EP2027106A2 - Antagonistes du récepteur du cgrp - Google Patents

Antagonistes du récepteur du cgrp

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Publication number
EP2027106A2
EP2027106A2 EP07796082A EP07796082A EP2027106A2 EP 2027106 A2 EP2027106 A2 EP 2027106A2 EP 07796082 A EP07796082 A EP 07796082A EP 07796082 A EP07796082 A EP 07796082A EP 2027106 A2 EP2027106 A2 EP 2027106A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compound according
alkyl
ring
aliphatic
optionally substituted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP07796082A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Corey Gutierrez
Andreas Termin
Sara Hadida-Ruah
Pramod Joshi
Daniele Bergeron
Sanghee Yoo
Hayley Binch
Jon Come
Suganthi Nanthakumar
Jingrong Cao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc
Original Assignee
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc
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Application filed by Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc filed Critical Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc
Publication of EP2027106A2 publication Critical patent/EP2027106A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C07D277/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D277/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/10—Spiro-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D498/10—Spiro-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
    • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D513/10—Spiro-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to CGRP receptor antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods therewith for treating CGRP receptor-mediated diseases and conditions.
  • CGRP Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
  • CGRP is a naturally occurring 37-amino acid peptide that is generated by tissue-specific alternate processing of calcitonin messenger RNA and is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system.
  • CGRP is localized predominantly in sensory afferent and central neurons and mediates several biological actions, including vasodilation.
  • CGRP is expressed in alpha- and beta-forms that vary by one and three amino acids in the rat and human, respectively.
  • CGRP-alpha and CGRP -beta display similar biological properties.
  • CGRP When released from the cell, CGRP initiates its biological responses by binding to specific cell surface receptors that are predominantly coupled to the activation of adenylyl cyclase.
  • CGRP receptors have been identified and pharmacologically evaluated in several tissues and cells, including those of brain, cardiovascular, endothelial, and smooth muscle origin.
  • CGRP is a potent vasodilator that has been implicated in the pathology of cerebrovascular disorders such as migraine and cluster headache.
  • elevated levels of CGRP in the jugular vein were found to occur during migraine attacks (Goadsby et al., Ann. Neurol., 1990, 28, 183-187).
  • CGRP activates receptors on the smooth muscle of intracranial vessels, leading to increased vasodilation, which is thought to be the major source of headache pain during migraine attacks (Lance, Headache Pathogenesis: Monoamines, Neuropeptides, Purines and Nitric Oxide, Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1997, 3-9).
  • the middle meningeal artery the principle artery in the dura mater, is innervated by sensory fibers from the trigeminal ganglion which contain several neuropeptides, including CGRP.
  • Trigeminal ganglion stimulation in the cat resulted in increased levels of CGRP 5 and in humans, activation of the trigeminal system caused facial flushing and increased levels of CGRP in the external jugular vein (Goadsby et al., Ann. Neurol., 1988, 23, 193-196).
  • CGRP receptor antagonist BIBN 4096 BS was reported to be effective in treating acute attacks of migraine (Olesen et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 2004, 350:1104-1110).
  • CGRP-mediated vasodilation of rat middle meningeal artery was shown to sensitize neurons of the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Williamson -et al., The CGRP Family: Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), Amylin, and Adrenomedullin, Austin Bioscience, 2000, 245- 247).
  • CGRP Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
  • Amylin Amylin
  • Adrenomedullin Ranacet al.
  • a CGRP antagonist may be beneficial in attenuating, preventing or reversing the effects of neuronal sensitization.
  • CGRP antagonists useful pharmacological agents for disorders that involve CGRP in humans and animals, but particularly in humans.
  • disorders include migraine and cluster headache (Doods, Curr. Opin. Inves. Drugs, 2001, 2 (9), 1261-1268; Edvinsson et al., Cephalalgia, 1994, 14, 320-327); chronic tension type headache (Ashina et al., Neurology, 2000, 14, 1335- 1340); pain (Yu et al., Eur. J.
  • Urology 2001, 166, 1720-1723
  • allergic dermatitis Wallengren, Contact Dermatitis, 2000, 43 (3), 137-143
  • psoriasis encephalitis, brain trauma, ischaemia, stroke, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases (Rohrenbeck et al., Neurobiol. of Disease 1999, 6, 15-34); skin diseases (Geppetti and Holzer, Eds., Neurogenic Inflammation, 1996, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FIa.), neurogenic cutaneous redness, skin rosaceousness and erythema; tinnitus (Herzog et al., J.
  • the present invention relates to compounds that are useful as ligands for CGRP receptors, in particular antagonists of CGRP receptors, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and uses therewith.
  • the present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions thereof and uses therewith.
  • compounds of the invention may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents, such as are illustrated generally above, or as exemplified by particular classes, subclasses, and species of the invention. It will be appreciated that the phrase “optionally substituted” is used interchangeably with the phrase “substituted or unsubstituted.” In general, the term “substituted”, whether preceded by the term “optionally” or not, refers to the replacement of hydrogen radicals in a given structure with the radical of a specified substituent.
  • an optionally substituted group may have a substituent at each substitutable position of the group, and when more than one position in any given structure may be substituted with more than one substituent selected from a specified group, the substituent may be either the same or different at every position.
  • Combinations of substituents envisioned by this invention are preferably those that result in the formation of stable or chemically feasible compounds.
  • stable refers to compounds that are not substantially altered when subjected to conditions to allow for their production, detection, and preferably their recovery, purification, and use for one or more of the purposes disclosed herein.
  • a stable compound or chemically feasible compound is one that is not substantially altered when kept at a temperature of 40 0 C or less, in the absence of moisture or other chemically reactive conditions, for at least a week.
  • aliphatic or "aliphatic group”, as used herein, means a straight-chain (i.e., unbranched) or branched, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon chain that is completely saturated or that contains one or more units of unsaturation, or a monocyclic hydrocarbon or bicyclic hydrocarbon that is completely saturated or that contains one or more units of unsaturation, but which is not aromatic (also referred to herein as “carbocycle” "cycloaliphatic” or “cycloalkyl”), that has a single point of attachment to the rest of the molecule.
  • aliphatic groups contain 1-20 aliphatic carbon atoms.
  • aliphatic groups contain 1-10 aliphatic carbon atoms. In other embodiments, aliphatic groups contain 1-8 aliphatic carbon atoms. In still other embodiments, aliphatic groups contain 1-6 aliphatic carbon atoms, and in yet other embodiments aliphatic groups contain 1 -4 aliphatic carbon atoms.
  • cycloaliphatic refers to a monocyclic C3-Cg hydrocarbon or bicyclic or tricyclic Cs-Ci 4 hydrocarbon that is completely saturated or that contains one or more units of unsaturatio ⁇ , but which is not aromatic, that has a single point of attachment to the rest of the molecule wherein any individual ring in said bicyclic ring system has 3-7 members.
  • Suitable aliphatic groups include, but are not limited to, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl groups and hybrids thereof such as (cycloalkyl)alkyl, (cycloalkenyl)alkyl or (cycloalkyl)alkenyl.
  • Suitable cycloaliphatic groups include cycloalkyl, bicyclic cycloalkyl (e.g., decalin), bridged bicycloalkyl such as norbornyl or [2.2.2]bicyclo-octyl, or bridged tricyclic such as adamantyl.
  • heteroaliphatic means aliphatic groups wherein one or two carbon atoms are independently replaced by one or more of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, or silicon. Heteroaliphatic groups may be substituted or unsubstituted, branched or unbranched, cyclic or acyclic, and include "heterocycle”, “heterocyclyl”, “heterocycloaliphatic”, or “heterocyclic” groups.
  • heterocycle means non-aromatic, monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic ring systems in which one or more ring atom is an independently selected heteroatom.
  • the "heterocycle”, “heterocyclyl”, “heterocycloaliphatic”, or “heterocyclic” group has three to fourteen ring members in which one or more ring members is a heteroatom independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, or phosphorus, and each ring in the system contains 3 to 7 ring members.
  • haloaliphatic and haloalkoxy means aliphatic or alkoxy, as the case maybe, substituted with one or more halo atoms.
  • halogen or "halo” means F, Cl, Br, or I.
  • haloaliphatic include -CHF 2 , -CH 2 F, -CF 3 , -CF 2 -, or perhaloalkyl, such as, -CF 2 CF 3 .
  • aryl used alone or as part of a larger moiety as in “aralkyl”, “aralkoxy”, or “aryloxyalkyl”, refers to monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic ring systems having a total of five to fourteen ring members, wherein at least one ring in the system is aromatic and wherein each ring in the system contains 3 to 7 ring members.
