EP2033252A1 - Bestimmung des lambdawertes von reformat mithilfe einer brennstoffzelle - Google Patents
Bestimmung des lambdawertes von reformat mithilfe einer brennstoffzelleInfo
- Publication number
- EP2033252A1 EP2033252A1 EP07764357A EP07764357A EP2033252A1 EP 2033252 A1 EP2033252 A1 EP 2033252A1 EP 07764357 A EP07764357 A EP 07764357A EP 07764357 A EP07764357 A EP 07764357A EP 2033252 A1 EP2033252 A1 EP 2033252A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- lambda value
- cell element
- lambda
- reformate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04791—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04798—Concentration; Density of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0255—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a non-catalytic partial oxidation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
- C01B2203/0445—Selective methanation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1614—Controlling the temperature
- C01B2203/1619—Measuring the temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1685—Control based on demand of downstream process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/169—Controlling the feed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the lambda value of reformate, which is intended to be supplied to a fuel cell stack, wherein the idle voltage is detected and evaluated at least one fuel cell element for determining the lambda value.
- the invention relates to a method for lambda control of a reformer for converting at least fuel and air to reformate, which is intended to be supplied to a fuel cell stack.
- the invention also relates to a device for determining the lambda value of reformate, which is intended to be supplied to a fuel cell stack, wherein the device comprises means which are suitable for detecting the lambda value to detect and evaluate the open-circuit voltage at least one fuel cell element.
- the invention relates to a system comprising a reformer for converting at least fuel and air to reformate and a fuel cell stack fed by the reformer with reformate, the reformer being lambda controlled.
- the generic methods, devices and systems are used in connection with the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.
- the reformer fuel and air preferably in Form of a fuel / air mixture fed.
- the reformer then takes place a reaction of the fuel with the atmospheric oxygen, wherein preferably the process of partial oxidation is carried out.
- the reformate thus produced is then fed to a fuel cell or a fuel cell stack, electrical energy being released by the controlled conversion of hydrogen as a constituent of the reformate and oxygen.
- the reformer may be designed so that the process of partial oxidation is carried out to produce reformate.
- diesel when using diesel as a fuel, it is particularly useful to perform pre-reactions before the partial oxidation.
- "cold flame” can be used to convert long-chain diesel molecules into shorter-chain molecules, which ultimately favors reformer operation.
- the reaction zone of the reformer is fed with a gas mixture which is converted to H 2 and CO.
- Another component of the reformate are N 2 from the air and, depending on the air ratio and the temperature, optionally CO 2 , H 2 O and CH 4 .
- the reforming reaction can be monitored by different sensors, such as temperature sensors and gas sensors.
- the process of partial oxidation is opposed for autothermal refraction caused by the fact that oxygen is supplied substoichiometrically.
- the partial oxidation is exothermic, so that problematic heating of the reformer can occur.
- the partial oxidation tends to increase the formation of soot.
- the air ratio ⁇ can be selected to be greater and / or part of the oxygen used for the oxidation can be provided by steam. Because the oxidation with water vapor is endothermic, it is possible to adjust the ratio of fuel, oxygen and water vapor so that neither heat is released nor heat is consumed.
- the autothermal reforming thus achieved eliminates the problems of soot formation and undesirable overheating of the reformer.
- a common fuel cell system for example, a PEM system ("proton exchange membrane”), which typically at operating temperatures between room temperature and about 100 0 C can be operated. Due to the low operating temperatures, this type of fuel cell is often used for mobile applications, for example in motor vehicles.
- high-temperature fuel cells are known, so-called SOFC systems ("solid oxide fuel cell”). These systems work, for example, in the temperature range of about 800 0 C, wherein a solid electrolyte (“solid oxide”) in is able to take over the transport of oxygen ions.
- SOFC systems solid oxide fuel cell
- solid oxide fuel cell a solid electrolyte in is able to take over the transport of oxygen ions.
- the advantage of such high-temperature fuel cells over PEM systems is in particular the robustness against mechanical and chemical loads.
- auxiliary power unit As applications for fuel cells in connection with the generic systems come in addition to stationary applications in particular applications in the automotive sector in question, for example, as an "auxiliary power unit” (APU).
