Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
  • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
  • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of the construction of buildings from prefabricated panels and more particularly concerns the prefabricated panel as such, the assembly of several panels together and the manufacturing processes of said panels and the construction of the building to from these prefabricated panels.
• the reinforced concrete is low cost, easy to implement, has a very good mechanical strength and is nonflammable but has the disadvantage of a high weight and poor thermal insulation.
• expanded polystyrene which is also low cost, has excellent thermal insulation, a very low weight but has the disadvantage of being flammable and having a very poor mechanical strength.
• a method consisting in mounting polystyrene panels on the construction site, placing a reinforcement around these panels and then spraying concrete on each of the polystyrene panel faces.
• Another method involves the installation of two parallel polystyrene panels used as formwork, the incorporation of spacers and metal reinforcements, then the pouring of concrete inside the space formed by the two panels, then the coating of the outer faces of the polystyrene with concrete.
• Yet another method is to use blocks of polystyrene in the form of blocks, to place metal reinforcements inside the cells of the blocks and to flow inside the concrete, the assembly then being externally covered with concrete.
• the present invention therefore aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a construction method combining the use of reinforced concrete and expanded polystyrene, simple implementation avoiding the creation of thermal bridges that affect the thermal insulation of manufactured walls.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a method of making walls for buildings at low cost and fully reproducible.
• Another object of the invention is therefore to design prefabricated panels and an assembly of these panels free of thermal bridges, while having a high mechanical strength and great lightness.
• the present invention therefore firstly relates to a prefabricated panel for building construction comprising a solid core of insulating material in the form of a plate covered on both sides with a uniform concrete layer characterized in that in said plate forming the core are formed:
• a first series of housings for reinforcing elements constituting amounts in the erected state of the panel on the ground, and projecting from at least one of their ends in order to grounding them, and
• a second series of housings for reinforcement elements extending between two parallel edges of the panel and projecting beyond these edges so as to constitute a belt element, the assembled state of said panel with adjacent panels.
• This prefabricated panel comprising connecting elements with adjacent panels makes it possible to achieve in a very rapid time the construction of buildings whose walls, including the outer walls, are made of such panels.
• the insulating material sheet is covered in the factory on both sides with a layer of concrete, the insulating material is masked and is not visible during construction.
• the application of concrete can be carried out flat in the factory, the thickness of these concrete layers is uniform and very reproducible from one panel to another. he It is therefore possible to guarantee for all panels identical properties in terms of mechanical strength or thermal insulation, for example.
• the first series of housings and the second series of housings formed in the plate forming the core of the panel are free of communication zone between them to prevent the formation of thermal bridges.
• the reinforcements arranged on one side are spaced apart from the reinforcing elements arranged on the other face of the core of insulating material.
• the housings are advantageously made in the form of grooves whose longitudinal axes are orthogonal from one series to another. These grooves may either be flush with the outer surface of the insulating material plate or open on the surface of this plate.
• the reinforcing elements are preferably metal elements.
• a trellis preferably metal, may be applied to or parallel to each face of the plate forming the core of the panel in close proximity thereto.
• the reinforcing elements can also serve as a support for this mesh.
• the dimensions of this mesh advantageously correspond to the surface of each of the faces of the plate.
• the panels of the panel are at least partially bevelled to fit the adjacent panels forming a miter assembly assembly, interrupted to provide a zone of free angle allowing the connection between the belt elements of two adjacent panels.
• a layer of concrete covers the beveled edge
• the core is expanded polystyrene, preferably high density, or rigid closed cell foam.
• the faces of the plate forming the core have, preferably striated surfaces, for a better adhesion of concrete thereon.
• the panel thus manufactured is of low cost, and has good mechanical strength and excellent thermal insulation.
• the core may be of significant thickness, this panel is very small weight compared to existing prefabricated panels. It is therefore easily transportable to construction sites. The reduced weight of these panels also limits the thickness of the foundations required to support these panels.
• the present invention also relates to an assembly of prefabricated panels for building construction as described above, the reinforcement elements extending between two parallel edges of the panel being housed in horizontal grooves formed in the core of the panel, on its turned side. to the outside of the building, so, after connecting the projecting ends of the reinforcing elements of adjacent panels, to form a horizontal belt of the construction, thereby constituting a self-supported type structure. Such a structure is stable, rigid and indeformable.
• the present invention also relates to a prefabricated panel manufacturing method as described above, comprising the following successive steps:
• the present invention also relates to a building construction method from such prefabricated panels, including the manufacturing method above, and further comprising:
• each panel and the sealing in the ground of the projecting ends of the reinforcing elements forming vertical uprights the housings of the belt elements being arranged horizontally on the face of the panel facing the outside of the building to be constructed
• a vertical armature preferably metal, which are secured to the projecting ends of the horizontal reinforcing elements.
• the walls thus made make it possible to adapt conventional roofs (frameworks and covers) and can be easily covered with a conventional finishing plaster.
• Openings such as doors and windows, can be arranged at the factory in said panel.
• the plate of insulating material constituting the core can also be cut or machined to provide ducts for electrical cables or pipes. All that remains is to carry out on the site the connections of these cables or pipes.
