EP2034500A1 - Power resistor for high voltage power switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The resistor arrangement (18) has several connectors (24-27) arranged in series with one another and at least one of the resistors being arranged between at least two connectors, for serial electrical connection of the connectors. The connectors which are electrically connected to one of the resistors are in the form of a cooling element for dissipating heat from the resistor. The resistors are arranged in parallel to one another between two cooling elements and are connected electrically in parallel with one another by the cooling elements.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to the preamble of claim 1 and a high-voltage circuit breaker with such Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to claim 9.

State of the art

A high-voltage circuit breaker with a Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung is off WO 93/02461 known. The known high-voltage circuit breaker has a tubular, filled with insulating gas housing, which is at ground potential. At both end portions of the high voltage circuit breaker, a high voltage feedthrough is arranged on the housing. Within the housing, in the direction of the longitudinal axis, an interrupter unit and the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung are arranged in series and connected between the two high-voltage feedthroughs. In order to disconnect the starting resistors of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung from the circuit after switching on the high voltage circuit breaker, the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung has a parallel to the Einschaltwiderständen current path, which is closed with or shortly after the closing of the interrupter unit.

The known Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung has a plurality of series-connected resistive elements, which are arranged on two mutually parallel Isolierstoffstäben. The electrical connection between the resistive elements is made via electrodes that are substantially adjacent Connect resistance elements on the two insulating rods together. This ensures that the current path is meandered through the resistor assembly and thus the mechanically parallel juxtaposed resistor elements are electrically connected in series with each other.

A disadvantage of this arrangement proves that because of the very compact design of this Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung the heat loss of the resistive elements can be dissipated poorly. This leads to the problem that the known power switch may not be turned on a second time within a certain time period after a first switch-on and a subsequent switch-off, because this could otherwise lead to overheating of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung. In particular, this problem is further exacerbated if a higher mains voltage is used since the electric current P (U: voltage, R: resistance) P = U ² / R.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a comparison with the prior art improved Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung and a circuit breaker with such Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung not having the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, an on-resistance or a high-voltage circuit breaker is to be created which allows a repeated switching even at higher voltages of the power grid.

This object is achieved by the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to claim 1 and by the high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 9. According to the invention, the on-resistance resistor arrangement comprises a plurality of cooling elements, which dissipate heat from the resistance elements of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung. This ensures that the heated by a switch-on of a high-voltage circuit breaker resistance elements are effectively cooled and thus do not overheat in another switch-on.

According to a preferred embodiment according to claim 3, the cooling elements are formed flat and over a contact area, within which the resistance elements are thermally connected to the cooling element, via this resistance element. The contact area ensures that the heat can flow away from the resistance element to the cooling element. Due to the planar design of the cooling element, a large surface area is achieved in comparison with the total volume of the cooling element, as a result of which the heat can be released efficiently from the resistance element via the cooling element.

According to a preferred embodiment according to claim 4, the cooling element has a substantially round shape, which is flat within an outer edge region, wherein the edge region is arched out of the plane of the middle region. This ensures that the electrical field caused by the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung is as homogeneous as possible, which can be realized with the inventive Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung a compact circuit breaker. In addition, the arranged between two adjacent cooling elements resistance elements are shielded.

According to a preferred embodiment according to claim 6, a plurality of resistance elements are arranged parallel to each other between two cooling elements and electrically connected in parallel to one another via the cooling elements. This is one particularly compact design of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung realized. A cooling element serves, on the one hand, to cool the adjacent resistance elements and, on the other hand, to electrically connect the resistance elements arranged parallel to one another.

According to a preferred embodiment according to claim 7, the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung on an active group. By the mutually parallel rods of the active group, which are each supported on their two-sided end portions of support plates, the cooling elements and the resistance elements are mechanically connected to each other. The parallel arrangement of a plurality of resistive elements distributes the power of the current to a plurality of resistive elements.

According to a preferred embodiment according to claim 11, the interrupter unit and the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung are each arranged within a separate housing part. As a result, a particularly compact design is achieved because the shape of the first housing part can be adapted to the shape of the interrupter unit and the shape of the second housing part to the shape of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung.

