EP2037198B1 - Plant for drying a plurality of preferably multi-part plaster moulds - Google Patents

Plant for drying a plurality of preferably multi-part plaster moulds Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2037198B1
EP2037198B1 EP20080015940 EP08015940A EP2037198B1 EP 2037198 B1 EP2037198 B1 EP 2037198B1 EP 20080015940 EP20080015940 EP 20080015940 EP 08015940 A EP08015940 A EP 08015940A EP 2037198 B1 EP2037198 B1 EP 2037198B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying chamber
hot air
plaster
segment
drying
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EP20080015940
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2037198A2 (en
EP2037198A3 (en
Inventor
Franz Scharnagl
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Maschinen und Stahlbau Julius Lippert GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinen und Stahlbau Julius Lippert GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2037198A3 publication Critical patent/EP2037198A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/006—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects the gas supply or exhaust being effected through hollow spaces or cores in the materials or objects, e.g. tubes, pipes, bottles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/02—Ceramic articles or ceramic semi-finished articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for drying a plurality of preferably multi-part plaster molds, preferably designed as plaster molds, in each of which a mold cavity for a sanitary ceramic article is formed, wherein the mold cavity has a slip-pouring inlet and a vent opening, wherein it is provided that the Plant has a flow of hot air flow through a drying chamber for receiving the plaster molds to be dried.
  • Plaster molds for sanitary ceramic articles usually have a weight of more than 100 kg or even a weight of more than 200 kg.
  • the plaster molds serve to produce sanitary ceramics by casting.
  • a ceramic slip is poured into the mold cavity of the multi-part plaster mold through the slip-pouring, until the mold cavity is filled with the slurry.
  • the air in the mold cavity escapes through the vent opening of the plaster mold.
  • the plaster mold can then be broken down into their individual parts and a soft, but steadfast sanitary ceramic object can be removed.
  • liquid gypsum is cast in the individual parts of the plaster mold corresponding shapes. These forms result then the individual parts of the plaster mold. Subsequently, the individual parts of the plaster mold are assembled and dried. The initial moisture of the plaster mold is more than 30% water.
  • At least one multi-part gypsum mold is dried in a hot-air drying chamber with the aid of warm air in conventional drying systems.
  • the drying times of such multi-part plaster molds for sanitary ceramic articles of large mass> 100 kg can be 60, 90 and 120 hours in the conventional systems. These drying times depend on the plaster mold sizes.
  • the DE 3708642 A1 discloses a system for drying ceramic blanks with connected modules, which are each formed multi-storey, so that there is a continuous upper and lower plant floor. A stream of hot air is recirculated in the individual segments.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a system of the type mentioned, which is structurally simple and allows fast and effective drying of a plurality of plaster molds.
  • the modularity of the system results in particular advantages in the production and use of the system.
  • a particularly effective mode of operation results from the warm air circulation current which passes through the upper plant floor and the lower plant floor.
  • the hot air admission provided there of the interior of the plaster molds is particularly advantageous.
  • the drying chamber segments is associated with a pressure line, which is fed on the input side by means of a high-pressure fan device with hot air and this blows the output side under pressure in the mold cavity of the plaster molds to be dried.
  • the pressure line can be formed as a branched pressure line with at least one branching position whose output-side branch lines are assigned to the drying chamber segments such that in each case at least one branch line is fed to each drying chamber segment.
  • the hot air blower device that can be connected to the plaster mold can have at least one pressure blower.
  • the hot air blower device may comprise a number of pressure blowers for a number provided in the hot air drying chamber, to be dried plaster molds, or the hot air blower device may provide a single pressure fan with a number of connecting lines for a number in the hot air drying chamber , have to be dried plaster molds.
  • Plants of the latter type are used as industrial drying systems to supply a number of gypsum molds with core air from a corresponding number of pressure blowers or from a common large pressure blower with a number of leads, and the plaster molds not only from their outer surface but at the same time from the inside ie Starting from the mold cavity, to dry.
  • the at least one pressure blower is expediently connectable by means of a hose line to the slurry pouring opening or to the ventilation opening of the at least one plaster mold to be dried.
  • the hot air blower device can be arranged in the hot-air drying chamber or associated with it.
  • the high-pressure fan sucks air out of the process space and presses this air into a pipe network.
  • the plaster molds At this Pipework connected are the plaster molds to be dried.
  • the air In front of the fan, the air is depressurised or has negative pressure, after the fan the air has overpressure.
  • the drying installation according to the invention has the advantages that the drying time for plaster molds for sanitary ceramic articles is reduced by at least 50% compared to known drying installations in which the drying of the plaster mold takes place from its outer surface, and the energy requirement of the drying installation according to the invention correspondingly is reduced.
  • the hot air flow guided in the drying space has a temperature in the range from 40 ° to 80 ° C. and the outside of the plaster molds set up there flows at 10 m / sec and that a hot air flow with a pressure greater in the interior of the plaster molds as 1,000 Pascal and with a temperature equal to that in the hot air flow of the drying room is blown.
  • the Figures 1 and 2 show a plant 10 for drying at least one multi-part plaster mold 12, in which a mold cavity 14 is formed for a sanitary ceramic article. In the illustrated embodiment, it is a toilet bowl.
  • the mold cavity 14 of the plaster mold 12 has a slip pouring opening 16 and a vent opening 18 remote therefrom.
  • the system 10 has a hot-air drying chamber 20, which can be supplied with hot air by means of an air heater 22.
  • the air heater 22 has air heater 24 and associated air circulation fan 26.