- APU auxiliary power unit
- the prior art In order to determine the lambda value of reformate, the prior art often uses a sensor (lambda probe) provided in the output region of the reformer in order to measure the oxygen concentration. This represents an additional material expense, which is associated with high costs. Furthermore, leakage problems and / or temperature problems can occur.
- an open-circuit voltage of at least one fuel cell element is measured and this measured value is correspondingly evaluated in order to determine a lambda actual value which is used for the control to a lambda setpoint becomes.
- the open circuit voltage on a fuel cell element is less dependent on the current operating conditions than a voltage during a current drain. For example, an open circuit voltage could be detected by measuring it only in operating phases in which the
- the invention has the object of developing the generic methods, devices and systems such that the lambda value can be determined in montage- and wholesomestreund- Licher way.
- the cable management is simplified manufacturing technology, because the terminal fuel cell elements are much easier accessible than a fuel cell element from the middle of the fuel cell stack.
- the exclusive use of the fuel cell element for measurement purposes ensures continuous and smooth operation of the system. In each operating state of the fuel cell stack or the the voltage of the fuel cell element provided for measurement purposes is determined, this voltage always corresponding to an open circuit voltage of the fuel cell element due to the exclusive use for measurement purposes.
- the method according to the invention for determining the lambda value that the lambda value be concluded via the Nernst equation. This is possible because the open circuit voltage of the measurement cell fuel cell element follows Nernst's equation.
- the lambda value is furthermore determined as a function of the temperature of the at least one fuel cell element. Since in the determination of the lambda value, in particular in the determination by means of the Nernst equation, the measured voltage is highly temperature-dependent, a more precise determination can be achieved by including the temperature in the determination of the lambda value.
- the inventive method for lambda control of a reformer is based on the generic state of the art in that the lambda control is performed on the basis of lambda values, which are determined by the method according to the invention for determining the lambda value. In this case too, the determination of the lambda values can be carried out in a more operationally efficient manner than in the prior art.
- the device according to the invention for determining the lambda value is based on the state of the art of the prior art. by that the at least one fuel cell element is a terminal fuel cell element of the fuel cell stack, which is provided exclusively for measurement purposes, and the voltage provided for at least one consumer can be tapped off at the remaining fuel cell elements of the fuel cell stack.
- the advantages achieved in connection with the method described above can be achieved in a metaphorical manner.
- the means are suitable for closing the lambda value via the Nernst equation.
- the determination of the lambda value can take place here by direct evaluation of the Nernst equation, by means of suitable characteristics or any other suitable manner which is obvious to the person skilled in the art.
- a temperature sensor is provided with which the temperature of the at least one fuel cell element can be measured and a corresponding measured value can be fed to the means, so that the lambda value depends on the temperature of the at least one fuel cell - lenelements can be determined. Since in the determination of the lambda value, in particular in the determination by means of the Nernst equation, the measured voltage is strongly temperature-dependent, a more accurate determination of the lambda value can be achieved by providing a temperature sensor for determining the temperature of the fuel cell element provided for measurement purposes.
- the inventive system is based on the generic state of the art in that it is for carrying out the Lambda control comprises the inventive device for determining the lambda value.
- Figure 1 is a flow chart illustrating one embodiment of the methods of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram which illustrates an embodiment of the device according to the invention and of the system according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a fuel cell stack.
- steps S1 to S2 illustrated in FIG. 1 illustrate an embodiment of the method according to the invention for determining the lambda value
- steps S1 to S5 show an embodiment of the method according to the invention for lambda control of a reformer.
- a fuel cell element of a fuel cell stack having a plurality of fuel cell elements is provided exclusively for measurement purposes, ie it does not supply useful consumers but only measuring devices for determining measured values.
- this fuel cell element is electrically isolated from the remaining fuel cell elements so as to be used as a lambda probe.
- the remaining fuel Line elements are connected in series to provide a higher voltage that can be applied to one or more loads.
- embodiments are conceivable in which more than just a fuel cell element exclusively for
- Measuring purposes are provided, which may be connected in series with each other to provide a higher measurement voltage.
