EP2043425A1

EP2043425A1 - Device for protecting animals from insects

Info

Publication number: EP2043425A1
Application number: EP07787504A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gerd Hexels
Original assignee: Hexonia GmbH
Current assignee: Hexonia GmbH
Priority date: 2006-07-21
Filing date: 2007-07-13
Publication date: 2009-04-08
Also published as: WO2008009632A1; DE102006034316A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for protecting animals from insects.

Description

DEVICE FOR PROTECTING ANIMALS FROM INSECTS

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to textile devices for the protection of animals from insects, in particular blood-sucking insects (vectors). The textile devices according to the invention are able to protect animals, especially horses, from bloodsucking insects in an extremely effective manner because of their configuration as spacer knitwear. At the same time, the device has such a high wearing comfort for the animals to be protected, that they do not find the devices disturbing,

The term vector (Latin vector: someone who carries, pulls or carries) in biology and medicine generally means a carrier of infectious diseases, the vector transports a pathogen from the main host, reservoir host to another organism, without even getting sick. This corresponds to an indirect, horizontal infection path, vectors, that is, blood-sucking insects such as

Fleas, mosquitoes, snappers, ticks and similar animals are thus often transmitters of diseases, In addition to this dangerous effect, the bites of these insects are painful and unpleasant, Therefore, it is desirable to protect animals from vectors,

Insect protection blankets for horses are known from the state of the art. For example, DE 29609603 U1 describes a net blanket which can also be used while riding. The mode of action of these known net-like horse blankets is based on the fact that by the movement of the horse or the

Twitching of his skin, especially when landing the insects on the skin, move the openings of the net cover relative to the skin, so that landed insects are stripped off, Compared with closed tight-meshed ceilings, the Net blankets have the advantage that they allow the health-promoting effect of sunlight and air on the skin and in particular the removal of sweat, so that they are generally more preferred. Closed, close-meshed ceilings are not always able to prevent insects from stinging through the ceilings. Furthermore, in these ceilings, the heat dissipation and moisture and welding discharge is very problematic. The net-like blankets, however, still have significant effectiveness deficits. So these can not prevent the landing of insects on the fur of the animal at first. Therefore, in some cases, it may already come to a sting before the animal reacts and twitches. Even if the insect is no longer sting, the constant landing of insects and the resulting stimulus of movement is nevertheless associated with the animal with a great impairment of his well-being. It can also lead to nervous reactions of the animal, which can lead to a danger to humans. Some patent publications are concerned with textile protective equipment for humans. In this regard, for example, from EP 1 549 1 63 Al a protective equipment for people against insects is known, which is equipped with a protective mesh made of a breathable fabric to cover head, body, arms, hands, legs and feet, The protective net can be sticky and with be coated with an insecticide. However, the patent does not contain information on the tissue material nor on the nature and mission of the insecticide,

Furthermore, DE 20 2005 004056 U 1 describes a textile fabric for producing protective clothing against vectors. However, the use of aramid fibers (aromatic polyamide-polyimide compounds) forms an essential feature. This fabric is still in view of the uniformity of the order of the insecticide which is apparently related to the use of the aramid fiber.

Furthermore, EP 0 731 208 A1 discloses fabrics which contain permethrin and polyvinyl acetate in the fiber, which is intended to improve the washing resistance.

In the earlier priority, unpublished patent application DE 1 0 2005 046 01 3 a device for the protection of animals from insects is described. The device comprises a fabric of synthetic fibers consisting of a fibrous material selected from the group consisting of: polyamides, polyesters, polyesteramides, polyetheresters, polydienes, polyetheresteramides, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, modacrylic, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylalcohol , Polytetrafluorethyien, polyurethane, cellulose acetate, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, native materials such as wool and cotton and mixtures of said fiber materials, the textile fabric has at least one insecticidal active ingredient. Although the saddle blanket described is already effective in other areas and effective, but it is necessary that the saddle blanket is provided with an insecticidal active ingredient. This is cumbersome to manufacture, expensive and know the disadvantage that both the horse and the rider, especially when putting on the horse blanket, with the knitted fabric and thus with the insecticidal active ingredient, which was applied to the saddle blanket comes into contact.

There is therefore a need for a device for the protection of animals, for example in the form of a (saddle) blanket, which effectively protects the horse from insects and in which the use of insecticidal active substances can be dispensed with, at least in some embodiments.

