EP2026916A1 - Rolling stand for producing rolled strip or sheet - Google Patents

Rolling stand for producing rolled strip or sheet

Info

Publication number
EP2026916A1
EP2026916A1 EP07725995A EP07725995A EP2026916A1 EP 2026916 A1 EP2026916 A1 EP 2026916A1 EP 07725995 A EP07725995 A EP 07725995A EP 07725995 A EP07725995 A EP 07725995A EP 2026916 A1 EP2026916 A1 EP 2026916A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rolls
contour
bale
function
roll
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07725995A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2026916B1 (en
Inventor
Alois Seilinger
Markus Widder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co, Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Austria filed Critical Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH and Co
Priority to PL07725995T priority Critical patent/PL2026916T3/en
Priority to SI200731046T priority patent/SI2026916T1/en
Publication of EP2026916A1 publication Critical patent/EP2026916A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2026916B1 publication Critical patent/EP2026916B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/14—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load; Back-up rolls
    • B21B13/142—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load; Back-up rolls by axially shifting the rolls, e.g. rolls with tapered ends or with a curved contour for continuously-variable crown CVC
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/02—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged horizontally
    • B21B2013/025—Quarto, four-high stands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/02—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged horizontally
    • B21B2013/028—Sixto, six-high stands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B21B27/021—Rolls for sheets or strips
    • B21B2027/022—Rolls having tapered ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B21B27/021—Rolls for sheets or strips

Definitions

  • Roll mill for the production of rolled strip or sheet metal
  • the invention relates to a rolling stand for the production of rolled strip or sheet metal with work rolls, which are supported on support rolls or intermediate rolls and backup rolls, wherein the work rolls and / or intermediate rolls are arranged axially displaceable against each other in the rolling stand and each working and / or intermediate roll over the entire having effective bale length, curved, describable by a trigonometric function bale contour and complement these two bale contours complementary only in a certain relative axial position of the rollers of the roller pair in the unloaded state.
  • a roll stand of the generic type is already known from AT 410765 B.
  • the roll bale contour of these rollers known in the art under the name SmartCrown® is mathematically describable by a modified sine function. By a suitable choice of the contour parameters, this results in a cosinusoidal idling gap, which can be influenced in its amplitude by axial displacement of the rollers.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art described above and to propose a rolling stand, in which to minimize inhomogeneities in the load distribution along the line of contact of the support rollers and their adjacent rollers, and in particular to reduce local load peaks in the load distribution curve and thus the duration of use To increase the rollers and the necessary regrinding intervals.
  • This object is achieved in a rolling stand of the type described above in that the support rollers have a complementary bale contour and in the unloaded state, a partial or complete complement of the bale contours of the support rollers and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls occurs.
  • this partial or complete complement of the bale contours refers to the two back-up rolls and the respective adjacent work rolls.
  • this partial or complete complement of the bale contours refers to the two back-up rolls and the respective adjacent intermediate rolls.
  • the shortest possible displacement stroke of the work rolls is advantageous, since both the displacement time and the plant technology to be provided for sliding guides can be kept short.
  • a short displacement stroke leads to larger diameter differences over the bale length occurring with a given profile adjustment range of the work rolls than with a longer displacement stroke.
  • the rolls in the roll stand are aligned according to a possible embodiment of the invention so that a complete complement of the bale contours of the backing rolls and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls occurs in the unshifted state of the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls.
  • R B (X) support roller radius at the point x of the axial support roller extension
  • R B (x) R 0 + kr B (x) with k contour factor (k ⁇ 1)
  • the complete complement of the roll bale contours results.
  • a complete completion of the roll bale contours is no longer possible.
  • the contour factor may be greater or less than 1.
  • bale ends of the rolls are usually chamfered and thus have an exemption in these edge regions.