Further preferred embodiments are specified in the further dependent claims.

Short description of the drawing

Fig. 1

einen erfindungsgemässen Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit einem ersten Gehäuseteil mit einer darin angeordneten Unterbrechereinheit und einem zweiten Gehäuseteil mit einer darin angeordneten, erfindungsgemässen Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung, welche parallel zu der Unterbrechereinheit geschaltet ist;

Fig. 2

ein Schaltbild des erfindungsgemässen Hochspannungsleistungsschalters gemäss Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

teilweise in Schnittdarstellung (Längsschnitt) die Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung gemäss Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

in einer Ansicht ein Kühlelement und fünf Widerstandselemente der erfindungsgemässen Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung; und

Fig. 5

das Kühlelement und zwei Widerstandselemente im Querschnitt entlang dem Schnitt V-V gemäss Fig. 4.

In the following, the subject invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment. It shows purely schematically:

Fig. 1

a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention with a first housing part with an interrupter unit arranged therein and a second housing part with an inventive, arranged therein A switch resistor arrangement connected in parallel with the breaker unit;

Fig. 2

a circuit diagram of the inventive high-voltage circuit breaker according to Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

partially in sectional view (longitudinal section) the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 4

in a view of a cooling element and five resistor elements of the inventive Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung; and

Fig. 5

the cooling element and two resistance elements in cross section along the section VV according to Fig. 4 ,

The reference numerals used in the figures and their meaning are listed in the list of reference numerals. Basically, the same or equivalent parts are provided with the same or similar reference numerals in the figures. For the understanding of the invention non-essential parts are not shown in part. The described embodiment is exemplary of the subject invention and has no limiting effect.

Way to carry out the invention

Fig. 1 shows a metal-enclosed high-voltage circuit breaker 10 for a gas-insulated switchgear. The circuit diagram of the high voltage circuit breaker is in Fig. 2 shown. In gas-insulated Schaltanlangen example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF ₆ ) is used as insulating. Instead of this gas, another gas with good insulating properties can be used. Such high voltage circuit breakers are used to switch currents in networks of over 400kV (kilovolts), especially over 800kV.

The inventive high-voltage circuit breaker 10 can be used instead of in a gas-insulated switchgear in a hybrid switchgear, in which elements of the gas-insulated switchgear construction technology are combined with elements of the air-insulated switchgear construction technique.

The high-voltage circuit breaker 10 has a first housing part 12, in which an interrupter unit 14 is arranged, and parallel to the first housing part 12, a second housing part 16, in which a Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 is arranged. The first housing part 12 as well as the second housing part 16 are made of a metal, in particular aluminum or steel and are in operation of the gas-insulated switchgear at ground potential. Instead of an interrupter unit 14, several, for example, four interrupter units can be used, which are connected in series with each other.

The first housing part 12 as well as the second housing part 16 are respectively provided at both ends with connecting end regions 20, 21, 22, 23, which make it possible to couple the first housing part 12 to the second housing part 16. For this purpose, the connecting end regions 20, 21, 22, 23 each have lateral connecting pieces 24, 25, 26, 27 with flanges. Between the connecting end regions 20, 21, 22, 23, the first housing part 12 as well as the second housing part 16 is substantially tubular. Within the substantially tubular portion of the first housing part 12, the interrupter unit 14 is arranged, which is arranged substantially along a first housing axis A1 defined by the tubular portion. Within the substantially tubular portion of the second housing part 16, the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 is arranged, which is arranged substantially along a second defined by the tubular portion housing axis A2. The second housing part 16 is formed by two, the Verbindungsendbereiche 22, 23 forming connecting elements 22 ', 23' and by a lying between the two connecting elements tubular body 28.

To the one connection end portion 20 of the first housing part 12, a known drive unit 30 is coupled, by means of which the interrupter unit 14 as well as a switch 32 is driven to turn on and off the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18. The switch 32 is arranged within that connection end region 22 of the second housing part 16 which lies closer to the drive unit 30. The mechanical connection between the drive unit 30 and the interrupter unit 14 is made via a drive rod 34 made of insulating material which extends in the direction of the first housing axis A1. The mechanical connection between the drive unit 30 and the switch 32 is made via a known mechanism, not shown.

