EP2044322A1 - Combustion engine injector holder retaining fork - Google Patents

Combustion engine injector holder retaining fork

Info

Publication number
EP2044322A1
EP2044322A1 EP07804004A EP07804004A EP2044322A1 EP 2044322 A1 EP2044322 A1 EP 2044322A1 EP 07804004 A EP07804004 A EP 07804004A EP 07804004 A EP07804004 A EP 07804004A EP 2044322 A1 EP2044322 A1 EP 2044322A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fork
head
support
branch
elastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07804004A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2044322B1 (en
Inventor
Yvon Azou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP2044322A1 publication Critical patent/EP2044322A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2044322B1 publication Critical patent/EP2044322B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/85—Mounting of fuel injection apparatus
    • F02M2200/855—Mounting of fuel injection apparatus using clamp elements or fastening means, e.g. bolts or screws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a holding fork of an element to a support, such as a holding fork of an injector holder to a cylinder head of a heat engine.
  • the invention also relates to a device for fixing an injector holder to a cylinder head of a heat engine comprising such a fork.
  • Maintaining an injector holder on a thermal engine cylinder head may be provided by a fork type holding member having an end bearing on an upper surface of the injector holder, and another end bearing on a corresponding surface of the breech.
  • This fork also comprises a central opening in which is engaged the clamping screw which is screwed into the cylinder head. After positioning this fork, the engagement and tightening of the screw can block in translation the injector holder in position in the cylinder head.
  • the injector holder has a generally cylindrical shape, and the maintenance or attachment thereof by a fork does not allow to lock in rotation with the required accuracy.
  • Such an injector comprises an injection end located in the combustion chamber, from which each injection gives several separate jets which are regularly spaced from each other around the axis of revolution of the injector.
  • reference jet is very close to the end of the engine spark plug.
  • a fork comprising two branches which bear against an upper surface of the injector holder while surrounding a head of the injector body.
  • the head is provided with two flats, so that the engagement of the fork on the head can directly immobilize the injector in rotation during its assembly.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a holding fork or attachment of an injector holder to ensure accurate angular positioning of the injector during its assembly.
  • the invention relates to a holding fork of an element to a support, such as a holding fork of an injector holder to an engine cylinder head, this fork comprising a tail intended to bear on the support and provided with a central opening for receiving a clamping element to the support, and two branches intended to bear on the element by surrounding a head of this element and comprising at least one flat part. to lock this rotating element.
  • the fork comprises a resilient element equipping one of its branches and defining two elastic supports interposed between an inner face of this branch and the head of the element in order to maintain a flat part of this head resting on a inner side of the opposite branch.
  • the central opening further comprises a seat having a shape of revolution ensuring a centering of the fork relative to a head of the clamping element when the clamping screw is tightened.
  • the invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the clamping element to the support is a screw.
  • the invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the seat has a spherical cap shape to define with the head of the clamping element a ball joint type.
  • the invention also relates to a fork as defined above, comprising a resilient element equipping one of its branches and defining two elastic supports interposed between an inner face of this branch and the head of the element to maintain a flat part of this head resting on an inner face of the opposite branch.
  • the invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the elastic element comprises two resilient supports spaced apart from each other along the inner face of the branch to bear on a flat of the head of the element.
  • the invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the elastic element comprises a metal blade, and wherein the elastic bearing points are curved portions of the metal blade.
  • the invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the elastic element is formed from a sheet having a general shape of T, each curved portion being obtained by bending one end of the head. of this T, and in which the leg of the T is bent so as to partially surround the branch to be attached thereto by stapling.
  • the invention also relates to a fork as defined above, comprising a spherical cap shaped key at the tail to ensure a one-off support of the tail on the support, and a portion-shaped touch of cylinder at each branch to provide a linear support of the branches on the element.
  • the invention also relates to a device for holding a nozzle holder on a thermal engine cylinder head comprising a fork as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of an injector holder held by a fork according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the fork according to the invention and of an upper part of the injector holder which it holds;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of a fork according to the invention and the injector holder that maintains;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of the fork according to the invention with its fixing screw
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the branches of the fork according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a view from above of the branches of the fork according to one embodiment of the invention, the elastic element being generally T-shaped;
  • FIG. 6B is a view from above of the branches of the fork according to another embodiment of the invention, the elastic element being generally U-shaped;
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the fork according to the invention and of an upper part of the injector holder which it holds;
  • Figure 8 is a side view of the fork according to the invention and an upper part of the injector holder that maintains.
  • an injector holder 1 shown in perspective comprises a generally cylindrical main body 2 extending along a vertical axis AX.
  • This main body 2 comprises a lower end 3 of fuel injection, and an upper portion on which bears a fork 4 to hold it in position in a cylinder head not shown.
  • the lower end opens into a not shown combustion chamber, in which also opens an end 6 of a candle 7 to produce a spark to trigger combustion.
  • the lower end 3 injects the fuel, in the case here represented in the form of six separate equidistant jets marked by 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 which are regularly distributed around the axis AX being spaced from each other by an angle of sixty degrees.
  • this injector holder 1 also comprises, in its upper part, an electrical connector 17 and a fuel return nozzle 18. It also comprises an upper support surface. 19 extending in a plane normal to the axis AX with a high pressure injection head 21 located in a central zone of this upper face.
  • the injector occupies an ideal angular position with respect to its axis of revolution AX, so that the jet identified by 8 tangents the end 6 of the spark plug 7, which corresponds to an ideal situation with regard to combustion conditions.
  • the fork 4 exerts a force along the axis AX, on the upper bearing surface 19 of the injector holder, to maintain it in position in the cylinder head by maintaining a shoulder 16 of a lower portion of the main body 2 resting on a corresponding non-represented seat of the breech.