Furthermore, spacer fabrics are known from the prior art known. For example, DE 1 95 30 928 A describes a spacer fabric with two fabric surfaces which are held at a distance by monofilament threads. These spacer fabrics are primarily used in the clothing industry and the automotive industry. Applications as furniture upholstery or as carpet are also mentioned. However, the patent application does not contain any information regarding further uses of the spacer knitted fabric, in particular with regard to the vector control. From DE 20 2005 01 1 858 U1, a saddlecloth is also known, which consists of a spacer knit or knitted fabric

Spacer knitted comprises existing three-dimensional air conditioning fabric. This German utility model is based on the problem that the previously used saddle blankets neither grant a pressure relief nor have sufficient hygiene. On the defense of bothersome for the animals insect is not entered into the German utility model,

In view of the present state of the art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device with which animals are effectively protected from insects. Furthermore, the devices should preferably have a high, the animals practically not disturbing comfort. In specific embodiments, the device should preferably be designed so that the use of an insecticidal active substance can be dispensed with. In other embodiments, the device should preferably be designed such that insects are quenched, paralyzed or even killed on contact with the device, but in particular also already in the immediate vicinity of the device. All the above-mentioned and discussed publications is not the slightest indication of the problems of the invention. First embodiment

The above objects are achieved in a first embodiment by the use of a device for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric.

The present invention is based on the idea to provide a device for the protection of animals from insects, which keeps insects away from the skin of the animal so that they can no longer approach the animals with their mouthparts and thus their painful bites no longer can perform

This is achieved in that the device according to the invention according to the first embodiment, which is for example designed as a saddle blanket, comprises a spacer knitted fabric which has at least two fabric surfaces and in which the outer two Warenfiächen the fabric are kept at a distance by spacers that an insecticide with due to its brevity, its mouthpiece or piercing can no longer pierce the animal to be protected by the spacer knitwear.

In the context of the present invention, a spacer knitted fabric or spacer knitted fabric is generally understood to mean warp knitted, multi-surface constructions which comprise at least two fabric surfaces in which the fabric surfaces are kept at a distance by connecting threads. The spacer threads can be, for example, spacer threads or connecting pins.

In the context of the invention, animals in particular include mammals, preferably domestic animals, more preferably horses. The term "animals" does not include humans. In the context of the present invention, insects are, inter alia, insects of the order Diptera, for example - ό -

Mosquitoes and flies, in particular the large and small houseflies, brakes, botched flies, understood as Magendasselfliegen and Nasendasselfliegen, biting flies, mosquitoes, blackflies and midges, Furthermore, the term insects in the context of the present invention, inter alia, insects of the order mites, such as ticks However, it should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the protection against these insects,

The device according to the invention to be used according to the first embodiment is a spacer knit (or, a

Spacer knitwear). In particular, it is a textile three-dimensional spacer knitted fabric made of synthetic and / or native fibers, which comprises at least two fabric surfaces and wherein the spacers keep the fabric surfaces at a distance. A three-dimensional textile knitted fabric to be used according to the invention can be produced according to this invention, for example by means of double needle bar raschel machines. Corresponding preparations are described in "Knitting and knitting - Technological and Bindungstechnische bases", 2004, German Fachverlag, the relevant disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in the present invention. In the context of this invention fibers are to be understood as synthetic fibers which contain and prefer synthetic polymers The choice of suitable fiber materials is in principle not limited, as long as a corresponding spacer knitted fabric can be produced with the fiber material. Accordingly, the material selection can be made specifically according to the requirement profile of the device for protection against insects, for example according to the requirement profile of a horse blanket.

Suitable fiber materials are useful selected from polyacrylic, in particular homopolymeric polyacrylic (PAHN), polyamides, such as polyamide 6 (perlon), polyamide 66 etc., optionally alkalized polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethers, polyimides and aramides, polyester amides, polyether esters, polydienes,

Polyetheresteramides, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, modacrylic, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylalcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane (elastane), cellulose acetate, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, native materials such as wool and cotton, and physical blends of the foregoing

Fiber materials. They are prepared in a conventional manner by polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation. Special preferred fiber materials are due to good strength and good UV resistance polyethylene, due to good UV resistance polyacrylic, especially homopolymeric polyacrylic (PANH), and alkalized polyester (for example, so that the device is not fully saturated with moisture).

In a further embodiment of the first embodiment, cotton can be used as the fiber material, in particular for the downstream side (s) of the spacer knit fabric. Cotton itself has a very good feel as a material and can be well provided with insecticidal active ingredients because of its hydrophilic character.

In order for the protection of the animal to be sufficient before stinging insects, it is preferred that the distance between the two outer fabric surfaces of the spacer knitted fabric to be used according to the invention is so great that insects with their vectors no longer penetrate the skin of the fabric in a stitch through the knitted fabric Animal reach, the distance of the outer two commodity areas of the invention to be used

Spacer knit is therefore generally at least 3 mm, preferably at least 3.5 mm, more preferably at least 4 mm, in particular at least 4.5 mm, especially at least 5 mm. Further, the distance of the outer two commodity areas is generally at most 8 mm, preferably at most 7 mm, in particular at most 6 mm, particularly preferably at most 5 mm,

In general, the distance of the outer two fabric surfaces of the spacer fabric to be used according to the invention is therefore at most 8 mm, preferably at most 7 mm, in particular at most 6 mm, particularly preferably at most 5 mm.