  • aryl may be used interchangeably with the term “aryl ring”.
  • aryl also refers to heteroaryl ring systems as defined hereinbelow.
  • heteroaryl used alone or as part of a larger moiety as in “heteroaralkyl” or “heteroarylalkoxy”, refers to monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic ring systems having a total of five to fourteen ring members, wherein at least one ring in the system is aromatic, at least one ring in the system contains one or more heteroatoms, and wherein each ring in the system contains 3 to 7 ring members.
  • heteroaryl may be used interchangeably with the term “heteroaryl ring” or the term “heteroaromatic”.
  • An aryl (including aralkyl, aralkoxy, aryloxyalkyl and the like) or heteroaryl (including heteroaralkyl and heteroarylalkoxy and the like) group may contain one or more substituents.
  • Optional substituents on the aliphatic group of R° are selected from NH 2 , NH(C]. 4 aliphatic), N(Ci -4 aliphatic) 2 , halo, C i ⁇ aliphatic, OH, O(Ci- 4 ali ⁇ hatic), NO 2 , CN, CO 2 H, CO 2 (C ⁇ aliphatic), 0(ImIoCi -4 aliphatic), or haloCj ⁇ aliphatic, wherein each of the foregoing C ⁇ aliphatic groups of R° is unsubstituted.
  • Optional substituents on the aliphatic group of R are selected from NH 2 , NH(Ci -4 aliphatic), N(Ci -4 aliphatic)2, halo, Ci -4 aliphatic, OH 3 0(Ci -4 aliphatic), NO 2 , CN, CO 2 H 5 CO 2 (Ci -4 aliphatic), O(halo C, 4 aliphatic), or halo(C M aliphatic), wherein each of the foregoing C [ ⁇ aliphatic groups of R * is unsubstituted.
  • Optional substituents on the aliphatic group or the phenyl ring of R + are selected from NH 2 , NH(C M aliphatic), N(Cj -4 aliphatic) 2 , halo, C ]-4 aliphatic, OH, 0(Ci -4 aliphatic), NO 2 , CN, CO 2 H, CO 2 (C] -4 aliphatic), O(halo C] -4 aliphatic), or halo(C]. 4 aliphatic), wherein each of the foregoing Ci ⁇ aliphatic groups ofR + is unsubstituted.
  • spirocyclic ring system refers to a moiety comprising two or more rings, wherein at least one ring has two points of attachment to another ring through a common carbon ring atom.
  • two independent occurrences of R° are taken together with the atom(s) to which each variable is bound to form a 3-8-membered cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl ring having 0-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.
  • Exemplary rings that are formed when two independent occurrences of R° (or R + , or any other variable similarly defined herein) are taken together with the atom(s) to which each variable is bound include, but are not limited to the following: a) two independent occurrences of R° (or R + , or any other variable similarly defined herein) that are bound to the same atom and are taken together with that atom to form a ring, for example, N(R°) 2 , where both occurrences of R° are taken together with the nitrogen atom to form a piperidin-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, or morpholin-4-yl group; and b) two independent occurrences of R 0 (or R + , or any other variable similarly defined herein) that are bound to different atoms and are taken together with both of those atoms to form a ring, for example where a phenyl group is
  • oxygen containing ring It will be appreciated that a variety of other rings can be formed when two independent occurrences of R 0 (or R + , or any other variable similarly defined herein) are taken together with the atom(s) to which each variable is bound and that the examples detailed above are not intended to be limiting.
  • structures depicted herein are also meant to include all isomeric (e.g., enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (or conformational)) forms of the structure; for example, the R and S configurations for each asymmetric center, (Z) and (E) double bond isomers, and (Z) and (E) conformational isomers. Therefore, single stereochemical isomers as well as enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (or conformational) mixtures of the present compounds are within the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, all tautomeric forms of the compounds of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
  • structures depicted herein are also meant to include compounds that differ only in the presence of one or more isotopically enriched atoms.
  • compounds having the present structures except for the replacement of hydrogen by deuterium or tritium, or the replacement of a carbon by a 13 C- or 14 C-enriched carbon are within the scope of this invention.
  • Such compounds are useful, for example, as analytical tools or probes in biological assays.
  • aryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic- and similar such terms mean that the aryl group is linked to the core molecule by a Cl to C6 aliphatic linker.
  • aryl-C2- alkyl- means a -CH 2 CH 2 Ph group or a phenylethyl group is attached to the core molecule.
  • the present invention provides compounds of formula I:
  • X is S, SO, or SO 2 ;
  • Z 1 is a bond or NR 7 , O, S, CH 2 , C(O), OrNR 7 C(O)NR 7 , wherein R 7 is hydrogen, Cl- C4 aliphatic or C(O)Cl -C4 aliphatic;
  • Z 2 is a bond, O, CH 2 O, or C(O);
  • ring A is phenyl or a 4-7 membered heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring or a 10-14 membered bicyclic heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring, wherein said heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring has 1-4 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S; wherein ring A is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 1 substituents; wherein:
  • Z 2 is a bond
  • Z 1 is a bond
  • Z 1 , Z 2 , and R 6 are absent, ring A is not aromatic, and ring A together with ring B form a spirocyclic ring system;
  • R 6 is hydrogen or C1-C4 aliphatic; m is 1-3; n is 1-3; provided that m+n is ⁇ 4;
  • R ⁇ is aryl, heteroaryl, cycloaliphatic, C1-C6 aliphatic, aryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, heteroaryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, heterocyclyl-Cl-C6 aliphatic- or cycloaliphatic-Cl-C6 aliphatic-; wherein R ⁇ is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 2 substituents;
  • R x is hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, C1-C6 aliphatic, aryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, heteroaryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, wherein R x is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 3 substituents; or two R x , taken together with the carbon atom that they are attached to, form a 3-9 membered monocyclic, a 9-14 membered bicyclic, or a 12-14 membered tricyclic aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring system wherein each heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring has up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N; wherein said ring system formed by two R is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 4 substituents; R z is absent, hydrogen, CN, C1-C6 aliphatic, halo-Cl-C6 aliphatic, O-C1-C6 aliphatic, O-(halo-Cl-C6
  • Z 2 is a bond
  • R 6 is hydrogen
  • Z 1 is a bond
  • Z 2 is a bond
  • R 6 is hydrogen
  • Z 1 is NR 7 , O, S, CH 2 , C(O), OrNR 7 C(O)NR 7 .
  • Z 2 -R ⁇ is other than hydrogen and Z 1 is a bond.
  • Z 2 -R 6 is other than hydrogen and Z 1 is NR 7 , O, S, CH 2 , C(O) 5 Or NR 7 C(O)NR 7 .
  • R z if present, is C1-C6 alkyl, halo-Cl-C6 alkyl- or - O-Cl -C6 alkyl.
  • R z if present, is fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl,
  • At least one R w is C1-C6 alkyl, halo-Cl-C6 alkyl or
  • At least one R w is fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl,
  • one R w is hydrogen and the other R w is C1-C6 alkyl, halo-Cl-C6 alkyl- or -O-C1-C6 alkyl.
  • one of R w is hydrogen and the other R w is fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OMe or OEt.
  • R ⁇ is C1-C6 aliphatic optionally substituted with one or more halo, OH, -Cl -C4 alkoxy, -Cl -C4 alkoxy carbonyl, or di-(Cl-C4 alkyl) amino-.
  • R ⁇ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl,
  • R ⁇ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl,
  • R ⁇ is C3-C8 cycloaliphatic or a C3-C8 cycloaliphatic substituted Cl -C6 aliphatic-.
  • R ⁇ is C3-C6 cycloalkyl or a C3-C6 cycloalkyl substituted Cl -C6 alkyl-.
  • R ⁇ is cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl-, cyclopropylmethyl-, or cyclohexylethyl-.
  • R ⁇ is pyridyl (C1-C6)- alkyl-, tetrahydrofuranyl
  • R ⁇ is phenyl or (phenyl)-substituted C1-C6 aliphatic- each optionally substituted with up to 5 R 2 substituents independently selected from halogen or a 5-6 membered heterocyclyl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, or
  • R ⁇ is phenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, benzyl, 4- fluorophenylmethyl-, 4-morpholinophenyl-, 2-piperidinylphenyl- or phenylethyl-.
  • one R is hydrogen and the other R is an aryl or heteroaryl ring optionally substituted with up to 5 R 3 substituents independently selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, phenyl, halogen, C3-C6 cycloaliphatic or a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring wherein said heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with up to 3 R u substituents wherein said heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring has up to three heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S.