  • the system 10 has a hot-air blower device 28, which can be connected to dry the at least one plaster mold 12, starting from the interior, to the slip-pouring 16 or to the vent opening 18 of the mold cavity 14 of the plaster mold 12.
  • the hot air blower device 28 is connected to the slurry pouring port 16.
  • the hot-air blower device 28 on the output side with a flexible connecting line 30, that is connected to a hose line 32.
  • the hot air blower device 28 is connected to a pipe 34, which introduces hot air from the hot air drying chamber 20 through the hot air blower 28 and the connection or hose 30, 32 in the mold cavity 14 of the plaster mold 12 to the plaster mold 12 not only starting from its outer surface 36 but at the same time also from its interior, ie starting from the mold cavity 14 to dry.
  • the consumed hot air is discharged through the vent opening 18 of the plaster mold 12 and discharged through an exhaust device 38 from the system 10.
  • the hot air blower device 28 has at least one pressure blower 40. If the plant 10 is provided for a number of plaster molds 12, it is possible that the hot air blower device 28, a number of pressure blower 40 for a Number provided in the hot-air drying chamber 20, to be dried plaster molds 12 has. Another possibility is that the hot air blower device 28 has a single pressure blower 40 with a number of connecting line 30 for a number in the hot air drying chamber provided, to be dried plaster molds 12.
  • the hot air blower 28 may be disposed in or associated with the hot air drying chamber 20, i. be adjacent to the hot-air drying chamber 20.
  • vent opening is preferably at the upper part of the plaster mold and the pouring port, also shown in the example shown above, can also be arranged at the bottom or product-dependent top.
  • the in the FIGS. 3 and 4 Plant 500 shown has five drying chamber segments 501 arranged side by side in a row forming the composite drying chamber.
  • each drying chamber segment 501 four plaster molds 12 are set up for drying.
  • the drying chamber segments 501 are each 2-storey, wherein in the case illustrated two plaster molds in the upper floor and two molds in the lower floor are arranged in each case.
  • Each drying chamber segment 501 has a loading door 502 on its front side.
  • These doors 502 are each formed in the illustrated case as a double-leaf doors.
  • a deflecting segment 503, 504 is respectively arranged on the front side, which connects the upper throughflow channel to the lower throughflow channel.
  • the relieving device 503a consists of an axial fan installed in the circulating-air segment 503 on the upper floor and an axial fan installed on the lower floor.
  • the air heater 503b is formed as a direct gas burner, the flame extends into the deflection of the air flow.
  • the deflection segment 504 drawn on the left in the figures has an exhaust device 504a and a fresh air supply device 504b, which communicate with the air flow deflected in the deflection segment 504.
  • the temperature of the hot air flow is driven by the air heater 503b during the drying process with a temperature curve between 50 and 75 °.
  • the volume flow is adjusted via the axial blower 503a so that the hot air flow on the outside of the plaster molds has a speed of about 10 m per second.
  • both or even only one of the axial fans 503a are switched on.
  • the axial fans 503a are designed for a flow rate of 30,000 m 3 / h at a pressure of 400 Pascal.
  • the flow direction of the axial blower 503a is switched temporarily, so that the plaster molds to be dried are not only constantly flowed from one side, but alternately from both sides, to avoid shadowing or one-sided drying largely.
  • the inner mold cavity of the plaster molds 12 is in the in the FIGS. 3 and 4 system shown provided a high-pressure fan 560, the hot air from the circulating hot air stream, sucks in the illustrated case from the upper flow channel and the output side feeds a branched pressure line 564.
  • the cable ends of the branched Pressure line 564 are respectively connected to the slip-pouring port or to the vent opening of the mold cavity 14 of the plaster molds 12.
  • the high pressure fan 560 is arranged in the region of the upper floor on the ceiling side outside of the flow channel.
  • the branched pressure line 564 is a line system consisting of pipes or hoses, wherein the line system is connected via a line on the output side to the high pressure fan 560. This line branches at a first branch point into a first horizontally extending distribution line, branch off from the five vertical branch lines 564a.
  • Branch lines 564a are associated with five drying chamber segments 501, ie, each branch line 564a leads into its associated drying chamber segment 501.
  • each branch line 564a has an upper branch point and an adjoining lower branch point.
  • the upper branching point represents a branching in three branching lines, two of the branching lines leading to the two upper-level plaster molds and the third branching line leading to the lower branching point, from which branch off two branching lines, which are fed to the two arranged on the lower floor plaster molds ,
  • the branch lines supplied to the respective plaster molds 12 are respectively connected to the slurry pouring opening 16 or to the ventilation opening 18 of the mold cavity 14 of the respective plaster mold 12.
  • a shut-off valve is arranged in order to switch on and off the warm air admission of the mold cavity during operation and in connection with the charging process.
  • the high pressure fan 560 is designed to provide a pressure of 8000 Pascals on the output side, ie the hot air is injected into the mold cavity at a pressure of 8000 Pascal. It flows through the mold cavity in the interior of the plaster mold 12 and that depending on the connection of the pressure line to the slip pouring 16 or at the vent 18 and additionally on the formed in the respective multi-part plaster mold columns and cracks between the moldings. Thus, the hot air flows in the interior of the plaster mold 12, a large surface and thus ensures a particularly effective removal of moisture from the interior of the plaster mold 12th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zum Trocknen einer Mehrzahl von vorzugsweise mehrteiligen Gipsformen, vorzugsweise als Gipsformen ausgebildet, in denen jeweils ein Formhohlraum für einen Sanitär-Keramikgegenstand ausgebildet ist, wobei der Formhohlraum eine Schlicker-Eingießöffnung und eine Entlüftungsöffnung aufweist, wobei vorgesehen ist, daß die Anlage eine von einem Warmluftstrom durchströmte Trockenkammer zur Aufnahme der zu trocknenden Gipsformen aufweist.The invention relates to a system for drying a plurality of preferably multi-part plaster molds, preferably designed as plaster molds, in each of which a mold cavity for a sanitary ceramic article is formed, wherein the mold cavity has a slip-pouring inlet and a vent opening, wherein it is provided that the Plant has a flow of hot air flow through a drying chamber for receiving the plaster molds to be dried.