• the upper ends of the vertical reinforcing elements may protrude from the upper edge of the panel so as to constitute hooking elements (for example for slings) for handling and transporting said panel at the factory and on the construction site.
• These projecting ends may also allow the connection or attachment to said panel of various other building elements, including roof elements.
• the present invention also relates to a building constructed by the above method characterized in that the outer walls are constituted by an assembly of prefabricated panels as described above.
• FIG. 1 is a longitudinal top view of a panel according to the present invention
• Figure 2 is a partial top view of an assembly of three adjacent panels according to the present invention
• FIG. 3 is a front view of the assembly according to FIG. 2.
• a panel according to the present invention consists of a core 2, preferably expanded polystyrene, sandwiched between two layers 3A (outer layer) and 3B (inner layer) of concrete.
• the core 2 forms a plate which may itself consist of an assembly of polystyrene blocks bonded together, as visible in Figures 1 and 3, and referenced 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d ... (The words "inside” and “outside” are, throughout the text, reference to the positioning of the faces of the panel during the construction of the building).
• housing 4 parallel to each other consisting of grooves
• housing 7 On the outer face of the core 2, are cut housing 7 (horizontal when the panel is erected on the floor) for receiving the horizontal reinforcing elements 8.
• An outer lattice 9 is arranged parallel to the outer face of the plate forming the core 2. This lattice is connected by multiple connections 10 to the horizontal reinforcing elements 8, to hold it in place, in particular during pouring of the concrete, and remove it (from a short distance) from the outer face of the soul 2
• this concrete When the concrete of the layer 3A is poured on the outer face of the core 2, this concrete also fills the interstices left in the housing 7 around the reinforcing element 8 and coats the reinforcing element 8 and the outer trellis 9.
• the spacing of the inner 6 and outer 9 mesh of the respective faces of the polystyrene plate can also be achieved by means of ribs or bosses formed on the surface of said plate, so that the lattices are almost completely embedded in the concrete.
• the grooves serving as a housing for the metal reinforcements 5 and 8 may have various shapes, for example U-shaped, T-shaped, dovetailed, etc.: they also serve as molds for the concrete poured therein.
• the concrete preferably self-leveling, can be cast at once, or in several times; in the latter case, it is possible to use concretes of different natures.
• the reinforcing elements 5 and 8 may consist of a rod or a single profile, or advantageously, as in the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, an assembly of several rods (here four) connected between they by zigzag type spacers, such as conventionally on construction sites implementing reinforced concrete.
• the vertical slices of the panel 1 are partially bevelled 11, here at 45 °. This beveled shape 11 allows the panel 1, to be applied against two adjacent panels 21 or 22, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
• the left-angle zone then left free between two adjacent panels is a space for joining the elements horizontal reinforcement of two adjacent panels and bind them for example by welding them and / or a frame 13 positioned vertically as shown in Figure 2.
• Such a connection between two adjacent panels significantly stiffens the structure.
• a formwork 14 can be installed around the corner area 12 so as to pour concrete inside.
• openings 16, 17 may be provided in the entire panel so as to affix factory or on the site respectively windows or doors.
• the panel thus manufactured can be easily anchored in the ground 15, in particular by virtue of the lower projecting ends 18 of the reinforcing elements 5 forming vertical uprights and connected to construction elements such as roofing, by means of the upper projecting ends 19 of these same elements. reinforcement 5, which also serve as hooked during handling and transport of said panel.
• the horizontal reinforcing elements 8 forming belt of the construction are arranged, when there are openings provided for windows or doors, on either side of these openings in the vertical direction.
• Each panel may, by itself, constitute the entire wall of a building, the assembly of four panels according to the invention allows for example the four outer walls of a dwelling house, built so quickly.
• the composite walls made using the panels according to the present invention are both rigid and lightweight.
• the thickness of the polystyrene core may be for example of the order of 30 centimeters, the thickness of the inner and outer concrete layers 3A and 3B may be for example between 2 to 3 centimeters.
• the panel can be provided longitudinal housing formed in the upper and / or lower horizontal slices of the panel 1 and intended to receive beams, for example concrete.

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• 2006
  • 2006-06-14 FR FR0605297A patent/FR2902447B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-06-04 WO PCT/FR2007/000921 patent/WO2007144481A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2007-06-04 CN CN2007800222908A patent/CN101466905B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-06-04 BR BRPI0713427-4A patent/BRPI0713427A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-06-04 EP EP07788833A patent/EP2029827A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-06-04 US US12/304,230 patent/US20100024355A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-06-04 EA EA200802386A patent/EA015993B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-06-04 AU AU2007259110A patent/AU2007259110B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2007-06-04 JP JP2009514833A patent/JP2009540164A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2007-06-04 CA CA002655169A patent/CA2655169A1/fr not_active Abandoned
• 2008
  • 2008-11-27 ZA ZA200810126A patent/ZA200810126B/xx unknown
  • 2008-12-01 IL IL195617A patent/IL195617A0/en unknown
  • 2008-12-12 MA MA31471A patent/MA30512B1/fr unknown
  • 2008-12-12 TN TNP2008000514A patent/TNSN08514A1/fr unknown
  • 2008-12-14 EG EG2008122001A patent/EG25072A/xx active

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