  • This fork 4 which appears more clearly in the top view of Figure 3, comprises a tail 23 bearing on a stud 24 forming part of the yoke or attached thereto. It also comprises two branches 26 and 27 extending parallel to each other, which bear on the bearing surface 19 surrounding the head 21.
  • a central opening 28, located between the shank 23 and the branches 26 and 27 is provided in the fork to receive a clamping element, in this case a clamping screw 29 which is screwed into the cylinder head, the head 31 this clamping screw being supported on the fork. It is also possible to substitute the screw 29 for example a nut. As shown in Figure 4, the opening 28 defines an inner surface having a general funnel shape, forming a seat on which the head 31 of the screw bears. The tightening of the screw 29 thus spontaneously causes the centering of the fork 4 relative to the head 31 of the screw.
  • the opening 28 comprises a central bore emerging on a lower face of the fork and traversed by the rod of the screw 29, this hole widening in a spherical cap shape 32 on which is supported by a complementary bottom surface 33 of the head of the screw 29.
  • This spherical cap 32 forming the home seat of the head 31 widens further along a frustoconical surface 35 to reach an upper surface of the fork 4.
  • the fork 4 is necessarily centered relative to the position of the head 31 of the screw 29 during the tightening of this screw.
  • branches 26 and 27 of the fork which extend parallel to each other to surround the head 21 of the injector holder, are designed to accurately block the angular position of the injector with respect to the fork 4.
  • the head 21 comprises two flats marked 34 and 36 in Figure 7, one of which bears on an inner face 37 of the branch 26.
  • the angular positioning of the nozzle holder relative to the fork is improved by means of elastic means visible in Figures 5 and 6, which ensure the flattening of the flat 36 against the inner face 37 of the branch 26.
  • These elastic means form two elastic supports 38 and 39 which are located on the inner face 41 of the branch 27 being spaced apart from each other along this branch.
  • these elastic means are formed from an elastic sheet 42 having a generally T-shaped outline.
  • the two ends of the head 43 of the T are curved to be bulging and forming resilient supports, the head of the T extending generally parallel to the branch 26.
  • the leg 44 of the T is also curved so as to at least partially surround the branch 27 to form a fastening clip to this branch.
  • the branch 27 comprises a channel 46 in which this leg 44 is embedded to ensure positioning of the elastic member 42 longitudinally with respect to the branch 27.
  • the flat portion 36 of the head 21 is held in abutment on the inner face 37 of the branch 26, which makes it possible to overcome the influence of the angular clearance introduced by the game. functional corresponding to the difference between the distance separating the internal faces 41 and 37 and the distance separating the flats 34 and 36.
  • the implementation of the elastic supports 38 and 39 makes it possible to cancel the angular clearance of the head 21 of the injector holder with respect to the fork 4, this clearance being represented by ⁇ in FIG. 3.
  • the reduction of the angular positioning clearance is further reduced by the implementation of the centering seat 32 detailed above, which avoids a lateral offset of the range likely to result in an additional angular defect.
  • the elastic element 42 ' is generally U-shaped, surrounding a branch 27' so that the forces exerted on it are balanced, and not dissymmetrical as in the case of a T-element of Figure 6A.
  • a longitudinal channel 46 ' for housing the body of the elastic member, only elastic supports 38' and 39 'remaining protruding. This embodiment allows a simplified assembly.
  • the fork is provided with support keys ensuring isostatic support on the injector holder and on the cylinder head, which further reduces the positioning differences of the range may result in an angular offset of the injector holder.
  • the tail of the fork is provided on its underside with a key 47 forming a spherical surface, visible in FIG 8, defining a point support on the flat upper surface of the pin 24.
  • the branch 26 and the branch 27 are provided with keys 48 and 49 having surfaces in coaxial cylinder portions which define a linear support of these branches on the upper surface 19.
  • the point support 47 suppresses a first degree of freedom in vertical translation of the range
  • the linear contact provided by the keys 48 and 49 removes two degrees of freedom in rotation about two axes perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to AX axis.
  • the other three remaining degrees of freedom include the two possible translations of the fork in a plane normal to the axis AX, and the rotation of the fork around the axis AX.
  • the two possible translations are removed by the ball joint formed by the seat 34 and the head 31 of the screw 29.
  • the rotation of the fork around the axis AX in a plane normal to this axis is removed. by the engagement of the branches 26 and 27 on the head 21 of the injector holder.
  • the fork according to the invention does not induce a fault in the angular positioning of the injector holder in the case of angular deviation between the clamping screw 29 and the axis AX.
  • This angular defect is indicated by ⁇ in FIG. 8, and corresponds to the angle separating the axis AX and the axis of the screw 31, in a plane containing the axis AX and the axis of the screw 31.
  • the fork according to the invention thus makes it possible to accurately position the reference jet 8 with respect to the head 6 of the spark plug 7, for example to place the head 6 and the reference jet 8 in the same plane passing through AX axis.
  • This positioning is obtained simply by mounting the fork and tightening the screw 29, that is to say without having to perform specific adjustment.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it allows a blocking of an element both in translation and in rotation with high positioning accuracy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a retaining fork for holding an element such as an injector holder onto a support such as a cylinder head of a combustion engine. The fork (4) has two branches (26, 27) intended to bear against the element by surrounding a head (21) of this element comprising at least one flat (36) to prevent this element from rotating. A shank (23) intended to bear against the support, and a central opening (28) intended to accept a clamping screw (29) engaged in the support. The fork comprises an elastic element (42) with which one of its branches (27) is equipped and which defines two elastic supports (38, 39) interposed between an internal face (41) of this branch and the head (21) of the element so as to keep a flat (36) of this head bearing against an internal face (37) of the opposite branch (26).