Gipsformen für Sanitär-Keramikgegenstände besitzen üblicherweise ein Gewicht von mehr als 100 kg oder sogar ein Gewicht von mehr als 200 kg. Die Gipsformen dienen dazu, Sanitär-Keramikgegenstände im Gießverfahren herzustellen. Dabei wird durch die Schlicker-Eingießöffnung ein Keramikschlicker in den Formhohlraum der mehrteiligen Gipsform eingegossen, bis der Formhohlraum mit dem Schlicker gefüllt ist. Die in dem Formhohlraum befindliche Luft entweicht dabei durch die Entlüftungsöffnung der Gipsform. Nach einer bestimmten Standzeit kann die Gipsform dann in ihre Einzelteile zerlegt werden und ein weicher, aber standfester Sanitär-Keramikgegenstand entnommen werden.Plaster molds for sanitary ceramic articles usually have a weight of more than 100 kg or even a weight of more than 200 kg. The plaster molds serve to produce sanitary ceramics by casting. In this case, a ceramic slip is poured into the mold cavity of the multi-part plaster mold through the slip-pouring, until the mold cavity is filled with the slurry. The air in the mold cavity escapes through the vent opening of the plaster mold. After a certain life, the plaster mold can then be broken down into their individual parts and a soft, but steadfast sanitary ceramic object can be removed.

Bei der Anlage der eingangs genannten Art handelt es sich um eine Anlage zum Trocknen der genannten Gipsformen im Rahmen der Herstellung der Gipsformen.In the plant of the type mentioned is a system for drying said plaster molds in the context of the production of plaster molds.

Zur Herstellung einer mehrteiligen Gipsform wird flüssiger Gips in den einzelnen Teilen der Gipsform entsprechende Formen gegossen. Diese Formen ergeben dann die einzelnen Teile der Gipsform. Anschließend werden die einzelnen Teile der Gipsform zusammengesetzt und getrocknet. Die Anfangsfeuchte der Gipsform beträgt mehr als 30 % Wasser.To produce a multi-part plaster mold, liquid gypsum is cast in the individual parts of the plaster mold corresponding shapes. These forms result then the individual parts of the plaster mold. Subsequently, the individual parts of the plaster mold are assembled and dried. The initial moisture of the plaster mold is more than 30% water.

Um diese Anfangsfeuchte zu beseitigen, wird in herkömmlichen Trocknungsanlagen jeweils mindestens eine mehrteilige Gipsform in einer Warmluft-Trockenkammer mit Hilfe von warmer Luft getrocknet. Die Trockenzeiten solcher mehrteiliger Gipsformen für Sanitär-Keramikgegenstände großer Masse von > 100 kg kann in den herkömmlichen Anlagen 60, 90 und 120 Stunden betragen. Diese Trockenzeiten sind von den Gipsformgrößen abhängig.In order to eliminate this initial moisture, at least one multi-part gypsum mold is dried in a hot-air drying chamber with the aid of warm air in conventional drying systems. The drying times of such multi-part plaster molds for sanitary ceramic articles of large mass> 100 kg can be 60, 90 and 120 hours in the conventional systems. These drying times depend on the plaster mold sizes.

Die DE 3708642 A1 offenbart eine Anlage zum Trocknen keramischer Rohlinge mit verbundenen Modulen, welche jeweils mehrstöckig ausgebildet sind, so dass sich ein durchgehendes oberes und unteres Anlagenstockwerk ergibt. Ein Warmluftstrom wird jeweils in den einzelnen Segmenten rezirkuliert.The DE 3708642 A1 discloses a system for drying ceramic blanks with connected modules, which are each formed multi-storey, so that there is a continuous upper and lower plant floor. A stream of hot air is recirculated in the individual segments.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Anlage der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die konstruktiv einfach aufgebaut ist und eine schnelle und effektive Trocknung einer Mehrzahl der Gipsformen ermöglicht.The invention is based on the object to provide a system of the type mentioned, which is structurally simple and allows fast and effective drying of a plurality of plaster molds.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the subject of claim 1.

Durch die Modularität der Anlage ergeben sich besondere Vorteile bei der Herstellung und dem Einsatz der Anlage. Eine besonders effektive Betriebsweise ergibt sich durch den Warmluftkreislaufstrom, der das obere Anlagenstockwerk und das untere Anlagenstockwerk durchläuft.The modularity of the system results in particular advantages in the production and use of the system. A particularly effective mode of operation results from the warm air circulation current which passes through the upper plant floor and the lower plant floor.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist bei bevorzugten Ausführungen die dort vorgesehene Warmluftbeaufschlagung des Innenraums der Gipsformen. Es kann hierzu vorgesehen sein, daß den Trockenkammersegmenten eine Druckleitung zugeordnet ist, die eingangsseitig mittels einer Hochdruckgebläseeinrichtung mit Warmluft gespeist wird und diese ausgangsseitig unter Druck in den Formhohlraum der zu trocknenden Gipsformen einbläst. Vorzugsweise kann hierbei die Druckleitung als verzweigte Druckleitung mit mindestens einer Verzweigungsstellungsstelle ausgebildet sein, deren ausgangsseitige Zweigleitungen den Trockenkammersegmenten derart zugeordnet sind, dass zu jedem Trockenkammersegment jeweils mindestens eine Zweigleitung zugeleitet ist.In preferred embodiments, the hot air admission provided there of the interior of the plaster molds is particularly advantageous. It may be provided for this purpose that the drying chamber segments is associated with a pressure line, which is fed on the input side by means of a high-pressure fan device with hot air and this blows the output side under pressure in the mold cavity of the plaster molds to be dried. Preferably, in this case, the pressure line can be formed as a branched pressure line with at least one branching position whose output-side branch lines are assigned to the drying chamber segments such that in each case at least one branch line is fed to each drying chamber segment.

