EP2041415B1 - Method for increasing the resolution of output signals from at least one measuring sensor on an internal combustion engine and corresponding controller - Google Patents
Method for increasing the resolution of output signals from at least one measuring sensor on an internal combustion engine and corresponding controller Download PDFInfo
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- EP2041415B1 EP2041415B1 EP07765572A EP07765572A EP2041415B1 EP 2041415 B1 EP2041415 B1 EP 2041415B1 EP 07765572 A EP07765572 A EP 07765572A EP 07765572 A EP07765572 A EP 07765572A EP 2041415 B1 EP2041415 B1 EP 2041415B1
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- sensor
- measuring
- level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
- F02D41/2474—Characteristics of sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/28—Interface circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/28—Interface circuits
- F02D2041/281—Interface circuits between sensors and control unit
- F02D2041/285—Interface circuits between sensors and control unit the sensor having a signal processing unit external to the engine control unit
Definitions
- cylinder pressure sensors provide valuable data on combustion in internal combustion engines. From their respective pressure curve, it is possible to determine, for example, the amount of energy converted over time and the focal point of combustion of an internal combustion engine. Also for circular process calculations of the combustion process of the respective internal combustion engine, the cylinder pressure forms a central input variable in addition to the crankshaft angle of the internal combustion engine. For example, in 4-stroke engines, the combustion / cycle process is divided into high and low pressure loops. This schematically illustrates the pV (pressure / volume) diagram of FIG. 2 , There the high pressure loop with AS and the low pressure loop with LWS are designated.
- the high-pressure loop AS is composed of a working curve K1 for the expansion or combustion phase of the cycle and a partial curve K2, which represents the compression phase of the cycle.
- the sub-curve K3 of the low-pressure loop LWS represents the ejection phase of the cycle.
- the partial curve K4 of the low-pressure loop LWS describes the behavior of the 4-stroke internal combustion engine during its intake stroke.
- the high pressure loop AS and the low pressure loop LWS differ from each other substantially in the pressure level. While the low-pressure loop LWS is in a pressure range of about 1 bar, the high-pressure loop AS can in extreme cases go up to three-digit numerical values for the pressure p. This is exactly where a metrological problem lies.
- pressure sensors provide a physical quantity, that is, an electrical signal proportional to the pressure.
- This electrical signal is converted by an electronics (in particular a measuring transducer) into a voltage signal and possibly strengthened.
- the voltage signal output by the pressure sensor is then within a typical sensor output voltage range, eg between 0 and 5 volts.
- This voltage signal is fed from the pressure sensor to the engine control unit where it is processed by an A / D converter (analog-to-digital converter) in accordance with processor requirements.
- a / D converter analog-to-digital converter
- processor requirements typically, 8, 10 or 12 bit converters are used depending on the accuracy requirement. Higher-resolution converters are hardly used for EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) reasons in automotive technology.
- the respective pressure sensor is expediently designed for a pressure range which can occur maximally in the respective cylinder of the internal combustion engine, low pressure values can only be roughly reproduced, although a higher resolution could be provided by the sensor element of the pressure sensor.
- the sensor element of the pressure sensor has a physically smallest resolution of, for example, about 1 mV. This means that the output signals of the pressure sensor can only be detected or registered from 19 mV due to the small number of measuring points during A / D conversion.
- the underlying measuring range of 0 to 18 mV of the pressure sensor - which theoretically corresponds to 19 measured values of the sensor element of the pressure sensor - remains unused despite higher resolution of the sensor element and can not be detected. In other words, this is accompanied by too low a resolution for the output signal of the cylinder pressure sensor.
- a trivial way to improve the A / D conversion would be to use a 10-bit converter instead of an 8-bit converter, that is to say, in general terms, to use an A / D converter with more bits of conversion.
- these measures are in the automotive industry - as already described above - specified clear limits of use.
- Another possibility would be to split the total measuring range into, for example, a low-pressure range and a high-pressure range.
- the output voltage of the pressure sensor between 0 and 5 volts could be assigned a first measuring range between 0 and 2 bar and a second measuring range between 2 and 100 bar for the pressure in the respective cylinder. Which measuring range is currently active, would then have to be communicated to the pressure sensor by a control signal from the engine control unit or the engine control unit.
- the pressure sensor could also automatically switch between its different measuring ranges and notify the respectively activated measuring range of the engine control by means of an extra control line.
- this would be too expensive under some practical conditions of engine technology with regard to the signaling effort between the internal combustion engine and the engine control or the control unit. If necessary, such resolution or accuracy problems also apply to other measuring sensors which are provided for the combustion process of an internal combustion engine.
- the invention has for its object to show a way how can be used in an easy way improved in itself high resolution of the sensor element of a measuring sensor despite insufficient A / D conversion of its output signal. This object is achieved by the steps of the following method according to the invention:
- a method of increasing the resolution of output signals of at least one measurement sensor for an internal combustion engine by subdividing the operating level range of the measurement sensor within which the level values of its sensor raw signal lie into at least two measurement range segments by providing the same predetermined output range range of the output signal of the measurement sensor to each measurement range portion is assigned, and where the changeover from one to the other measuring range section deviates from the prior art in EP 0494423, is carried out independently by the measuring sensor, if a measuring range limit between two adjacent measuring range sections is reached or exceeded or exceeded, by means of a motor control of the operating point of the internal combustion engine due to at least one Operating parameters for the combustion process is determined by the temporal course of Sensorrohsignals the sensor is predicted from at least one map information for the currently determined operating point, and is determined by the engine control based on this predicted temporal Sensorrohsignalverlaufs which Meß Coloursabêt the measuring sensor is currently activated.
- the invention also relates to a control unit having at least one calculation unit which carries out steps according to one of the preceding claims for increasing the resolution of output signals of at least one measuring sensor for an internal combustion engine.
- FIGS. 1 with 3 each provided with the same reference numerals.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation advantageous control steps of the calculation unit CU of an engine control unit ECU for an internal combustion engine CE to the cylinder pressure signal of a cylinder pressure sensor DS according to the principle of the invention with improved resolution, ie to be able to capture more accurate.
- the cylinder pressure sensor DS is seated in particular on the cylinder head of a cylinder CY of the internal combustion engine CE. It has a sensor element SE, which serves to detect the internal pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder CY. It is preferably designed as an analog component and generates in step S7 a sensor raw signal ZS, which is representative of the prevailing pressure in the interior of the cylinder CY during the cyclic combustion cycle of the internal combustion engine CE.
- the evaluation / logic unit LE of the cylinder pressure sensor DS divides the sensor raw signal ZS in the process step S8 to increase its resolution for a subsequent A / D conversion into at least two measuring range sections.
- the evaluation / logic unit LE predetermines three measuring range sections A, B, C.