Description

Fourchette de maintien d'un porte-injecteur de moteur thermique Fork for holding a thermal engine injector holder
[0001] La présente invention revendique la priorité de la demande française 0653076 déposée le 21/07/2006 dont le contenu (description, revendications et dessins) est incorporé ici par référence.The present invention claims the priority of the French application 0653076 filed on July 21, 2006 whose content (description, claims and drawings) is incorporated herein by reference.
[0002] L'invention concerne une fourchette de maintien d'un élément à un support, telle qu'une fourchette de maintien d'un porte-injecteur à une culasse de moteur thermique. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de fixation d'un porte-injecteur à une culasse d'un moteur thermique comprenant une telle fourchette.The invention relates to a holding fork of an element to a support, such as a holding fork of an injector holder to a cylinder head of a heat engine. The invention also relates to a device for fixing an injector holder to a cylinder head of a heat engine comprising such a fork.
[0003] Le maintien d'un porte-injecteur sur une culasse de moteur thermique peut être assuré par un élément de maintien du type fourchette ayant une extrémité venant en appui sur une surface supérieure du porte-injecteur, et une autre extrémité venant en appui sur une surface correspondante de la culasse.Maintaining an injector holder on a thermal engine cylinder head may be provided by a fork type holding member having an end bearing on an upper surface of the injector holder, and another end bearing on a corresponding surface of the breech.
[0004] Cette fourchette comprend également une ouverture centrale dans laquelle est engagée la vis de serrage qui est vissée dans la culasse. Après positionnement de cette fourchette, l'engagement et le serrage de la vis permettent de bloquer en translation le porte-injecteur en position dans la culasse.This fork also comprises a central opening in which is engaged the clamping screw which is screwed into the cylinder head. After positioning this fork, the engagement and tightening of the screw can block in translation the injector holder in position in the cylinder head.
[0005] Cependant, le porte-injecteur a une forme générale cylindrique, et le maintien ou la fixation de celui-ci par une fourchette ne permet pas de le bloquer en rotation avec la précision requise.However, the injector holder has a generally cylindrical shape, and the maintenance or attachment thereof by a fork does not allow to lock in rotation with the required accuracy.
[0006] Le blocage de l'injecteur dans une position angulaire appropriée autour de son axe de révolution est cependant déterminant en ce qui concerne la qualité de la combustion. [0007] En effet, un tel injecteur comprend une extrémité d'injection située dans la chambre de combustion, d'où partent à chaque injection plusieurs jets distincts qui sont régulièrement espacés les uns des autres autour de l'axe de révolution de l'injecteur.The blocking of the injector in an appropriate angular position around its axis of revolution is, however, decisive as regards the quality of the combustion. Indeed, such an injector comprises an injection end located in the combustion chamber, from which each injection gives several separate jets which are regularly spaced from each other around the axis of revolution of the injector.
[0008] La qualité de la combustion nécessite entre autres que l'un de ces jets, appelé jet de référence soit très proche de l'extrémité de la bougie d'allumage du moteur.The quality of the combustion requires among other things that one of these jets, called reference jet is very close to the end of the engine spark plug.
[0009] En cas de mauvais calage de la position angulaire de l'injecteur autour de son axe de révolution, la distance entre l'extrémité de la bougie et le jet le plus proche devient trop importante. Ce défaut de positionnement constitue notamment un handicap lors du démarrage à froid du véhicule et un obstacle à la réduction de la pollution.In case of bad wedging of the angular position of the injector around its axis of revolution, the distance between the end of the candle and the nearest jet becomes too important. This lack of positioning is particularly a handicap during the cold start of the vehicle and an obstacle to the reduction of pollution.
[0010] Afin d'améliorer le positionnement angulaire de l'injecteur, il a été envisagé de recourir à une fourchette comprenant deux branches qui viennent en appui sur une surface supérieure du porte-injecteur tout en entourant une tête de ce corps d'injecteur.In order to improve the angular positioning of the injector, it has been envisaged to use a fork comprising two branches which bear against an upper surface of the injector holder while surrounding a head of the injector body. .
[0011] La tête est prévue avec deux méplats, de sorte que l'engagement de la fourchette sur la tête permet d'immobiliser directement l'injecteur en rotation lors de son montage.The head is provided with two flats, so that the engagement of the fork on the head can directly immobilize the injector in rotation during its assembly.
[0012] Cependant, compte tenu de la distance séparant l'extrémité inférieure de l'injecteur et l'extrémité de la bougie, il s'avère qu'un faible écart de la position angulaire de l'injecteur par rapport à une position de référence se traduit par un écart trop important entre la bougie et le jet le plus proche.However, given the distance separating the lower end of the injector and the end of the plug, it turns out that a small difference in the angular position of the injector relative to a position of reference results in an excessive gap between the candle and the nearest jet.