The adjustment of the distance of the outer goods surfaces of the spacer knitted fabric can be achieved by variation or, suitable selection of the spacers, i. by selecting suitable spacer threads, or by pins, taking into account the hair length of the animal or the coat thickness. The spacers are also preferably designed so that they have an optimal return behavior, so that after deformation of the spacer fabric is a simple regression of the distance. In a further embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention, the to be used

Abstandgewirke on its inside a closed structure. Further, it is preferred that the inside of the spacer knit be hydrophilic so that the spacer knit, due to its construction, the material used and its equipment, quickly absorbs moisture from the animal hide, transports it to the outside and allowed to evaporate there.

The spacer fabric to be used according to the first embodiment is further preferably designed so that it does not absorb moisture in an uncontrolled manner and thus becomes too heavy or gets out of the mold. In this regard, for example, the use of optionally alkalized polyester as the spacer material is preferred It is advantageous if the spacer knitted fabric has a high perspiration fastness, wherein it should be taken into account, for example, that horse sweat is slightly alkaline.

The outside of the spacer fabric to be used according to the first embodiment preferably has one

Net structure, wherein the hole size is generally less than 2.5 mm, preferably less than 2.4 mm, in particular less than 2.3 mm, more preferably less than 2.2 mm, especially less than 2, 1 mm, more specifically smaller than 2 mm, is. In a further embodiment of the first embodiment, which is particularly preferred, the spacer fabric according to the invention has a hole size in chain generally of at least 1.0 ± 0.2 mm, preferably at least 1.5 ± 0.3 mm, particularly preferably at least 2, 0 ± 0.3 mm, and in weft generally of at least 1, 2 + 0.2 mm, preferably at least 1, 6 ± 0.3 mm.

The spacer fabric to be used according to the invention is preferably designed such that good air circulation and good air permeability prevail within the knitted fabric so that no microorganisms and bacteria are present within the fabric

Fix the blanket. For this reason, it is further preferable to provide antimicrobial equipment of the spacer fabric. Furthermore, it is preferred if the knitted fabric is UV-resistant. An advantageous starting material for the spacer knitted fabric in this regard is polyacrylic, especially homopolymeric polyacrylic (PANH), or polyethylene.

The residual strengths of the selected materials should be as high as possible.

Since the knitted fabric is often used outdoors, it is preferred that the present invention be used

Abstandsgewirke is substantially both hydrolysis and weather resistant. The color of the spacer fabric to be used according to the invention is not subject to any particular restriction. However, it is preferred if the textile material has no glaring, no dark and no yellow shades. Because insects are generally attracted by the color yellow and by the

Color blue are repelled, the color blue is preferred. Also, other healty colors are preferred. In this context, it is further preferred if the color of the spacer knit fabric is lightfast. The weight of the spacer knit should be as large as possible, so that a Wegwehen the knitted fabric can be avoided by wind. On the other hand, the weight of the knitted fabric should be adjusted so that it is still acceptable for the animal to be protected with a high level of comfort. The to be used according to the first embodiment

In a preferred embodiment, spacer fabric has a tensile strength according to DIN EN ISO 1 3934-1 of generally at least 350 N, preferably at least 400 N, in particular at least 450 N, particularly preferably at least 500 N, in the warp direction and weft direction. Particularly preferably, the spacer knitted fabric has a tensile strength in warp and weft direction of 500 to 600 N.

Furthermore, the tear propagation strength determined according to DIN 1 3937-2 is generally between 35 and 75 N, preferably between 40 and 70 N, particularly preferably between 45 and 65 N, in particular between 50 and 60 N.

The abrasion resistance of the spacer fabric to be used in the first embodiment according to the invention is generally at least 30,000 revolutions, preferably at least 40,000 revolutions, more preferably at least 50,000 revolutions, each with a maximum weight loss of 0.2 g and at 1 2 kPa, the test being Abrasion resistance is deemed to be complete if at least two threads in the test material are worn through.

The Fremdpillingverhalten of the present invention to be used spacer fabric is preferably at a grade of greater than or equal to 4, the Fremdpillingverhalten according to DIN EN ISO 1 2945-2; 1 997 is determined and graded.

The spacer fabric to be used according to the invention is preferably washable.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the spacer fabric to be used is designed so that it adapts to odd, so curvy forms. It is further preferred that the spacer fabric is under tension on the inside, so that the spacer fabric occupies an outwardly arched shape, which simplifies use for the protection of animals, for example horses (as saddle blanket), since the knitted fabric then becomes lighter assumes the outer shape of the animal. A corresponding curvature can be achieved, for example, by adding a certain amount of spandex to the spacer fabric on the inside. Furthermore, the spacer fabric is preferably provided with a pleasant feel for the animal.