- This measuring range distribution for the sensor raw signal ZS is used to scale its level to a reduced or limited level range, ie a level limit is set.
- the sensor element SE of the cylinder pressure sensor DS generates an electrical voltage signal as the sensor raw signal ZS whose voltage level range for each measuring range section A, B, C is limited, for example, to voltage values between 0 and 5 volts.
- the cylinder pressure sensor DS thus provides an internal pressure of the cylinder CY associated, in particular in substantially proportional, electrical signal as Sensorrohsignal ZS, which is converted by the evaluation / logic unit LE, in particular a transmitter such as a transducer into a voltage signal SV and thereby possibly amplified.
- This voltage signal SV is scaled by dividing it into the different measuring range sections such as A, B, C, ie its original dynamic range is limited to a fixed voltage level range.
- Each measuring range section A, B, C is assigned a characteristic scaling factor or "offset" relative to a reference value, such as 0 V, by means of which it can be transferred to the predetermined limited level range.
- a modified output sensor signal 'BSV is available in step S9, which has been mapped to the same output voltage level range, in this case between 0V and 5V, for the various predetermined measuring range sections A, B, C.
- step S9 an exemplary time profile of the output voltage U of the modified sensor output signal BSV as a function of time t is mapped.
- Each range section A, B, C is assigned the same output voltage level range between 0 and 5 V (volts).
- the sensor output signal SS in the actual path IP of the cylinder pressure sensor DS to a level dynamic range, which is reduced compared to that of the original Sensorrohsignals ZS.
- This sensor output signal SS is transmitted to the engine control unit ECU via a measuring line SL. There it is digitized with the aid of an A / D converter ADC.
- an A / D converter an 8-bit converter is preferably used in the exemplary embodiment here.
- a corresponding measuring range section division can be made if the evaluation / logic unit LE instead of an electrical voltage alternatively outputs an electric current as a measure of the measured from the sensor element SE internal pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder CY.
- the engine control unit ECU In order for the engine control unit ECU to be able to reconstruct the actual time profile of the sensor raw signal ZS and thus of the actual pressure in the cylinder CY during its combustion cycle from the time profile of the received, level-limited sensor output signal SS, the engine control unit ECU will calculate an expected chronological cylinder pressure curve EPD in the nominal value. Path SP estimated. For this purpose, the momentary operating point BP of its combustion cycle is determined for the cylinder CY. This is in the FIG. 1 performed in the process step S3. For this purpose, the engine control unit ECU uses one or more different operating parameters of the internal combustion engine CE. In particular, the speed N of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine CE and the adjusting angle TPS of the throttle valve determine the current operating point BP for the cyclical combustion process.
- Further expedient operating parameters of the internal combustion engine CE for determining the current operating point BP for the cylinder CY can be, in particular, one or more parameters of the following parameters which characteristically influence the combustion process of the cylinder CY: ignition angle position IGA, intake camshaft position CAM_IN, exhaust camshaft position CAM_EX, intake manifold pressure MAP, air mass MAF in the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine CE, indicated engine torque TQI, injection time TI, starting time of the respective injection SOI, coolant temperature TCO, intake air temperature TIA, lambda value LAM, exhaust back pressure P_EX, valve lift, Valve opening duration, profile of the respective valve opening of the respective valve on the cylinder CY.
- the map information KI contains maps for a plurality of different operating points, which preferably indicate a pressure curve as a function of the respective crankshaft speed N and the respective throttle angle TPS as a function of the crankshaft angle.
- the crankshaft angle can be mapped to the time course t of the pressure p in the cylinder CY.
- EPD estimated pressure curve
- the predicted or estimated cylinder pressure signal EPD is subdivided by thresholds G1, G2 into the same level measuring ranges A *, B *, C * as independently of this, ie independently by the evaluation / logic unit LE of the cylinder pressure sensor DS with respect to the measuring range sections A. , B, C is performed.
- different level thresholds G1, G2 are set for the predicted pressure profile EPD in such a way that the three level ranges A *, B *, C * are separated from one another by them are formed separately. This is in step S5 of FIG. 1 carried out.
- the point of intersection between the respective threshold and the predicted pressure curve EPD for the estimated internal pressure p now specifies a time span which uniquely indicates the presence of a specific measuring range section A, B, C in the logic / evaluation unit LE of the cylinder pressure sensor DS.
- This time period t0 to tB1 marks the presence of the first measuring range section A on the sensor side.
- the level values of the rising branch of the predicted pressure profile EPD in the level range section or in the level measuring zone B * are uniquely assigned the time interval between the times tB1 and tC1 as the validity period.
- the time tC1 marks the point of intersection of the second, higher threshold G2 with the estimated pressure curve EPD.
- the beginning of the scaling range C * is thus assigned to the time tC1.
- the level range portion C * finally ends at time tC1 *, at which the upper threshold G2 intersects the descending edge of the estimated pressure waveform signal EPD.
- the time interval between the times tC1 and tC1 * indicates the presence of the third measuring range portion C on the sensor side.
- This assignment between the scaling zones A *, B *, C * and the periods of their validity periods applies correspondingly to the descending edge of the predicted cylinder pressure signal EPD.
- the time tC1 * determines the beginning of the second scaling zone B *.
- the time tB1 * characterizes the change from the scaling zone B * to the scaling zone A *.
- the scaling zone A * represents the lowest level values p of the predicted pressure curve EPD between 0 and 3 bar.
- the second scaling zone B * characterizes mean level values p of the precised pressure curve EPD between 3 and 20 bar.
- the third scaling zone C * stands for the highest level values p of the predicted cylinder pressure curve EPD above 20 bar.
- the time interval between time t0 and time tB1 is assigned to scaling zone A.
- the scaling factor in particular "offset" of this level zone A is applied.
- the time period between times tB1 and tC1 sets the period of validity, ie the presence of voltage level values in the level-reduced sensor output signal SS, which have been modified with the scaling factor of the second scaling zone B.
- the scaling carried out can be calculated out in a corresponding manner, ie the level values p * of the original raw sensor signal ZS can be recovered by adding the offset of the measuring range section B, which has this with respect to the first measuring range section A, to the voltage values U of the output signal SS.
- These recovered voltage level values correspond to internal pressure level values p * in the cylinder CY.
- the time interval between the times tC1 and tC1 * finally defines the validity period for the scaling zone C.
- a recovery of the voltage values U of the sensor output signal SS output during this period is then enabled by inversion of the scaling factor C for the scaling zone C, so that the actual pressure values p * can be recovered from the transmitted output signal values of the level-limited output signal SS.
- the "offset" of the third measuring range section C which has this with respect to the first measuring range section A, is added to the voltage values U of the output signal SS.
