EP2029322B1 - Verfahren und werkzeugmaschine zur bearbeitung eines optischen objekts - Google Patents

Verfahren und werkzeugmaschine zur bearbeitung eines optischen objekts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2029322B1
EP2029322B1 EP07788887.3A EP07788887A EP2029322B1 EP 2029322 B1 EP2029322 B1 EP 2029322B1 EP 07788887 A EP07788887 A EP 07788887A EP 2029322 B1 EP2029322 B1 EP 2029322B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machining
machining tool
tool
receiving surface
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07788887.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2029322A2 (de
Inventor
Alain Coulon
Jean-Pierre Chauveau
Alain Dubois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EssilorLuxottica SA
Original Assignee
Essilor International Compagnie Generale dOptique SA
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Publication of EP2029322A2 publication Critical patent/EP2029322A2/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/0012—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor for multifocal lenses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses, the tool or work being controlled by information-carrying means, e.g. patterns, punched tapes, magnetic tapes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/303752—Process

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of manufacturing optical objects, such as, for example, ophthalmic lenses, molds, or inserts.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a method of machining a face of such an optical object.
  • the machining of optical objects generally requires particular attention to the precision and regularity of the machined shapes. In particular, the machining defects related to the wear of the tool used for this machining must be avoided.
  • the document US5,231,587 discloses a lens machining machine comprising a spherical tool rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, called the first axis, this tool being more angularly oriental by its pivoting about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis.
  • a holder for supporting the lens is similarly arranged and allows a rotation of the lens about a third axis, coplanar with the first axis, and allows the angular orientation of the lens by pivoting about it. a fourth axis perpendicular to the third axis.
  • the object of the invention is to improve processes and machining devices whose accuracy is suitable for machining optical objects.
  • Such a method makes it possible to overcome the defects of the type of shape deviation of the machining tool. In the end, it guarantees a better respect of the machined surface and a better durability of the machining tool.
  • the process eliminates the defects of the machining tool by ensuring that the point of contact between this tool and the face to be machined is always located on the same parallel of the tool, and this on a machine having a turntable and a mobile machining tool in translation.
  • This method also allows a trajectory of the machining tool which involves, on the one hand, lower levels of acceleration and which is, on the other hand, devoid of problems of reversal of trajectory.
  • the axes of the machining machine do not need to be oversized and tool wear is more regular.
  • the invention relates to a machining machine adapted to the implementation of the method indicated above, characterized in that it comprises a turntable having a receiving surface, a machining tool spherical scope and a pin adapted to drive this machining tool in rotation about an axis substantially parallel to the receiving surface of the turntable and adapted to move the machining tool in translation in a plane substantially parallel to the receiving surface of the plate, and a support fixed on the plate so that this support projects transversely to the plate, this support comprising means for holding the optical object so that the machining face of the optical object is arranged transversely to the receiving surface of the turntable.
  • the machining machine shown comprises a rotating plate 1 (seen in profile in this figure) of circular shape.
  • This plate 1 is angularly orientable about an axis perpendicular to its center in both directions (arrow 2 of the figure 1 ).
  • the turntable 1 has a receiving surface 3 on its upper part.
  • a bracket 4 is fixed, for example by screwing, on the receiving surface 3 so that a mounting surface 5 of the bracket 4 protrudes perpendicularly to the receiving surface 3.
  • the bracket 4 comprises jaws (not shown) adapted to hold an optical object, which is in the present example an ophthalmic lens 6, such that a surface to be machined 7 of the ophthalmic lens 6 is disposed transversely to the receiving surface 3.
  • an optical object which is in the present example an ophthalmic lens 6, such that a surface to be machined 7 of the ophthalmic lens 6 is disposed transversely to the receiving surface 3.
  • This machining machine also comprises a pin 8 on which is mounted a machining tool 9, which is in this example a spherical bearing end mill.
  • the pin 8 is adapted to drive the tool 9 in rotation along the arrow 10 and to move the tool 9 in translation along the three directions X, Y and Z to allow the tool 9 to machine the entire surface 7 of the ophthalmic lens 6.
  • Pin 8 is here parallel to the Z axis.
  • the spindle 8 is inclined with respect to the Z axis.