- step Sl the no-load voltage U 0 of the fuel cell element provided for measurement purposes is detected. This may be done by any means known to those skilled in the art, working analog and / or digital. Since this fuel cell element does not supply any loads, the detected voltage of this fuel cell element corresponds in each operating state of the load or the fuel cell stack to an open circuit voltage of this fuel cell element.
- step S2 the lambda value ⁇ i St is determined via the Nernst equation as a function of the open-circuit voltage U 0 and the current temperature T of the fuel cell element provided for measurement purposes. This is possible because the open-circuit voltage U 0 of a measurement cell fuel cell element follows the Nernst equation.
- step S2 the lambda value ⁇ i ⁇ t via the Nernst equation in dependence on the open-circuit voltage U 0 , without taking into account the temperature of the fuel cell element provided for measurement, determined.
- step S5 at least one actuator is actuated in response to the actuating signal S.
- One or more actuators may in particular be assigned to the reformer and vary, for example, the air and or fuel supply. If a plurality of actuators are provided, the actuating signal S preferably contains a plurality of information which is suitable for the respective actuation of an actuator.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram which illustrates both an embodiment of the device according to the invention and an embodiment of the system according to the invention.
- the device 24 according to the invention which can be implemented by hardware and / or software familiar to the person skilled in the art, is provided for determining the lambda value ⁇ i St of format 10.
- the reformate 10 is generated by a reformer 16 and fed to a fuel cell stack 12.
- the fuel cell stack 12 comprises a multiplicity of fuel cell elements, of which in the case shown a fuel cell element 14 is provided exclusively for measurement purposes, so that this fuel cell element 14 permanently supplies an idling voltage U 0 during operation of the fuel cell stack 12, even if the consumers 34 request a high performance.
- the device 24 comprises means 26 which evaluate the open-circuit voltage U 0 of the fuel cell element 14 and the temperature of the fuel cell element 14 currently measured by means of a temperature sensor 40 in order to determine the lambda value ⁇ i St.
- the temperature sensor 40 is optional, ie the lambda value ⁇ i st can also without Considering the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 40 can be determined.
- the means 26 determine the lambda value ⁇ is preferably via the Nernst equation.
- the means 26 provided for determining the lambda value can be realized by analog or digital circuits known to the person skilled in the art, in particular by hardware which cooperates with suitable software.
- the device 24 according to the invention is part of a system according to the invention generally designated 32, which in addition to the device 24 further comprises a reformer 16 for the conversion of fuel 20 and air 22 to reformate 10 and fed by the reformer 16 with reformate 10 fuel cell stack 12, the same time to the open circuit voltage U 0 of the fuel cell element 14 a
- the illustrated system further comprises an adder 28 which generates a control difference ⁇ from a lambda desired value ⁇ ao ii and the lambda actual value ⁇ i St.
- This control difference ⁇ is fed to a controller 30, which is likewise assigned to the system 32 and outputs one or more suitable actuating signals S as a function of the control difference ⁇ .
- the control signal S is fed to an actuator 18, which is part of the reformer 16.
- the actuator 18 may affect, for example, the supply of fuel 20 and / or air 22.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation which illustrates an embodiment of a fuel cell stack.
- the fuel cell stack 12 comprises a plurality of fuel cell elements 14, 36, which are held by a clamping frame 38.
- the fuel cell elements 14, 36 convert reformate and oxidant into electrical energy in a generally known manner.
- the fuel cell formed elements 14, 36 plate-shaped and have two through holes, which complement each other by stacking the fuel cell elements to two channels. About these channels reformate can be supplied and anode exhaust can be discharged.
- at least one terminal fuel cell element 14 is provided exclusively for measurement purposes and is electrically insulated from the remaining fuel cell elements 36.
- the terminal fuel cell element 14 is electrically connected to the means 26 for evaluating the open-circuit voltage U 0 and optionally for the evaluation of its temperature T.
- a terminal fuel cell element 14 may serve the two outermost fuel cell elements of the fuel cell stack 12.
- a plurality of terminal, ie outer, successive, fuel elements may be provided exclusively for measurement purposes.
