Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
  • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
  • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
  • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
  • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
  • H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
  • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
  • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
  • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
  • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
  • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
  • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
  • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of DC / DC converters and more particularly relates to a converter that can deliver a plurality of output voltages.
• DC / DC converters are well known in all types of industry. Many of these converters, which include a transformer to provide galvanic isolation, deliver a single output voltage which, depending on their configuration, is greater (in the case of the booster converter also known as boost) or lower (case of the buck converter also called buck) to the DC voltage delivered. at the primary of the transformer.
• boost boost
• buck case of the buck converter also called buck
• converters are known which deliver several output voltages.
• the secondary of the transformer has several windings to create positive voltages on auxiliary output channels in addition to the positive voltage delivered by the main output channel of the converter.
• these auxiliary secondary voltages are fixed and simply defined by the transformation ratio between the primary winding and the secondary windings of the transformer.
• the present invention therefore proposes a DC / DC converter which makes it possible to overcome this proportionality and also makes it possible to regulate the multiple output voltages delivered in addition to the main output voltage.
• a DC / DC converter comprising:. a transformer having a primary winding Np and at least a first NsI and a second Ns2 secondary windings, . a main output channel connecting the first secondary winding to a main output Vp and having a synchronous rectifier circuit, a first inductance L1 and a first capacitor C1,. an input channel connecting a DC supply voltage Ve to the primary winding and having a switching circuit controlled by a first pulse width modulator PWM1 for regulating the main output voltage by switching the current in the winding primary,.
• an auxiliary output channel connecting the second secondary winding to an auxiliary output Va and comprising an auxiliary rectifier circuit having a control switch M5, a freewheeling switch M6, a rectifying switch M3, a second inductance L2 and a second capacitor C2 ,. a second pulse width modulator PWM2 connected to the control switches M5 and freewheel M6 for controlling a conduction gap of these switches to regulate the auxiliary output independently of the main output, the rectifying switch M3 being controlled in synchronism with the synchronous rectifier circuit of the main track.
• said first pulse width modulator controlling said switching circuit may be disposed either at the primary of the transformer or at the secondary of the transformer and then isolated from said switching circuit by a galvanic isolation circuit.
• said synchronous rectifier circuit is self-controlled and may comprise a control switch M1 whose
• gate is connected to a first end of the first secondary winding and a freewheel switch M2 whose gate is connected to a second end of the first secondary winding or else it is simply controlled and can then comprise two switches Ml and M2 arranged in series respectively with a first winding portion NsIa and a second winding portion NsIb of the first secondary winding, these first and second winding parts having one end in common, the gates of each of these two switches being controlled from said switching circuit and in that said second secondary winding is constituted by a first winding part Ns2a and a second part winding Ns2b having one end in common, the two other ends of these two winding portions of the second secondary winding being connected to two synchronization switches M3, M4 controlled in parallel and in synchronism with the synchronous rectifier circuit.
• said switches are MOSFET transistors.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a first exemplary embodiment of a DC / DC converter with voltages multiple output according to the present invention
• FIG. 1A is a variant of FIG. 1 in which the switching circuit of the primary is controlled from the secondary
• FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the different signals available at the converter of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a DC / DC converter with multiple output voltages according to the present invention
• FIG. 3A is a variant of FIG. 3 in which the switching circuit of the primary is controlled from the secondary
• FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of the different signals available at the converter of FIG. 3. Detailed description of a preferred embodiment
• FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a DC / DC converter with multiple output voltages according to the invention.
• this converter comprises a transformer 10 whose primary winding Np is supplied in a conventional manner from a DC voltage Ve through a switching circuit 12 controlled by a first pulse width modulator (PWM1) loaded to regulate, in a closed loop, the main output voltage Vp of this converter received via a galvanic isolation circuit 14.
• PWM1 pulse width modulator
• This main voltage is available at the terminals of a first capacitor C1, one end of which is connected to an end of a first winding secondary NsI of the transformer through a first inductance L1 and whose other end forming a ground terminal is connected to the other end of the first secondary winding through a control switch M1.
• a freewheeling switch M2 is mounted between the other end of the capacitor C1 and the end of the secondary winding.
• these two switches are MOSFEET transistors and are mounted in synchronous rectifier autocontrolled with the gate of the switch M1 connected to the end of the secondary winding and the gate of the switch M2 connected to the other end of the secondary winding .
• the switching circuit 12 is controlled by the first pulse width modulator (PWM1) which is now located at the secondary of the transformer 10 and from which it is isolated by a conventional galvanic isolation circuit 16
• the converter also delivers an auxiliary output voltage Va across a second capacitor C2, one end of which is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 forming a ground terminal and the other end is connected to a end of a second inductor L2 whose other end is connected to one end of a second secondary winding Ns2 through a control switch M5.