  • the displacement of the tool 9 along the three directions X, Y and Z can be achieved by means of a pin 8 fixed and a turntable 1 which is itself movable in translation according to the X, Y and Z directions.
  • any combination of displacements of the tool 9 and the turntable 1 allowing such relative movement of the tool 9 and the turntable 1 can be alternatively accepted.
  • the surface to be machined 7, which is seen in plan on the figure 2 , here is machined according to a grooved path shown schematically by the line 11.
  • the machining is performed in the form of a series of passes of the tool 9 rotated and moved along a path parallel to the receiving surface 3.
  • the surface to be machined appears from the front like a disc, it being understood that the lens 6 is curved and that this surface to be machined 7 is therefore not flat.
  • the machining of the surface 7 of an ophthalmic lens 6 according to the mounting of the figure 1 is carried out as follows.
  • the relative angular position of the surface 7 with respect to the tool 9 is made according to the same predetermined parallel.
  • the figure 3 illustrates in three dimensions the relative positioning tool-part according to the same parallel P of the tool 9.
  • the tool 9 Before being mounted on the pin 8, the tool 9 is mounted on equipment for determining its dynamic profile.
  • This equipment is adapted to rotate the tool 9.
  • the dynamic profile of the tool is raised by example by placing the tool 9 between a parallel light beam and a screen so that the shadow of the tool 9 projected on the screen accounts for this dynamic profile 12, or by filming the tool 9 in rotation and by displaying this image on a screen.
  • the dynamic profile measurement equipment also makes it possible to work on this image, manually or electronically, and to make measurements and plots on this dynamic profile 12.
  • a parallel P is then chosen on this dynamic profile which appears in the figures in the form of a segment perpendicular to the axis of rotation 13 of the tool 9 around which the dynamic profile 12 is symmetrical.
  • This parallel P is determined by the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 13 of the tool 9 and the dynamic profile 12 of the tool 9.
  • the tangent 14 is determined at the contour of the dynamic profile at the point of intersection between one of the ends of the parallel P and the contour of the profile 12.
  • the perpendicular 15 to the tangent 14 at the point C intersects the axis of rotation 13 at a point R D which is the dynamic radius of the tool 9. This perpendicular 15 is therefore normal to the dynamic profile 12 at the point C.
  • the machining is then performed so that, on the one hand, the tool 9 is in contact with the surface to be machined always at the point C, that is to say, the tool being rotatable, always according to the same parallel P and that, on the other hand, the relative angular orientation between the tool and the surface to be machined is such that the normal N to the surface to be machined at the point of contact C passes through the point R D is that is, it is confused with the perpendicular 15.
  • the figure 5 shows two possible positions of the tool 9 along a surface to be machined 7 respecting the principles above.
  • the turntable 1 is angularly oriented so that the surface 7 comes to be placed in accordance with this figure 6 that is, so that the normal N at the surface 7 at the point of contact C passes through the center R D , which implies that the angle A is always kept between this normal N and the axis of rotation 13 of the tool 9.
  • Point-type machining is performed. That is to say that one always uses the same place on the spherical generator of the grinding wheel.
  • the set of ground / piece contact points will therefore form a circle contained in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the tool. The position of this plane relative to the wheel center is defined by the angle A.
  • the tool 9 is then moved in a path parallel to the receiving surface 3 of the turntable 1, that is to say in the X, Z plane.
  • the figure 7 shows another position of the tool 9 after displacement.
  • the turntable 1 has been oriented angularly, as before, so that the normal N 2 at the point C 2 passes through the point R D.
  • This angular orientation of the turntable 1 is as the tool 9 travels over the surface to be machined 7.
  • B - ⁇ + AT ⁇ r ⁇ c sin W U 2 + W 1 + AT ⁇ r ⁇ c sin sin A U 2 + W 2
  • the tool is thus used symmetrically on either side of the parallel P that has been chosen, which allows better predict and control this wear.
  • the tool 9 machines the surface 7 by attacking the material perpendicular to the path of movement of the tool 9, which makes it possible to overcome the machining defects inherent in the machining mode in which the material is either "swallowed” or “pushed back", when the tool attacks the material parallel to its path of travel.