  • Exemptions of this type are already known from EP 0 258 482 A1 or EP 1 228 818 A2. These exemptions are formed in contoured roll bales in marginal areas with increasing towards the edge bale radius by a cylindrical bale end, as shown in EP 0 258 482 A1 or may be formed in rolls with cylindrical roll bale contour by a cone-shaped edge region, as for example in the EP 1 228 818 A2 is shown and described.
  • the bale contour of the work rolls or of the intermediate rolls or of the support rolls in at least one of Edge regions of their longitudinal extent chamfers, which form in this border areas corrected bale contours, which result by subtracting any mathematical chamfering function of the contour function, the slope of the bale contour and the slope of the corrected bale contour in the transition point from the bale contour to the corrected bale contour are the same.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a four-high stand with contoured work rolls and cylindrical support rolls according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows the typical load distribution between work rolls and support rolls in a four-high stand according to FIG. 1, FIG.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a four-high stand with contoured work rolls and complementary back-up rolls according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows the typical load distribution between work rolls and support rolls in a four-high stand with the roll formation according to the invention according to FIG. 3, FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a six-high stand with contoured backup rolls and complementary intermediate rolls according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 shows the inventive contour of the upper support roller with a circular chamfer compared with a bale contour according to the prior art.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 the load distribution between back-up rolls and work rolls in a roll bale contour according to the prior art is compared with the load distribution between back-up rolls and work rolls in a roll bale contour according to the invention using the example of a four-high stand.
  • the axially displaceable work rolls 1 each have a bale contour 3 that can be described by a modified sine function. These bale contours 3 complement each other in a certain relative axial position of the rolls of the pair of work rolls complementary.
  • the work rolls 1 are supported by support rollers 2, which have a cylindrical bale contour 4 and are supported on the work rolls acting rolling forces.
  • the load distribution between the upper work roll 1 and the upper support roll 2 is shown in Figure 2 for this case of roll barrel design, where the specific force between the rolls is plotted over the bale length and on the one hand load peaks in the edge region and, on the other hand, maximum and minimum values corresponding to the sinusoidal Contouring occur. For four selected values of the maximum relative axial displacement (displacement stroke) of the work rolls relative to each other, load distribution curves are shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the roll arrangement in a four-high stand with work rolls 1 and support rolls 2.
  • the axially displaceable work rolls 1 each have a bale contour 3 which can be described by a modified sine function, these bale contours being complementary in a specific relative axial position of the work rolls complete.
  • the two support rollers 2 also have a complementary complementary bale contour 4, which is also formed by a modified sine function, the bale contours of the adjacent, cooperating work roll 1 and support roller 2 completely complement each other in an unloaded state.
  • the load distribution between the upper work roll 1 and the upper backup roll 2 is shown in FIG. 4 for this case of the roll bale design. Load peaks in the edge area appear differently depending on the axial displacement. Altogether it shows over the rolling ball course at the However, the invention already a basic equalization of the load distribution.
  • FIG. 5 shows, in a schematic arrangement, the roller arrangement in a six-high stand with work rolls 1, intermediate rolls 5 and support rolls 2, the work rolls being supported on the support rolls via the intermediate rolls.
  • the work rolls 1 are equipped with a cylindrical bale contour 3.
  • the bale contour of the work rolls can also be oriented to the bale contour of the adjacent intermediate rolls.
  • the intermediate rollers 5 have a bale contour 6 that can be described by a modified sine function.
  • the support rollers 2 have a bale contour 4 that can be described by a sine function.
  • the bale contours 4 of the support rollers 2 and the bale contour of the intermediate rollers 5 complement each other completely in the unshifted axial position of the axially adjustable intermediate rollers 5 in the unloaded state.
  • FIG. 7 shows the course of the roll bale contour 7 of a back-up roll or intermediate roll or work roll over the length of the bale.
  • dash-dotted lines 8, 9 known from the prior art possibilities of chamfering a roller in the end regions are shown to avoid high edge pressures.