- step S6 If it is determined in step S6 that the starting time or the end time of the respective scaling zone A, B, C of the output sensor signal SS deviate from those of the level range sections A *, B *, C * of the predicted expected pressure curve EPD, ie their validity periods are different from one another, then This information can be used to adapt the map information KI. This is in the FIG. 1 performed in step S11. For example, the beginning of the Scaling zone B of the level-limited output signal SS at time tB1 ** different from the estimated beginning tB1 of the scaling zone B * of the predicted pressure curve EPD.
- step S11 a deviation between the starting time tC1 ** for the third measuring range section C at the measured, level-limited sensor output signal SS and the estimated starting time tC1 at the predicted pressure curve EPD can result.
- This difference or deviation information is then used in step S11 to correct the map information KI in order to determine an associated expected pressure curve largely error-corrected for the next operating point determination.
- the FIG. 3 shows in an enlarged view the voltage level curve U of the output signal SS in dependence on the crankshaft angle KW. This corresponds to the time t.
- a level limiting range ASB is specified between 0 and 5 volts.
- the original sensor raw signal ZS in the logic / evaluation unit LE is divided into the different measuring range sections A, B, C and deducted from its level values each have a specific "offset" which transfers each measuring range section A, B, C to the desired level limiting range ASB Service.
- the level curve of the level-limited output signal SS as a function of the crankshaft angle KW, the thus reconstructed pressure curve PD in a pressure / crankshaft angle (P * / KW) - associated diagram.
- the expected cylinder pressure curve for the respective current operating point without map information.
- it may be expedient, for example, to use the expected temporal pressure curve on the basis of polytropic compression or expansion, with px V n constant, where n is a so-called polytropic exponent to calculate. This is especially in the earlier patent application DE 10 2005 009 104.0 a favorable calculation method specified.
- the sensor measuring range of the cylinder pressure sensor is divided into at least two suitable individual ranges, such as, for example, a high-pressure range and a low-pressure range. Switching from one measuring range to another takes place in the cylinder pressure sensor itself whenever a measuring range limit is reached, exceeded or fallen short of. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 For example, a measuring range switchover from the scaling zone A to the scaling zone B takes place at 3 bar. The change from the scaling zone B to the scaling zone C is triggered by exceeding a threshold at 20 bar.
- a level value of 0.2 bar can be provided as hysteresis or tolerance level. This means based on the above example that switching from the smallest measuring range A to the next higher measuring range B at about 3.2 bar, the switching back from the middle, second measuring range B to the smallest, first measuring range A with falling signal level of the output signal SS but only at 2.8 bar.
- the individual measuring ranges and their respective amplification factors and / or offsets are preferably stored in the engine control unit (ECU) in a nonvolatile memory. Which measuring range is currently active, decides the engine control in an advantageous manner due to a certain pressure curve maintenance position. Depending on the engine operating point, which is given for example by the current speed of the crankshaft of the engine and the acting load, in particular the position of the throttle in the intake manifold of the engine, and / or other operating parameters such as injection timing, ignition angle, engine operating temperature, etc. results typical cylinder pressure curve.
- This pressure profile is stored in the engine control, for example, as a map over the crankshaft angle.
- px V n constant, where n is a polytropic exponent.
- the engine control selects the respective measuring range according to its expectation, receives information on offset and / or amplification in the case of a linear signal course and can assign a level-limited pressure value to the respective sensor value which is output by the cylinder pressure sensor.
- a sensor value for example, a voltage, an electric current, etc.
- the 720 ° crankshaft angles are subdivided into 2 ⁇ 360 ° crankshaft angles.
- the low-pressure region is the first 360 ° crankshaft angle range and the high pressure region associated with the second 360 ° crankshaft angle range.
- the corresponding measuring range is then selected.
- the method can be advantageously extended to other sensor signals than cylinder pressure signals, if there is a sufficiently predictable waveform.
- the procedure according to the invention for increasing the resolution of the sensor signals advantageously results in a significantly more effective use and increase in the accuracy of the sensor analog signal.
- the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution are significantly improved, so that it is only possible thereby to detect even physically small measuring ranges exactly or even at first.
- the method according to the invention represents a cost-effective solution, since it is not necessary to transfer information between the sensor and the engine control unit, whereby no additional signal generation or transmission is required. All necessary information is already available in the engine management system.
- the method is particularly advantageous if the sensor signal is used to control the combustion process.
- CAI controlled auto ignition
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Abstract
Description
Beispielsweise liefern Zylinderdrucksensoren wertvolle Daten über die Verbrennung in Brennkraftmaschinen. Aus ihrem jeweiligen Druckverlauf können z.B. die zeitlich umgesetzte Energiemenge sowie der Verbrennungsschwerpunkt eines Verbrennungsmotors bestimmt werden. Auch für Kreisprozessrechnungen des Verbrennungsprozesses des jeweiligen Verbrennungsmotors bildet der Zylinderdruck neben dem Kurbelwellenwinkel des Verbrennungsmotors eine zentrale Eingangsgröße. Zum Beispiel bei 4-Takt Brennkraftmaschinen unterteilt sich der Verbrennungs-/Kreisprozess in eine Hoch-/und eine Niederdruckschleife. Dies veranschaulicht schematisch das p-V(Druck/Volumen) Diagramm von
Eine triviale Möglichkeit, die A/D-Wandlung zu verbessern, wäre, anstelle eines 8 Bit Wandlers einen 10 Bit Wandler einzusetzen, d.h. allgemein ausgedrückt einen A/D-Wandler mit mehr Bit Umsetzung zu verwenden. Diesen Maßnahmen sind jedoch in der Automobiltechnik - wie weiter oben bereits beschrieben - klare Einsatzgrenzen vorgegeben. Eine andere Möglichkeit bestände darin, den Gesamtmessbereich z.B. in einen Niederdruck- und einen Hochdruckbereich aufzuspalten. Beispielsweise könnte der Ausgangsspannung des Drucksensors zwischen 0 und 5 Volt ein erster Messbereich zwischen 0 und 2 bar sowie ein zweiter Messbereich zwischen 2 und 100 bar für den Druck im jeweiligen Zylinder zugeordnet werden. Welcher Messbereich gerade aktiv ist, müsste dann dem Drucksensor durch ein Steuersignal aus der Motorsteuerung bzw. dem Motorsteuergerät mitgeteilt werden. Alternativ dazu könnte der Drucksensor auch selbstständig zwischen seinen verschiedenen Messbereichen umschalten und den jeweils aktivierten Messbereich der Motorsteuerung mittels einer extra Steuerleitung mitteilen. Dies wäre jedoch unter manchen praktischen Gegebenheiten der Motorentechnik hinsichtlich des Signalisierungsaufwands zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor und der