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is phenyl or pyridyl with up to 2 R substituents independently selected from halogen or a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring wherein said heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with up to 2 R u substituents wherein said heterocyclic ring has up to three heteroatoms selected from N, O, or
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is phenyl substituted with a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring in the 2 position and a halogen in the 3 position.
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is phenyl, or phenyl substituted with piperazine, 4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-ethyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-propyl- piperazin-lyl, 4-butyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-isopropyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-/-butylpiperazin-lyl, 4- cyclopropylpiperazin-1-yl, 4-f-butoxycarbonyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-hydroxy-piperidinyl, 4- ethoxycarbonyl-piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, l-//-pyrazol-l-yl, imidazol-1-yl, pyrrolidin-
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is pyridyl, or pyridyl substituted with piperazine, 4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-ethyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-propyl- piperazin-lyl, 4-butyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-isopropyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-f-butylpiperazin-lyl, 4- cyclopropylpiperazin-1-yl, 4- ⁇ -butoxycarbonyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-hydroxy-piperidinyl, A- ethoxycarbonyl-piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, l-/7-pyrazol-l-yl, imidazol-1-yl, pyrrolidin-
  • one R is hydrogen and the other R is phenyl or heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from
  • C1-C6 aliphatic cyano, halo, halo-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, aryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, heteroaryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, aralkyloxy, di(Cl-C6 aliphatic)amino-, -O-C1-C6 aliphatic, -S(O)-C1-C6 aliphatic, or -S(O) 2 -Cl-Co aliphatic.
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is a C3-C7 cycloaliphatic or a heterocycloaliphatic ring optionally substituted with up to five R 3 substituents and having up to three heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein said ring is optionally fused to one or more phenyl or heteroaryl rings.
  • said R x is selected from cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, tetrahydro-2i ⁇ -thiopyranyl, 9 ⁇ -ftuoren-9- yl or piperidinyl.
  • two R x taken together with the carbon atom that they are attached to, form a 3-9 membered monocyclic, a 9-14 membered bicyclic, or a 12-14 membered tricyclic aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring system wherein each heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring has up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N; wherein said ring system formed by two R x is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 4 substituents.
  • said ring system is selected from 9H-fluroen-9-yl, tetrahydro-2//-pyran-4-yl, tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclohexenyl, piperidinyl, or l-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl.
  • said compound is of formula I-A:
  • ring A is a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring that forms a spirocyclic ring system with said piperidine ring through carbon atom C A , wherein ring A is optionally fused with a phenyl or heteroaryl ring that is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 1 substituents; wherein said ring A, in addition to the nitrogen ring atom, has up to two additional ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S; wherein ring A, in addition to the oxo group, is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 1 substituents;
  • R 1 , R x , R ⁇ , R z , R w , and X are as defined herein. 7
  • IInn oonnee eemmbbooddiimmeen ⁇ t of formula I-A, R z if present, is fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl,
  • At least one R w is C1-C6 alkyl, halo-Cl-C6 alkyl- or -O-Cl-C6 alkyl.
  • At least one R w is fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl,
  • one R w is hydrogen and the other R w is fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OMe or OEt.
  • R ⁇ is C1-C6 aliphatic optionally substituted with one or more halo, OH, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkoxy carbonyl, or di-(Cl-C4 alkyl) amino-.
  • R ⁇ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t- butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-butyl, 3-methyl-butyl, 2-methyl-propyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl, 3- ethoxypropyl, l-(methoxy carbonyl)-3 -methyl-butyl, 1 -(hydroxy methyl)-3-methyl-butyl, allyl, acetenyl, 2-(diethylammo)ethyl, 1 -methyl-2-methoxy-ethyl, 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl- propyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoro-propyl, or 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propyl.
  • R ⁇ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t- butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-butyl, 3-methyl-butyl or 2-methyl-pro ⁇ yl.
  • R ⁇ is C3-C8 cycloaliphatic or a C3-C8 cycloaliphatic substituted C1-C6 aliphatic-.
  • R ⁇ is C3-C6 cycloalkyl or a C3-C6 cycloalkyl substituted C1-C6 alkyl-.
  • R ⁇ is cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl-, cyclopropylmethyl-, or cyclohexylethyl-.
  • R ⁇ is pyridyl (Cl -C6) alkyl-, tetrahydrofuranyl
  • R ⁇ is tetrahydrofuran-2-yl-methyl-, pyridm-3-yl- methyl-, ⁇ yridin-4-yl-ethyl-, pyridin-2-yl -ethyl-, pyridin-4-yl-methyl-, lH-indazol-5-yl, or 2-
  • R Y is phenyl or (phenyl)-substituted C1-C6 aliphatic- optionally substituted with up to 5 R 2 substituents independently selected from halogen or a 5-6 membered heterocyclyl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, or
  • R ⁇ is phenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, benzyl, 4- fluorophenylmethyl-, 4-morpholinophenyl- 5 2-piperidinylphenyl- or phenylethyl-.
  • R x is hydrogen and the other R x is an aryl or heteroaryl ring optionally substituted with up to 5 R 3 substituents independently selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, phenyl, halogen, C3-C6 cycloaliphatic or a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring with up to 3 R ⁇ substituents wherein said heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring has up to three heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S.
  • one R is hydrogen and the other R is phenyl or pyridyl with up to 2 R 5 substituents independently selected from halogen or a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring with up to 2 R u substituents wherein said heterocyclic ring has up to three heteroatoms selected from N, O 3 or S.
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is phenyl substituted with a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring in the 2 position and a halogen in the 3 position.
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is phenyl, or phenyl substituted with piperazine, 4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-ethyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-propyl- piperazin-lyl, 4-butyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-isopropyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-J-butylpiperazin-lyl, 4- cyclopropylpiperazin-1 -yl,.4- ⁇ -butoxycarbonyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-hydroxy-piperidinyl, 4- ethoxycarbonyl-piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, l -//-pyrazol-l-yl, imidazol-1-yl, pyrrolidin-
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is pyridyl, or pyridyl substituted with piperazine, 4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-ethyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-propyl- piperazin-lyl, 4-butyl-piperazin- 1 yl, 4-isopropyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-/-butylpiperazin-lyl, 4- cyclopropylpiperazin-1-yl, 4-Mjutoxycarbonyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-hydroxy- ⁇ iperidinyl, 4- ethoxycarbonyl-piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, l-//-pyrazol-l-yl, imidazol-1-yl, pyrrolidin-
  • one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is phenyl or heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from
  • At least one R x is hydrogen and the other R x is a
  • C3-C7 cycloaliphatic or a heterocycloaliphatic ring optionally substituted with up to five R 3 substituents and having up to three heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein said ring is optionally fused to one or more phenyl or heteroaryl rings.
  • said R x is selected from cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, tetrahydro-2i c - r -pyranyl, tetrahydro-2//-thiopyranyl, 9H-fluoren-9- yl or piperidinyl.
  • said ring system is selected from 9H-fluroen-9-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, tetrahydro-2 J f/-thiopyran-4-yl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclohexenyl, piperidinyl, or l-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl.
  • ring A is selected from:
  • R 1 is as defined herein.
  • ring A has formula A-i.
  • ring A has formula A-ii.
  • ring A has formula A- ⁇ i ⁇ .
  • p is 0 and q is 0.
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring optionally fused with an phenyl or heteroaryl ring that is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 1 substituents; wherein said ring A, in addition to the nitrogen ring atom, contains up to two additional ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S; wherein ring A, in addition to the oxo group, is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 1 substituents;
  • R 1 , R x , R ⁇ , and X are as defined herein.
  • R ⁇ is C1-C6 aliphatic optionally substituted with one or more halo, OH 3 C1-C4 alkoxy, Cl -C4 alkoxy carbonyl, or di-(Cl-C4 alkyl) amino-.
  • R ⁇ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t- butyl, 3 ,3 -dimethyl -butyl, 3 -methyl-butyl, 2-methyl-propyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl, 3-- ethoxypropyl, l-(methoxy carbonyl)-3-methyl-butyl, 1 -(hydroxy methyl)-3 -methyl -butyl, allyl, acetenyl, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl, 1 -methyl -2-methoxy-ethyl, 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl- propyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoro-propyl, or 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propyl.
  • R ⁇ is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t- butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-butyl, 3-methyl-butyl or 2-methyl-propyl.
  • R ⁇ is C3 -C8 cycloaliphatic or a C3-C8 cycloaliphatic substituted C1-C6 aliphatic-.
  • R ⁇ is C3-C6 cycloalkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl substituted C1-C6 alkyl-.
  • R ⁇ is cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl-, cyclopropylmethyl-, or cyclohexylethyl-.