  • the chamfering according to the dotted line 8 produces a cylindrical end portion and the chamfering corresponding to the dotted line 9 a cone-shaped end portion of the rollers, in both cases a kink 10 in the contour over the bale length occurs, which forms a circumferential edge on the roller.
  • An improvement in the Loading conditions result from a chamfer gradually approaching chamfer, resulting in both sides of a corrected bale contour, which is illustrated by the dotted lines 11 and 12.
  • both curves have the same slope as the tangent t.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

A rolling mill stand for the production of rolled strip or sheet metal includes working rolls which are supported on respective supporting rolls or on intermediate rolls which are supported on supporting rolls. At least one of the rolls having a barrel contour which runs over the entire effective barrel length and can be described by a non-linear function. The barrel contour of this at least one roll having chamfers in at least one of the marginal regions of its longitudinal extent and the chamfers forming a corrected barrel contour in these marginal regions, so that inhomogeneities in the load distribution along the contact line of two adjacent rolls, and in particular in the region of the edges of the strip, are minimized. The corrected barrel contour is obtained by subtracting any non-linear mathematical chamfer function from the contour function described by the non-linear function, so that the pitch of the barrel contour and the pitch of the corrected barrel contour at a transition point from the barrel contour to the corrected barrel contour are identical.

Description

Walzqerüst zur Herstellung von Walzband oder BlechRoll mill for the production of rolled strip or sheet metal
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Walzgerüst zur Herstellung von Walzband oder Blech mit Arbeitswalzen, die sich an Stützwalzen oder Zwischenwalzen und Stützwalzen abstützen, wobei die Arbeitswalzen und/oder Zwischenwalzen im Walzgerüst gegeneinander axial verschiebbar angeordnet sind und jede Arbeits- und/oder Zwischenwalze eine über die gesamte wirksame Ballenlänge verlaufende, gekrümmte, durch eine trigonometrische Funktion beschreibbare Ballenkontur aufweist und sich diese beiden Ballenkonturen ausschließlich in einer bestimmten relativen Axialstellung der Walzen des Walzenpaares im unbelasteten Zustand komplementär ergänzen.The invention relates to a rolling stand for the production of rolled strip or sheet metal with work rolls, which are supported on support rolls or intermediate rolls and backup rolls, wherein the work rolls and / or intermediate rolls are arranged axially displaceable against each other in the rolling stand and each working and / or intermediate roll over the entire having effective bale length, curved, describable by a trigonometric function bale contour and complement these two bale contours complementary only in a certain relative axial position of the rollers of the roller pair in the unloaded state.
Bei Quarto-Walzgerüsten oder Sexto-Walzgerüsten gehört es zur gängigen Praxis, zumindest die beiden Arbeitswalzen oder die beiden Zwischenwalzen mit einer speziellen Ballenkontur auszustatten und axial wirkende Verstelleinrichtungen für diese Arbeitswalzen oder Stützwalzen vorzusehen, um die Walzspaltkontur in Abhängigkeit vom aktuellen Walzbandprofil einstellen zu können.In the case of four-high rolling stands or six-high rolling stands, it is common practice to equip at least the two work rolls or the two intermediate rolls with a special bale contour and to provide axially acting adjusting devices for these work rolls or backup rolls in order to be able to set the roll gap contour as a function of the current rolled strip profile.
Ein Walzgerüst der gattungsbildenden Art ist bereits aus der AT 410765 B bekannt. Die Walzballenkontur dieser in der Fachwelt unter der Bezeichnung SmartCrown® bekannten Walzen ist mathematisch durch eine modifizierte Sinusfunktion beschreibbar. Durch geeignete Wahl der Konturparameter ergibt sich dabei ein kosinusförmiger Leerwalzspalt, der durch Axialverschiebung der Walzen in seiner Amplitude gezielt beeinflusst werden kann.A roll stand of the generic type is already known from AT 410765 B. The roll bale contour of these rollers known in the art under the name SmartCrown® is mathematically describable by a modified sine function. By a suitable choice of the contour parameters, this results in a cosinusoidal idling gap, which can be influenced in its amplitude by axial displacement of the rollers.