For dirt repellency, the spacer fabric is preferably designed to be oleophobic,

The spacer fabric to be used in accordance with the present invention preferably makes as little noise as possible so as not to disturb or scare the animals when the knitted fabric is applied, preferably does not tend to become electrostatically charged and preferably has as few seams as required since seams often become one Scouring or pressing in the animals, for example when using the device according to the invention as a saddle blanket lead.

The spacer fabric to be used according to the invention In addition, not only provides vector protection, but also prevents oviposition by the vectors, so that stinging, biting and penetration of the larvae is prevented in the animal skin. Further optional embodiments of the device to be used according to the first embodiment can additionally be taken from the following illustrations of embodiments 2 to 11.

Second Embodiment The objects according to the invention are achieved in a second embodiment by an apparatus for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, wherein the spacer knitted fabric is not covered with a polyurethane-coated fabric. Thus, the spacer knitted fabric according to the invention differs according to the second

Embodiment of the described in DE 20 2005 01 1 858 U l Abstandgewirke by dispensing with a polyurethane sheath.

Advantageous and further embodiments may be the remaining set forth in the context of the present invention

Embodiments are taken that can be explicitly combined with the present embodiment.

Third Embodiment The objects according to the invention are achieved in a third embodiment by an apparatus for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, wherein the apparatus is formed such that the spacer knitted fabric has at least two fabric surfaces and at least one fabric surface itself comprises the outer layer of the fabric Device forms. In the context of this embodiment is an envelope of the spacer knitted fabric with another fabric not provided .

Advantageous and further embodiments can be taken from the other embodiments set forth in the context of the present invention, which can be expressly combined with the present embodiment.

Fourth embodiment

The objects of the invention are achieved in a fourth embodiment by an apparatus for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, wherein the spacer knitted fabric is composed of a fiber material selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic, especially homopolymeric polyacrylic (PAHN ), Polyamides such as polyamide 6 (Perlon), polyamide 66, etc. , optionally alkalized polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethers, polyimides and aramides, polyesteramides, polyetheresters, polydienes, polyetheresteramides, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, modacrylic, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylalcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane (eggastane), cellulose acetate, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, native materials, such as wool and cotton, and physical blends of said fiber materials. Particularly preferred fiber materials are polyacrylic, in particular homopolymeric polyacrylic (PANH), polyethers (PE) and alkalized polyesters. Advantageous and further embodiments can be taken from the other embodiments set forth in the context of the present invention, which can be expressly combined with the present embodiment.

Fifth embodiment

The objects of the invention are in a fifth embodiment by a device for the protection of Animals released from insects, which comprises a Abstandsgewirke, wherein the outside of the Abstandsgewirkes has a network structure and the hole size is less than 2.5 mm, preferably less than 2.4 mm, in particular less than 2.3 mm, more preferably less than 2, 2 mm, especially smaller than 2, 1 mm, further especially smaller 2 mm, is.

In a further embodiment of the fifth embodiment, which is particularly preferred, the spacer fabric according to the invention has a hole size in chain generally of at least 1, 0 + 0, 2 mm, preferably at least 1, 5 ± 0, 3 mm, particularly preferably at least 2, 0 ± 0, 3 mm, and in shot generally of at least 1, 2 + 0, 2 mm, preferably at least 1, 6 ± 0, 3 mm, on.

Embodiments that can be expressly combined with the present embodiment,

Sixth Embodiment The objects of the invention are achieved in a sixth embodiment by an insect protection device comprising a spacer fabric, the spacer fabric having at least two fabric surfaces and the spacer fabric spaced at least 3 mm between the outer fabric surfaces of the spacer fabric, preferably at least 3.5 mm, more preferably at least 4 mm, in particular at least 4.5 mm, especially at least 5 mm.

Embodiments are taken that can be explicitly combined with the present embodiment. Seventh Embodiment

The objects of the invention are achieved in a seventh embodiment by an apparatus for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, the spacer knitted fabric having monofilaments as spacer threads.

Eighth embodiment

The objects of the invention are achieved in an eighth embodiment by an apparatus for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, wherein the spacer knitted fabric is constructed from multifilaments. Advantageous and further embodiments may be the remaining set forth in the context of the present invention

Ninth embodiment The objects of the invention are achieved in a ninth embodiment by a device for protecting animals from insects, comprising a spacer knitted fabric having at least two outer fabric surfaces, wherein at least one of the two outer fabric surfaces same or different from the other patterned dense, unpatterned or small area is formed or provided with a velorisierbaren surface. Advantageous and further embodiments can be taken from the other embodiments set forth in the context of the present invention, which can be expressly combined with the present embodiment.