Bei besonders bevorzugten Ausführungen der Anlage ist also vorgesehen, dass nicht nur eine Trocknung der Gipsformen von deren Außenoberfläche her, sondern gleichzeitig auch eine Trocknung der Gipsformen von deren Formhohlraum, d.h. von deren Innenseite ausgehend erfolgt.In particularly preferred embodiments of the plant is thus provided that not only a drying of the plaster molds from the outer surface thereof, but also a drying of the plaster molds from the mold cavity, i. From the inside out starting.

Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die Trockenzeiten um mindestens 50 % zu reduzieren, wobei neben dieser Verkürzung der Trockenzeit auch der Energiebedarf entsprechend verringert ist.In this way it is possible to reduce the drying times by at least 50%, whereby in addition to this shortening of the drying time and the energy consumption is reduced accordingly.

Erfindungsgemäß kann die an die Gipsform anschließbare Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung mindestens ein Druckgebläse aufweisen. Je nach der Ausbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage kann die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung eine Anzahl Druckgebläse für eine Anzahl in der Warmlufttrockenkammer vorgesehene, zu trocknende Gipsformen aufweisen, oder die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung kann ein einziges Druckgebläse mit einer Anzahl Anschlussleitungen für eine Anzahl in der Warmluft-Trockenkammer vorgesehene, zu trocknende Gipsformen aufweisen. Anlagen der zuletzt genannten Art kommen als Industrie-Trocknungsanlagen zur Anwendung, um eine Anzahl Gipsformen mit Kernluft aus einer entsprechenden Anzahl Druckgebläsen oder aus einem gemeinsamen Großdruckgebläse mit einer Anzahl Anschlussleitungen zu versorgen, und die Gipsformen gleichzeitig nicht nur von ihrer Außenoberfläche sondern gleichzeitig von ihrem Inneren, d.h. vom Formhohlraum ausgehend, zu trocknen.According to the invention, the hot air blower device that can be connected to the plaster mold can have at least one pressure blower. Depending on the design of the system according to the invention, the hot air blower device may comprise a number of pressure blowers for a number provided in the hot air drying chamber, to be dried plaster molds, or the hot air blower device may provide a single pressure fan with a number of connecting lines for a number in the hot air drying chamber , have to be dried plaster molds. Plants of the latter type are used as industrial drying systems to supply a number of gypsum molds with core air from a corresponding number of pressure blowers or from a common large pressure blower with a number of leads, and the plaster molds not only from their outer surface but at the same time from the inside ie Starting from the mold cavity, to dry.

Das mindestens eine Druckgebläse ist zweckmäßigerweise mittels einer Schlauchleitung an die Schlicker-Eingießöffnung oder an die Entlüftungsöffnung der mindestens einen zu trocknenden Gipsform anschließbar.The at least one pressure blower is expediently connectable by means of a hose line to the slurry pouring opening or to the ventilation opening of the at least one plaster mold to be dried.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage kann die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung in der Warmluft-Trockenkammer angeordnet oder dieser zugeordnet sein.In the system according to the invention, the hot air blower device can be arranged in the hot-air drying chamber or associated with it.

Bei bevorzugten Ausführungen ist vorgesehen, daß der Hochdrucklüfter Luft aus dem Prozessraum absaugt und diese Luft in ein Rohrnetz drückt. An diesem Rohrnetz angeschlossen sind die zu trocknenden Gipsformen. Vor dem Lüfter ist die Luft drucklos oder hat Unterdruck, nach dem Lüfter hat die Luft Überdruck.In preferred embodiments, it is provided that the high-pressure fan sucks air out of the process space and presses this air into a pipe network. At this Pipework connected are the plaster molds to be dried. In front of the fan, the air is depressurised or has negative pressure, after the fan the air has overpressure.

Die erfindungsgemäße Trocknungsanlage weist die Vorteile auf, dass die Trockenzeit für Gipsformen für Sanitär-Keramikgegenstände um mindestens 50 % im Vergleich zu bekannten Trocknungsanlagen, bei welchen die Trocknung der Gipsform von deren Außenoberfläche ausgehend erfolgt, reduziert wird, und dass der Energiebedarf der erfindungsgemäßen Trocknungsanlage entsprechend verringert ist.The drying installation according to the invention has the advantages that the drying time for plaster molds for sanitary ceramic articles is reduced by at least 50% compared to known drying installations in which the drying of the plaster mold takes place from its outer surface, and the energy requirement of the drying installation according to the invention correspondingly is reduced.