Bei Einsatz von Arbeitswalzen bzw. Zwischenwalzen mit dieser speziellen Ballenkontur und zylindrisch geformten Stützwalzen in Quarto- oder Sexto-Walzgerüsten, wie im Normalfall üblich, ist es unvermeidbar, dass es im laufenden Walzbetrieb zu inhomogenen Lastverteilungen zwischen den Stützwalzen und den unmittelbar benachbarten Walzen kommt. Da der mit Hilfe der konturierten Walzen abzudeckende Balligkeitsbereich immer durch die Anforderungen des Walzprozesses bestimmt werden, wie beispielsweise durch unterschiedliche Prozessparameter, Dimensionen und verformungstechnische Eigenschaften des Walzgutes, ist der Verschiebehub der konturierten Walzen die einzige Einflussgröße, mit welcher sich die Ausgeprägtheit der Inhomogenität der Lastverteilung beeinflussen lässt.When using work rolls or intermediate rolls with this special bale contour and cylindrically shaped back-up rolls in four-high or six-high rolling stands, as is usual in the normal case, it is unavoidable that during continuous rolling operation inhomogeneous load distributions between the back-up rolls and the immediately adjacent rolls. Since the crown area to be covered with the aid of the contoured rolls is always determined by the requirements of the rolling process, for example by different process parameters, dimensions and deformation properties of the rolling stock, the displacement stroke of the contoured rolls is the only one Influence variable with which the expressiveness of the inhomogeneity of the load distribution can be influenced.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, die zuvor beschriebenen Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu vermeiden und ein Walzgerüst vorzuschlagen, bei dem Inhomogenitäten in der Lastverteilung entlang der Kontaktlinie der Stützwalzen und ihrer Nachbarwalzen zu minimieren und insbesondere örtliche Belastungsspitzen im Lastverteilungsverlauf abzubauen und damit die Einsatzdauer der Walzen und die notwendigen Nachschleifintervalle zu vergrößern.The object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art described above and to propose a rolling stand, in which to minimize inhomogeneities in the load distribution along the line of contact of the support rollers and their adjacent rollers, and in particular to reduce local load peaks in the load distribution curve and thus the duration of use To increase the rollers and the necessary regrinding intervals.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Walzgerüst der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Stützwalzen eine komplementäre Ballenkontur aufweisen und im unbelasteten Zustand eine teilweise oder vollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen der Stützwalzen und der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen auftritt.This object is achieved in a rolling stand of the type described above in that the support rollers have a complementary bale contour and in the unloaded state, a partial or complete complement of the bale contours of the support rollers and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls occurs.
Bei einem Quartogerüst bezieht sich diese teilweise oder vollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen auf die beiden Stützwalzen und die jeweils benachbarten Arbeitswalzen. Bei einem Sextogerüst bezieht sich diese teilweise oder vollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen auf die beiden Stützwalzen und die jeweils benachbarten Zwischenwalzen.In a quartz scaffolding, this partial or complete complement of the bale contours refers to the two back-up rolls and the respective adjacent work rolls. In a sexto scaffolding, this partial or complete complement of the bale contours refers to the two back-up rolls and the respective adjacent intermediate rolls.