The two connecting end regions 20, 21 of the first housing part 12 each have an outlet connection 36, by means of which the high-voltage circuit breaker 10 can be connected to other elements of a gas-insulated switchgear. The outlet connection pieces 36 are arranged laterally with respect to the first housing axis A1, opposite the connection pieces 24, 25.

In order to connect the high-voltage circuit breaker 10 electrically with other elements of the gas-insulated switchgear, runs through the outlet connection 36 of the drive-side Verbindungsendbereichs 20, a conductor 40, which is held by known insulating elements (not shown) spaced from the first housing part 12. The conductor 40 extends from the opening of the outlet nozzle 36 to the switch 32. The conductor 40 is electrically connected to a movable switching contact 46 of the switch 32 and connected to the interrupter unit 14.

A fixed switching contact 48 of the switch 32, which cooperates with the movable switching contact 46 for closing the switch 32, is arranged within the drive-side connecting element 22 'of the second housing part 16. From the fixed switching contact 48, a conductor 41 passes through the drive-side connecting element 22 'of the second housing part 16 and connects the fixed contact 48 with a first terminal contact 50 of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18th

A second terminal contact 52 of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 is connected via a further conductor 42 which passes through the connecting element 23 'of the second housing part 16 through, with a conductor 43 which from the connecting piece 25 of the remote from the drive 30 Verbindungsendbereichs 21 of the first housing part 12 to the departure mares 36 of the same Verbindungsendbereichs 21 runs. With this conductor 43, the interrupter unit 14 is also connected. The conductors 40, 41, 42, 43 are held by means of known, disc-shaped or conical insulators within the first and second housing part 12, 16 such that they in the radial direction to the conductor 40, 41, 42, 43 allows uniform distances to the first or second housing part 12, 16 have.

Alternatively to the in Fig. 1 shown arrangement of the interrupter unit 14 in the first housing part 12 and the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 in the second housing part 16, the interrupter unit and the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung can also be arranged in a common housing part, for example in the above-described first housing part, in which case the second housing part can be dispensed with. The leadership of the ladder must be adapted to this arrangement.

In the Fig. 1 and 3 shown Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 consists in the present embodiment of three active groups 56, which are arranged along the second housing axis A2 and in series with each other. Depending on the design of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 and a different number of active groups can be selected, in particular a single. A central axis A of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 coincides with the second housing axis A2. The three active groups 56 are placed on a running along the central axis A support tube 58 made of insulating material and are held by this in position and carried. At the two end portions of the support tube 58 each one of the two connection contacts 50, 52 is arranged. The connection contacts 50, 52 are fixedly connected to the conductor 41 and to the conductor 42, respectively, so that the starting resistance arrangement 18 is supported by the conductors 41, 42. The connection contacts 50, 52 are made of a highly conductive material such as aluminum. In addition to their function as connection contacts 50, 52, they also serve to shield the starting resistor arrangement 56 in the direction of the second housing axis A2 or the center axis A.

Each of the in Fig. 1 and 3 shown active groups 56 has a plurality of cooling elements 60 arranged in series with each other. As in particular in 4 and 5 shown, each cooling element 60 has a round, flat in the center region shape, wherein the outer edge portion 62 of the cooling element 60 is bent out of the plane such that the cooling element 60 in cross-section (see Fig. 5 ) Is C-shaped. In the middle, each cooling element 60 has a feedthrough hole 64, through which the support tube 58 is guided. The diameter of the feedthrough hole 64 is selected larger than the diameter of the support tube 58, so that the cooling elements 60 are spaced from the support tube 58 or at least with sufficiently large clearance along the support tube 58 are displaced. The support tube 58 extends at right angles to the plane of each cooling element 60.

The cooling element 60 is made of metal, in particular aluminum, and has a plate-like shape. The wall thickness of the cooling element 60 is for example less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm or less than 1 mm. The diameter of the cooling element 60 is for example between 30 cm and 150 cm and preferably between 80 cm and 120 cm. In particular, the areal extent of the cooling element 60 is typically larger than the wall thickness of the cooling element 60 by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude.