[0013] Le but de l'invention est de proposer une fourchette de maintien ou de fixation d'un porte-injecteur permettant d'assurer un positionnement angulaire précis de cet injecteur lors de son montage. [0014] A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une fourchette de maintien d'un élément à un support, telle qu'une fourchette de maintien d'un porte-injecteur à une culasse de moteur thermique, cette fourchette comprenant une queue destinée à venir en appui sur le support et munie d'une ouverture centrale destinée à recevoir un élément de serrage au support, et deux branches destinées à venir en appui sur l'élément en entourant une tête de cet élément et comprenant au moins un méplat pour bloquer cet élément en rotation. Selon l'invention, la fourchette comporte un élément élastique équipant l'une de ses branches et définissant deux appuis élastiques interposés entre une face interne de cette branche et la tête de l'élément afin de maintenir un méplat de cette tête en appui sur une face interne de la branche opposée.The object of the invention is to provide a holding fork or attachment of an injector holder to ensure accurate angular positioning of the injector during its assembly. For this purpose, the invention relates to a holding fork of an element to a support, such as a holding fork of an injector holder to an engine cylinder head, this fork comprising a tail intended to bear on the support and provided with a central opening for receiving a clamping element to the support, and two branches intended to bear on the element by surrounding a head of this element and comprising at least one flat part. to lock this rotating element. According to the invention, the fork comprises a resilient element equipping one of its branches and defining two elastic supports interposed between an inner face of this branch and the head of the element in order to maintain a flat part of this head resting on a inner side of the opposite branch.
[0015] L'introduction d'un élément élastique entre un bras de fourchette et l'un des deux méplats du porte-injecteur permet de contrer les efforts résultants du serrage de la vis fixant la fourchette sur le support, contribuant à garder l'alignement de l'axe de symétrie du méplat de Porte-injecteur par rapport à l'axe de la vis de fixation de la fourchette.The introduction of a resilient member between a fork arm and one of the two flats of the nozzle holder counteracts the efforts resulting from the tightening of the screw fixing the fork on the support, helping to keep the aligning the axis of symmetry of the nozzle holder flat with respect to the axis of the fork attachment screw.
[0016] Dans une variante de réalisation préférée, l'ouverture centrale comprend de plus un siège ayant une forme de révolution assurant un centrage de la fourchette par rapport à une tête de l'élément de serrage lorsque cette vis de serrage est serrée.In a preferred embodiment, the central opening further comprises a seat having a shape of revolution ensuring a centering of the fork relative to a head of the clamping element when the clamping screw is tightened.
[0017] L'invention concerne également une fourchette telle que définie ci- dessus, dans laquelle l'élément de serrage au support est une vis.The invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the clamping element to the support is a screw.
[0018] L'invention concerne également une fourchette telle que définie ci- dessus, dans laquelle le siège a une forme de calotte sphérique pour définir avec la tête de l'élément de serrage une liaison de type rotule.The invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the seat has a spherical cap shape to define with the head of the clamping element a ball joint type.
[0019] L'invention concerne également une fourchette telle que définie ci- dessus, comprenant un élément élastique équipant l'une de ses branches et définissant deux appuis élastiques interposés entre une face interne de cette branche et la tête de l'élément afin de maintenir un méplat de cette tête en appui sur une face interne de la branche opposée.The invention also relates to a fork as defined above, comprising a resilient element equipping one of its branches and defining two elastic supports interposed between an inner face of this branch and the head of the element to maintain a flat part of this head resting on an inner face of the opposite branch.
[0020] L'invention concerne également une fourchette telle que définie ci- dessus, dans laquelle l'élément élastique comprend deux appuis élastiques espacés l'un de l'autre le long de la face interne de la branche pour venir en appui sur un méplat de la tête de l'élément.The invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the elastic element comprises two resilient supports spaced apart from each other along the inner face of the branch to bear on a flat of the head of the element.
[0021] L'invention concerne également une fourchette telle que définie ci- dessus, dans laquelle l'élément élastique comprend une lame métallique, et dans lequel les points d'appui élastiques sont des portions bombées de cette lame métallique.The invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the elastic element comprises a metal blade, and wherein the elastic bearing points are curved portions of the metal blade.
[0022] L'invention concerne également une fourchette telle que définie ci- dessus, dans laquelle l'élément élastique est formé à partir d'une tôle ayant une forme générale de T, chaque portion bombée étant obtenue en courbant une extrémité de la tête de ce T, et dans laquelle la jambe du T est pliée de manière à entourer partiellement la branche pour être fixée à celle-ci par agrafage.The invention also relates to a fork as defined above, wherein the elastic element is formed from a sheet having a general shape of T, each curved portion being obtained by bending one end of the head. of this T, and in which the leg of the T is bent so as to partially surround the branch to be attached thereto by stapling.
[0023] L'invention concerne également une fourchette telle que définie ci- dessus, comprenant une touche en forme de calotte sphérique au niveau de la queue pour assurer un appui ponctuel de la queue sur le support, et une touche en forme de portion de cylindre au niveau de chaque branche pour assurer un appui linéaire des branches sur l'élément.The invention also relates to a fork as defined above, comprising a spherical cap shaped key at the tail to ensure a one-off support of the tail on the support, and a portion-shaped touch of cylinder at each branch to provide a linear support of the branches on the element.
[0024] L'invention concerne également un dispositif de maintien d'un porte- injecteur sur une culasse de moteur thermique comprenant une fourchette telle que définie ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a device for holding a nozzle holder on a thermal engine cylinder head comprising a fork as defined above.