Tenth embodiment

The objects of the invention are achieved in a tenth embodiment by an apparatus for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, wherein the spacer knitted fabric comprises at least one insecticide. The spacer fabric according to the invention according to this embodiment has at least one insecticide. In the context of this invention, an insecticide is understood as meaning both natural and synthetic insecticides which have harmful, repellent or repellent effects on insects, in particular blood-sucking insects. In the context of the present invention, the term "insecticide" is therefore used more particularly to describe insecticides, repellant insecticides The natural insecticides include Pyrethrum (possibly in combination with the

Synergists piperonyl butoxide), rotenoids, alkaioids and coumarins also pure repellents such as ethers and oils (eg diethyltoluolamide, balsam, basil, bergamot, citronella, geranium, coconut, peppermint, castor, sage, tea tree oil, lavender oil, apple cider vinegar, eucalyptus oil, laurel oil , Lemon balm oil, clove oil, no-oil, parsley, thyme oil, cedar oil, cinnamon oil, lemon oil, wormwood leaves, various nut oils and many others), which have a deterrent effect on insects without being toxic.

Examples of synthetic insecticides include organophosphates, triazines, chloroacetanilides,

Phenoxycarboxylic acids, DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane, lindane, heptachlor, toxaphene, parathion, carbamates, such as Cαrbαryl, Cαrbofurαπ, propoxur and pyrethroids, such as, B, allethrin, d-allethrin, Cyfluthriπ, phenothrin, d-phenothhrine, Feπvαlerαt, resmethrin, Tetrαmethriπ, Cyhαlothriπ, Cypermethriπ, Deltαmethriπ and permethrin. In the context of the invention, in particular permethrin, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), dimethyl carbamate or 2-ethyl-l, 3-hexanediol, as well as Octansäurediethylamid, 2- (Octylthio) ethanol and Ethyl 3- (N-acetyl-N-butylamino) propionate is found to be particularly suitable, with permethrin being most preferred. Also, fragrance repellents, such as zedane, may be used.

Optionally, the binding of the insecticides or fragrances can be facilitated by the additional use of cyclodextrins. Furthermore, technologies using microcapsules and / or activated charcoal can also be used to facilitate binding of the insecticidal active ingredient and / or fragrance.

The amount of insecticide naturally depends on the nature of the insecticide used, the nature of the application process, and the nature of the fiber or textile spacer knit fabric. In the case of permethrin, it is preferably at least about 800 mg / m ² , more preferably at least about 1 000 mg / m ² , in each case based on the textile spacer knitted fabric. In particular, larger amounts of the insecticide, such as up to 1,600 mg / m ^2, can be introduced without difficulty, in particular via the polymer coating process.

The mission of the insecticide to the fiber according to the invention should be such that the comfort and the breathability of the device are not affected.

The insecticide is preferably applied by a padding method. In the padding process, the textile is regularly and continuously through a lying in the dipping trough, the insecticide or a fleet containing the insecticide-containing composition pulled and then pressed the excess solution by squeezing with rubber rollers into the tissue. The padding process can be carried out both with the fiber and with the textile spacer knitted fabric. The process can be carried out in particular as described in Section 27 of Utility Model DE 202005004056 U1. Particular preference is given to introducing a composition of the insecticide, in particular permethrin, which contains at least one organic solvent and at least one emulsifier, into an aqueous finishing liquor containing the fiber. In particular, the presence of the emulsifier leads to a more uniform distribution of the permethrin in the liquor and on the fiber. Emulsifiers are, in particular, anionic surfactants, such as fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, olefin / paraffin sulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, nonionic surfactants, such as fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol alkoxylates, Alkyl polyglucosides and cationic surfactants such as ammonium chlorides, amine oxides, amphoteric surfactants, amines and ethoxylated amines.

Particularly preferred emulsifiers are nonionic surfactants, such as fatty alcohol ethoxylates, more preferably C 12 -C 15 fatty alcohol ethoxylates.

After application of the insecticide by the padding process, particular preference is given to thermal fixing of the fiber (heat setting) at elevated temperature, for example above 100 ^° C., more preferably above 160 ^° C., in which it is used, in particular, to fix the fiber Insecticides on the fiber is coming. More preferably, the insecticide is applied by the so-called polymer coating method. In this case, the insecticide is in an at least one polymeric binder and optionally other ingredients such as solvents, Crosslinking agent, etc. containing composition. Subsequently, the binder-containing composition is applied by a suitable method to the fiber or the textile knitted fabric therefrom and the composition on the fiber or the textile

Spacer knit dried and / or cured, The polymer coating process has the advantage over a soaking process that the insecticide is embedded in a polymeric matrix, whereby the release of the insecticide over a longer period of time is possible and the insecticide is generally more stable against washing ( see, for example, Faulde, et al., J Med, Entomol., 40 (6): 935-941 (2003)). The nature of the matrix polymer allows the release kinetics of the insecticide to vary to some extent. Hydrophilic polymeric binders, such as e.g. Polyester polyols, polyacrylate polyols, polyetherester polyols, polyurethane polyols, which can be cured with, for example, polyisocyanates, are a preferred embodiment. The choice of polymeric binders also depends on the fiber used. The polymeric binder is preferably compatible with the fiber, i. the cured binder adheres to the fiber. Furthermore, the polymeric binder must not interact with the insecticide, which would lead to a loss of insecticidal activity,