Further, each cooling element 60 has five mounting holes 66 arranged on a circle (not shown) equidistant from each other. The center of this circle is congruent with the center of the feedthrough hole 64. The radius of the circle is chosen such that the circle lies substantially midway between the feedthrough hole 64 and the edge region 62.

The cooling elements 60 of each active group 56 are aligned with each other so that the five mounting holes 66 and the feedthrough hole 64 of each cooling element 60 in the direction of the central axis A are each congruent. Due to the mutually aligned mounting holes 66 each made of an insulating material rod 68 is guided through.

Between two adjacent in the direction of the central axis A cooling elements 60 each active group 56 five resistor elements 70 are arranged in each case. Each of the five resistor elements 70 is held by one of the five rods 68.

In order to hold the active groups 56 on the support tube 58, each active group 56 has two round support plates 72, 72 'carried by the support tube 58, which in turn support the rods 68 of each active group 56. The rods 68 carry the cooling elements 60 and the resistance elements 70. The two support plates 72, 72 'each have a hole in the center through which the support tube 58 passed and the support plate 72, 72' is held firmly on the support tube 58. Next, each support plate 72, 72 'analogous to the cooling elements 60 on five mounting holes 66 through which each one of the rods 68 guided therethrough and held in the circumferential direction as well as in the radial direction. In the direction of the central axis A, the rod 68 is movably guided through the support plate 72, 72 '. The resistance elements 70 and cooling elements 60 described above are arranged between the two support plates 72, 72 'of each active group 22.

Between the one support plate 72 'of each active group 22 and the cooling element 60 adjoining this support plate 72', five resistance elements 70 are again arranged, which are each supported by one of the rods 68. Between this support plate 72 'and a this side, thickened end portion 74 of each rod 68, a coil spring 76 is mounted on the rod 68.

Between the other support plate 72 of each active group 56 and adjacent to this support plate 72 cooling element 30 a total of five biasing rings 78 are arranged, wherein each rod 68 each a biasing ring 78 is held firmly. Each one of these biasing rings 78 cooperates with the thickened end portion 78 of the rod 68 and the coil spring 76 such that the cooling elements 60, resistance elements 70 and the one support plate 72 'arranged between the biasing ring 78 and the thickened end portion 74 are fixed in the direction of the rod 68 abut each other. This ensures that between the cooling elements 60 and the Resistive elements 70 a good electrical and thermal connection is ensured. Furthermore, this arrangement serves to compensate for a longitudinal expansion due to thermal expansion, in particular the longitudinal extent of the resistance elements 70, by the spring 76.

The resistance elements 70 are made of a sintered material, for example, and are generally known by the name of the ceramic carbon resistor. Each resistance element 70 has a straight, circular cylindrical shape, wherein the resistance element 70 has a through hole 80 along its cylinder axis. The inner diameter of this through-hole 80 corresponds to the inner diameter of the mounting holes 66 of the cooling element 60. The through-hole 80 of the resistance element 70 serves to hold it in position on the rod 68 in the radial direction. For this purpose, the rod 68 is guided through the through hole 80. The two end faces of each resistance element 70 are formed as contacts and for this purpose preferably have a coating of a material with good electrical conductivity and serve to provide the electrical connection to the adjacent cooling elements 60 or to the adjacent support plate 72 '. Furthermore, the connection between the resistance element 70 and the cooling element 60 has a high thermal conductivity, so that heat of the resistance element 70 can be dissipated to the cooling elements 60.

The outer diameter of the resistance elements 70 is chosen as large as possible, but only so large that neither the adjacent resistance elements 70, the support tube 58 nor the outer edge region 62 of the cooling element 60 are touched. As a result, each resistance element 70 contacts the adjacent cooling element 60 within a contact region, the cooling element 60 moving in the direction of the plane defined by the center region of the cooling element 60 over the contact region and thus projecting beyond the resistance element 70. It is thereby achieved that the heat is conducted from the resistance elements 70 via the contact region of the cooling elements 60 into regions of the cooling elements 60, against which no resistance elements 70 abut. In particular, the heat is dissipated into the outer edge regions 62. In particular, from the outer edge region 62, the heat can be radiated radially outwards.

