EP2029951A1 - Procede de pilotage de bruleurs lateraux d'un four de rechauffage - Google Patents
Procede de pilotage de bruleurs lateraux d'un four de rechauffageInfo
- Publication number
- EP2029951A1 EP2029951A1 EP07788815A EP07788815A EP2029951A1 EP 2029951 A1 EP2029951 A1 EP 2029951A1 EP 07788815 A EP07788815 A EP 07788815A EP 07788815 A EP07788815 A EP 07788815A EP 2029951 A1 EP2029951 A1 EP 2029951A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burners
- furnace
- gik
- dik
- burner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
- F27B9/201—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path walking beam furnace
- F27B9/202—Conveyor mechanisms therefor
- F27B9/203—Conveyor mechanisms therefor having ramps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D2099/0085—Accessories
- F27D2099/0093—Means to collect ashes or dust, e.g. vessels
Definitions
- the invention relates to continuous steel reheating furnaces, and more particularly to the control of burners of such reheating furnaces.
- Steel reheating furnaces are used to heat steel semi-finished products such as slabs, billets, blooms, beam-blanks, and ingots to a suitable temperature in order to prepare these products for processing operations. rolling, forging, extrusion, or more generally to any other hot forming operation.
- the flames heat several steel products at a time, over the whole width of the oven during the progression of these, so that it is practically impossible to have different instructions from one product to another, thus prohibiting any flexibility in the use of the reheating furnace.
- the axial length of the vaulted noses or lower recesses corresponds to a length that is lost for heating, which de facto decreases the heating power. fage likely to be implemented for a given length.
- the structure of such ovens is relatively expensive, especially for ovens of great length, with the further risk of certain fragility of certain parts of the furnace, particularly in the area adjacent to vaulting noses, which fragility can induce a risk of breakage.
- vault burners which are also arranged in transverse rows by being integrated into the vault of the furnace.
- the advantage over the front burner arrangement is that the zone directly under the vault is heated, so that the iron and steel products are heated by radiation, without direct impact of the flames on the products. .
- This makes it possible to improve the homogeneity of the heating, and to obtain an operation all the more satisfactory that the reheating furnace is heavily filled with iron products to be heated.
- the vault burners have several drawbacks, the first of which is the emission of NOx pollutants resulting from the very hot flames emitted by the vault burners.
- vault burners Since the vault burners emit a substantially rotating flame around the burner axis, flame velocities generally remain low, so that some NOx confinement can not be avoided in the upper zone of the reheat furnace.
- use of vault burners is generally done with a common supply of all the burners of the same row or group of adjacent rows, so that it is impossible to decouple the burners. of vault. This lack of flexibility is particularly unfavorable when products of cross-section significantly less than the width of the furnace are introduced into the reheating furnace.
- the small steel products are generally arranged at the vertical vertical plane of the reheating furnace, so that the lateral zones adjacent to the side walls of the furnace constitute spaces without products to be heated, and consequently create at the level of these spaces overheating zones that can be dangerous, especially if the temperature in these side zones reaches temperatures of 1500 0 C, because there is then a risk of irreversible vitrification of the refractory material constituting the oven enclosure.
- the vault burners of the same row induce a thermal field which is essentially distributed in a vertical plane, so that it is excluded to be able to simultaneously heat several steel products.
- the lower burners by reference to the circulation level of the iron and steel products in the reheat furnace, however, pose problems in the areas of the furnace where the collimator which falls from the underside of the iron and steel products forms an overcrowding. excessive on the oven floor, this heap disturbing the action of the surrounding burners and hindering the flow of fumes.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a furnace F with tubular longitudinal members, of traditional design, which makes it possible to implement a heating of the iron products circulating in said furnace, concerning both the upper and lower ends of each of the products conveyed.
- the furnace F comprises a heat insulated enclosure 10 whose upper and lower walls (or hearth) are denoted 11 and 12, and the left and right walls, with reference to the direction of progression of the iron products marked P in the tunnel (direction indicated by the arrow 100), are noted 13 and 14.