Als Betriebsweise kann vorzugsweise vorgesehen sein, dass der im Trockenraum geführte Warmluftstrom eine Temperatur im Bereich 40 ° bis 80 ° C aufweist und die Außenseite der dort aufgestellten Gipsformen mit 10 m/sec anströmt und dass in das Innere der Gipsformen ein Warmluftstrom mit einem Druck größer als 1.000 Pascal und mit einer Temperatur gleich wie die im Warmluftstrom des Trockenraums eingeblasen wird.As an operating mode, it can preferably be provided that the hot air flow guided in the drying space has a temperature in the range from 40 ° to 80 ° C. and the outside of the plaster molds set up there flows at 10 m / sec and that a hot air flow with a pressure greater in the interior of the plaster molds as 1,000 Pascal and with a temperature equal to that in the hot air flow of the drying room is blown.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage zur äußeren Trocknung und zur inneren Trocknung mit Kernluft von mindestens einer mehrteiligen Gipsform.Further details, features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing of the inventive system for external drying and internal drying with core air of at least one multi-part plaster mold.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Trocknungsanlage mit einer geschnitten gezeichneten mehrteiligen Gipsform, und
Figur 2
eine Vorderansicht der Trocknungsanlage gemäß Figur 1 in einer zur Blickrichtung gemäß Figur 1 senkrechten Blickrichtung.
Figur 3
eine Vorderansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Trocknungsanlage mit 5 Trocknungssegmenten, teilweise in Schnittansicht.
Figur 4
eine Draufsicht der Trocknungsanlage in Figur 3.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a side view of an embodiment of the drying plant with a drawn drawn multi-part plaster mold, and
FIG. 2
a front view of the drying plant according to FIG. 1 in a view according to FIG. 1 vertical viewing direction.
FIG. 3
a front view of an embodiment of a drying plant with 5 drying segments, partially in sectional view.
FIG. 4
a top view of the drying plant in FIG. 3 ,

Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen eine Anlage 10 zum Trocknen mindestens einer mehrteiligen Gipsform 12, in der ein Formhohlraum 14 für einen Sanitär-Keramikgegenstand ausgebildet ist. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um eine WC-Schüssel.The Figures 1 and 2 show a plant 10 for drying at least one multi-part plaster mold 12, in which a mold cavity 14 is formed for a sanitary ceramic article. In the illustrated embodiment, it is a toilet bowl.

Der Formhohlraum 14 der Gipsform 12 weist eine Schlicker-Eingießöffnung 16 und eine davon entfernte Entlüftungsöffnung 18 auf.The mold cavity 14 of the plaster mold 12 has a slip pouring opening 16 and a vent opening 18 remote therefrom.

Die Anlage 10 besitzt eine Warmluft-Trockenkammer 20, die mittels einer Lufterhitzereinrichtung 22 mit Warmluft versorgbar ist. Die Lufterhitzereinrichtung 22 weist Lufterhitzer 24 und zugehörige Umlüfter 26 auf.The system 10 has a hot-air drying chamber 20, which can be supplied with hot air by means of an air heater 22. The air heater 22 has air heater 24 and associated air circulation fan 26.

Die Anlage 10 weist eine Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 auf, die zum Trocknen der mindestens einen Gipsform 12, von deren Inneren ausgehend, an die Schlicker-Eingießöffnung 16 oder an die Entlüftungsöffnung 18 des Formhohlraumes 14 der Gipsform 12 anschließbar ist. In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 an die Schlicker-Eingießöffnung 16 angeschlossen. Zu diesem Zwecke ist die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 ausgangsseitig mit einer flexiblen Anschlussleitung 30, d.h. mit einer Schlauchleitung 32, verbunden. Eingangsseitig ist die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 mit einer Rohrleitung 34 verbunden, die Warmluft aus der Warmlufttrockenkammer 20 durch die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 und die Anschluss- bzw. Schlauchleitung 30, 32 in den Formhohlraum 14 der Gipsform 12 einleitet, um die Gipsform 12 nicht nur von ihrer Außenoberfläche 36 ausgehend sondern gleichzeitig auch von ihrem Inneren, d.h. vom Formhohlraum 14 ausgehend, zu trocknen. Die verbrauchte Warmluft wird durch die Entlüftungsöffnung 18 der Gipsform 12 ausgegeben und durch eine Ablufteinrichtung 38 aus der Anlage 10 ausgeleitet.The system 10 has a hot-air blower device 28, which can be connected to dry the at least one plaster mold 12, starting from the interior, to the slip-pouring 16 or to the vent opening 18 of the mold cavity 14 of the plaster mold 12. In the Figures 1 and 2 the hot air blower device 28 is connected to the slurry pouring port 16. For this purpose, the hot-air blower device 28 on the output side with a flexible connecting line 30, that is connected to a hose line 32. On the input side, the hot air blower device 28 is connected to a pipe 34, which introduces hot air from the hot air drying chamber 20 through the hot air blower 28 and the connection or hose 30, 32 in the mold cavity 14 of the plaster mold 12 to the plaster mold 12 not only starting from its outer surface 36 but at the same time also from its interior, ie starting from the mold cavity 14 to dry. The consumed hot air is discharged through the vent opening 18 of the plaster mold 12 and discharged through an exhaust device 38 from the system 10.

Die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 weist mindestens ein Druckgebläse 40 auf. Ist die Anlage 10 für eine Anzahl Gipsformen 12 vorgesehen, so ist es möglich, dass die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 eine Anzahl Druckgebläse 40 für eine Anzahl in der Warmluft-Trockenkammer 20 vorgesehene, zu trocknende Gipsformen 12 aufweist. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, dass die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 ein einziges Druckgebläse 40 mit einer Anzahl Anschlussleitung 30 für eine Anzahl in der Warmluft-Trockenkammer vorgesehene, zu trocknende Gipsformen 12 aufweist.The hot air blower device 28 has at least one pressure blower 40. If the plant 10 is provided for a number of plaster molds 12, it is possible that the hot air blower device 28, a number of pressure blower 40 for a Number provided in the hot-air drying chamber 20, to be dried plaster molds 12 has. Another possibility is that the hot air blower device 28 has a single pressure blower 40 with a number of connecting line 30 for a number in the hot air drying chamber provided, to be dried plaster molds 12.