Aus prozesstechnischer Sicht ist ein möglichst kurzer Verschiebehub der Arbeitswalzen von Vorteil, da damit sowohl die Verschiebezeit als auch die anlagentechnisch vorzusehenden Verschiebeführungen kurz gehalten werden können. Ein kurzer Verschiebehub führt allerdings dazu, dass bei einem vorgegebenen Profilstellbereich der Arbeitswalzen größere Durchmesserunterschiede über der Ballenlänge auftreten als bei einem längeren Verschiebehub. Diese Nachteile aus einem kurzen Verschiebehub können durch die komplementäre Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen von Stützwalzen und benachbarten Walzen wesentlich reduziert werden.From a process engineering point of view, the shortest possible displacement stroke of the work rolls is advantageous, since both the displacement time and the plant technology to be provided for sliding guides can be kept short. However, a short displacement stroke leads to larger diameter differences over the bale length occurring with a given profile adjustment range of the work rolls than with a longer displacement stroke. These disadvantages of a short displacement stroke can be significantly reduced by the complementary complement of the bale contours of backup rolls and adjacent rolls.
Die Walzen im Walzgerüst sind nach einer möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung so ausgerichtet, dass eine vollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen der Stützwalzen und der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen im unverschobenen Zustand der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen auftritt.The rolls in the roll stand are aligned according to a possible embodiment of the invention so that a complete complement of the bale contours of the backing rolls and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls occurs in the unshifted state of the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls.
Da der maximale Verschiebehub in der Regel jedoch wesentlich kleiner als die Walzenballenlänge ist, treten auch in einem verschobenen Zustand der Walzen im unbelasteten Zustand zwischen den Walzen wesentlich kleinere Spalte als bei zylindrischen Stützwalzen auf, wodurch es in jedem Betriebszustand zu einer annähernd homogenen Lastverteilung zwischen den Walzen kommt.Since the maximum displacement stroke is, however, usually much smaller than the roll barrel length, occur in a shifted state of the rolls in unloaded state between the rollers much smaller gap than in cylindrical support rollers, whereby it comes in any operating condition to an approximately homogeneous load distribution between the rollers.
Nach einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die zugrunde liegendeAccording to another possible embodiment of the invention, the underlying
Aufgabe auch dann gelöst, wenn eine unvollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen derProblem solved even if an incomplete complement of the bale contours of the
Stützwalzen und der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen im unverschobenen Zustand der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oderBack-up rolls and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls in the unmoved state of the immediately adjacent work rolls or
Zwischenwalzen unter der Bedingung auftritt, dass bei einem Stützwalzenradius RB(X) entsprechend der Formel RB(x) = R0 + k.rB(x) mitIntermediate rolling occurs under the condition that at a support roller radius R B (X) according to the formula R B (x) = R 0 + kr B (x) with
RB(X) Stützwalzenradius an der Stelle x der axialen Stützwalzenerstreckung,R B (X) support roller radius at the point x of the axial support roller extension,
R0 Radiusoffset, rB(x) Kontur an der Stelle x der axialen Stützwalzenerstreckung und k Korrekturfaktor, der Korrekturfaktor k im Intervall 0 < k ≤ 2 unter Ausschluss des Wertes k = 1 festgelegt ist.R 0 radius offset, r B (x) contour at the point x of the axial support roll extension and k correction factor, the correction factor k is set in the interval 0 <k ≤ 2 excluding the value k = 1.
Dieser Formalismus lässt sich ausgehend von einer Betrachtung der geometrischen Zusammenhänge bei einer vollständigen Ergänzung der Walzenballenkonturen einer Stützwalze und ihrer benachbarten Walze darstellen.This formalism can be seen starting from a consideration of the geometric relationships in a complete complement of the roll bale contours of a back-up roll and its adjacent roll.