[0025] L'invention sera maintenant décrite plus en détail, et en référence aux figures annexées. • La figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective d'un porte-injecteur maintenu par une fourchette selon l'invention ;The invention will now be described in more detail and with reference to the accompanying figures. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of an injector holder held by a fork according to the invention;
• La figure 2 est une vue en perspective de la fourchette selon l'invention et d'une partie supérieure du porte-injecteur qu'elle maintient ;FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the fork according to the invention and of an upper part of the injector holder which it holds;
• La figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'une fourchette selon l'invention et du porte-injecteur qu'elle maintient ;• Figure 3 is a top view of a fork according to the invention and the injector holder that maintains;
• La figure 4 est une vue en coupe de la fourchette selon l'invention avec sa vis de fixation ;• Figure 4 is a sectional view of the fork according to the invention with its fixing screw;
• La figure 5 est une vue en perspective des branches de la fourchette selon l'invention ;FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the branches of the fork according to the invention;
• La figure 6A est une vue de dessus des branches de la fourchette selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'élément élastique étant généralement en forme de T ;FIG. 6A is a view from above of the branches of the fork according to one embodiment of the invention, the elastic element being generally T-shaped;
• La figure 6B est une vue de dessus des branches de la fourchette selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'élément élastique étant généralement en forme de U ;FIG. 6B is a view from above of the branches of the fork according to another embodiment of the invention, the elastic element being generally U-shaped;
• La figure 7 est une vue de face de la fourchette selon l'invention et d'une partie supérieure du porte-injecteur qu'elle maintient ;FIG. 7 is a front view of the fork according to the invention and of an upper part of the injector holder which it holds;
• La figure 8 est une vue latérale de la fourchette selon l'invention et d'une partie supérieure du porte-injecteur qu'elle maintient.• Figure 8 is a side view of the fork according to the invention and an upper part of the injector holder that maintains.
[0026] Dans la figure 1 , un porte-injecteur 1 représenté en perspective comprend un corps principal généralement cylindrique 2 s'étendant selon un axe vertical AX. Ce corps principal 2 comprend une extrémité inférieure 3 d'injection de carburant, et une partie supérieure sur laquelle vient en appui une fourchette 4 pour le maintenir en position dans une culasse non représentée.In Figure 1, an injector holder 1 shown in perspective comprises a generally cylindrical main body 2 extending along a vertical axis AX. This main body 2 comprises a lower end 3 of fuel injection, and an upper portion on which bears a fork 4 to hold it in position in a cylinder head not shown.
[0027] L'extrémité inférieure débouche dans une chambre de combustion non représentée, dans laquelle débouche également une extrémité 6 d'une bougie 7 pour produire une étincelle afin de déclencher la combustion. [0028] L'extrémité inférieure 3 injecte le carburant, dans le cas ici représenté sous la forme de six jets équidistants distincts repérés par 8, 9, 11 , 12, 13, 14 qui sont régulièrement répartis autour de l'axe AX en étant espacés les uns des autres d'un angle de soixante degrés.The lower end opens into a not shown combustion chamber, in which also opens an end 6 of a candle 7 to produce a spark to trigger combustion. The lower end 3 injects the fuel, in the case here represented in the form of six separate equidistant jets marked by 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 which are regularly distributed around the axis AX being spaced from each other by an angle of sixty degrees.
[0029] Dans l'exemple des figures, et en particulier dans la figure 2, ce porte- injecteur 1 comprend également dans sa partie supérieure un connecteur électrique 17 et une buse de retour carburant 18. Il comprend encore une surface supérieure d'appui 19 s'étendant selon un plan normal à l'axe AX avec une tête 21 d'injection haute pression située dans une zone centrale de cette face supérieure.In the example of the figures, and in particular in FIG. 2, this injector holder 1 also comprises, in its upper part, an electrical connector 17 and a fuel return nozzle 18. It also comprises an upper support surface. 19 extending in a plane normal to the axis AX with a high pressure injection head 21 located in a central zone of this upper face.
[0030] Comme visible dans la figure 3, l'injecteur occupe une position angulaire idéale par rapport à son axe de révolution AX, de telle sorte que le jet repéré par 8 tangente l'extrémité 6 de la bougie d'allumage 7, ce qui correspond à une situation idéale en matière de conditions de combustion.As can be seen in FIG. 3, the injector occupies an ideal angular position with respect to its axis of revolution AX, so that the jet identified by 8 tangents the end 6 of the spark plug 7, which corresponds to an ideal situation with regard to combustion conditions.
[0031] La fourchette 4 exerce un effort selon l'axe AX, sur la surface supérieure d'appui 19 du porte-injecteur, pour le maintenir en position dans la culasse en maintenant un épaulement 16 d'une partie inférieure du corps principal 2 en appui sur un siège correspondant non représenté de la culasse.The fork 4 exerts a force along the axis AX, on the upper bearing surface 19 of the injector holder, to maintain it in position in the cylinder head by maintaining a shoulder 16 of a lower portion of the main body 2 resting on a corresponding non-represented seat of the breech.
[0032] Cette fourchette 4 qui apparaît plus clairement dans la vue de dessus de la figure 3, comprend une queue 23 venant en appui sur un plot 24 faisant partie de la culasse ou rapporté à celle-ci. Elle comprend également deux branches 26 et 27 s'étendant parallèlement l'une à l'autre, qui viennent en appui sur la surface d'appui 19 en entourant la tête 21.This fork 4 which appears more clearly in the top view of Figure 3, comprises a tail 23 bearing on a stud 24 forming part of the yoke or attached thereto. It also comprises two branches 26 and 27 extending parallel to each other, which bear on the bearing surface 19 surrounding the head 21.
[0033] Une ouverture centrale 28, située entre la queue 23 et les branches 26 et 27 est prévue dans la fourchette pour recevoir un élément de serrage, dans le cas présent une vis de serrage 29 qui est vissée dans la culasse, la tête 31 de cette vis de serrage étant en appui sur la fourchette. Il est aussi possible de substituer à la vis 29 par exemple un écrou. [0034] Comme représenté dans la figure 4, l'ouverture 28 définit une surface interne ayant une forme générale d'entonnoir, formant un siège sur lequel la tête 31 de la vis vient en appui. Le serrage de la vis 29 provoque ainsi spontanément le centrage de la fourchette 4 par rapport à la tête 31 de la vis.A central opening 28, located between the shank 23 and the branches 26 and 27 is provided in the fork to receive a clamping element, in this case a clamping screw 29 which is screwed into the cylinder head, the head 31 this clamping screw being supported on the fork. It is also possible to substitute the screw 29 for example a nut. As shown in Figure 4, the opening 28 defines an inner surface having a general funnel shape, forming a seat on which the head 31 of the screw bears. The tightening of the screw 29 thus spontaneously causes the centering of the fork 4 relative to the head 31 of the screw.