  • R ⁇ is pyridyl (Cl -C6) alkyl-, tetrahydrofuranyl (C1-C6 alkyl)-, N-(C1-C4 alkyl)-pyrrolidinyl-(Cl-C6 alkyl)-.
  • R ⁇ is tetrahydrofuran-2-yl-methyl-, pyridin-3- yl -methyl-, pyridin-4-yl-ethyl-, pyridin-2-y]-ethyl-, pyridin-4-yl-m ethyl-, lH-indazol-5-yl,. or
  • R ⁇ is phenyl or (phenyl)-substituted C1-C6 aliphatic each optionally substituted with up to 5 R 2 substituents independently selected from halogen or a 5-6 membered heterocyclyl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, or
  • R ⁇ is phenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyI, benzyl, 4- fluorophenylmethyl-, 4-morpholinophenyl-, 2-piperidinylphenyl- or phenylethyl-.
  • R x is an aryl or heteroaryl ring optionally substituted with up to 5 R 3 substituents independently selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, phenyl, halogen, C3-C6 cycloaliphatic or a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring with up to 3 R u substituents wherein said heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring has up to three heteroatoms selected
  • R x is phenyl or pyridyl with up to 2 R 3 substituents independently selected from halogen or a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring wherein said heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with up to 2 R u substituents wherein said heterocyclic ring has up to three heteroatoms selected from N, O 5 or S.
  • R x is phenyl substituted with a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring in the 2 position and a halogen in the 3 position.
  • R x is pyridyl, phenyl, or phenyl substituted with piperazine, 4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-ethyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-propyl-piperazin-lyl, 4- butyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-isopropyl-piperazin-lyl, 4-?-tmtylpiperazin-lyl, 4- cyclopropylpiperazin-1-yl, 4-?-butoxycarbonyl-piperazin-l-yl, 4-hydroxy- ⁇ i ⁇ eridinyl, 4- efhoxycarbonyl-piperidin-1-yl, mo ⁇ holin-4-yl, l-H-pyrazol-l-yl, imidazol-1-yl, pyrrolidin-
  • R x is phenyl or heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, cyano, halo, halo-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, aryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, heteroaryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic-, aralkyloxy, di(Cl-C6 aliphatic)amino-, -O-C1-C6 aliphatic, -S(O)-C1-C6 aliphatic, or
  • R x is a C3-C7 cycloaliphatic or a heterocycloaliphatic ring optionally substituted with up to five R 3 substituents and having up to three heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein said ring is optionally fused to one or more phenyl or heteroaryl rings.
  • said fused ring is selected from cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, tetrahydro-2i ⁇ -pyranyl, tetrahydro-2H-thiopyranyl,
  • ring A is selected from:
  • Y is C(O), S(O), or S(O) 2 ;
  • W c is -C(R ⁇ 2 .
  • W c CR ! -.
  • W c is C(O).
  • r is 2.
  • W D is N.
  • W D C-.
  • Y is C(O).
  • Y is S(O).
  • Y is S(O) 2 .
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is optionally substituted with up to 5 substituents selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, C1-C6 aliphatic-oxy, C1-C6 haloaliphatic, CN, halo, oxo, optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloaliphatic, or an optionally substituted ring selected from phenyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, irnadazolyl, imidazoli ⁇ yl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl.
  • substituents selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, C1-C6 aliphatic-oxy, C1-C6 haloaliphatic, CN, halo, oxo, optionally
  • Q-R M is Q-R'.
  • Q is present and R is C1-C6 aliphatic.
  • R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl.
  • R' is hydrogen
  • R' is a C1-C8 aliphatic group, optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , or OCHF 2 , wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C8 aliphatic is optionally replaced with -CO-,
  • R' is a 3-8 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated monocyclic ring having 0-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein R' is optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , or C1-C6 alkyl, wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C6 alkyl is optionally replaced with -CO-, -CONH(Cl -C4 alkyl)-, -CO 2 -, -OCO-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CO 2 -, -O-, -N(Cl)
  • R' is an 8-12 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated bicyclic ring system having 0-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; wherein R' is optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , or C1-C6 alkyl, wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C6 alkyl is optionally replaced with -CO-, -CONH(C 1-C4 alkyl)-, -CO 2 -, -OCO-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CO 2 -, -O-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CON(Cl-C4 alkyl)-, -OCON(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CO-, -
  • R' is taken together with the atom(s) to which they are bound to form an optionally substituted 3-12 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated monocyclic or bicyclic ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein R' is optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , or C1-C6 alkyl, wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C6 alkyl is optionally replaced with -CO-, -CONH(Cl -C4 alkyl)-, -CO 2 -, -OCO-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CO 2 -, -O-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CON(Cl-C4 alkyl)-, -OCON(
  • compounds of the present invention include those in
  • compounds of the present invention include those in
  • compounds of the present invention include those in
  • compounds of the present invention include those in
  • the present invention provides compounds of formula F:
  • X is S, SO, or SO 2 ;
  • Z is present or absent; wherein: when Z is present, then ring A is attached to ring B through a single bond; when Z is absent, then ring A together with ring B forms a spirocyclic ring system; ring A is a 4-7 membered heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring or a 10-14 membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring, wherein ring A has 1-4 heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S; wherein ring A is optionally substituted with up to 5 R substituents; tn is 1-3; n is 1-3; provided that m+n is ⁇ A;
  • R ⁇ is aryl, heteroaryl, cycloaliphatic, C1-C6 aliphatic, aryl-aliphatic, or cycloaliphatic-aliphatic; wherein R ⁇ is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 2 substituents;
  • R x is hydrogen, halo, aryl, heteroaryl, C1-C6 aliphatic, aryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic, heteroaryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic, wherein R x is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 3 substituents; or two R x , taken together with the carbon atom that they are attached to, form a 3-9 membered cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic ring, wherein said heterocyclic ring has up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N; wherein said ring is optionally substituted with up to 3 R 3 substituents; wherein said ring formed by two R x is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 4 • substituents; R z is absent, hydrogen, CN, C1-C6 aliphatic, halo-Cl-C6 aliphatic, O-C1-C6 aliphatic, O-(halo-Cl-C6 aliphatic), halo
  • ⁇ is a single or a double bond; provided that when it is a double bond, then R z and one of R w is absent;
  • R w is independently hydrogen, halo, oxo, C1-C6 aliphatic, halo-Cl-C6 aliphatic, O- Cl -C6 aliphatic, O-(halo-Cl-C6 aliphatic), aryl, aryl-Cl -C6 aliphatic, C3-C7 cycloaliphatic; or two R w taken together form an optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic ring, wherein said heterocyclic ring has up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, S, and N; wherein said ring formed by two R w is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 5 substituents; wherein each occurrence of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is independently Q-R M ; wherein Q is a bond or is a Ci-Cg aliphatic chain wherein up to two non-adjacent methylene units of Q are optionally replaced
  • R w is hydrogen and the other is not. In another embodiment, both of R w are hydrogen. [00163] In one embodiment, m is 1 and n is 1. In another embodiment, m is 1 and n is
  • R z is C1-C6 alkyl or halo.-Cl-C6 alkyl. Or, R z is -O-
  • R z include fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OMe, OEt, etc.
  • R w is C1-C6 alkyl or halo-Cl-C6 alkyl. Or, R w is -
  • R w include fluoro, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OMe,
  • two R w taken together with the carbon atom they are attached to, form an optionally substituted C3-C9 cycloalkyl or a 3-9 membered heterocyclyl ring.
  • exemplary such rings include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
  • R ⁇ is C1-C6 aliphatic optionally substituted with one or more halo, OH, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkoxy carbonyl, or di-(Cl-C4 alkyl) amino.
  • Exemplary embodiments include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl, 3,3- dimethyl -butyl, 3 -methyl-butyl, 2-methyl-propyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl, 3-ethoxypropyl, 1-
  • R ⁇ is C3-C8 cycloaliphatic or C3-C8 cycloaliphatic substituted C1-C6 aliphatic.
  • R ⁇ is C3-C6 cycloalkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl substituted C1-C6 alkyl.
  • Exemplary embodiments include cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, or cyclohexylethyl.
  • R ⁇ is pyridyl (C1-C6) alkyl, tetrahydrofuranyl (C1-C6 alkyl), N-(Cl -C4 alkyl)-pyrrolidinyl-(Cl -C6 alkyl).
  • Exemplary embodiments include tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl, pyridin-3-yl-rnetb.yl, pyridin-4-yl-ethyl, pyridin-2-yl-ethyl, pyridin-4-yl-methyl, lH-indazol-5-yl, or 2-(N-methyl)-pyrrolidin-2-yl-ethyl.