  • the parallel P is chosen as a function of the shape of the surface to be machined 7 so that no portion of this surface 7 is inaccessible to this parallel P in view of the possible angular movements between the tool 9 and the turntable 1 , taking into account the size of pin 8.
  • the Figures 8A to 8C show the machining of the lens 6 by the tool 9 according to a first point C1 of contact (as on the figure 6 ), while the Figures 9A to 9C show the machining of the lens 6 by the tool 9 according to a second C2 contact point (as on the figure 7 ).
  • the machining machine may comprise two separate pins, a first pin for roughing and a second for finishing and semi-finishing of the optical object such as an ophthalmic lens, a mold or an insert.
  • the machining machine may further comprise a tool changer adapted to come to position a tool 9 on the spindle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer Fläche (1) eines optischen Objekts (6), umfassend einen Schritt des Bereitstellens einer Werkzeugmaschine, die ihrerseits umfasst:
    - eine Platte (1) für die Montage eines zu bearbeitenden Objekts, wobei diese Platte (1), die eine Aufnahmefläche (3) umfasst, winkelmäßig um eine Querachse der Aufnahmefläche (3) ausgerichtet werden kann;
    - ein Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) mit kugelförmiger Passung und einem Stift (8), der geeignet ist, dieses Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) in Rotation um eine Achse im Wesentlichen parallel zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1) mitzuführen, und der geeignet ist, dieses Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) translatorisch in einer Ebene im Wesentlichen parallel oder rechtwinklig zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1) zu verschieben;
    wobei dieses Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es außerdem die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    a) Befestigen eines Trägers (4) an der Platte (1) derart, dass dieser Träger (4) in Querrichtung von der Platte (1) vorsteht;
    b) Befestigen, am Träger (4), des zu bearbeitenden optischen Objekts (6) derart, dass die zu bearbeitende Fläche (7) in Querrichtung zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1) angeordnet ist;
    c) Bearbeiten der Fläche (7) mit dem Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) in einer Bahn im Wesentlichen parallel zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1), wobei die Platte (1) winkelmäßig in dem Maße der Bearbeitung derart ausgerichtet wird, dass das Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) mit der Fläche (7) immer in derselben vorherbestimmten Parallelen (P) in Kontakt steht, und dass ein vorherbestimmter Winkel (A) zwischen der Rotationsachse (13) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) und der Normalen (N) der Fläche (7) am Kontaktpunkt (C) mit dem Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) aufrechterhalten wird.
  2. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es außerdem die folgenden Schritte nach Schritt c) umfasst:
    - translatorisches Verschieben des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) in einer Richtung im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1).
  3. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es außerdem den folgenden ergänzenden Schritt umfasst:
    - Wiederholen von Schritt c).
  4. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es außerdem den folgenden Schritt vor Schritt c) umfasst:
    - Bearbeiten der Fläche (7) mit dem Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) in einer Bahn im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1), wobei die Platte (1) winkelmäßig in dem Maße der Bearbeitung derart ausgerichtet wird, dass das Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) mit der Fläche (7) immer in derselben vorherbestimmten Parallelen (P) in Kontakt steht, und dass ein vorherbestimmter Winkel (A) zwischen der Rotationsachse (13) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) und der Normalen (N) der Fläche (7) am Kontaktpunkt (C) mit dem Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) aufrechterhalten wird.
  5. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es außerdem, vor Schritt c), einen Schritt des Auftragens der dynamischen Kontur (12) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) umfasst.
  6. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Auftragen der dynamischen Kontur (12) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) durchgeführt wird, indem das Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) gegenüber Mittel zum Auftragen eines Profils geführt wird.
  7. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Auftragens der dynamischen Kontur des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) von einem Schritt des Auswählens einer vorherbestimmten Parallelen (P) gefolgt wird.
  8. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorherbestimmte Parallele (P) aus Ebenen ausgewählt wird, welche rechtwinklig zur Rotationsachse (13) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) sind und welche die dynamische Kontur (12) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) schneiden.
  9. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 7 und 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Auswählens einer vorherbestimmten Parallelen (P) von einem Schritt des Bestimmens des dynamischen Zentrums (RD) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) gefolgt wird.