Motorsteuerung bzw. dem Steuergerät zu aufwendig. Solche Auflösungs- bzw. Genauigkeitsprobleme treffen ggf. auch für andere Messsensoren zu, die für den Verbrennungsprozess eines Verbrennungsmotors vorgesehen sind.A trivial way to improve the A / D conversion would be to use a 10-bit converter instead of an 8-bit converter, that is to say, in general terms, to use an A / D converter with more bits of conversion. However, these measures are in the automotive industry - as already described above - specified clear limits of use. Another possibility would be to split the total measuring range into, for example, a low-pressure range and a high-pressure range. For example, the output voltage of the pressure sensor between 0 and 5 volts could be assigned a first measuring range between 0 and 2 bar and a second measuring range between 2 and 100 bar for the pressure in the respective cylinder. Which measuring range is currently active, would then have to be communicated to the pressure sensor by a control signal from the engine control unit or the engine control unit. Alternatively, the pressure sensor could also automatically switch between its different measuring ranges and notify the respectively activated measuring range of the engine control by means of an extra control line. However, this would be too expensive under some practical conditions of engine technology with regard to the signaling effort between the internal combustion engine and the engine control or the control unit. If necessary, such resolution or accuracy problems also apply to other measuring sensors which are provided for the combustion process of an internal combustion engine.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Weg aufzuzeigen, wie die an für sich hohe Auflösung des Sensorelements eines Messsensors trotz unzureichender A/D-Wandlung seines Ausgangssignals in einfacher Weise verbessert genutzt werden kann. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Schritte folgenden erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gelöst:The invention has for its object to show a way how can be used in an easy way improved in itself high resolution of the sensor element of a measuring sensor despite insufficient A / D conversion of its output signal. This object is achieved by the steps of the following method according to the invention:
Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Auflösung von Ausgangssignalen mindestens eines Messsensors für einen Verbrennungsmotor, indem der Arbeitspegelbereich des Messsensors, innerhalb dem die Pegelwerte dessen Sensorrohsignals liegen, in mindestens zwei Messbereichsabschnitte unterteilt wird, indem jedem Messbereichsabschnitt derselbe vorgegebene, gegenüber dem Arbeitspegelbereich begrenzte Ausgangspegelbereich des Ausgangssignals des Messsensors zugeordnet wird, und wobei die Umschaltung von einem zum anderen Messbereichsabschnitt abweichend vom Stand der Technik in EP 0494423, selbstständig vom Messsensor durchgeführt wird, wenn eine Messbereichsgrenze zwischen je zwei benachbarten Messbereichsabschnitten erreicht oder über- oder unterschritten wird, indem mittels einer Motorsteuerung der Betriebspunkt des Verbrennungsmotors aufgrund von mindestens einem Betriebsparameter für dessen Verbrennungsprozess ermittelt wird, indem aus mindestens einer Kennfeldinformation für den aktuell ermittelten Betriebspunkt der zeitliche Verlauf des Sensorrohsignals des Messsensors prädiziert wird, und indem von der Motorsteuerung aufgrund dieses prädizierten zeitlichen Sensorrohsignalverlaufs ermittelt wird, welcher Messbereichsabschnitt des Messsensors aktuell aktiviert ist.A method of increasing the resolution of output signals of at least one measurement sensor for an internal combustion engine by subdividing the operating level range of the measurement sensor within which the level values of its sensor raw signal lie into at least two measurement range segments by providing the same predetermined output range range of the output signal of the measurement sensor to each measurement range portion is assigned, and where the changeover from one to the other measuring range section deviates from the prior art in EP 0494423, is carried out independently by the measuring sensor, if a measuring range limit between two adjacent measuring range sections is reached or exceeded or exceeded, by means of a motor control of the operating point of the internal combustion engine due to at least one Operating parameters for the combustion process is determined by the temporal course of Sensorrohsignals the sensor is predicted from at least one map information for the currently determined operating point, and is determined by the engine control based on this predicted temporal Sensorrohsignalverlaufs which Meßbereichsabschnitt the measuring sensor is currently activated.
Dadurch können aufwendige Steuerleitungen zwischen dem Steuergerät und dem jeweiligen Messsensor entfallen, die ansonsten für die Mitteilung von Informationen über die Umschaltung zwischen den verschiedenen Messbereichsabschnitten erforderlich wären. Es ist somit nicht notwendig, dass Messbereichsabschnitts- Informationen zwischen dem Messsensor und dem Steuergerät übertragen werden. Somit ist keine zusätzliche Signalgenerierung oder - Übertragung über zusätzliche Signalleitungen notwendig. Dies macht die Ermittlung des tatsächlichen Sensorrohsignalverlaufs einfach und effizient, was insbesondere bei der Auswertung von Zylinderdrucksignalen vorteilhaft ist. Weiterhin wird gegenüber dem Fall ohne Messbereichsaufteilung in vorteilhafter Weise nun die Auflösung, mit der das Ausgangssignal des Messsensors erfasst und verarbeitet, sowie damit einhergehend die Signalgenauigkeit gesteigert werden kann, soweit erhöht, dass insbesondere im wesentlichen die Signalgenauigkeit erreicht wird wie im Fall mit ein oder mehreren zusätzlichen Signalisierungsleitungen zwischen dem Steuergerät und dem Messsensor.As a result, expensive control lines between the control unit and the respective measuring sensor can be omitted, which would otherwise be required for the communication of information about the switching between the different measuring range sections. Thus, it is not necessary that range-of-section information be transferred between the measurement sensor and the controller. Thus, no additional signal generation or transmission via additional signal lines is necessary. This makes the determination of the actual Sensorrohsignalverlaufs simple and efficient, which is particularly advantageous in the evaluation of cylinder pressure signals. Furthermore, the resolution with which the output signal of the measuring sensor is detected and processed, and thus the signal accuracy can be increased, increased to the extent that in particular substantially the signal accuracy is achieved as in the case with or without several additional signaling lines between the controller and the measuring sensor.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Steuergerät mit mindestens einer Berechnungseinheit, die zur Erhöhung der Auflösung von Ausgangssignalen mindestens eines Messsensors für einen Verbrennungsmotor Schritte nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ausführt.The invention also relates to a control unit having at least one calculation unit which carries out steps according to one of the preceding claims for increasing the resolution of output signals of at least one measuring sensor for an internal combustion engine.
Sonstige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen wiedergegeben.Other developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung und ihre Weiterbildungen werden nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention and its developments are explained in more detail with reference to drawings.