  • R ⁇ is optionally substituted phenyl or (optionally substituted phenyl)-substituted C1-C6 aliphatic.
  • exemplary embodiments include phenyl,
  • both R x are hydrogen.
  • R x is a phenyl or a heteroaryl, such as pyridyl, wherein said phenyl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with an optionally substituted 3-7 membered heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring having up to three heteroatoms selected from O, S, or N.
  • R x include phenyl, pyridyl, or phenyl substituted with piperazine, 4- rnethyl-piperazin-1-yl, 4-/-butoxycarbonyl-piperazin- 1 -yl, 4-hydroxy-piperidinyl, 4- ethoxycarbonyl-piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, l-//-pyrazol-l-yl, imidazol-1-yl or pyridyl.
  • R x is phenyl or heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substitue ⁇ ts independently selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, cyano, halo, halo-Cl- C6 aliphatic, aryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic, heteroaryl-Cl-C6 aliphatic, aralkyloxy, di (C1-C6 aliphatic)amino, O-C1-C6 aliphatic, S(O)-C 1-C6 aliphatic, or S(O) 2 -Cl-Co aliphatic.
  • R x is an optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloaliphatic or a heterocycloaliphatic ring having up to three heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S, wherein said ring is optionally fused to one or more phenyl or heteroaryl ring.
  • Exemplary rings include cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, tetrahydro-2H " -pyranyl, tetrahydro-2H r -thiopyranyl, 9 ⁇ -fluoren-9-yl, piperidinyl, etc.
  • two R x taken together with the carbon atom that they are attached to, form an optionally substituted 3-9 membered cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic, monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic ring.
  • exemplary embodiments include 9H-fluroen-9-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, tetrahydro-2 ⁇ r -thiopyran-4-yl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclohexenyl, piperidinyl, or l-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl.
  • the present invention provides compounds of formula
  • ring A is a 4-7 membered heterocyclic ring that forms a spirocyclic ring system with said piperidine ring through carbon atom C A , wherein said heterocyclic ring is optionally fused with an optionally substituted phenyl or heteroaryl ring; wherein said ring A, in addition to the nitrogen ring atom, up to two additional ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S; wherein ring A, in addition to the oxo group, is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 1 substituents;
  • R 1 , R x , R ⁇ , R z , R w , and X are as defined above.
  • R z is C1-C6 alkyl or halo-Cl-C6 alkyl. Or, R z is -O-
  • R w is C1-C6 alkyl or halo-Cl-C6 alkyl. Or, R w is -
  • R w include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OMe, OEt, etc.
  • two R w taken together with the carbon atom they are attached to, form an optionally substituted C3-C9 cycloalkyl or a 3-9 membered heterocyclyl ring.
  • Exemplary such rings include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
  • ring A is selected from:
  • R 1 is as defined above.
  • p is 0 and q is 0. In another embodiment, p is 1 and q is
  • p is 0 and q is 1. In yet another embodiment, both p and q are 1.
  • p is 0 and q is 2. Or, p is 2 and q is 0.
  • W A is NR 1 . In another embodiment, W A is O. Or, W A is
  • R 1 - is hydrogen
  • W B is NR 1 . In another embodiment, W B is O. Or, W B is
  • R 1 is hydrogen
  • q is 2 and W B is or -CR ⁇ CR 1 -.
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A in addition to the nitrogen ring atom, contains up to two additional ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, or S; wherein ring A, in addition to the oxo group, is optionally substituted with up to 5 R 1 substituents;
  • ring A is selected from:
  • R 1 is as defined above.
  • Tn one embodiment, r is 0. Or, r is 1. Or, r is 2.
  • W D is N.
  • Y is C(O). Or, Y is S(O). Or, Y is S(O) 2 .
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is selected from:
  • ring A is optionally substituted with up to 5 substituents selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, C1-C6 aliphatic-oxy, C1-C6 haloaliphatic, CN, halo, oxo, optionally substituted C3-C7 cycloaliphatic, or an optionally substituted ring selected from phenyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, imadazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl.
  • substituents selected from C1-C6 aliphatic, C1-C6 aliphatic-oxy, C1-C6 haloaliphatic, CN, halo, oxo, optionally substituted
  • Q is absent.
  • Q-R M is R'.
  • R is hydrogen.
  • R is Cl -C6 aliphatic.
  • Exemplary R includes C1-C6 alkyl, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl.
  • R' is hydrogen
  • R' is a C1-C8 aliphatic group, optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , or OCHF 2 , wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C8 aliphatic is optionally replaced with -CO-, -CONH(Cl -C4 alkyl)-, -CO 2 -, -OCO-, -N(Cl -CA alkyl)CO 2 -, -O-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CON(Cl-C4 alkyl)-, -OCON(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CO-, -S-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -SO 2 N(C1-C4 alkyl)-, N(C1-C4 alkyl)-, N(C1
  • R' is a 3-8 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated monocyclic ring having 0-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein R' is optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , or C1-C6 alkyl, wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C6 alkyl is optionally replaced with -CO-, -CONH(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -CO 2 -, -OCO-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CO 2 -, -O-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CON(Cl-C4 alkyl)-, -OCON(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CO-, -S-, -
  • R' is an 8-12 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated bicycHc ring system having 0-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; wherein R' is optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , or C1-C6 alkyl, wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C6 alkyl is optionally replaced with -CO-, -CONH(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -CO 2 -, -OCO-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CO 2 -, -O-, -N(Cl -C4 alkyl)CON(Cl-C4 alkyl)-, -OCON(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CO-, -S
  • two occurrences of R' are taken together with the atom(s) to which they are bound to form an optionally substituted 3-12 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated monocyclic or bicyclic ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein R' is optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents selected from halo, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , or C1-C6 alkyl, wherein up to two methylene units of said C1-C6 alkyl is optionally replaced with -CO-, - CONH(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -CO 2 -, -OCO-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CO 2 -, -O-, -N(C1-C4 alkyl)CON(Cl- C4 alkyl)-, -OCON(C1-C4 alkyl)-, -O
  • Amine core C-A-i-e, wherein ring A is A-i-e can be prepared using the method of Scheme 7.
  • Amine cores C-A-v-a, C-A-v-c, and C-A-v-f, containing ring A embodiments, A-v-a, A-v-c, and A-v-f, respectively, can be readily prepared using the method of Scheme 11.
  • Scheme 12 Alternative Preparation of Amine core C-A-v-e:
  • A-ii-j a) (2-Methoxy-2-oxoethyl)(triphenyl)phosphonium chloride, benzene b) DBU, DMF c) 3-Bromo-2-aminopyridine, AlMe 3 , DCE d) NaH 5 SEM-Cl 3 THF e) Pd('Bu 3 ) 2 , dicyclohexylmethylamine, dioxane f) TFA g) H 2 , Pd/C
  • A-i-j a) 2,4-Dimethoxybenzylamine, TMSCN b) H 2 , Rh/alumina c) CDI d) TFA / DCM e) H 2 , Pd/C
  • Amine core A-i-a may be prepared according to the method disclosed in
  • Amine core A-ii-a may be prepared according to the method disclosed in US2006293281.
  • Amine core A-ii-a wherein the fused 6-membered ring is pyridyl may be prepared according to the method disclosed in WO2007016087.
  • Amine core A-v-b may be prepared according to the method disclosed in WO2006044504.
  • Amine core A-v-i may be prepared according to the method disclosed in WO2006044504.
  • Amine core A-vi-b as the HCl salt may be prepared according to the method disclosed in WO2005056550.
  • Amine core A-vi-d may be prepared according to the method disclosed in Chem. Pharm. Bull., 34(5), pp. 1907-1916 (1986).
  • Amine core A-vi-e is commercially available.
  • Amine core A-v-h may be prepared according to the method disclosed in WO2007016087.
  • Other amine cores not described in the schemes, experimentals, or referenced herein, can be prepared by methods known to one of skill in the art.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative includes, but is not limited to, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, salts of such esters, or any other adduct or derivative which upon administration to a patient in need is capable of providing, directly or indirectly, a compound as otherwise described herein, or a metabolite or residue thereof.
  • the term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to those salts which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, and are commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
  • a “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” means any non-toxic salt or salt of an ester of a compound of this invention that, upon administration to a recipient, is capable of providing, either directly or indirectly, a compound of this invention or an active metabolite or residue thereof.
  • active metabolite or residue thereof means that a metabolite or residue thereof is also an antagonist of CGRP.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of this invention include those derived from suitable inorganic and organic acids and bases.
  • suitable inorganic and organic acids and bases include those derived from suitable inorganic and organic acids and bases.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable, nontoxic acid addition salts are salts of an amino group formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and perchloric acid or with organic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid or malonic acid or by using other methods used in the art such as ion exchange.