In the above-mentioned polymer coating method, for example, in a so-called coating stroke, in a direct process such as knife coating, the coating containing the insecticide and the polymeric binder may be applied to the hydrophilized textile spacer fabric or the hydrophilized synthetic fiber A doctor blade application is also an indirect order on a roller possible, is advantageous with the polymer coating process, the one-sided order of the Insecticides on a textile Abstandsgewirke possible, which may be particularly beneficial if direct skin contact of the animals with the insecticide is not desirable because it may, for example, irritate sensitive skin. Advantageously, the insecticide is therefore applied only on one side of the textile spacer knitted fabric. Appropriately, it is the outer side of the fabric spacer knit body.

The insecticide used preferably combines both insecticidal and repellent functions. The repellent function prevents the insect from ever approaching the protective device according to the invention. A particularly preferred example of an insecticide combining both an insecticidal and insect repellent activity is the permethrin (3- (2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-carboxylic acid (3-phenoxyphenyl) ) methyl ester).

In particular, the use of polyesters and aliphatic polyamides allows a particularly uniform application of the insecticide to the textile fabric, especially when applied by padding. That is, when the application amount of the insecticide is measured at various locations for a given area of the fabric, the spread of the application amount of the insecticide determined by, for example, extraction is reduced particularly in comparison with aramid fibers.

Eleventh Embodiment

The inventive tasks are in an eleventh Embodiment solved by an apparatus for protection of animals from insects, which comprises a Abstandsgewirke, wherein the synthetic fibers used to produce the Abstandsgewirkes or the spacer knitted fabric itself was subjected to at least one hydrophilization treatment, which leads to a permanent hydrophilic finish of the synthetic fibers. The hydrophilization treatment of the synthetic fibers of the textile base can be carried out in a manner known per se. For this purpose, for example, an extraction method for synthetic fibers is known, as disclosed in US 5,855,623. In this method, the surface of the fiber is hydrophilized by grafting suitable monomers. With respect to suitable monomers, fibers and methods, reference may therefore be made to the said patent, the entire content of which relating thereto is incorporated by reference into the present invention. Furthermore, the hydrophilic finish of the synthetic fibers may also be as described in DE 20 2005 004056 U l, the entire contents of which are also incorporated by reference into the present invention.

It is particularly preferred if the hydrophilization treatment is based on a plasma technology, in which the fibers or the spacer knitted fabric in a chamber with a vacuum of 50 to 1 50 Pa at a rotational speed of generally 1 0 to 40 m / min under the action of Electrodes are connected, the electrodes being connected to a frequency converter and acting on a special gas (eg air, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.) so that a plasma gas results. The hydrophilization treatment on the one hand has the effect of accompanying an improvement in wearing comfort, in terms of moisture removal or drying rate be improved . On the other hand, if the fibers are provided with an insecticidal active ingredient, generally the hydrophilizing treatment will only result in sufficient quantities of the insecticide being able to be applied to the synthetic fiber. In particular, for use as a horse blanket, it has been found that the step of the hydrophilic finish of the synthetic fibers results in that moisture in the form of sweat or moisture can be dissipated up to four times faster compared to conventional horse blankets of cotton or blended fabrics. Thus, the drying ratio in the inventive device after rain is up to 1 0 times higher than cotton. This is particularly advantageous in the embodiment as a horse blanket, since the horse after sweaty ride the device of the invention can be easily suspended without the animal is helpless delivered his annoying tormentors, Such a drying-accelerating effect was particularly surprising and was not by the prior art Due to the hydrophilization of the spacer fabric, in particular also of the web, satisfactory results with respect to moisture transport and application of the insecticidal active ingredient can be achieved even with monofilaments, so that multifilaments are not necessarily necessary for the spacer fabric.

The hydrophilization treatment can be carried out both with the fiber and with the textile spacer knitted fabric,

After the hydrophilization step, the textile spacer fabric, z, B, is preferably provided with the insecticide as a broad product in a special process.

Advantageous and further embodiments may be the remaining set forth in the context of the present invention Ausführungseπ are taken, which can be explicitly combined with the present embodiment,

In the context of the present invention, the spacer fabrics which are preferably used can be partially or completely replaced by other textile spacer materials, such as fabrics, knitwear or nonwovens. In these textile spacer materials, the corresponding spacing can then be implemented in particular by design.

In contrast to the known net-like horse blankets, the textile devices according to the invention in the region of covering the animal cause a virtually 100% protection against insects, without sacrificing the wearing comfort of the net-like textile spacer knitted fabric.