Es zeigen:
Figur 1- in schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Erhöhung der Auflösung, mit der der tatsächliche Zylinderdruckverlauf in einem Zylinder eines Verbrennungsmotors mittels eines Zylinderdrucksensors erfasst werden kann,
Figur 2- in schematischer Darstellung beispielhaft ein p-V-Diagramm für den Kreisprozess eines 4-Takt- Verbrennungsmotors, und
- Figur 3
- in schematischer Darstellung einen pegelbegrenzten Signalverlauf des Ausgangssignals des Zylinderdrucksensors von
zusammen mit dem nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel vonFigur 1 ermittelten, d.h. rekonstruierten Zylinderdruckverlauf in Abhängigkeit vom Kurbelwellenwinkel des Verbrennungsmotors.Figur 1
- FIG. 1
- a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for increasing the resolution with which the actual cylinder pressure profile in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine can be detected by means of a cylinder pressure sensor,
- FIG. 2
- a schematic representation of a pV diagram for the cycle of a 4-stroke internal combustion engine, and
- FIG. 3
- a schematic representation of a level-limited waveform of the output signal of the cylinder pressure sensor of
FIG. 1 together with the according to the embodiment ofFIG. 1 determined, ie reconstructed cylinder pressure curve as a function of the crankshaft angle of the engine.
Elemente mit gleicher Funktion und Wirkungsweise sind in den
Die
Die Auswerte-/ Logikeinheit LE des Zylinderdrucksensors DS unterteilt das Sensorrohsignal ZS im Prozessschritt S8 zur Erhöhung dessen Auflösung für eine nachfolgende A/D- Wandlung in mindestens zwei Messbereichsabschnitte. Hier im Ausführungsbeispiel von
Dieses Sensorausgangssignal SS wird über eine Messleitung SL an das Motorsteuergerät ECU übertragen. Dort wird es mit Hilfe eines A/D-Wandlers ADC digitalisiert. Als A/D-Wandler wird hier im Ausführungsbeispiel vorzugsweise ein 8 Bit Wandler verwendet.This sensor output signal SS is transmitted to the engine control unit ECU via a measuring line SL. There it is digitized with the aid of an A / D converter ADC. As an A / D converter, an 8-bit converter is preferably used in the exemplary embodiment here.
In analoger Weise kann eine entsprechende Messbereichsabschnittsaufteilung vorgenommen werden, wenn die Auswerte-/Logikeinheit LE anstelle einer elektrischen Spannung alternativ dazu einen elektrischen Strom als Maß für den vom Sensorelement SE gemessenen Innendruck im Brennraum des Zylinders CY ausgibt.In an analogous manner, a corresponding measuring range section division can be made if the evaluation / logic unit LE instead of an electrical voltage alternatively outputs an electric current as a measure of the measured from the sensor element SE internal pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder CY.
Damit nun das Motorsteuergerät ECU aus dem zeitlichen Verlauf des empfangenen, pegelbegrenzten Sensorausgangssignals SS den tatsächlichen zeitlichen Verlauf des Sensorrohsignals ZS und damit des tatsächlichen Drucks im Zylinder CY während dessen Verbrennungs-Kreisprozesses rekonstruieren kann, wird vom Motorsteuergerät ECU ein erwarteter zeitlicher Zylinderdruckverlauf EPD im Soll-Pfad SP geschätzt. Dazu wird für den Zylinder CY der momentane Betriebspunkt BP seines Verbrennungs-Kreisprozesses bestimmt. Dies wird in der
Diese Betriebsparameter stehen im Ausführungsbeispiel von
Mit Hilfe des aktuell ermittelten Betriebspunkts BP des Verbrennungsmotors CE wird nun im Steuerschritt S4 auf der Basis einer abgespeicherten Kennfeldinformation KI der zeitliche Druckverlauf im jeweiligen Zylinder CY prädiziert. Die Kennfeldinformation KI enthält für eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Betriebspunkten Kennfelder, die vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Kurbelwellendrehzahl N und dem jeweiligen Drosselklappenwinkel TPS einen Druckverlauf in Abhängigkeit vom Kurbelwellenwinkel angeben. Dabei lässt sich der Kurbelwellenwinkel auf den zeitlichen Verlauf t des Drucks p im Zylinder CY abbilden. Es ergibt sich somit für den aktuell bestimmten Betriebspunkt BP ein geschätzter Druckverlauf EPD, der den funktionalen Zusammenhang zwischen den Pegelwerten eines erwarteten Innendrucks p im Zylinder CY in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit t wiedergibt. In der
Indem der prädizierte Zylinderdruckverlauf EPD im Steuergerät CU durch dieselben Pegelschwellen G1, G2 wie auf der Sensorseite in Pegelmessbereiche bzw. Skalierungszonen A*, B*, C* unterteilt wird und diesen Skalierungszonen A*, B*, C* Gültigkeits-Zeitdauern oder korrespondierend hierzu Kurbelwinkelbereiche zugeordnet werden, ist es nun ermöglicht, für das jeweilige durch Pegelreduktion modifizierte Ausgangssignal SS des Zylinderdrucksensors DS dessen zugehörige, aktive Skalierungszone A, B, C im Steuergerät CU zu identifizieren. Dadurch ist es ermöglicht, aus den Pegelwerten U des gemessenen, pegelbegrenzten Sensorausgangssignals SS durch die richtige zeitliche Zuordnung desjenigen Messbereichabschnitts bzw. derjenigen Skalierungszone A, B, C, mit der das Sensorrohsignal ZS ursprünglich sensorseitig im Ist-Pfad IP pegelreduziert worden ist, durch Inversion der jeweiligen Skalierung den tatsächlichen Pegelwert P* für den Zylinderinnendruck zurückzugewinnen. Dies wird in der
Hier im Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Zeitspanne zwischen dem Zeitpunkt t0 und dem Zeitpunkt tB1 die Skalierungszone A zugeordnet. Dies bedeutet, dass während dieser Zeitspanne vom Zylinderdrucksensor DS ein Ausgangssignal SS geliefert wird, dass mit dem Skalierungsfaktor, insbesondere "Offset", dieser Pegelzone A beaufschlagt ist. Durch diesen Zusammenhang ist es möglich, die ursprüngliche Skalierung, die die Auswerte-/Logikeinheit LE des Zylinderdrucksensors DS durchgeführt hat, wieder umzukehren bzw. zu invertieren und aus den Spannungswerten U, die sich im Zeitraum zwischen t0 und tB1 für das Sensorausgangssignal SS ergeben, Spannungswerte des ursprünglichen Sensorrohsignal ZS zu rekonstruieren bzw. regenerieren. Diesen sind dann korrespondierend dazu entsprechende Innendruckwerte p* im Brennraum des Zylinders CY zugeordnet. In entsprechender Weise legt die Zeitspanne zwischen den Zeitpunkten tB1 und tC1 die Gültigkeitsdauer, d.h. das Vorhandensein von Spannungspegelwerten im pegelreduzierten Sensorausgangssignal SS fest, die mit dem Skalierungsfaktor der zweiten Skalierungszone B modifiziert worden sind. Es