[0035] Plus particulièrement, l'ouverture 28 comprend un perçage central débouchant sur une face inférieure de la fourchette et traversé par la tige de la vis 29, ce perçage s'élargissant selon une forme de calotte sphérique 32 sur laquelle vient en appui une surface inférieure complémentaire 33 de la tête de la vis 29.More particularly, the opening 28 comprises a central bore emerging on a lower face of the fork and traversed by the rod of the screw 29, this hole widening in a spherical cap shape 32 on which is supported by a complementary bottom surface 33 of the head of the screw 29.
[0036] Cette calotte sphérique 32 formant siège d'accueil de la tête 31 s'élargit encore selon une surface tronconique 35 pour rejoindre une surface supérieure de la fourchette 4.This spherical cap 32 forming the home seat of the head 31 widens further along a frustoconical surface 35 to reach an upper surface of the fork 4.
[0037] Grâce à ce siège 32 que comporte l'ouverture 28, la fourchette 4 se centre nécessairement par rapport à la position de la tête 31 de la vis 29 durant le serrage de cette vis.With this seat 32 that includes the opening 28, the fork 4 is necessarily centered relative to the position of the head 31 of the screw 29 during the tightening of this screw.
[0038] Ceci permet d'assurer un positionnement précis du centre de la fourchette 4 pour éviter qu'il ne se décale latéralement lors du montage, ce qui se traduirait par une rotation de la fourchette 4 introduisant un décalage correspondant de la position angulaire du porte-injecteur 1 autour de l'axe AX.This ensures a precise positioning of the center of the fork 4 to prevent it from shifting laterally during assembly, which would result in a rotation of the fork 4 introducing a corresponding offset of the angular position of the injector holder 1 around the axis AX.
[0039] D'autre part, les branches 26 et 27 de la fourchette qui s'étendent parallèlement l'une à l'autre pour entourer la tête 21 du porte-injecteur, sont conçues pour bloquer avec précision la position angulaire de l'injecteur par rapport à la fourchette 4.On the other hand, the branches 26 and 27 of the fork which extend parallel to each other to surround the head 21 of the injector holder, are designed to accurately block the angular position of the injector with respect to the fork 4.
[0040] Complémentairement, la tête 21 comprend deux méplats repérés par 34 et 36 dans la figure 7, dont l'un vient en appui sur une face interne 37 de la branche 26. [0041] Selon l'invention, le positionnement angulaire du porte-injecteur par rapport à la fourchette est amélioré grâce à des moyens élastiques visibles sur les figures 5 et 6, qui assurent le plaquage du méplat 36 contre la face interne 37 de la branche 26.Complementarily, the head 21 comprises two flats marked 34 and 36 in Figure 7, one of which bears on an inner face 37 of the branch 26. According to the invention, the angular positioning of the nozzle holder relative to the fork is improved by means of elastic means visible in Figures 5 and 6, which ensure the flattening of the flat 36 against the inner face 37 of the branch 26.
[0042] Ces moyens élastiques forment deux appuis élastiques 38 et 39 qui sont situés sur la face interne 41 de la branche 27 en étant espacés l'un de l'autre le long de cette branche.These elastic means form two elastic supports 38 and 39 which are located on the inner face 41 of the branch 27 being spaced apart from each other along this branch.
[0043] Selon un mode de réalisation, comme visible dans les figures 5 et 6A, ces moyens élastiques sont formés à partir d'une tôle élastique 42 ayant un contour de forme générale en T. Les deux extrémités de la tête 43 du T sont courbées pour être bombées et former des appuis élastiques, la tête du T s'étendant généralement parallèlement à la branche 26.According to one embodiment, as can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6A, these elastic means are formed from an elastic sheet 42 having a generally T-shaped outline. The two ends of the head 43 of the T are curved to be bulging and forming resilient supports, the head of the T extending generally parallel to the branch 26.
[0044] La jambe 44 du T est également courbée de manière à entourer au moins partiellement la branche 27 pour constituer une agrafe de fixation à cette branche. Complémentairement, la branche 27 comprend une rigole 46 dans laquelle cette jambe 44 vient s'encastrer pour assurer un positionnement de l'élément élastique 42 longitudinalement par rapport à la branche 27.The leg 44 of the T is also curved so as to at least partially surround the branch 27 to form a fastening clip to this branch. Complementarily, the branch 27 comprises a channel 46 in which this leg 44 is embedded to ensure positioning of the elastic member 42 longitudinally with respect to the branch 27.
[0045] Grâce aux contacts élastiques 38 et 39, le méplat 36 de la tête 21 est maintenu en appui sur la face interne 37 de la branche 26, ce qui permet de s'affranchir de l'influence du jeu angulaire introduit par le jeu fonctionnel correspondant à la différence entre la distance séparant les faces internes 41 et 37 et la distance séparant les méplats 34 et 36.Thanks to the elastic contacts 38 and 39, the flat portion 36 of the head 21 is held in abutment on the inner face 37 of the branch 26, which makes it possible to overcome the influence of the angular clearance introduced by the game. functional corresponding to the difference between the distance separating the internal faces 41 and 37 and the distance separating the flats 34 and 36.