• the other end of the second secondary winding is connected to the ground terminal through a rectifying switch M3 and a freewheeling switch M6 is connected between this ground terminal and the second end of the inductor L2.
• the switches M3, M5 and M6 are preferably MOSFEET transistors, the gate of the switch M3 being connected to the gate of the switch M1 so that these two switches are controlled in parallel in perfect synchronism and the gates of the switches M5 and M6 are controlled.
• a second pulse width modulator PWM2 post-synchronous control
• PWM2 post-synchronous control
• the signal RECM is the signal on the gate of the switch M1 which is also the output signal of the main channel before filtering.
• signal RECS is the signal at one end of the second secondary winding Ns2
• the signal Ph is the auxiliary output signal before filtering
• M2 the signal on the gate of the switch M2
• M5 and M6 the control signals of the gates of the M5 and M6 switches respectively.
• the main output voltage Vp is, as is known, regulated by the first modulator PWM1 that it is disposed at the primary (FIG. 1) or secondary (FIG. cyclic is adjusted to maintain this main output voltage at the desired level.
• the switch M3 is controlled as the switch M1 and the switch M5 is controlled by the second modulator PWM2.
• the switch M3 is blocked as is also the switch M1 so that no cross-conduction can occur due to the internal diodes of M5 and M6.
• M3 being self-controlled by the winding Ns2, the parasitic capacitance of M5 and M6 maintains M3 in conduction during the inversion of the voltage of the transformer (at the end of the energy transfer phase from the primary to the secondary) .
• the energy accumulated at the secondary level is then directly (and without limitation) reinjected at the primary level.
• M3 allows M5 to be a unidirectional switch only, which simplifies the realization of the converter.
• FIG. 3A A second exemplary embodiment of a DC / DC converter with multiple output voltages according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3.
• FIG. 3A A variant of this exemplary embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 3A.
• the regulation of the main output voltage Vp is no longer ensured by an autocontrolled synchronous rectifier but by a simple controlled synchronous rectifier, the first pulse width modulator (PWM1) responsible for regulating the voltage in a closed loop.
• main output Vp of the converter that can control both the switching circuit 12 and the control circuit 18 of the switches Ml and M2 from the primary ( Figure 3) or from the secondary ( Figure 3A) of the transformer 10 via the circuit of
• the main voltage is available at the terminals of a first capacitor C1, one end of which is connected to one end of a first part NsIa of a first secondary winding of the transformer through a first inductor L1 and whose other end forming a ground terminal is connected to the other end of this first part of the first secondary winding through the control switch Ml.
• the freewheel switch M2 is connected in series between the ground terminal and an end of a second part NsIb of the first secondary winding, the other end of which is connected to the end of the first part NsIa of the first secondary winding connected to the inductor L1.
• these two switches are MOSFEET transistors whose gates are controlled by the first modulator PWM1 as indicated above.
• the converter also delivers an auxiliary output voltage Va at the terminals of the second capacitor C2, one end of which is connected to the other end of the capacitor Cl forming a ground terminal and the other end is connected to one end of the second inductor L2 whose other end is connected to one end of a first portion Ns2a of the second secondary winding through the control switch M5.
• the other end of this first part of the second secondary winding is as in the previous embodiment connected to the ground terminal through the rectifying switch M3 and a freewheeling switch M6 is connected between this ground terminal and the second end. of inductance L2.
• the switches M3, M4, M5 and M6 are preferably MOSFEET transistors, the gate of the switch M3 being connected to the gate of the switch M1, the gate of the switch M4 being connected to the gate of the switch M2 and the gates of the switches M5 and M6 being controlled by the second modulator PWM2 which provides as previously the regulation of the auxiliary output voltage Va.
• the operation of the converter of FIG. 3 is deduced from the timing diagram of FIG. 4 which takes again the signals described above with reference to FIG.
• the voltage RECM is positive, the switch M1 is open and the switch M3 which is controlled by the same signal also. Switches M2 and M4 are blocked.
• RECM is equal to zero, the switch M2 is open and the switch M4 which is controlled by the same signal also.
• RECM is negative, switches M2 and M4 are open and switches M1 and M3 are off.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-06-14 FR FR0652127A patent/FR2902581B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-06-08 CN CNA2007800217613A patent/CN101467342A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-06-08 US US12/303,337 patent/US8031499B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-06-08 EP EP07823511A patent/EP2030311A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-06-08 WO PCT/FR2007/051395 patent/WO2008006992A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-06-08 CA CA002654143A patent/CA2654143A1/fr not_active Abandoned

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