Die Warmluft-Gebläseeinrichtung 28 kann in der Warmluft-Trockenkammer 20 angeordnet oder dieser zugeordnet, d.h. zur Warmluft-Trockenkammer 20 benachbart sein.The hot air blower 28 may be disposed in or associated with the hot air drying chamber 20, i. be adjacent to the hot-air drying chamber 20.

Die dargestellten Positionen der Entlüftungsöffnung sowie der Eingießöffnung sind produktabhängig. Die Entlüftungsöffnung ist vorzugsweise am oberen Teil der Gipsform und die Eingießöffnung, im dargestellten Beispiel auch oben dargestellt, kann auch unten oder produktabhängig oben angeordnet sein.The illustrated positions of the vent opening and the pouring opening are product dependent. The vent opening is preferably at the upper part of the plaster mold and the pouring port, also shown in the example shown above, can also be arranged at the bottom or product-dependent top.

Die in den Figuren 3 und 4 gezeigte Anlage 500 weist fünf Trockenkammersegmente 501 auf, die nebeneinander in einer Reihe angeordnet die zusammengesetzte Trockenkammer bilden. In jedem Trockenkammersegment 501 sind vier Gipsformen 12 zum Trocknen aufgestellt. Die Trockenkammersegmente 501 sind jeweils 2-stöckig, wobei in dem dargestellten Fall jeweils zwei Gipsformen im oberen Stockwerk und zwei Formen im unteren Stockwerk angeordnet sind.The in the FIGS. 3 and 4 Plant 500 shown has five drying chamber segments 501 arranged side by side in a row forming the composite drying chamber. In each drying chamber segment 501 four plaster molds 12 are set up for drying. The drying chamber segments 501 are each 2-storey, wherein in the case illustrated two plaster molds in the upper floor and two molds in the lower floor are arranged in each case.

Jedes Trockenkammersegment 501 weist an seiner Vorderseite jeweils eine Beschickungstür 502 auf. Diese Türen 502 sind im dargestellten Fall jeweils als zweiflügelige Türen ausgebildet.Each drying chamber segment 501 has a loading door 502 on its front side. These doors 502 are each formed in the illustrated case as a double-leaf doors.

Bei der Nebeneinanderanordnung der Trockenkammersegmente 501 grenzen jeweils benachbarte Trockenkammersegmente seitlich aneinander unter Bildung eines oberen Stockwerks mit einem durchgehenden horizontalen oberen Durchströmungskanal und eines unteren Stockwerks mit einem durchgehenden horizontalen unteren Durchströmungskanal. An den endständigen Segmenten 501 ist stirnseitig jeweils ein Umlenksegment 503, 504 angeordnet, die den oberen Durchströmungskanal mit dem unteren Durchströmungskanal verbindet.In the juxtaposition of the drying chamber segments 501 adjacent each adjacent drying chamber segments adjacent to each other to form an upper floor with a continuous horizontal upper flow channel and a lower floor with a continuous horizontal lower flow channel. At the terminal segments 501, a deflecting segment 503, 504 is respectively arranged on the front side, which connects the upper throughflow channel to the lower throughflow channel.

Das in den Figuren 3 und 4 rechte Umlenksegment 503 weist eine Umlüftereinrichtung 503a und eine Lufterhitzereinrichtung 503b auf. Die Umlüftereinrichtung 503a besteht aus einem im Umluftsegment 503 im oberen Stockwerk installierten Axialgebläse und einem im unteren Stockwerk installierten Axialgebläse. Die Lufterhitzereinrichtung 503b ist als direkter Gasbrenner ausgebildet, dessen Flamme in den Umlenkbereich des Luftstroms hineinreicht.That in the FIGS. 3 and 4 right deflection segment 503 has a circulation device 503a and an air heater 503b. The relieving device 503a consists of an axial fan installed in the circulating-air segment 503 on the upper floor and an axial fan installed on the lower floor. The air heater 503b is formed as a direct gas burner, the flame extends into the deflection of the air flow.

Das in den Figuren links eingezeichnete Umlenksegment 504 weist eine Ablufteinrichtung 504a und eine Frischluftzufuhreinrichtung 504b auf, die mit dem in dem Umlenksegment 504 umgelenkten Luftstrom kommunizieren.The deflection segment 504 drawn on the left in the figures has an exhaust device 504a and a fresh air supply device 504b, which communicate with the air flow deflected in the deflection segment 504.

Damit wird also ein umlaufender Warmluftstrom für die Trocknung der in dem oberen und unteren Stock der nebeneinander angeordneten Gipsformen 12 erzeugt. Die Temperatur des Warmluftstroms wird durch den Lufterhitzer 503b während des Trocknungsvorgangs mit einer Temperaturkurve zwischen 50 und 75 ° gefahren. Der Volumenstrom wird über die Axialgebläse 503a so eingestellt, dass der Warmluftstrom an der Außenseite der Gipsformen eine Geschwindigkeit von ca. 10 m pro Sekunde hat. Je nach Anzahl und Größe der Gipsformen 12 werden beide oder auch nur einer der Axialgebläse 503a eingeschaltet. Vorzugsweise sind die Axialgebläse 503a für einen Volumenstrom von 30.000 m3/h bei einem Druck von 400 Pascal ausgelegt.Thus, a circulating hot air flow for the drying of the arranged in the upper and lower floor of the adjacent plaster molds 12. The temperature of the hot air flow is driven by the air heater 503b during the drying process with a temperature curve between 50 and 75 °. The volume flow is adjusted via the axial blower 503a so that the hot air flow on the outside of the plaster molds has a speed of about 10 m per second. Depending on the number and size of the plaster molds 12, both or even only one of the axial fans 503a are switched on. Preferably, the axial fans 503a are designed for a flow rate of 30,000 m 3 / h at a pressure of 400 Pascal.