The devices according to the invention (according to the individual embodiments) suitably comprise means for attaching the textile spacer knit to an animal. Such means are known per se and reference may be made, for example, to the initially mentioned DE 29609603 U1, to which reference is made in full .

The invention further relates to a method for producing the devices according to the invention, comprising the following steps:

Providing a textile spacer knitted fabric of synthetic fibers consisting of a fibrous material, preferably selected from the group consisting of: polyacrylic, in particular homopolymeric polyacrylic (PAHN), polyamides, such as polyamide 6 (perlon), polyamide 66 etc. , optionally alkalized polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethers, polyimides and aramides, polyester amides, polyether esters, polydienes,

Polyetheresteramides, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, Polypropylene, modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, Polyvinylαlkohol, Polytetrαfluorethylen, polyurethane (elastane), Celluioseacetat, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, or of native materials, such as wool and cotton, and physical mixtures of said fiber materials; preferably subjecting the textile spacer knitted fabric to at least one hydrophilizing treatment, preferably providing the textile knitted fabric with at least one insecticide, cutting the fabric spacer fabric thus obtained and optionally attaching means for attaching the textile spacer knit to an animal.

By the method according to the invention a permanent insect protection is guaranteed even after repeated washing of the device.

In addition, during the manufacturing process, a coloring of the knitted fabric can take place.

The process according to the invention preferably also uses at least one of the following further measures: carrying out the hydrophilization treatment of the synthetic or native fiber with a separation process, ie. H . by grafting hydrophilic monomers on the surface of the synthetic processes, such as after the Intera process

(US5855623) or the plasma method, wherein the plasma method is preferred (see above),

then applying the insecticide to the synthetic or native fiber or textile knitted fabric by a padding process, or applying the insecticide to the synthetic or native fiber or textile Abstandsgewirke by a Polymer Coαting Verfαhren,

Applying the insecticide on one side of the textile spacer knitted fabric,

Applying the insecticide or an insecticide-containing composition by means of doctor blade application, and / or

Applying the insecticide, an insecticide-containing composition or the repellents by roller application or spray application. The invention further relates to a textile spacer knitted fabric of synthetic or native fibers as starting material for the production of the devices according to the invention. The synthetic or native fibers consist of a fiber material selected from the group consisting of: polyacrylic, especially homopolymeric polyacrylic (PAHN) , Polyamides, such as polyamide 6 (perlon), polyamide 66, etc., optionally alkalized polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethers, polyimides and aramides, polyester amides, polyether esters, polydienes, polyetheresteramides, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene, Polyurethane (elastane), cellulose acetate, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, or of native materials such as WoNe and cotton, and physical mixtures of said fiber materials. Particular preferred fiber materials are polyethylene, polyacrylene (PAHN) and alkalized polyester. For further embodiments, reference is made above,

The invention also relates to the use of the textile spacer knitted fabric for the production of the device for protection against insects, in particular for the protection of animals, in particular for the production of a horse blanket or for the equipment of tents. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for protecting animals from insects, in particular blood-sucking insects such as fleas, mosquitoes, snappers, ticks and the like, which comprises the use of the devices according to the invention according to one of the illustrated embodiments, and in particular the covering of the animal surface with the inventive device includes.

The spacer fabrics according to the invention are subjected to the Tegewa drop test and the climbing test according to DIN 53924:

1 . Tegewa drop test:

Original = drop exposure time <I s

Aging = Place sample at 1 50 ° C in the oven for 2 h. Tr

Drop exposure time <4s

Wash = Textile at 60 ⁰ C in accordance with ISO 6330 type 2A, drying E (Trumbler) = exposure time drops <3 drops s Scrub = exposure time <3 s

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS:

1, use of a device for the protection of animals from insects, characterized in that the device comprises a spacer knitted fabric.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer fabric comprises a fiber selected from the group consisting of: polyacrylic, polyamides, optionally alkalized polyesters, polyethers, polyimides and aramides, polyesteramides, polyetheresters, polydienes, polyetheresteramides, polyacrylonitrile , Polyethylene, polypropylene, modacrylic,

Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane (elastane), cellulose acetate, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, native materials such as wool and cotton, and physical blends of said fiber materials,

3, use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer knitted fabric has at least two commodity areas and the distance of the outer two commodity areas is at least 3 mm.

4. Use according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer side of the spacer knitted fabric has a network structure, wherein the hole size is smaller than 2, 5 mm.