- Figure 1 which is a section along II of Figure 2, illustrates various equipment associated with the conveyance of steel products in the tunnel, as well as other external equipment associated with the evacuation of fumes and control of the process, while the Figure 2, which is a section "along II-II of Figure 1, makes it possible to better distinguish the arrangement of side burners, here provided both at the upper and the lower level by reference to the level of conveyance of P steel products.
- the enclosure 10 includes an upstream charging zone 15 and a downstream diversion zone 16, which are equipped with doors not shown here.
- a charging system 17 causes the products P to be heated in the charging zone 15, and a diversion system 18 evacuates the heated products P at the level of the de-firing zone 16.
- the heating furnace is equipped with means conveyors noted 20 which make it possible to advance the steel products P inside the tunnel from upstream to downstream of said tunnel, said steel products being subjected to the action of the side burners to undergo the progressive warming desired at the same time. inside their mass.
- the steel products P are supported by movable spars 21 and fixed spars 22 arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction of the furnace.
- the movable spars 21 have pins 23 which pass through the bottom wall 12 of the furnace and are fixed on a sole 25 resting on a frame 26.
- the fixed spars 22 have bowling pins 24 which are anchored in the lower wall 12 of the oven enclosure.
- the frame 26 is equipped with a plurality of rollers 27, 28, respectively interposed between the frame 26 and the sole 25, and between the frame 26 and supports 29 with an inclined plane 29.1
- the upper rollers 27 are driven by means not shown here.
- an upstream chimney 31 for evacuation of flue gases has been illustrated, the outlet of which is connected to a network 32 for evacuating the smoke from combustion, these fumes being here discharged to energy recovery means, with for example a heat exchanger 33 transmitting the energy of the fumes, then discharged through a chimney 34, to the combustion air supplied by a fan 35 through the exchanger
- the process control is provided from a control center 38 which is connected in particular by a line 37 to different thermo-couples 36 integrated in the vault of the oven chamber, which are used to monitor the temperature. at different abscissae of the furnace in order to comply with a heating curve which is predetermined in function of the steel products concerned.
- the side burners on the oven F heat both the upper and lower sides the steel products P passing through the flames of said burners.
- the side burners on the oven F use a two-letter notation followed by a number, the first letter being G for a burner associated with the left side wall or D for a burner associated with the right side wall , and the second letter being S for a side burner associated with the upper level or I for a side burner associated with the lower level, the corresponding number for its index 1, 2, ... k, ... n of the row of burners substantially disposed in a common vertical plane, from upstream to downstream of the furnace.
- FIG. 3 shows a zone Z schematized in dotted line corresponding to the zone of interruption of the mobile spars, with an interlocking of the downstream ends of the upstream spars 21 between the upstream ends of the downstream spars 21 '.
- the heated steel products P have an alternation of superheated zones (at the level of the support on the longitudinal members) and of zones underheated (between the longitudinal members), so that the staggered arrangement makes it possible, during the transition, to heat up the under-heated zones and to heat the overheated zones less.
- a temperature profile corresponding to the curve T shown in FIG. 3 is then obtained, the amplitude of which is greatly reduced, which indicates a better homogeneity of the temperature in the products P.
- FIG. 4 which is a section along IV-IV of FIG. 3, therefore at the zone Z of lateral offset between the longitudinal members 21, 21 'supporting the steel products P, illustrates the formation of a heap noted C of FIG. calamine which fell from the underside of the products P on the hearth 12 of the oven F.
- the upper side burners GSk, DSk are shown in dotted lines because they are not directly concerned. Pair against, the lower side burners GIk, DIk, are themselves directly concerned. Indeed- fet, as the level of the accumulation of calamine C rises, the action of the lower burners GIk, DIk, and also, to a lesser extent, that of the lower burners which are directly adjacent to them, is disturbed, and the central zone of the rooms P is less well heated. The circulation of fumes is also hampered by the obstacle that is the accumulation of calamine C.
- the invention aims to design a method of controlling side burners of a steel reheating furnace to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, in particular to combat the formation of an excessive stack of scale on the oven floor.