lässt sich in entsprechender Weise die durchgeführten Skalierung herausrechnen, d.h. die Pegelwerte p* des ursprünglichen Sensorrohsignals ZS lassen sich zurückgewinnen, indem der Offset des Messbereichsabschnitts B, den dieser gegenüber dem ersten Messbereichsabschnitt A hat, zu den Spannungswerten U des Ausgangssignals SS hinzuaddiert wird. Diese zurückgewonnenen bzw. rekonstruierten Spannungspegelwerte korrespondieren mit Innendruck-Pegelwerten p* im Zylinder CY. Die Zeitspanne zwischen den Zeitpunkten tC1 und tC1* definiert schließlich die Gültigkeitsdauer für die Skalierungszone C. Eine Rückgewinnung der während dieser Zeitspanne ausgegebenen Spannungswerte U des Sensorausgangssignals SS ist dann durch Invertierung des Skalierungsfaktors für die Skalierungszone C ermöglicht, so dass ebenfalls die tatsächlichen Druckwerte p* aus den übermittelten Ausgangssignalwerten des pegelbegrenzten Ausgangssignals SS zurückgewonnen werden können. Insbesondere wird dazu der "Offset" des dritten Messbereichsabschnitts C, den dieser gegenüber dem ersten Messbereichsabschnitt A hat, zu den Spannungswerten U des Ausgangssignals SS hinzuaddiert.In the exemplary embodiment, the time interval between time t0 and time tB1 is assigned to scaling zone A. This means that an output signal SS is supplied by the cylinder pressure sensor DS during this time period, that the scaling factor, in particular "offset", of this level zone A is applied. By this connection, it is possible to reverse or invert the original scaling performed by the evaluation / logic unit LE of the cylinder pressure sensor DS and from the voltage values U that result for the sensor output signal SS in the period between t0 and tB1. To reconstruct voltage values of the original sensor raw signal ZS or regenerate. These are then correspondingly assigned corresponding internal pressure values p * in the combustion chamber of the cylinder CY. Similarly, the time period between times tB1 and tC1 sets the period of validity, ie the presence of voltage level values in the level-reduced sensor output signal SS, which have been modified with the scaling factor of the second scaling zone B. The scaling carried out can be calculated out in a corresponding manner, ie the level values p * of the original raw sensor signal ZS can be recovered by adding the offset of the measuring range section B, which has this with respect to the first measuring range section A, to the voltage values U of the output signal SS. These recovered voltage level values correspond to internal pressure level values p * in the cylinder CY. The time interval between the times tC1 and tC1 * finally defines the validity period for the scaling zone C. A recovery of the voltage values U of the sensor output signal SS output during this period is then enabled by inversion of the scaling factor C for the scaling zone C, so that the actual pressure values p * can be recovered from the transmitted output signal values of the level-limited output signal SS. In particular, the "offset" of the third measuring range section C, which has this with respect to the first measuring range section A, is added to the voltage values U of the output signal SS.
Wird im Schritt S6 festgestellt, dass der Anfangszeitpunkt oder der Endzeitpunkt der jeweiligen Skalierungszone A, B, C des ausgegebenen Sensorsignals SS von denen der Pegelbereichsabschnitte A*, B*, C* des prädizierten Erwartungsdruckverlaufs EPD abweichen, d.h. ihre Gültigkeitszeitdauern voneinander verschieden sind, so kann diese Information zur Adaption der Kennfeldinformation KI herangezogen werden. Dies wird in der
Die
Alternativ kann es ggf. vorteilhaft sein, den erwarteten Zylinderdruckverlauf für den jeweilig aktuellen Betriebspunkt ohne Kennfeldinformation direkt zu berechnen. Dazu kann es beispielsweise zweckmäßig sein, den erwarteten zeitlichen Druckverlauf unter Zugrundlegung einer polytropen Kompression bzw. Expansion, mit p x Vn = konstant, wobei n ein sogenannter Polytropenexponenten ist, abschnittsweise zu berechnen. Dazu ist insbesondere in der älteren Patentanmeldung
Zusammenfassend betrachtet ist es auf diese Weise zur Erhöhung der Sensorsignalauflösung und damit Sensorsignalgenauigkeit nicht erforderlich, zusätzliche Steuerleitungen zwischen dem Zylinderdrucksensor und dem Motorsteuergerät vorzusehen, was ansonsten einen unerwünschten Aufwand an Steuerinformations-Generierung, - Übertragung und -Verarbeitung nach sich ziehen würde. Anstelle dessen wird der Sensormessbereich des Zylinderdrucksensors in mindestens zwei geeignete Einzelbereiche wie zum Beispiel einen Hochdruck- und einen Niederdruckbereich aufgeteilt. Die Umschaltung von einem zum anderen Messbereich erfolgt im Zylinderdrucksensor selbst und zwar immer dann, wenn eine Messbereichsgrenze erreicht bzw. über- oder unterschritten wird. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel von
Weiterhin kann es vorteilhaft sein, beim Umschalten von einem Skalierungsbereich auf einen benachbarten Skalierungsbereich eine bestimmte Hysterese vorzusehen, um ein Jittern zwischen diesen beiden Messbereichen zu verhindern, wenn der aktuelle Messwert des Ausgangssignals des Zylinderdrucksensors auf der Grenze bzw. bei der Schwelle zwischen diesen beiden Messbereichen liegt. Beispielsweise kann als Hysterese bzw. Toleranzpegel ein Pegelwert von 0,2 bar vorgesehen sein. Das bedeutet bezogen auf das obige Beispiel, dass bei steigendem Druck die Umschaltung vom kleinsten Messbereich A zum nächst höheren Messbereich B bei ca. 3,2 bar, das Zurückschalten vom mittleren, zweiten Messbereich B zum kleinsten, ersten Messbereich A bei fallendem Signalpegel des Ausgangssignals SS aber erst bei 2,8 bar erfolgt.Furthermore, it can be advantageous to provide a certain hysteresis when switching from one scaling range to an adjacent scaling range in order to prevent jitter between these two measuring ranges when the current measured value of the output signal of the cylinder pressure sensor is at the limit or at the threshold between these two measuring ranges lies. For example, a level value of 0.2 bar can be provided as hysteresis or tolerance level. This means based on the above example that switching from the smallest measuring range A to the next higher measuring range B at about 3.2 bar, the switching back from the middle, second measuring range B to the smallest, first measuring range A with falling signal level of the output signal SS but only at 2.8 bar.
