 15 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, is.

35. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 34, wherein such amounts of binder, carbon fibers and carbon particles are used, that the proportion of the carbon fibers and the carbon particles in the total weight of the cooler (10) together from 40 wt .-% to 60 Wt .-%, in particular 45 wt .-% to 55 wt .-%, preferably 49 to 51 wt .-%, is.

36. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein such amounts of binder and carbon fibers are used, that the proportion of carbon fibers in the total weight of the cooler (10) from 15 wt .-% to 51 wt .-%, in particular 25 wt .-%. % to 45 wt .-%, preferably 30 wt .-% to 35 wt%, is.

37. Method according to claim 24, wherein the surface on which the carbon fibers are exposed has a surface on the cooling fins (30) and / or an outer surface of the tubes (16) and / or one inside the tubes (16) lying surface of the tubes (16) and / or a surface on the inner ribs.

38. Use of a radiator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 23 for cooling a liquid coolant of an engine or for cooling charge air for a turbocharger.