- the invention also aims to design a method for controlling such side burners that takes into account the heat demand, it being for example very important when restarting the oven.
- a method of side burners of a steel reheating furnace comprising a plurality of side burners arranged to heat iron products circulating from one end to the other of said oven, characterized in that the piloting relates to the first and second burners being substantially opposite at least one pair of lower side burners, with reference to the level of circulation of steel products in the furnace, in a zone Z of the furnace corresponding to an accumulation of calamine falling from said products on the hearth of the furnace, the flame of said first and second burners being directed towards said accumulation of scale, and the piloting is such that the first and second burners are preferably alternately ignited, so that the alternation of the mechanical action exerted by their flame favors the spreading of the scale on the hearth of the furnace.
- the piloting of the first and second burners is independent of the control of the other side burners of the oven, and is only engaged when the accumulation of calamine on the hearth of the furnace induces a disturbance considered excessive, on the action burners adjacent to zone Z.
- the Z zone mentioned above may be a lateral offset zone between longitudinal members supporting the steel products, or a zone for turning the oven off.
- the piloting of the first and second burners is in impulse mode and depends on the heat demand of the pair of burners concerned, with, when said heating demand exceeds a predetermined threshold, a determined time of recovery during which the first and second burners of said pair are both turned on.
- the extinction of the second ignited burner of the pair concerned coincides substantially with the end of the cycle time between two successive ignitions of the first burner, so as to minimize the time of recovery during which the first and second burners are both on.
- the first and second burners of the pair concerned are ignited exclusively alternately during the entire cycle time.
- the first and second burners of the pair concerned are extinguished for a predetermined time after the extinction of the first ignited burner and before the ignition of the second burner extinguished. It can then be provided that the first and second burners of the pair concerned are extinguished for another determined time, or that the extinction of the second ignited burner of the concerned pair coincides substantially with the end of the cycle time between two successive ignitions of the first burner.
- the predetermined threshold associated with the heat demand is of the order of 50%.
- the first and second burners concerned are preferably sized to develop a heating power greater than that of the other side burners which only serve to heat the steel products circulating in the oven.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a tubular longitudinal string heating furnace of the traditional type, and FIG. 2 is a cross-section along the line II-II of FIG. 1 of this tubular string furnace;
- - Figure 3 is a top view of the oven in longitudinal section illustrating a zone Z lateral shift of spars, which is a preferred area for the calamine drop on the oven floor;
- - Figure 4 is a section on IV-IV of Figure 3 showing the accumulation of calamine in the central portion of the aforementioned Z zone;
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are sectional views similar to that of FIG. 4, illustrating the method of piloting according to the invention of the relevant pair of lower side burners, with the alternating mechanical action of the flames on the accumulation of calamine;
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams illustrating the control of the lower burners associated with the descaling, respectively in the case of a low heat demand and a high heat demand;
- the piloting process concerns the first and second burners essentially facing at least one pair of lower side burners in a zone Z of the furnace corre- spawning at an accumulation of calamine C falling from the steel products on the furnace floor, the flame of said first and second burners being directed towards said accumulation of scale, and the piloting is such that the first and second burners are ignited preferentially alternately , so that the alternation of the mechanical action exerted by their flame favors the spreading of calamine on the hearth of the furnace.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 there is thus illustrated such an alternating action of the descaling burners according to an essential characteristic of the invention.
- the first burner GIk is lit, and the second burner DIk is off.
- the flame of the burner GIk is directed on the accumulation of calamine C, and the mechanical action of this flame acts directly on a CG zone of the scale stack.
- the second burner DIk is lit, and the first burner GIk is off.
- the flame of the burner DIk is directed on the stack of C 7 calamine and the mechanical action of this flame acts directly on a CD zone of the scale stack.
- the descaling burners may be part of the reheat burners, with a dedicated piloting, or burners exclusively reserved for descaling, with a control that is independent of the control of the other side burners of the oven.
- the advantage of using burners specially dedicated to descaling is that we can provide burners sized to develop a higher heating power than the other side burners - which only serve to heat the iron products circulating in the oven. It will of course be possible to use more than one pair of burners dedicated to descaling, especially in areas with a high calamine concentration.