Die einzelnen Messbereiche und ihre jeweiligen Verstärkungsfaktoren und/oder Offsets (oder auch komplette Sensorkennlinien) sind in der Motorsteuerung (ECU) vorzugsweise in einem nichtflüchtigen Speicher abgelegt. Welcher Messbereich gerade aktiv ist, entscheidet die Motorsteuerung in vorteilhafter Weise aufgrund einer bestimmten Druckverlaufserwartungshaltung. Abhängig vom Motorbetriebspunkt, der z.B. durch die aktuelle Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle des Verbrennungsmotors und der wirkenden Last, insbesondere der Stellung der Drosselklappe im Saugrohr des Verbrennungsmotors gegeben ist, und/oder von weiteren Betriebsparametern wie zum Beispiel Einspritztiming, Zündwinkel, Motorbetriebstemperatur etc. ergibt sich ein typischer Zylinderdruckverlauf. Dieser Druckverlauf wird in der Motorsteuerung z.B. als Kennfeld über dem Kurbelwellenwinkel abgelegt. Es ist aber auch ggf. zweckmäßig, dass der geschätzte Druckverlauf durch ein einfaches Berechungsverfahren z.B. unter Zugrundlegung einer polytropen Kompression bzw. Expansion, bei der p x Vn =konstant gilt, wobei n ein Polytropenexponent ist, abschnittsweise berechnet wird. Selbstverständlich kann es in der Praxis von Zyklus zu Zyklus des Verbrennungsprozesses zu Abweichungen kommen. Daher ist es zweckmäßig, die einzelnen Messbereiche wie zum Beispiel A, B, C so zu definieren, dass die zu erwartenden Druckschwankungen innerhalb des jeweiligen Messbereichs liegen. Die Motorsteuerung wählt dann entsprechend ihrer Erwartung den jeweiligen Messbereich aus, erhält bei einem linearen Signalverlauf Informationen über Offset und/oder Verstärkung und kann dem jeweiligen Sensorwert, der vom Zylinderdrucksensor ausgegeben wird, einen pegelbegrenzten Druckwert zuordnen. Als Sensorwert kann beispielsweise eine Spannung, ein elektrischer Strom, etc. dienen. In einer besonders einfachen, zweckmäßigen Ausführungsvariante bei einem 4-Taktverfahren eines Verbrennungsmotors werden die 720° Kurbelwellenwinkel in 2 x 360° Kurbelwellenwinkel unterteilt. Dabei ist der Niederdruckbereich dem ersten 360° Kurbelwellenwinkelbereich und der Hochdruckbereich dem zweiten 360° Kurbelwellenwinkelbereich zugeordnet. Abhängig von der Kurbelwellenposition wird dann der entsprechende Messbereich angewählt.The individual measuring ranges and their respective amplification factors and / or offsets (or else complete sensor characteristics) are preferably stored in the engine control unit (ECU) in a nonvolatile memory. Which measuring range is currently active, decides the engine control in an advantageous manner due to a certain pressure curve maintenance position. Depending on the engine operating point, which is given for example by the current speed of the crankshaft of the engine and the acting load, in particular the position of the throttle in the intake manifold of the engine, and / or other operating parameters such as injection timing, ignition angle, engine operating temperature, etc. results typical cylinder pressure curve. This pressure profile is stored in the engine control, for example, as a map over the crankshaft angle. However, it may also be expedient for the estimated pressure curve to be calculated in sections by a simple calculation method, for example based on polytropic compression or expansion, in which px V n = constant, where n is a polytropic exponent. Of course, in practice, deviations may occur from cycle to cycle of the combustion process. Therefore, it is expedient to define the individual measuring ranges such as A, B, C so that the expected pressure fluctuations are within the respective measuring range. The engine control then selects the respective measuring range according to its expectation, receives information on offset and / or amplification in the case of a linear signal course and can assign a level-limited pressure value to the respective sensor value which is output by the cylinder pressure sensor. As a sensor value, for example, a voltage, an electric current, etc. are used. In a particularly simple, expedient embodiment variant in a 4-stroke process of an internal combustion engine, the 720 ° crankshaft angles are subdivided into 2 × 360 ° crankshaft angles. Here, the low-pressure region is the first 360 ° crankshaft angle range and the high pressure region associated with the second 360 ° crankshaft angle range. Depending on the crankshaft position, the corresponding measuring range is then selected.
Selbstverständlich lässt sich das Verfahren in vorteilhafter Weise auch auf andere Sensorsignale als Zylinderdrucksignale überragen, falls ein ausreichend gut prädizierbarer Signalverlauf vorliegt.Of course, the method can be advantageously extended to other sensor signals than cylinder pressure signals, if there is a sufficiently predictable waveform.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehen zur Erhöhung der Auflösung der Sensorsignale ergibt sich in vorteilhafter Weise eine deutlich effektivere Nutzung und Erhöhung der Genauigkeit des Sensoranalogsignals. Der Signal-Rauschabstand und die Auflösung werden deutlich verbessert, so dass es erst dadurch ermöglicht ist, auch physikalisch kleine Messbereiche genau oder überhaupt erst zu erfassen. Zudem stellt das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eine kostengünstige Lösung dar, da es nicht erforderlich ist, Informationen zwischen dem Sensor und dem Motorsteuergerät zu übertragen, wodurch keine zusätzliche Signalgenerierung oder Übertragung erforderlich wird. Alle nötigen Informationen liegen in der Motorsteuerung bereits vor. Besonders vorteilhaft ist das Verfahren dann, wenn das Sensorsignal zur Reglung des Verbrennungsprozesses herangezogen wird. Das sogenannte CAI ("controlled auto ignition")-Verfahren wird dadurch besser beherrschbar, da ein höher aufgelöstes Zylinderdrucksignal vorliegt, das als Basisgröße für eine Verbrennungsprozessregelung Eingang findet. Denn hier gilt es, sowohl den Niederdruck- als den Hochdruckbereich möglichst genau zu erfassen.The procedure according to the invention for increasing the resolution of the sensor signals advantageously results in a significantly more effective use and increase in the accuracy of the sensor analog signal. The signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution are significantly improved, so that it is only possible thereby to detect even physically small measuring ranges exactly or even at first. In addition, the method according to the invention represents a cost-effective solution, since it is not necessary to transfer information between the sensor and the engine control unit, whereby no additional signal generation or transmission is required. All necessary information is already available in the engine management system. The method is particularly advantageous if the sensor signal is used to control the combustion process. The so-called CAI ("controlled auto ignition") method is thereby better manageable, since there is a higher-resolution cylinder pressure signal, which is used as a basic variable for a combustion process control input. Because here it is important to capture both the low-pressure and the high-pressure area as accurately as possible.