  • salts include adipate, alginate, ascorbate, aspartate, benzenesulfonate, benzoate, bisulfate, borate, butyrate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, citrate, cyclopentanepropionate, digluconate, dodecylsulfate, ethanesulfonate, formate, fumarate, glucoheptonate, glycerophosphate, gluconate, hemisulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate, lactobionate, lactate, laurate, lauryl sulfate, malate, maleate, malonate, methanesulfonate, 2- naphthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, nitrate, oleate, oxalate, palmitate, pamoate, pectinate
  • Salts derived from appropriate bases include alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and N + (C)- 4 alkyl) 4 salts.
  • This invention also envisions the quaternization of any basic nitrogen-containing groups of the compounds disclosed herein. Water or oil-soluble or dispersable products may be obtained by such quaternization.
  • Representative alkali or alkaline earth metal salts include sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like.
  • Further pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, when appropriate, nontoxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium, and amine cations formed using counterions such as halide, hydroxide, carboxylate, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, loweralkyl sulfonate and aryl sulfonate.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions of the present invention additionally comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or vehicle, which, as used herein, includes, any and all solvents, diluents, or other liquid vehicle, dispersion or suspension aids, surface active agents, isotonic agents, thickening or emulsifying agents, preservatives, solid binders, lubricants and the like, as suited to the particular dosage form desired.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or vehicle which, as used herein, includes, any and all solvents, diluents, or other liquid vehicle, dispersion or suspension aids, surface active agents, isotonic agents, thickening or emulsifying agents, preservatives, solid binders, lubricants and the like, as suited to the particular dosage form desired.
  • Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sixteenth Edition, E. W. Martin (Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa., 1980) discloses various carriers used in formulating pharmaceutically acceptable
  • any conventional carrier medium is incompatible with the compounds of the invention, such as by producing any undesirable biological effect or otherwise interacting in a deleterious manner with any other component(s) of the pharmaceutically acceptable composition, its use is contemplated to be within the scope of this invention.
  • materials which can serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, but are not limited to, ion exchangers, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum proteins, such as human serum albumin, buffer substances such as phosphates, glycine, sorbic acid, or potassium sorbate, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated vegetable fatty acids, water, salts or electrolytes, such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, zinc salts, colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylates, waxes, polyethylene-polyoxypropylene- block polymers, wool fat, sugars such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; starches such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; powdered tragacanth; malt; gelatin; talc
  • compositions of this invention can be administered to humans and other animals orally, rectally, parenterally, intracisternally, intravaginally, intraperitoneally, topically (as by powders, ointments, or drops), bucally, as an oral or nasal spray, or the like, depending on the severity of the infection being treated.
  • the compounds of the invention may be administered orally or parenterally at dosage levels of about 0.01 mg/kg to about 50 mg/kg and preferably from about 1 mg/kg to about 25 mg/kg, of subject body weight per day, one or more times a day, to obtain the desired therapeutic effect.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, microemulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups and elixirs.
  • the liquid dosage forms may contain inert diluents commonly used in the art such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dimethylformamide, oils (in particular, cottonseed, groundnut, corn, germ, olive, castor, and sesame oils), glycerol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters of sorbitan, and mixtures thereof.
  • the oral compositions can also include adj
  • Injectable preparations for example, sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions may be formulated according to the known art using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents.
  • the sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution, suspension or emulsion in a nontoxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for example, as a solution in 1,3-butanediol.
  • the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution, U.S.P. and isotonic sodium chloride solution.
  • sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium.
  • any bland fixed oil can be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides.
  • fatty acids such as oleic acid are used in the preparation of injectables.
  • the injectable formulations can be sterilized, for example, by filtration through a bacterial-retaining filter, or by incorporating sterilizing agents in the form of sterile solid compositions which can be dissolved or dispersed in sterile water or other sterile injectable medium prior to use.
  • delayed absorption of a parenterally administered compound form is accomplished by dissolving or suspending the compound in an oil vehicle.
  • injectable depot forms are made by forming microencapsule matrices of the compound in biodegradable polymers such as polylactide-polyglycolide. Depending upon the ratio of compound to polymer and the nature of the particular polymer employed, the rate of compound release can be controlled. Examples of other biodegradable polymers include poly(orthoesters) and poly(anhydrides). Depot injectable formulations are also prepared by entrapping the compound in liposomes or microemulsions that are compatible with body tissues.
  • compositions for rectal or vaginal administration are preferably suppositories which can be prepared by mixing the compounds of this invention with suitable non-irritating excipients or carriers such as cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax which are solid at ambient temperature but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound.
  • suitable non-irritating excipients or carriers such as cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax which are solid at ambient temperature but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound.
  • Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, pills, powders, and granules.
  • the active compound is mixed with at least one inert, pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate and/or a) fillers or extenders such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and silicic acid, b) binders such as, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidinone, sucrose, and acacia, c) humectants such as glycerol, d) disintegrating agents such as agar— agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain silicates, and sodium carbonate, e) solution retarding agents such as paraffin, f) absorption accelerators such as quaternary ammonium compounds, g) wetting agents such as, for example, cetyl
  • the dosage form may also comprise buffering agents.
  • Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard- filled gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as well as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like.
  • the solid dosage forms of tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical formulating art. They may optionally contain opacifying agents and can also be of a composition that they release the active ingredient(s) only, or preferentially, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner.
  • embedding compositions examples include polymeric substances and waxes. Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard-filled gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as well as high molecular weight polethylene glycols and the like. [00257]
  • the active compounds can also be in microencapsulated form with one or more excipients as noted above.
  • the solid dosage forms of tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings, release controlling coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical formulating art.
  • the active compound may be admixed with at least one inert diluent such as sucrose, lactose or starch.
  • inert diluent such as sucrose, lactose or starch.
  • Such dosage forms may also comprise, as is normal practice, additional substances other than inert diluents, e.g., tableting lubricants and other tableting aids such a magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents. They may optionally contain opacifying agents and can also be of a composition that they release the active ingredient(s) only, or preferentially, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding compositions that can be used include polymeric substances and waxes.
  • Dosage forms for topical or transdermal administration of a compound of this invention include ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, powders, solutions, sprays, inhalants or patches.
  • the active component is admixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and any needed preservatives or buffers as may be required.
  • Ophthalmic formulation, eardrops, and eye drops are also contemplated as being within the scope of this invention.
  • the present invention contemplates the use of transdermal patches, which have the added advantage of providing controlled delivery of a compound to the body.
  • Such dosage forms are prepared by dissolving or dispensing the compound in the proper medium.
  • Absorption enhancers can also be used to increase the flux of the compound across the skin.
  • the rate can be controlled by either providing a rate controlling membrane or by dispersing the compound in a polymer matrix or gel.
  • the compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions of the present invention can be employed in combination therapies, that is, the compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions can be administered concurrently with, prior to, or subsequent to, one or more other desired therapeutics or medical procedures.
  • the particular combination of therapies (therapeutics or procedures) to employ in a combination regimen will take into account compatibility of the desired therapeutics and/or procedures and the desired therapeutic effect to be achieved.
  • the therapies employed may achieve a desired effect for the same disorder (for example, an inventive compound may be administered concurrently with another agent used to treat the same disorder), or they may achieve different effects (e.g., control of any adverse effects).
  • additional therapeutic agents that are normally administered to treat or prevent a particular disease, or condition are known as "appropriate for the disease, or condition, being treated”.
  • exemplary additional therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to: nonopioid analgesics (indoles such as Etodolac, Indomethacin, Sulindac, Tolmetin; naphthylalkanones such sa Nabumetone; oxicams such as Piroxicam; para-aminophenol derivatives, such as Acetaminophen; propionic acids such as Fenoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Naproxen, Naproxen sodium, Oxaprozin; salicylates such as Asprin, Choline magnesium trisalicylate, Diflunisal; fenamates such as meclofenamic acid, Mefenamic acid; and pyrazoles such as Phenylbutazone); or opioid (narcotic) agonists (such as Codeine, Fentanyl, Hydromorphone, Levorphanol, Meperidine, Methadone, Morphine, Oxyco
  • nondrug analgesic approaches may be utilized in conjunction with administration of one or more compounds of the invention.
  • anesthesiologic intraspinal infiision, neural blocade
  • neurosurgical neurolysis of CNS pathways
  • neurostimulatory transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, dorsal column stimulation
  • physiatric physical therapy, orthotic devices, diathermy
  • psychologic psychologic
  • the amount of additional therapeutic agent present in the compositions of this invention will be no more than the amount that would normally be administered in a composition comprising that therapeutic agent as the only active agent.