Während des Trocknungsbetriebs wird die Durchströmungsrichtung der Axialgebläse 503a zeitweise umgeschaltet, damit die zu trocknenden Gipsformen nicht nur konstant von einer Seite angeströmt werden, sondern alternierend von beiden Seiten, um eine Schattenbildung oder einseitige Trocknung weitgehend zu vermeiden.During the drying operation, the flow direction of the axial blower 503a is switched temporarily, so that the plaster molds to be dried are not only constantly flowed from one side, but alternately from both sides, to avoid shadowing or one-sided drying largely.

Zur Warmluftbeaufschlagung des inneren Formhohlraums der Gipsformen 12 ist bei der in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten Anlage ein Hochdruckventilator 560 vorgesehen, der Warmluft aus dem umlaufenden Warmluftstrom, im dargestellten Falle aus dem oberen Durchströmungskanal saugt und ausgangsseitig eine verzweigte Druckleitung 564 speist. Die Leitungsenden der verzweigten Druckleitung 564 sind jeweils an der Schlicker-Eingießöffnung oder an der Entlüftungsöffnung des Formhohlraums 14 der Gipsformen 12 angeschlossen.For Warmluftbeaufschlagung the inner mold cavity of the plaster molds 12 is in the in the FIGS. 3 and 4 system shown provided a high-pressure fan 560, the hot air from the circulating hot air stream, sucks in the illustrated case from the upper flow channel and the output side feeds a branched pressure line 564. The cable ends of the branched Pressure line 564 are respectively connected to the slip-pouring port or to the vent opening of the mold cavity 14 of the plaster molds 12.

Bei der in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten Ausführung ist der Hochdruckventilator 560 im Bereich des oberen Stockwerks deckenseitig außerhalb des Durchströmungskanals angeordnet. Die verzweigte Druckleitung 564 ist ein Leitungssystem bestehend aus Rohrleitungen oder Schläuchen, wobei das Leitungssystem über eine Leitung ausgangsseitig an dem Hochdruckventilator 560 angeschlossen ist. Diese Leitung verzweigt sich an einer ersten Verzweigungsstelle in eine zunächst horizontal verlaufende Verteilerleitung, von der fünf vertikale Verzweigungsleitungen 564a abzweigen. Die Verzweigungsleitungen 564a sind den fünf Trocknungskammersegmenten 501 zugeordnet, d. h. jede Verzweigungsleitung 564a führt in das ihr zugeordnete Trocknungskammersegment 501. Hierbei weist jede Verzweigungsleitung 564a jeweils eine obere Verzweigungsstelle und eine daran anschließende untere Verzweigungsstelle auf. Die obere Verzweigungsstelle stellt eine Verzweigung in drei Verzweigungsleitungen dar, wobei zwei der Verzweigungsleitungen die beiden im oberen Stockwerk angeordneten Gipsformen zugeleitet sind und die dritte Verzweigungsleitung in die untere Verzweigungsstelle führt, von der zwei Verzweigungsleitungen abzweigen, die den beiden im unteren Stockwerk angeordneten Gipsformen zugeleitet sind.In the in the FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrated embodiment, the high pressure fan 560 is arranged in the region of the upper floor on the ceiling side outside of the flow channel. The branched pressure line 564 is a line system consisting of pipes or hoses, wherein the line system is connected via a line on the output side to the high pressure fan 560. This line branches at a first branch point into a first horizontally extending distribution line, branch off from the five vertical branch lines 564a. Branch lines 564a are associated with five drying chamber segments 501, ie, each branch line 564a leads into its associated drying chamber segment 501. Here, each branch line 564a has an upper branch point and an adjoining lower branch point. The upper branching point represents a branching in three branching lines, two of the branching lines leading to the two upper-level plaster molds and the third branching line leading to the lower branching point, from which branch off two branching lines, which are fed to the two arranged on the lower floor plaster molds ,

Die den jeweiligen Gipsformen 12 zugeleiteten Verzweigungsleitungen sind jeweils an der Schlickereingießöffnung 16 oder an der Lüftungsöffnung 18 des Formhohlraums 14 der jeweiligen Gipsform 12 angeschlossen. Im Anschlußbereich der Leitung ist ein Absperrventil angeordnet, um die Warmluftbeaufschlagung des Formhohlraums während des Betriebs und in Verbindung mit dem Beschickungsvorgang ein- und ausschalten zu können.The branch lines supplied to the respective plaster molds 12 are respectively connected to the slurry pouring opening 16 or to the ventilation opening 18 of the mold cavity 14 of the respective plaster mold 12. In the connection region of the line, a shut-off valve is arranged in order to switch on and off the warm air admission of the mold cavity during operation and in connection with the charging process.