The three arranged on the support tube 58 in series active groups 56 of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung 18 are connected to each other electrically in series. For this purpose, the two connection contacts 50, 52 are each connected via a wire 82 to the adjacent support plate 72, 72 '. The electrical connection of the active groups 56 with each other is also made by wires 82, which connect adjacent support plates 72, 72 'of adjacent active groups 56 together. Further, in each active group 56, a wire 82 connects the support plate 72, which is disposed within the active group 56 away from the thickened end portion 74 of the insulating rod 68, to the adjacent cooling element 60.

To shield wire 82 between the active groups 56, a convex shielding plate 90 is integrally formed on each support plate 72 ', which radially shields the springs 76, the thickened end portions 74 and the wire 82.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

High voltage circuit breaker

12

first housing part

14

Interrupter unit

16

second housing part

18

closing resistor

20-23

Connection end portions

22 ', 23'

fasteners

24-27

connecting pieces

28

pipe body

30

drive unit

32

switch

34

drive rod

36

outlet spigot

40-43

ladder

46

movable switching contact

48

fixed switching contact

50

first connection contact

52

second connection contact

56

active group

58

support tube

60

cooling element

62

outer border area

64

Through Hole

66

mounting hole

68

rods

70

resistive element

72, 72 '

support plate

74

end

76

spiral spring

78

biasing discs

80

Through Hole

82

wire

90

shield

A

central axis

A1

first housing axis

A2

second housing axis

Claims (12)

A high resistance circuit breaker device comprising a plurality of resistive elements (70) and a plurality of interconnecting elements (60), said interconnecting elements (60) arranged in series with each other and between at least two series connected interconnecting elements (60) of at least one of said resistive elements (70). is arranged for the serial electrical connection of these connecting elements (60),
characterized in that
at least one of the electrically connected to one of the resistance elements (70) connecting elements (60) for the purpose of dissipation of heat from the resistance element (70) as a cooling element (60) are formed. Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to claim 1,
characterized in that the connecting elements (60) as cooling elements (60) are formed and two mutually in series arranged cooling elements (60) by means of a resistive element (70) are electrically connected to each other. Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each of the cooling elements (60) is formed flat, in a contact region with the adjacent resistance element (70) is thermally connected and projecting over this contact area for dissipating the heat from the contact area. Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the individual cooling elements (60) each have a substantially round, inside an outer edge region (62) flat shape and the outer edge region (62) of each cooling element (60) for the purpose electrical shielding and / or cooling is formed bent out of the plane of the central region out. Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cooling elements (60) are made of metal, in particular made of aluminum and have a thickness of less than 5 mm, preferably less than 2 mm and more preferably less than 1 mm , Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between two cooling elements (60) a plurality of resistive elements (70) arranged parallel to each other and are electrically connected in parallel by the cooling elements (60). Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to claim 6,
characterized in that the on resistance resistor arrangement comprises an active group (56) of resistive elements (70) and cooling elements (60), the active group (56) having a number of resistance elements (70) arranged parallel to one another corresponding number of bars (68) are arranged parallel to one another and serve to mechanically connect the cooling elements (60) and the resistance elements (60), the resistance elements (70) arranged parallel to one another being carried by the rods (68) arranged parallel to one another, and the rods (68 ) on both sides end regions of a respective support plate (72, 72 ') on a common support tube (58) of the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung are supported. Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to claim 7,
characterized in that a plurality of active groups (56) are arranged on the carrier tube (58), which are electrically connected to each other in series. High-voltage circuit breaker with a Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung according to any one of claims 1 to 8. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 9,
characterized in that the on-resistance resistor is connected in parallel with a breaker unit (14) of the circuit breaker. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 10,
characterized in that the interrupter unit (14) within a first housing part (12) of the high voltage circuit breaker (10) and the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung (18) within a second housing part (16) of the high voltage circuit breaker (10) are arranged, wherein the first housing part (12) and the second housing part (16) are connected to one another at connection end regions (20, 21, 22, 23) of the first housing part (12) and of the second housing part (16). High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that an interrupter unit of the high-voltage circuit breaker and the Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung are arranged within the same housing part of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

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