  10. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Bestimmens des dynamischen Zentrums (RD) durch Bestimmen des Schnittpunkts zwischen der Normalen (15) zur dynamischen Kontur (12) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) an einem der Schnittpunkte zwischen der vorherbestimmten Parallelen (P) und der Kontur des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9), und der Rotationsachse (13) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) vorgenommen wird.
  11. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 und 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt c) durch winkelmäßiges Ausrichten der Platte (1) in dem Maße der Bearbeitung derart vorgenommen wird, dass die Normale (N) zur zu bearbeitenden Fläche (7) am Kontaktpunkt (C) zwischen dem Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) und der Fläche (7) durch das dynamische Zentrum (RD) des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) hindurchgeht.
  12. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach Anspruch 11,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Distanz zwischen dem Kontaktpunkt (C) und dem dynamischen Zentrum (RD) im Wesentlichen gleich ist dem dynamischen Radius des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9).
  13. Bearbeitungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es außerdem den folgenden Schritt umfasst:
    - Bearbeiten der Fläche (7) durch das Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) in einer Bahn parallel zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1) und in der Richtung entgegengesetzt zu jener von Schritt c), wobei sich das Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) in derselben Richtung dreht.
  14. Werkzeugmaschine, welche zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 geeignet ist, umfassend eine sich drehende Platte (1), umfassend eine Aufnahmefläche (3), ein Bearbeitungswerkzeug mit kugelförmiger Passung sowie einen Stift (8), der geeignet ist, dieses Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) in Rotation um eine Achse im Wesentlichen parallel zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der sich drehenden Platte (1) mitzuführen, und der geeignet ist, dieses Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) translatorisch in einer Ebene im Wesentlichen parallel zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1) zu verschieben, sowie einen Träger (4), an der Platte (1) derart befestigt ist, dass dieser Träger (4) in Querrichtung von der Platte (1) vorsteht, wobei dieser Träger (4) Mittel zum Halten des optischen Objekts (6) derart umfasst, dass die zu bearbeitende Fläche (7) des optischen Objekts (6) in Querrichtung zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der sich drehenden Platte (1) angeordnet ist.
  15. Werkzeugmaschine nach Anspruch 14,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stift (8) ferner geeignet ist, das Bearbeitungswerkzeug (9) translatorisch in einer Richtung im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Aufnahmefläche (3) der Platte (1) zu verschieben.
  16. Werkzeugmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 14 und 15,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese außerdem Mittel zum Mitführen des Bearbeitungswerkzeugs (9) in Rotation umfasst, die gegenüber den Mitteln zum Auftragen einer Kontur angeordnet sind.
EP07788887.3A 2006-06-22 2007-06-13 Verfahren und werkzeugmaschine zur bearbeitung eines optischen objekts Active EP2029322B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0605622A FR2902683B1 (fr) 2006-06-22 2006-06-22 Procede et machine d'usinage pour objet optique.
PCT/FR2007/000982 WO2007147958A2 (fr) 2006-06-22 2007-06-13 Procédé et machine d'usinage pour objet optique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2029322A2 EP2029322A2 (de) 2009-03-04
EP2029322B1 true EP2029322B1 (de) 2019-02-20

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EP07788887.3A Active EP2029322B1 (de) 2006-06-22 2007-06-13 Verfahren und werkzeugmaschine zur bearbeitung eines optischen objekts

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Country Link
US (1) US8118642B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2029322B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2007262926B2 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0713386B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2655636C (de)
FR (1) FR2902683B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2007147958A2 (de)

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CN107000155B (zh) * 2014-10-03 2020-04-14 兹科有限公司 用于将工件成形的方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007147958A2 (fr) 2007-12-27
AU2007262926A1 (en) 2007-12-27
WO2007147958A8 (fr) 2008-06-05
EP2029322A2 (de) 2009-03-04
AU2007262926B2 (en) 2013-02-14
FR2902683B1 (fr) 2008-10-10
BRPI0713386A2 (pt) 2012-04-03
US8118642B2 (en) 2012-02-21
BRPI0713386A8 (pt) 2018-07-31
FR2902683A1 (fr) 2007-12-28
US20090304472A1 (en) 2009-12-10
CA2655636A1 (fr) 2007-12-27
BRPI0713386B1 (pt) 2019-03-26
CA2655636C (fr) 2014-08-05
WO2007147958A3 (fr) 2008-01-31

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