  • the amount of additional therapeutic agent in the presently disclosed compositions will range from about 50% to 100% of the amount normally present in a composition comprising that agent as the only therapeutically active agent.
  • the present invention in another aspect, includes a composition for coating an implantable device comprising a compound of the present invention as described generally above, and in classes and subclasses herein, and a carrier suitable for coating said implantable device.
  • the present invention includes an implantable device coated with a composition comprising a compound of the present invention as described generally above, and in classes and subclasses herein, and a carrier suitable for coating said implantable device.
  • Suitable coatings and the general preparation of coated implantable devices are described in US Patents 6,099,562; 5,886,026; and 5,304,121.
  • the coatings are typically biocompatible polymeric materials such as a hydrogel polymer, polymethyldisiloxane, polycaprolactone, polyethylene glycol, polylactic acid, ethylene vinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof.
  • the coatings may optionally be further covered by a suitable topcoat of fluorosilicone, polysaccarides, polyethylene glycol, phospholipids or combinations thereof to impart controlled release characteristics in the composition.
  • the compounds of the present invention are useful in a method of antagonism of CGRP receptors in a patient such as a mammal in" need of such antagonism comprising the administration of an effective amount of the compound.
  • the present invention is directed to the use of the compounds disclosed herein as antagonists of CGRP receptors.
  • a variety of other mammals can be treated according to the method of the present invention.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method for the treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of a disease or disorder in which the CGRP receptor is involved in a patient that comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound that is an antagonist of CGRP receptors.
  • the present invention is further directed to a method for the manufacture of a medicament for antagonism of CGRP receptors activity in humans and animals comprising combining a compound of the present invention with a pharmaceutical carrier or diluent.
  • the subject treated in the present methods is generally a mammal, for example a human being, male or female, in whom antagonism of CGRP receptor activity is desired.
  • terapéuticaally effective amount means the amount of the subject compound that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, system, animal or human that is being sought by the researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician.
  • treatment refers both to the treatment and to the prevention or prophylactic therapy of the mentioned conditions, particularly in a patient who is predisposed to such disease or disorder.
  • the compounds of the present invention have utility in treating, preventing, ameliorating, controlling or reducing the risk of one or more of the following conditions or diseases: headache; migraine; cluster headache; chronic tension type headache; pain; chronic pain; neurogenic inflammation and inflammatory pain; neuropathic pain; eye pain; tooth pain; diabetes; non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; vascular disorders; inflammation; arthritis; bronchial hyperreactivity, asthma; shock; sepsis; opiate withdrawal syndrome; morphine tolerance; hot flashes in men and women; allergic dermatitis; encephalitis; brain trauma; epilepsy; neurodegenerative diseases; skin diseases; neurogenic cutaneous redness, skin rosaceousness and erythema; tinnitus; inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, cystitis; and other conditions that may be treated or prevented by antagonism of CGRP receptors.
  • headache migraine; cluster headache; chronic tension type headache; pain; chronic pain; neurogenic inflammation and inflammatory pain; neuropathic pain; eye pain
  • the compounds of the present invention are further useful in a method for the prevention, treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of the diseases, disorders and conditions noted herein.
  • the compounds of the present invention are further useful in a method for the prevention, treatment, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of the aforementioned diseases, disorders and conditions in combination with other agents.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be used in combination with one or more other drugs in the treatment, prevention, control, amelioration, or reduction of risk of diseases or conditions for which compounds of Formula I or the other drugs may have utility, where the combination of the drugs together are safer or more effective than either drug alone.
  • Such other drug(s) may be administered, by a route and in an amount commonly used therefor, contemporaneously or sequentially with a compound of Formula I.
  • a pharmaceutical composition in unit dosage form containing such other drugs and the compound of Formula I is preferred.
  • the combination therapy may also include therapies in which the compound of Formula I and one or more other drugs are administered on different overlapping schedules.
  • the compounds of the present invention and the other active ingredients may be used in lower doses than when each is used singly.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include those that contain one or more other active ingredients, in addition to a compound of Formula I.
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with an antiinflammatory or analgesic agent or an anti-migraine agent, such as an ergotamine or 5- HT.
  • sub.1 agonists especially a 5-HT.sub.lB/lD agonist, for example sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan, eletriptan, almotriptan, frovatriptan, donitriptan, and rizatriptan; a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, such as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, for example rofecoxib, etoricoxib, celecoxib, valdecoxib or paracoxib; a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent or a cytokine-suppressing anti-inflammatory agent, for example with a compound such as aspirin, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, sulindac, meloxicam, piroxicam, tenoxicam, lornoxicam, ketorolac, etodolac, mefenam ⁇ c acid,
  • the instant compounds may be administered with a pain reliever such as acetaminophen, phenacetin, codeine, fentanyl, sufentanil, methadone, acetyl methadol, buprenorphine or morphine.
  • a pain reliever such as acetaminophen, phenacetin, codeine, fentanyl, sufentanil, methadone, acetyl methadol, buprenorphine or morphine.
  • an interleukin inhibitor such as an interleukin-1 inhibitor; an NK-I receptor antagonist, for example aprepitant; an NMDA antagonist; an NR2B antagonist; a bradykinin-1 receptor antagonist; an adenosine Al receptor agonist; a sodium channel blocker, for example lamotrigine; an opiate agonist such as levomethadyl acetate or methadyl acetate; a lipoxygenase inhibitor, such as an inhibitor of 5 -lipoxygenase; an alpha receptor antagonist, for example indoramin; an alpha receptor agonist; a vanilloid receptor antagonist; an mGluR5 agonist, antagonist or potentiator; a GABA A receptor modulator, for example acamprosate calcium; nicotinic antagonists or agonists including nicotine; muscarinic agonists or antagonists; a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, for example
  • an interleukin inhibitor such as an interleukin-1
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with, ergot alkaloids, for example ergotamine, ergonovine, ergonovine, methylergonovine, metergoline, ergoloid mesylates, dihydroergotamine, dihydroergocornine, dihydroergocristine, dihydroergocryptine, dihydro-I-ergocryptine, dihydro-.theta.-ergocryptine, ergotoxine, ergocornine, ergocristine, ergocryptine, I-ergocryptine, .theta.-ergocryptine, ergosine, ergostane, bromocriptine, or methysergide.
  • ergot alkaloids for example ergotamine, ergonovine, ergonovine, methylergonovine, metergoline, ergoloid mesylates, dihydroergotamine, dihydroergocornine, dihydr
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with a beta- adrenergic antagonist such as timolol, propanolol, atenolol, or nadolol, and the like; a MAO inhibitor, for example phenelzine; a calcium channel blocker, for example flunarizine, nimodipine, lomerizine, verapamil, nifedipine, prochlorperazine or gabapentin; neuroleptics such as olanzapine and quetiapine; an anticonvulsant such as topiramate, zonisamide, tonabersat, carabersat or divalproex sodium; an angiotensin II antagonist, for example losartan and candesartan cilexetil; an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor such as lisinopril; or botulinum toxin type A.
  • a beta- adrenergic antagonist such as t
  • the present compounds may be used in conjunction with a potentiator such as caffeine, an H2-antagonist, simethicone, aluminum or magnesium hydroxide; a decongestant such as phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine, oxymetazoline, epinephrine, naphazoline, xylometazoline, propylhexedrine, or levo-desoxy-ephedrine; an antitussive such as codeine, hydrocodone, caramiphen, carbetapentane, or dextromethorphan; a diuretic; a prokinetic agent such as metoclopramide or domperidone, and a sedating or non-sedating antihistamine.
  • a potentiator such as caffeine, an H2-antagonist, simethicone, aluminum or magnesium hydroxide
  • a decongestant such as phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine
  • the present compounds are used in conjunction with an anti-migraine agent, such as: an ergotamine; a 5-HT.sub.l agonist, especially a 5- HT.sub.lB/lD agonist, in particular, sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan, eletriptan, almotriptan, frovatriptan, donitriptan and rizatriptan; and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, such as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, in particular, rofecoxib, etoricoxib, celecoxib, meloxicam, valdecoxib or paracoxib.
  • an anti-migraine agent such as: an ergotamine; a 5-HT.sub.l agonist, especially a 5- HT.sub.lB/lD agonist, in particular, sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan, eletriptan, almotrip
  • compositions of the present invention include those that also contain one or more other active ingredients, in addition to a compound of the present invention.