5, an insect protection device comprising a spacer fabric, wherein the spacer fabric is constructed of a fibrous material selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic, polyamides, optionally alkalized polyesters, polyethers, polyimides and aramides, polyesteramides, polyetheresters . Polydienes, Polyetheresterαmiden, Polyαcrylnitril, polyethylene, polypropylene, modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, Polyvinylαlkohol, Polytetrαfluorethylen, polyurethane (elastane), cellulose acetate, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, native materials such as wool and cotton, and physical

Mixtures of said fiber materials, ό. An insect protection device comprising a spacer fabric, wherein the spacer fabric is not covered with a polyurethane coated fabric,

7, an apparatus for protecting animals from insects, comprising a spacer knit, the apparatus being formed such that the knitted fabric comprises at least two fabric surfaces and at least one fabric surface itself forms the outer layer of the apparatus, 8, device for protecting animals from insects comprising a spacer fabric, wherein the spacer fabric has a hole size smaller than 2.5 mm,

9, device for protecting animals against insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, wherein the spacer knitted fabric a distance between the outer fabric surfaces of the

Distance knitted fabric of at least 3 mm,

1 0, An apparatus for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, the spacer knitted fabric having monofilaments as spacer threads.

1 1, device for protecting animals from insects, which comprises a spacer knitted fabric, wherein the spacer knitted fabric is constructed from multifilaments,

1 2, device for the protection of animals from insects, which

Spacer knitted fabric having at least two outer goods surfaces, wherein at least one of the two outer Trademark same or different from the other dense, unpatterned or small patterned design or is provided with a velorisierbaren surface.

1 3, an insect protection device comprising a spacer knitted fabric, the spacer knitted fabric comprising at least one insecticide,

1 4, Device according to one of claims 6 to 1 3, characterized in that the spacer knitted fabric is composed of synthetic fibers which are selected from the group consisting of: polyacrylic, polyamides, optionally alkalized polyesters, polyethers, polyimides and aramids, Polyester amides, polyether esters, polydienes, polyetheresteramides, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, modacrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane (elastane), cellulose acetate,

Viscose, copolymers of said polymers, native materials such as wool and cotton, and physical blends of said fiber materials,

1 5, Device according to one of claims 5 to 1 4, wherein the synthetic fibers or the spacer knitted fabric of a

Subjected to hydrophilization treatment,

A device according to claim 1-5, wherein the hydrophilizing treatment is carried out by a pullout method or a plasma method, Fig. 7, Apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 12 and 1-4 to 1 6, wherein the textile spacer fabric comprises at least one insecticide.

1 8, the device of claim 1 3 or 1 7, wherein the insecticide is applied by a spray application,

1 9, Apparatus according to claim 1 3 or 1 7, wherein the insecticide is applied by a Foulαrd Verfαhreπ. A device according to claim 1 3 or 1 7, wherein the insecticide is applied by the polymer coating method. A device according to claim 1 3 or 1 7 to 20, wherein the insecticide is applied to one side of the textile spacer knit. A device according to any of claims 1-3 or 1-7-21, wherein the insecticide is a repellent. The device of any one of claims 1-3 or 1-7-22, wherein the insecticide contains permethrin. The device of any one of claims 5 to 23, wherein the spacer fabric is partially or completely filled by other spacing textile materials, such as woven, knit or nonwoven fabrics where the distance can be implemented by design, is replaced. A device according to any one of claims 5 to 24, comprising means for attaching the textile spacer knit to an animal, The device according to any one of claims 5 to 25, wherein the animal is a horse, use of a device according to any one of claims 5 to 26 to protect animals from insects. , A method of manufacturing a device according to any one of claims 1 to 27, comprising the following steps:

- providing a textile spacer knit of synthetic fibers consisting of a fibrous material, preferably selected from the group consisting of; Polyacrylic, polyamides, optionally alkalized polyesters, polyethers, polyimides and aramides, polyesteramides, Polyether esters, polydienes, polyetherester αmiden, Polyαcrylπitril, polyethylene, polypropylene, Modαcryl, polyvinyl chloride, Polyvinylαlkohol, Polytetrαfluorethylen, polyurethane (elastane), cellulose acetate, viscose, copolymers of said polymers, native materials such as wool and cotton, and physical mixtures of said fiber materials; preferably subjecting the textile spacing knitted fabric to at least one hydrophilizing treatment,

preferably providing the textile spacer knitted fabric with at least one insecticide,

Cropping the fabric spacer fabric thus obtained and optionally attaching means for attachment of the textile spacer knit fabric to an animal.

29. The method of claim 28 including at least one of the following measures:

Carrying out the hydrophilization treatment of the synthetic fiber with a separation process by grafting and / or polymerizing hydrophilic

Monomers on the surface of the synthetic process,

subsequently applying the insecticide to the synthetic fiber or textile knitted fabric by a padding process, or applying the insecticide to the synthetic fiber or the knitted textile fabric by a polymer coating process,

Applying the insecticide to one side of the textile spacer knit, applying the insecticide or applying the insecticide composition containing by means of doctor blade, and / or

Applying the insecticide or an insecticide-containing composition by roller application or spray application.