Bei einer vollständigen Ergänzung der Walzenballenkontur der Stützwalze und der benachbarten Walze (Zwischenwalze oder Arbeitswalze) sind die Achsen der beidenIn a complete complement of the roll bale contour of the backup roll and the adjacent roll (intermediate roll or work roll) are the axes of the two
Walzen im unbelasteten Zustand parallel. Für die Radien der Walzen bedeutet dies: A mitRollers in unloaded condition parallel. For the radii of the rollers this means: A with
RN(x) Radius der Nachbarwalze an der Stelle xR N (x) radius of neighbor roll at location x
RB(X) Radius der Stützwalze an der Stelle xR B (X) radius of the support roller at the position x
A AchsabstandA center distance
Durch die Definition der Kontur der Arbeits- oder Zwischenwalze ist damit auch die Kontur der Stützwalze in diesem Fall vollständig bestimmt. Der Radius setzt sich dabei aus einem Offset-Wert R0 und der eigentlichen Kontur rB zusammen, die eine modifizierte Sinusfunktion darstellt: RB(X) = A - RN(X) = R0 + rB(x) mitBy defining the contour of the working or intermediate roller so that the contour of the support roller is completely determined in this case. The radius is composed of an offset value R 0 and the actual contour r B , which represents a modified sine function: R B (X) = A - R N (X) = R 0 + r B (x) With
R0 Radiusoffset rB(x) Kontur an der Stelle xR 0 radius offset r B (x) contour at position x
Eine unvollständige Ergänzung tritt daher dann auf, wenn die Konturfunktion rB durch einenAn incomplete complement therefore occurs when the contour function r B by a
Korrekturfaktor k modifiziert wird. Daraus folgt:Correction factor k is modified. It follows:
RB(x) = R0 + k.rB(x) mit k Konturfaktor (k ≠ 1 )R B (x) = R 0 + kr B (x) with k contour factor (k ≠ 1)
Für den Fall k = 1 ergibt sich die vollständige Ergänzung der Walzenballenkonturen. Bei einer Abweichung des Konturfaktors k vom Wert k = 1 ist eine vollständige Ergänzung der Walzenballenkonturen nicht mehr gegeben. Der Konturfaktor kann größer oder kleiner als 1 sein. Die Position der Extrempunkte und der Wendepunkte der Walzenballenkontur bleiben dabei unverändert. Nimmt der Konturfaktor k den Wert 0 an, wird die Stützwalzen- Ballenkontur zylindrisch. Eine ausreichende Minimierung der Inhomogenitäten in der Lastverteilung entlang der Walzenballenkontur wird mit Korrekturfaktoren im gewählten Bereich 0 < k ≤ 2 unter Ausschluss des Wertes k=1 erreicht.For the case k = 1, the complete complement of the roll bale contours results. In the case of a deviation of the contour factor k from the value k = 1, a complete completion of the roll bale contours is no longer possible. The contour factor may be greater or less than 1. The position of the extreme points and the turning points of the roll bale contour remain unchanged. If the contour factor k assumes the value 0, the backup roll bale contour becomes cylindrical. A sufficient minimization of the inhomogeneities in the load distribution along the roll bale contour is achieved with correction factors in the selected range 0 <k ≦ 2, excluding the value k = 1.
Um unzulässig hohe Kantenpressungen zwischen Arbeitswalzen und Stützwalzen oder zwischen Zwischenwalzen und Stützwalzen zu vermeiden, sind Ballenenden der Walzen üblicherweise angefast und weisen in diesen Randbereichen somit eine Freistellung auf. Freistellungen dieser Art sind aus der EP 0 258 482 A1 oder der EP 1 228 818 A2 bereits bekannt. Diese Freistellungen sind bei konturierten Walzenballen in Randbereichen mit zum Rand hin zunehmenden Ballenradius durch ein zylindrisches Ballenende ausgebildet, wie dies in der EP 0 258 482 A1 dargestellt ist oder kann bei Walzen mit zylindrischer Walzenballenkontur durch einen konusförmigen Randbereich ausgebildet sein, wie dies beispielsweise in der EP 1 228 818 A2 dargestellt und beschrieben ist. Jedenfalls kommt es bei diesen bekannten Freistellungen lediglich zu einer Verlagerung der kritischen Pressung von den Ballenenden (Kanten) zum Übergangsbereich zwischen der verbliebenen Ballenkontur und der Kontur der Anfasung, da bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Anfasung wiederum einen Knick im Konturverlauf des Walzenballens auftritt.To avoid inadmissibly high edge pressures between work rolls and back-up rolls or between intermediate rolls and back-up rolls, bale ends of the rolls are usually chamfered and thus have an exemption in these edge regions. Exemptions of this type are already known from EP 0 258 482 A1 or EP 1 228 818 A2. These exemptions are formed in contoured roll bales in marginal areas with increasing towards the edge bale radius by a cylindrical bale end, as shown in EP 0 258 482 A1 or may be formed in rolls with cylindrical roll bale contour by a cone-shaped edge region, as for example in the EP 1 228 818 A2 is shown and described. In any case, these known exemptions only result in a shift of the critical pressure from the bale ends (edges) to the transitional area between the remaining bale contour and the contour of the chamfer, since in this embodiment the chamfering again occurs in the contour of the roll bale.