- the piloting of the descaling burners is only activated when the accumulation of scale on the hearth of the furnace induces a disturbance considered as excessive on the action of the burners adjacent to zone Z.
- the so-called "Zone Z" zone may be another zone of the furnace, in particular the region where the steel products are still subjected to a thermal and / or mechanical shock to a greater or lesser extent.
- control of the descaling burners GIk, DIk is in pulse mode, that is to say in all or nothing, and function of the heat demand of the pair of burners concerned.
- the "heat demand” corresponds to the ratio between the ignition time of a burner and the cycle time, which cycle time corresponds to the duration between two successive ignitions of the same burner, for example the first burner of the concerned burner pair.
- the control according to the heat demand makes it possible to take into account particular situations, for example a restart of the furnace for which the heat demand is very high, or in the event of accumulations of calamine which are variable because of the warming of products iron and steel industry.
- the piloting of the descaling burners imposes a lap time ⁇ t during which the first and second burners of the pair concerned are both switched on.
- FIGS. 7 to 11 illustrate various embodiments of such a pulse-mode control method, alternately, of descaling burners.
- the burner (s) being either on or off, the ignition corresponding to a constant ordinate for a determined duration and extinguishing at a zero ordinate.
- Qg the heating power
- Qd the heating power
- the term "low demand” means a heat demand (DC) which is below a predetermined threshold, for example of the order of 50%. Beyond this predetermined threshold, it will be considered that the heat demand (DC) is called “strong".
- the control will then be chosen such that the first and second burners of the or each upstream pair concerned are exclusively lit. alternately during the entire cycle time. There is then a time interval noted ⁇ ti during which the first and second burners of each pair are extinguished.
- the interval ⁇ ti which is more or less long, thus separates the extinction of the first burners ignited from the ignition of the second or burners extinguished.
- each gray rectangle corresponding to a lighting period of the burner or burners left or right is then longer than previously.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 respectively corresponding to a low heat demand and high heat demand (DC) operation, illustrate a control which is considered optimal in view of the simulations carried out by the applicant. It has thus been possible to design a control mode of the lower side burners associated with one or more areas of the oven with a high accumulation of scale on the sole of said oven which favors the spreading of the scale on said sole, and that according to the needs , while maintaining the maximum flexibility for the operation of the oven.
- the invention provides a substantial increase in the residence times between two furnaces. decalcifications of the reheating furnace, because the calamine takes longer to reach the maximum permissible filling level.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0604887A FR2901867B1 (fr) | 2006-06-01 | 2006-06-01 | Procede de pilotage de bruleurs lateraux d'un four de rechauffage |
| PCT/FR2007/000900 WO2007138194A1 (fr) | 2006-06-01 | 2007-05-31 | Procede de pilotage de bruleurs lateraux d'un four de rechauffage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2029951A1 true EP2029951A1 (fr) | 2009-03-04 |
| EP2029951B1 EP2029951B1 (fr) | 2016-04-27 |
Family
ID=37758697
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07788815.4A Active EP2029951B1 (fr) | 2006-06-01 | 2007-05-31 | Procede de pilotage de bruleurs lateraux d'un four de rechauffage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2029951B1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2576603T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2901867B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007138194A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10168514A (ja) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-23 | Nkk Corp | 鋼材の連続式加熱炉およびその操業方法 |
-
2006
- 2006-06-01 FR FR0604887A patent/FR2901867B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-05-31 ES ES07788815.4T patent/ES2576603T3/es active Active
- 2007-05-31 EP EP07788815.4A patent/EP2029951B1/fr active Active
- 2007-05-31 WO PCT/FR2007/000900 patent/WO2007138194A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007138194A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007138194A1 (fr) | 2007-12-06 |
| EP2029951B1 (fr) | 2016-04-27 |
| FR2901867B1 (fr) | 2008-08-08 |
| FR2901867A1 (fr) | 2007-12-07 |
| ES2576603T3 (es) | 2016-07-08 |
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