Der Hochdruckventilator 560 ist so ausgelegt, daß er ausgangsseitig einen Druck von 8000 Pascal erbringt, d. h. die Warmluft wird mit einem Druck von 8000 Pascal in den Formhohlraum eingeblasen. Sie durchströmt dabei den Formhohlraum im Inneren der Gipsform 12 und zwar je nach Anschluß der Druckleitung an der Schlicker-Eingießöffnung 16 oder an der Entlüftungsöffnung 18 und zusätzlich über die in der jeweils mehrteiligen Gipsform ausgebildeten Spalten und Ritzen zwischen den Formteilen. Damit überströmt die Warmluft im Inneren der Gipsform 12 eine große Oberfläche und sorgt damit für einen besonders wirksamen Abtransport der Feuchtigkeit aus dem Inneren der Gipsform 12.The high pressure fan 560 is designed to provide a pressure of 8000 Pascals on the output side, ie the hot air is injected into the mold cavity at a pressure of 8000 Pascal. It flows through the mold cavity in the interior of the plaster mold 12 and that depending on the connection of the pressure line to the slip pouring 16 or at the vent 18 and additionally on the formed in the respective multi-part plaster mold columns and cracks between the moldings. Thus, the hot air flows in the interior of the plaster mold 12, a large surface and thus ensures a particularly effective removal of moisture from the interior of the plaster mold 12th

Claims (11)

  1. System to dry a plurality of multi-part plaster moulds (12), preferably formed as plaster moulds in each of which a mould cavity (14) for a sanitary ceramic object is formed, wherein the mould cavity (14) has a slip casting opening (16) and a ventilation opening (18),
    wherein provision is made
    for the system to have a drying chamber (20) that is flowed through by a stream of hot air to receive the plaster moulds (12) that are to be dried, wherein,
    a) the drying chamber (20) is composed of several drying chamber segments (501) which are arranged next to one another and are formed as a module, and
    the drying chamber segments (501) are each formed to have multiple storeys having an upper storey for the reception of at least one of the plaster moulds (12) that are to be dried and a lower storey for the reception of at least one more of the plaster moulds (12) that are to be dried, and
    the upper storey of the drying chamber segments (501) arranged next to one another forms a continuous upper system storey having a continuous upper flow channel for the stream of hot air and the lower storey of the drying chamber segments (501) arranged next to one another form a continuous lower system storey having a continuous lower flow channel for the hot air stream; and wherein
    b) a deflection segment (503, 504) is arranged on each free front end of the two end drying chamber segments (501), said deflection segment connecting the upper flow channel to the lower flow channel and deflecting the stream of hot air, forming a hot air circuit stream.
  2. System according to claim 1,
    characterised in that,
    the deflection segment (503) has an air circulation device (503a) having at least one axial fan and/or has an air heater device (503b).
  3. System according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the air heater device has at least one burner or another heat source, for example formed as a direct burner.
  4. System according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the deflection segment (504) has an exhaust air discharge device (504a) and/or has a fresh air supply device (504b).
  5. System according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that,
    a pressure line (564) is allocated to the drying chamber segments (501), which is supplied with hot air on the input side by means of a high pressure fan device (560) and, under pressure,blowsthis into the mould cavity (14) of the plaster moulds (12) that are to be dried on the output side.
  6. System according to claim 5,
    characterised in that,
    the pressure line (564) is able to be connected on the output side to the slip casting opening (16) or to the ventilation opening (18) of the mould cavity of the plaster mould (12) that is to be dried.
  7. System according to claim 5 or 6,
    characterised in that,
    the pressure line (564) is formed as a branched pressure line having at least one branching point, the output-side branches (564a) of which are allocated to the drying chamber segments (501) in such a way that at least one branch (564a) is supplied to each drying chamber segment (501).
  8. System according to claim 7,
    characterised in that,
    the branch (564a) allocated to the respective drying chamber segment (501) has at least one branch position, the branched branches of which are allocated to the plaster moulds (12) that are to be dried, which are arranged in the drying chamber segment (501) in such a way that at least one branched branch is allocated to each of the plaster moulds (12).
  9. System according to one of claims 5 to 10,
    characterised in that,
    the high pressure fan device (560) is arranged on an outer side and/or in the region of an outer wall of the drying chamber (501), preferably in the region of the cover wall of the drying chamber.
  10. System according to one of claims 5 to 9,
    characterised in that,
    the high pressure fan device (560) is connected on the input side to the drying chamber (501), preferably in the region of the deflection segment (503, 504), in such a way that it sucks hot air from the hot air circulation stream of the drying chamber.
  11. System according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that,
    a charging door (502) is arranged on a front side of the drying chamber segment (501), preferably formed as a double-leaf door.
EP20080015940 2007-09-14 2008-09-10 Plant for drying a plurality of preferably multi-part plaster moulds Active EP2037198B1 (en)

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DE200710045349 DE102007045349A1 (en) 2007-09-14 2007-09-14 Plant for drying a plurality of preferably multi-part plaster molds

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Cited By (1)

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CN106766714A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-31 滁州源远纸制品有限公司 Paper tube drying box is used in a kind of paper tube production

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CN111735289A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-02 陆升(福建)集团有限公司 Drying device for white porcelain product and using method thereof
CN111854352A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-10-30 沈阳和世泰通用钛业有限公司 Drying device
CN116067133B (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-12-26 台宜陶瓷（宜兴）有限公司 Continuous vertical ceramic firing furnace group system and firing method

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DE1735590U (en) * 1953-01-15 1956-12-06 Gg Kiefer Maschf DEVICE FOR DRYING WOOD.
AT281689B (en) * 1966-03-11 1970-05-25 Vanicek Viktor Drying plant
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106766714A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-31 滁州源远纸制品有限公司 Paper tube drying box is used in a kind of paper tube production
CN106766714B (en) * 2016-12-08 2019-02-01 重庆新万合环保包装科技有限公司 A kind of paper tube production paper tube drying box

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DE102007045349A1 (en) 2009-03-19
EP2037198A3 (en) 2013-05-29

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