Claims (9)
- Method for increasing the resolution of output signals (SS) from at least one measuring sensor (DS) for an internal combustion engine (CE),
in that the working level range (PZ) of the measuring sensor (DS), within which the level values of its raw sensor signal (ZS) lie, is divided into at least two measuring range segments (A, B),
in that the same predefined output level range (ASB) of the output signal (SS) of the measuring sensor (DS), which is limited compared with the working level range (PZ), is assigned to each measuring range segment (A, B), with the switch from one measuring range segment (A, B) to the other being carried out independently by the measuring sensor (DS), when a measuring range boundary (G1) between two adjacent measuring range segments (A, B) is reached, exceeded or fallen below,
in that the operating point (BP) of the internal combustion engine (CE) is determined by means of an engine controller (ECU) based on at least one operating parameter (N, TPS) for its combustion process,
in that the temporal profile (EPD) of the raw sensor signal of the measuring sensor (DS) is predicted from at least one performance characteristic information item (KI) for the currently determined operating point (BP) and
in that the engine controller (ECU) determines which measuring range segment (A, B) of the measuring sensor (DS) is currently activated based on this predicted temporal raw sensor signal profile (EPD). - Method according to claim 1,
characterised in that
a cylinder pressure sensor (DS), which is attached to at least one cylinder (CY) of the internal combustion engine (CE), is used as the measuring sensor and a voltage signal is generated by the cylinder pressure sensor (DS) as the raw sensor signal (ZS), representing the internal pressure in the cylinder (CY). - Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the predicted raw sensor signal profile (EPD) has been stored previously as a performance characteristic in the engine controller (ECU). - Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterised in that
the predicted raw sensor signal profile (EPD) is calculated in the engine controller (ECU). - Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the switch from one measuring range segment (A) to another measuring range segment (B) is carried out subject to hysteresis. - Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
a division into at least two level range segments (A*, B*), which corresponds essentially to the division of the measuring range segments (A, B) of the measuring sensor (DS), is carried out in the engine controller (ECU) for the predicted raw sensor signal profile (EPD). - Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
based on the time intervals (t0-tB1, tB1-tC1, tC1-tC1*), which are assigned to the level range segments (A*, B*, C*) as periods of validity in the predicted raw sensor signal profile (EPD), it is estimated when which measuring range segment (A, B, C) of the measuring sensor (DS) is switched to active and the actual signal level profile (PD) of the raw sensor signal (ZS) is reconstructed from the level-limited output signal (SS) of the measuring sensor (DS) and this estimated temporal assignment of the associated active measuring range segment (A, B, C). - Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the difference between the period of validity of the respective level range segment (A*, B*, C*) of the predicted raw sensor signal profile (EPD) and the period of validity of the level-limited output signal (SS) of the measuring sensor (DS) is used to correct the prediction of the raw sensor signal profile (EPD) adaptively for the next estimation. - Control device (ECU) with at least one calculation unit (CU), which executes all steps of the method according to one of the preceding claims to increase the resolution of output signals (SS) from at least one measuring sensor (DS) for an internal combustion engine (CE).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102006030842A DE102006030842B3 (en) | 2006-07-04 | 2006-07-04 | Electronic control unit process to regulate the operation of an automotive combustion engine |
PCT/EP2007/056261 WO2008003600A1 (en) | 2006-07-04 | 2007-06-22 | Method for increasing the resolution of output signals from at least one measuring sensor on an internal combustion engine and corresponding controller |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2041415A1 EP2041415A1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
EP2041415B1 true EP2041415B1 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07765572A Not-in-force EP2041415B1 (en) | 2006-07-04 | 2007-06-22 | Method for increasing the resolution of output signals from at least one measuring sensor on an internal combustion engine and corresponding controller |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7894977B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2041415B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4705690B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101030161B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE447665T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102006030842B3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008003600A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007059354B3 (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2009-07-30 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and control unit for determining the gas work done by the cylinder pressure on the piston of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and the internal mean pressure |
DE102008004442B3 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and system for filtering a faulty cylinder pressure signal of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine |
JP5397084B2 (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2014-01-22 | 株式会社大真空 | Polishing equipment |
US8364385B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2013-01-29 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cylinder pressure sensor reset systems and methods |
JP5327198B2 (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-10-30 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection control device and fuel injection device |
JP5257442B2 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2013-08-07 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel pressure detection device and injector |
US9279406B2 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2016-03-08 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | System and method for analyzing carbon build up in an engine |
DE102014102163B4 (en) | 2014-02-20 | 2017-08-03 | Denso Corporation | Transmission technology for analog measured values |
DE102014218980A1 (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2016-03-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and arrangement for transmitting a sensor signal |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS604408B2 (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1985-02-04 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Karman vortex flow meter |
JPS5991501A (en) * | 1982-11-18 | 1984-05-26 | Nittan Co Ltd | Temperature detector |
DD237898A1 (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1986-07-30 | Magdeburg Medizinische Akad | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR INCREASING THE MEASURING VALUE IN TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY |
JPH01138348A (en) | 1987-11-24 | 1989-05-31 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Throttle opening degree detecting device in engine control |
JPH04224260A (en) | 1990-12-26 | 1992-08-13 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Combustion condition detecting device for internal combustion engine |
US6230683B1 (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 2001-05-15 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Premixed charge compression ignition engine with optimal combustion control |
US6374817B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2002-04-23 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Application of OP-AMP to oxygen sensor circuit |
DE10034390C2 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2003-06-26 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Pressure sensor and method for its production, and internal combustion engine with pressure sensor |
LU90733B1 (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2002-08-19 | Delphi Tech Inc | Device for lon current sensing |
JP4415779B2 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2010-02-17 | 株式会社デンソー | Drive device for secondary air introduction system |
EP1593825B1 (en) | 2004-05-05 | 2007-09-26 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, A subsidary of Ford Motor Company | Method to balance the cylinders of a combustion engine with sensors for each cylinder |
US7142973B2 (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2006-11-28 | Denso Corporation | Engine control apparatus designed to ensure accuracy in determining engine position |
DE102005009104B3 (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2006-08-31 | Siemens Ag | Method for control of combustion engine involves one or more cylinders with a burner chamber and associated with piston together with suction tract linked to inlet-valve of burner chamber and outlet-valve linked to cylinder pressure sensor |
-
2006
- 2006-07-04 DE DE102006030842A patent/DE102006030842B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-06-22 AT AT07765572T patent/ATE447665T1/en active
- 2007-06-22 WO PCT/EP2007/056261 patent/WO2008003600A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-06-22 KR KR1020087024821A patent/KR101030161B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2007-06-22 US US12/296,162 patent/US7894977B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-06-22 JP JP2009504765A patent/JP4705690B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-06-22 DE DE502007001925T patent/DE502007001925D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-06-22 EP EP07765572A patent/EP2041415B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7894977B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
WO2008003600A1 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
EP2041415A1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
KR101030161B1 (en) | 2011-04-18 |
JP2009533595A (en) | 2009-09-17 |
DE502007001925D1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
KR20080113407A (en) | 2008-12-30 |
JP4705690B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
ATE447665T1 (en) | 2009-11-15 |
DE102006030842B3 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
US20090287389A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
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