[0046] Ainsi, la mise en œuvre des appuis élastiques 38 et 39 permet d'annuler le jeu angulaire de la tête 21 du porte-injecteur par rapport à la fourchette 4, ce jeu étant représenté par α dans la figure 3.Thus, the implementation of the elastic supports 38 and 39 makes it possible to cancel the angular clearance of the head 21 of the injector holder with respect to the fork 4, this clearance being represented by α in FIG. 3.
[0047] La réduction du jeu angulaire de positionnement est d'autre part réduite par la mise en œuvre du siège de centrage 32 détaillé plus haut, qui évite un décalage latéral de la fourchette susceptible de se traduire par un défaut angulaire supplémentaire.The reduction of the angular positioning clearance is further reduced by the implementation of the centering seat 32 detailed above, which avoids a lateral offset of the range likely to result in an additional angular defect.
[0048] Un autre mode de réalisation est représenté à la figure 6B, les éléments y étant repérés par les mêmes références que pour le mode de réalisation précédent en étant complétés par le signe prime.Another embodiment is shown in Figure 6B, the elements being identified by the same references as for the previous embodiment being completed by the prime sign.
[0049] Dans cet autre mode de réalisation, l'élément élastique 42' est généralement en forme de U, entourant une branche 27' de sorte que les efforts exercés sur celle-ci sont équilibrés, et non dissymétriques comme dans le cas d'un élément en T de la figure 6A. Dans ce cas, il est prévu une rigole longitudinale 46' permettant de loger le corps de l'élément élastique, seuls les appuis élastiques 38' et 39' restant protubérants. Ce mode de réalisation permet un montage simplifié.In this other embodiment, the elastic element 42 'is generally U-shaped, surrounding a branch 27' so that the forces exerted on it are balanced, and not dissymmetrical as in the case of a T-element of Figure 6A. In this case, there is provided a longitudinal channel 46 'for housing the body of the elastic member, only elastic supports 38' and 39 'remaining protruding. This embodiment allows a simplified assembly.
[0050] Complémentairement à ces moyens, la fourchette est pourvue de touches d'appui assurant son maintien isostatique sur le porte-injecteur et sur la culasse, ce qui réduit encore les écarts de positionnement de la fourchette susceptibles de se traduire par un décalage angulaire du porte-injecteur.In addition to these means, the fork is provided with support keys ensuring isostatic support on the injector holder and on the cylinder head, which further reduces the positioning differences of the range may result in an angular offset of the injector holder.
[0051] A cet effet, la queue de la fourchette est pourvue sur sa face inférieure d'une touche 47 formant une surface sphérique, visible figure 8, définissant un appui ponctuel sur la surface supérieure plane du pion 24. De manière analogue, la branche 26 et la branche 27 sont pourvues de touches 48 et 49 ayant des surfaces en portions de cylindres coaxiaux qui définissent un appui linéaire de ces branches sur la surface supérieure 19.For this purpose, the tail of the fork is provided on its underside with a key 47 forming a spherical surface, visible in FIG 8, defining a point support on the flat upper surface of the pin 24. Similarly, the branch 26 and the branch 27 are provided with keys 48 and 49 having surfaces in coaxial cylinder portions which define a linear support of these branches on the upper surface 19.
[0052] Ainsi, l'appui ponctuel 47 supprime un premier degré de liberté en translation verticale de la fourchette, le contact linéique assuré par les touches 48 et 49 supprime deux degrés de liberté en rotation autour de deux axes perpendiculaires entre eux et perpendiculaires à l'axe AX. [0053] Les trois autres degrés de liberté restants, comprennent les deux translations possibles de la fourchette dans un plan normal à l'axe AX, et la rotation de la fourchette autour de l'axe AX.Thus, the point support 47 suppresses a first degree of freedom in vertical translation of the range, the linear contact provided by the keys 48 and 49 removes two degrees of freedom in rotation about two axes perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to AX axis. The other three remaining degrees of freedom include the two possible translations of the fork in a plane normal to the axis AX, and the rotation of the fork around the axis AX.
[0054] Les deux translations possibles sont supprimées par la liaison rotule formée par le siège 34 et la tête 31 de la vis 29. La rotation de la fourchette autour de l'axe AX dans un plan normal à cet axe est quant à elle supprimée par l'engagement des branches 26 et 27 sur la tête 21 du porte-injecteur.The two possible translations are removed by the ball joint formed by the seat 34 and the head 31 of the screw 29. The rotation of the fork around the axis AX in a plane normal to this axis is removed. by the engagement of the branches 26 and 27 on the head 21 of the injector holder.
[0055] II est encore à noter que la fourchette selon l'invention n'induit pas de défaut du positionnement angulaire du porte-injecteur en cas d'écart angulaire entre la vis de serrage 29 et l'axe AX. Ce défaut angulaire est repéré par λ en figure 8, et il correspond à l'angle séparant l'axe AX et l'axe de la vis 31 , dans un plan contenant l'axe AX et l'axe de la vis 31.It should also be noted that the fork according to the invention does not induce a fault in the angular positioning of the injector holder in the case of angular deviation between the clamping screw 29 and the axis AX. This angular defect is indicated by λ in FIG. 8, and corresponds to the angle separating the axis AX and the axis of the screw 31, in a plane containing the axis AX and the axis of the screw 31.
[0056] La fourchette selon l'invention permet ainsi de positionner avec précision le jet de référence 8 par rapport à la tête 6 de la bougie 7, par exemple pour placer la tête 6 et le jet de référence 8 dans un même plan passant par l'axe AX.The fork according to the invention thus makes it possible to accurately position the reference jet 8 with respect to the head 6 of the spark plug 7, for example to place the head 6 and the reference jet 8 in the same plane passing through AX axis.