- a load is electrically connected to the remaining fuel cell elements 36, for which purpose these fuel cell elements are connected in series in order to be able to supply a higher voltage.
- the voltage for the load 34 is tapped at the outermost of the remaining fuel cell elements 36.
- consumer as used herein includes any combination of one or more consumers connected in series and / or in parallel.
- the temperature sensor 40 for detecting the temperature of the fuel cell element 14 is arranged in contact with the fuel cell element 14. If the fuel cell element 14 is of identical design to the other fuel cell elements 36, then the temperature sensor can be glued, for example, to the outside of the fuel cell element 14. Alternatively, the temperature sensor 40, for example, in a recess of the fuel cell element 14 or in a recess of the clamping frame 38 ange- orders be. Not shown cables connect the temperature sensor 40 with the means 26th
- the means 26 can always determine the open circuit voltage U 0 of this fuel cell element 14 at the terminal fuel cell element 14, irrespective of the power consumption of the consumer 34 and in which case - Drive state, the fuel cell stack 12 is located.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006029451A DE102006029451B4 (de) | 2006-06-27 | 2006-06-27 | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und System zur Bestimmung des Lambdawertes von Reformat |
PCT/DE2007/001037 WO2008000218A1 (de) | 2006-06-27 | 2007-06-12 | Bestimmung des lambdawertes von reformat mithilfe einer brennstoffzelle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2033252A1 true EP2033252A1 (de) | 2009-03-11 |
Family
ID=38519788
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07764357A Withdrawn EP2033252A1 (de) | 2006-06-27 | 2007-06-12 | Bestimmung des lambdawertes von reformat mithilfe einer brennstoffzelle |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090246571A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2033252A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2009541953A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20090009282A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101479872A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2007264247A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0712588A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2653636A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006029451B4 (de) |
EA (1) | EA200870486A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008000218A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2336083A1 (de) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-22 | Topsøe Fuel Cell A/S | Gasgenerator und Verfahren zur Umwandlung eines Brennstoffs in ein sauerstoffarmen Gases und/oder wasserstoffangereicherten Gases |
DE102011088120A1 (de) | 2011-12-09 | 2013-06-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
DE102013221615A1 (de) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung |
DE102020202874A1 (de) | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-09 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erfassung eines Systemparameters mittels der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6893756B2 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2005-05-17 | General Motors Corporation | Lambda sensing with a fuel cell stack |
DE10313064A1 (de) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-10-28 | Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh | Gassensor und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gassensors |
DE10358933A1 (de) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-28 | Webasto Ag | Bestimmung des Lambdawertes von Reformat |
US7521140B2 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2009-04-21 | Eksigent Technologies, Llc | Fuel cell system with electrokinetic pump |
DE102004059647B4 (de) * | 2004-12-10 | 2008-01-31 | Webasto Ag | Verfahren zum Regenerieren eines Reformers |
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2006
- 2006-06-27 DE DE102006029451A patent/DE102006029451B4/de active Active
-
2007
- 2007-06-12 WO PCT/DE2007/001037 patent/WO2008000218A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-06-12 CA CA002653636A patent/CA2653636A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-06-12 JP JP2009516878A patent/JP2009541953A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-12 US US12/302,447 patent/US20090246571A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-06-12 BR BRPI0712588-7A patent/BRPI0712588A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-06-12 AU AU2007264247A patent/AU2007264247A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-06-12 EA EA200870486A patent/EA200870486A1/ru unknown
- 2007-06-12 CN CNA2007800216131A patent/CN101479872A/zh active Pending
- 2007-06-12 EP EP07764357A patent/EP2033252A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-12 KR KR1020087029302A patent/KR20090009282A/ko active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2008000218A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009541953A (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
AU2007264247A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
BRPI0712588A2 (pt) | 2015-05-26 |
KR20090009282A (ko) | 2009-01-22 |
DE102006029451A1 (de) | 2008-01-03 |
CN101479872A (zh) | 2009-07-08 |
US20090246571A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
EA200870486A1 (ru) | 2009-04-28 |
CA2653636A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
WO2008000218A1 (de) | 2008-01-03 |
DE102006029451B4 (de) | 2008-06-12 |
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