Um die Belastung an den Endbereichen der Walzenballen weiter zu vergleichmäßigen und damit Spitzenbelastungen durch Pressung abzubauen, weist die Ballenkontur der Arbeitswalzen oder der Zwischenwalzen oder der Stützwalzen in mindestens einem der Randbereiche ihrer Längserstreckung Anfasungen auf, die in diesen Randbereichen korrigierte Ballenkonturen bilden, die sich durch Subtraktion einer beliebigen mathematischen Anfasungsfunktion von der Konturfunktion ergeben, wobei die Steigung der Ballenkontur und die Steigung der korrigierten Ballenkontur im Übergangspunkt von der Ballenkontur zur korrigierten Ballenkontur gleich sind.In order to further equalize the load on the end areas of the roll bales and thus reduce peak loads by pressing, the bale contour of the work rolls or of the intermediate rolls or of the support rolls in at least one of Edge regions of their longitudinal extent chamfers, which form in this border areas corrected bale contours, which result by subtracting any mathematical chamfering function of the contour function, the slope of the bale contour and the slope of the corrected bale contour in the transition point from the bale contour to the corrected bale contour are the same.
Sehr gute Ergebnisse hinsichtlich einer Minimierung und Vergleichmäßigung der Lastverteilung werden erzielt, wenn die Anfasungsfunktion von einer Kreisfunktion gebildet ist. Ähnlich gute Ergebnisse werden auch erzielt, wenn die Anfasungsfunktion von einer Sinusfunktion oder einer Funktion 2. Ordnung, beispielsweise einer parabolischen Funktion gebildet ist.Very good results in terms of minimization and equalization of the load distribution are achieved when the chamfering function is formed by a circular function. Similarly good results are achieved if the chamfering function is formed by a sine function or a second-order function, for example a parabolic function.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung nicht einschränkender Ausführungsbeispiele, wobei auf die beiliegenden Figuren Bezug genommen wird, die Folgendes zeigen:Further advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of non-limiting embodiments, reference being made to the attached figures, which show:
Fig. 1 die schematische Darstellung eines Quarto-Gerüstes mit konturierten Arbeitswalzen und zylindrischen Stützwalzen gemäß dem Stand der Technik,1 is a schematic representation of a four-high stand with contoured work rolls and cylindrical support rolls according to the prior art,
Fig. 2 die typische Lastverteilung zwischen Arbeitswalzen und Stützwalzen in einem Quarto-Gerüst gemäß Figur 1 ,2 shows the typical load distribution between work rolls and support rolls in a four-high stand according to FIG. 1, FIG.
Fig. 3 die schematische Darstellung eines Quarto-Gerüstes mit konturierten Arbeitswalzen und komplementären Stützwalzen gemäß der Erfindung.Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a four-high stand with contoured work rolls and complementary back-up rolls according to the invention.
Fig. 4 die typische Lastverteilung zwischen Arbeitswalzen und Stützwalzen in einem Quarto-Gerüst mit der erfindungsgemäßen Walzenausbildung gemäß Figur 3,4 shows the typical load distribution between work rolls and support rolls in a four-high stand with the roll formation according to the invention according to FIG. 3, FIG.