[0057] Ce positionnement est obtenu simplement en montant la fourchette et en serrant la vis 29, c'est-à-dire sans avoir à effectuer d'ajustement spécifique.This positioning is obtained simply by mounting the fork and tightening the screw 29, that is to say without having to perform specific adjustment.
[0058] Le dispositif selon l'invention est tout particulièrement avantageux car il permet un blocage d'un élément à la fois en translation et en rotation avec une grande précision de positionnement. The device according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it allows a blocking of an element both in translation and in rotation with high positioning accuracy.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Fourchette (4) de maintien d'un élément à un support comprenant une queue (23) destinée à venir en appui sur le support et munie d'une ouverture centrale (28) destinée à recevoir un élément (29) de serrage au support, et deux branches (26, 27) destinées à venir en appui sur l'élément en entourant une tête (21 ) de cet élément et comprenant au moins un méplat (36) pour bloquer cet élément en rotation caractérisée que la fourchette comporte un élément élastique (42) équipant l'une de ses branches (27) et définissant deux appuis élastiques (38, 39) interposés entre une face interne (41 ) de cette branche et la tête (21 ) de l'élément afin de maintenir un méplat (36) de cette tête en appui sur une face interne (37) de la branche opposée (26).1. fork (4) for holding an element to a support comprising a shank (23) intended to rest on the support and provided with a central opening (28) intended to receive a clamping element (29) at support, and two branches (26, 27) intended to bear on the element by surrounding a head (21) of this element and comprising at least one flat (36) for blocking this rotating element characterized that the fork has a elastic element (42) equipping one of its branches (27) and defining two elastic supports (38, 39) interposed between an inner face (41) of this branch and the head (21) of the element to maintain a flat (36) of this head bearing on an inner face (37) of the opposite branch (26).
2. Fourchette (4) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture centrale (28) comprend un siège (32) ayant une forme de révolution assurant un centrage de la fourchette (4) par rapport à une tête (31 ) de l'élément de serrage (29) lorsque cette vis de serrage est serrée.2. Fork (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the central opening (28) comprises a seat (32) having a shape of revolution ensuring a centering of the fork (4) relative to a head (31) of the clamping element (29) when this clamping screw is tightened.
3. Fourchette (4) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle l'élément (29) de serrage au support est une vis.The fork (4) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the clamping member (29) to the support is a screw.
4. Fourchette (4) selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, dans laquelle le siège a une forme de calotte sphérique (32) pour définir avec la tête (31 ) de l'élément de serrage (29) une liaison de type rotule.4. Fork (4) according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the seat has a spherical cap shape (32) to define with the head (31) of the clamping member (29) a ball joint type connection .
5. Fourchette selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle l'élément élastique (42) comprend deux appuis élastiques (38, 39) espacés l'un de l'autre le long de la face interne (41 ) de la branche (26) pour venir en appui sur un méplat (34) de la tête (21 ) de l'élément.A fork according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the elastic member (42) comprises two resilient supports (38, 39) spaced apart from each other along the inner face (41) of the branch (26) for bearing on a flat (34) of the head (21) of the element.
6. Fourchette selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle l'élément élastique (42) comprend une lame métallique, et dans lequel les points d'appui élastiques (38, 39) sont des portions bombées de cette lame métallique. The fork of claim 5, wherein the resilient member (42) comprises a metal blade, and wherein the elastic bearing points (38, 39) are curved portions of this metal blade.
7. Fourchette selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle l'élément élastique (42) est formé à partir d'une tôle ayant une forme générale de T, chaque portion bombée étant obtenue en courbant une extrémité de la tête (43) de ce T, et dans laquelle la jambe (44) du T est pliée de manière à entourer partiellement la branche (26) pour être fixée à celle-ci par agrafage.7. A fork according to claim 6, wherein the elastic element (42) is formed from a sheet having a generally T shape, each curved portion being obtained by bending an end of the head (43) of this T and in which the leg (44) of the T is folded so as to partially surround the branch (26) to be attached thereto by stapling.
8. Fourchette selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, comprenant une touche en forme de calotte sphérique au niveau de la queue pour assurer un appui ponctuel de la queue sur le support, et une touche en forme de portion de cylindre au niveau de chaque branche pour assurer un appui linéaire des branches sur l'élément.8. Fork according to one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a cap-like spherical cap at the tail to ensure a one-off support of the tail on the support, and a cylinder-shaped portion of the touch at the level of each branch to provide a linear support of branches on the element.
9. Dispositif de maintien d'un porte-injecteur sur une culasse de moteur thermique comprenant une fourchette (4) selon l'une des revendications précédentes. 9. Device for holding an injector holder on a cylinder head of a combustion engine comprising a fork (4) according to one of the preceding claims.
EP07804004A 2006-07-21 2007-07-10 Combustion engine injector holder retaining fork Not-in-force EP2044322B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0653076A FR2904059B1 (en) 2006-07-21 2006-07-21 HOLDING FORK OF A THERMAL MOTOR INJECTOR HOLDER.
PCT/FR2007/051628 WO2008009842A1 (en) 2006-07-21 2007-07-10 Combustion engine injector holder retaining fork

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EP2044322A1 true EP2044322A1 (en) 2009-04-08
EP2044322B1 EP2044322B1 (en) 2010-11-17

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EP (1) EP2044322B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE488689T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602007010637D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2354639T3 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2904059A1 (en) 2008-01-25
ES2354639T3 (en) 2011-03-16
WO2008009842A1 (en) 2008-01-24
FR2904059B1 (en) 2010-06-18
EP2044322B1 (en) 2010-11-17
ATE488689T1 (en) 2010-12-15
US20090314258A1 (en) 2009-12-24
DE602007010637D1 (en) 2010-12-30

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