  • the weight ratio of the compound of the compound of the present invention to the other active ingredient(s) may be varied and will depend upon the effective dose of each ingredient. Generally, an effective dose of each will be used. Thus, for example, when a compound of the present invention is combined with another agent, the weight ratio of the compound of the present invention to the other agent will generally range from about 1000:1 to about 1 :1000, or from about 200:1 to about 1 :200. Combinations of a compound of the present invention and other active ingredients will generally also be within the aforementioned range, but in each case, an effective dose of each active ingredient should be used.
  • the compound of the present invention and other active agents may be administered separately or in conjunction.
  • the administration of one element maybe prior to, concurrent to, or subsequent to the administration of other agent(s), and via the same or different routes of administration.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be administered by oral, parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, ICV, intraci sternal injection or infusion, subcutaneous injection, or implant), by inhalation spray, nasal, vaginal, rectal, sublingual, or topical routes of administration and may be formulated, alone or together, in suitable dosage unit formulations containing conventional non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles appropriate for each route of administration.
  • the compounds of the invention are effective for use in humans.
  • a Semi-Prep Gilson HPLC was used to purify various diastereomeric mixtures in the present invention using Gilson 322 pumps, a Gilson 215 liquid handler, a Gilson 819 injection module.
  • Flow rate was 15.0 mL/min using a gradient of 20-70% CH3CN (0.1 % TFA) / H2O (0.1 % TFA) on an Agilent Zorbax, SB-Cl 8 column (21.2 x 100 mm, 5um) monitoring with a Gilson 156 UV/Vis detector.
  • N-Boc-aniline (16.12 g, 83.4 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (120 niL) and cooled to -70 0 C. To this solution was added dropwise, under nitrogen, a 1.7 M solution of fert-butyllithium in pentane (110 mL, 187 mmol) at -70 0 C. After 30 min at -70 0 C, the solution was warmed to -20 0 C and maintained at that temperature for 2 h.
  • the crude TFA salt was cooled in an ice-H 2 Q bath, dissolved in ice-cold saturated brine (20 mL) and H 2 O (50 mL) and basified with ice-cold 35% NaOH (aq).
  • a small amount of product obtained from extraction with 50 mL ethyl acetate was added to the aqueous layer to initiate crystallization.
  • the suspension obtained was cooled in an ice- H 2 O bath, filtered, rinsed with ice-cold H 2 O and dried to afford 3.071 g spiro[benzo[d][l,3]oxazine-4 5 4'-piperidin]-2(lH)-one free base as a white crystalline solid.
  • CGRP functional antagonism was characterized in a cell based transcriptional assay using a recombinant SK-N-MC line. Tq introduce the transcriptional reporter system, SK- N-MC cell line was transduced with a retroviral vector containing ⁇ -lactarnase gene downstream of cAMP responsive promoter. The expression of ⁇ -lactamase is triggered by cAMP increase that is a downstream event of activation of endogenous CGRP receptor. Single clones were separated using Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) based on CGRP induced ⁇ -lactamase activity, ⁇ -lactamase activity was measured using a fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) dye, CCF4.
  • FACS Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorting
  • CCF4 is a substrate of ⁇ -lactamase (Zlokarnik G, et al., Science, 279 (5347): 84-88, 1998) and cleaved into a product with different fluorescent signal from that of the parent. 4C10 clone was selected for dose dependent ⁇ -lactamase expression to different concentrations of CGRP and consistent pharmacology with previously published values. To evaluate functional antagonist activity of compounds in SK-N-MC (4C10) line, compounds were evaluated for their inhibition of ⁇ -lactamase expression in the presence of CGRP.
  • SK-N-MC (4C 10) was cultured in Minimal Essential Media (MEM) (Invitrogen) supplemented with ImM non-essential amino acids solution (Invitrogen), 100 units/ml Penicillin- Streptomycin (Invitrogen), ImM sodium pyruvate (Invitrogen) and 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • MEM Minimal Essential Media
  • Invitrogen ImM non-essential amino acids solution
  • Penicillin- Streptomycin Invitrogen
  • ImM sodium pyruvate Invitrogen
  • 10% fetal bovine serum 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • low serum, 1% FBS in MEM was used.
  • 30,000 cells were plated into each wells of poly-D-lysine coated 384-well plate (Becton Dickinson) a day prior to the assay.
  • SK-N-MC (4C10) was preinc ⁇ bated with compounds for 30 m ⁇ n before the addition of 200 pM CGRP.
  • the assay was incubated for 3 hours at 37 0 C to allow ⁇ -lactamase expression.
  • CCF4 dye was added and incubated for 2 hours at room temperature.
  • the fluorescent signals were read using a fluorescence plate reader, Topology Compensatory Plate Reader (tcPR) at excitation wavelength, 400 nm and emission wavelengths, 460 nm for the product and 535 nm for the parent.
  • the ratio of values at 460 to 535 nm was used to calculate percent of activation. Curve fitting and IC50 calculation were carried about using MOD3.
  • Purified SK-N-MC membrane was purchased from Perkin Elmer. The membrane was thawed quickly and placed on ice. The compounds were diluted with CGRP binding solution (25 raM Tris-HCl, pH7.4, 5 mM MgC12, 0.1% BSA and 0.05% Tween). The membrane was diluted 1 :20 with the binding solution and homogenized with Tissue Matster-50 Homogenizer (Omni International) for 30 sec. The homogenized membrane was added to compounds in the binding solution.
  • CGRP binding solution 25 raM Tris-HCl, pH7.4, 5 mM MgC12, 0.1% BSA and 0.05% Tween.
  • the membrane was diluted 1 :20 with the binding solution and homogenized with Tissue Matster-50 Homogenizer (Omni International) for 30 sec. The homogenized membrane was added to compounds in the binding solution.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des antagonistes du récepteur du peptide lié au gène de la calcitonine (CGRP), des compositions pharmaceutiques les contenant, et des procédés associés destinés au traitement de maladies et de pathologies induites par le récepteur du CGRP.
EP07796082A 2006-06-13 2007-06-13 Antagonistes du récepteur du cgrp Withdrawn EP2027106A2 (fr)

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US7834000B2 (en) * 2006-06-13 2010-11-16 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated CGRP receptor antagonists
US8383629B2 (en) * 2008-02-27 2013-02-26 Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1
JP5923375B2 (ja) * 2012-04-24 2016-05-24 花王株式会社 Ｃｇｒｐ応答性促進剤
US8906951B1 (en) 2013-06-24 2014-12-09 Tigercat Pharma, Inc. Use of NK-1 receptor antagonists in pruritus
US9198898B2 (en) 2013-06-24 2015-12-01 Tigercat Pharma, Inc. Use of NK-1 receptor antagonists in pruritus
JO3669B1 (ar) * 2015-01-06 2020-08-27 Ferring Bv بيبتيدات مضَادَّة لببتيد المرتبط بجين الكالسيتونين
WO2019112024A1 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 キッセイ薬品工業株式会社 Composé de pyrrolidine
WO2019141808A1 (fr) 2018-01-19 2019-07-25 Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd Modulateurs du récepteur c5a
US20210121541A1 (en) * 2019-07-05 2021-04-29 Allergan Pharmaceuticals International Limited CGRP Antagonists and Clostridial Derivatives for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders
WO2021005493A1 (fr) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-14 Allergan Pharmaceuticals International Limited Antagonistes du cgrp et toxines botuliniques pour le traitement de troubles inflammatoires et neurologiques
US11976067B2 (en) 2022-01-18 2024-05-07 Maze Therapeutics, Inc. APOL1 inhibitors and methods of use

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CA2487976C (fr) * 2002-06-05 2011-07-26 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Antagonistes des recepteurs du peptide relie au gene de la calcitonine
GB2396613A (en) * 2002-08-23 2004-06-30 Ionix Pharmaceuticals Ltd Five-membered heterocyclic compounds in the treatment of chronic and acute pain
JO2355B1 (en) * 2003-04-15 2006-12-12 ميرك شارب اند دوم كوربوريشن Hereditary calcitonin polypeptide receptor antagonists
JP4705912B2 (ja) * 2003-06-26 2011-06-22 メルク・シャープ・エンド・ドーム・コーポレイション ベンゾジアゼピンｃｇｒｐ受容体拮抗物質

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MX2008015906A (es) 2009-03-06
IL195807A0 (en) 2009-09-01
CA2655085A1 (fr) 2007-12-21
JP5382799B2 (ja) 2014-01-08
JP2009539997A (ja) 2009-11-19
TW200813019A (en) 2008-03-16
NZ574097A (en) 2012-01-12
AR061362A1 (es) 2008-08-20
WO2007146349A3 (fr) 2008-09-25
CN101501009A (zh) 2009-08-05
ZA200810791B (en) 2010-03-31
WO2007146349A2 (fr) 2007-12-21

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