Fig. 5 die schematische Darstellung eines Sexto-Gerüstes mit konturierten Stützwalzen und komplementären Zwischenwalzen gemäß der Erfindung,5 is a schematic representation of a six-high stand with contoured backup rolls and complementary intermediate rolls according to the invention,
Fig. 6 die schematische Darstellung eines Quarto-Gerüstes mit konturierten Arbeitswalzen und komplementären Stützwalzen gemäß der Erfindung mit einem Korrekturfaktor k=0,75, Fig. 7 die erfindungsgemäße Kontur der oberen Stützwalze mit einer kreisförmigen Anfasung im Vergleich mit einer Ballenkontur gemäß Stand der Technik.6 is a schematic representation of a four-high stand with contoured work rolls and complementary back-up rolls according to the invention with a correction factor k = 0.75. Fig. 7 shows the inventive contour of the upper support roller with a circular chamfer compared with a bale contour according to the prior art.
In den Figuren 1 bis 4 wird die Lastverteilung zwischen Stützwalzen und Arbeitswalzen bei einer Walzenballenkontur gemäß dem Stand der Technik der Lastverteilung zwischen Stützwalzen und Arbeitswalzen bei einer Walzenballenkontur gemäß der Erfindung am Beispiel eines Quarto-Gerüstes gegenübergestellt.In FIGS. 1 to 4, the load distribution between back-up rolls and work rolls in a roll bale contour according to the prior art is compared with the load distribution between back-up rolls and work rolls in a roll bale contour according to the invention using the example of a four-high stand.
Figur 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung die Walzenanordnung in einem Quarto- Gerüst zum Walzen eines Metallbandes B, insbesondere eines Stahlbandes mit Arbeitswalzen 1 und Stützwalzen 2. Die axial verschiebbaren Arbeitswalzen 1 weisen jeweils eine durch eine modifizierte Sinusfunktion beschreibbare Ballenkontur 3 auf. Diese Ballenkonturen 3 ergänzen sich in einer bestimmten relativen Axialstellung der Walzen des Arbeitswalzenpaares komplementär. Die Arbeitswalzen 1 werden von Stützwalzen 2 gestützt, die eine zylindrische Ballenkontur 4 aufweisen und auf die Arbeitswalzen einwirkende Walzkräfte abstützen. Die Lastverteilung zwischen der oberen Arbeitswalze 1 und der oberen Stützwalze 2 ist für diesen Fall der Walzenballengestaltung in Figur 2 dargestellt, wobei die spezifische Kraft zwischen den Walzen über die Ballenlänge aufgetragen ist und einerseits Belastungsspitzen im Kantenbereich hervortreten und andererseits Maximal- und Minimalwerte entsprechend dem sinusförmigen Konturverlauf auftreten. Für vier ausgewählte Werte der maximalen relativen Axialverschiebung (Verschiebehub) der Arbeitswalzen zueinander sind Lastverteilungskurven dargestellt.1 shows a schematic representation of the roll arrangement in a four-high stand for rolling a metal strip B, in particular a steel strip with work rolls 1 and back-up rolls 2. The axially displaceable work rolls 1 each have a bale contour 3 that can be described by a modified sine function. These bale contours 3 complement each other in a certain relative axial position of the rolls of the pair of work rolls complementary. The work rolls 1 are supported by support rollers 2, which have a cylindrical bale contour 4 and are supported on the work rolls acting rolling forces. The load distribution between the upper work roll 1 and the upper support roll 2 is shown in Figure 2 for this case of roll barrel design, where the specific force between the rolls is plotted over the bale length and on the one hand load peaks in the edge region and, on the other hand, maximum and minimum values corresponding to the sinusoidal Contouring occur. For four selected values of the maximum relative axial displacement (displacement stroke) of the work rolls relative to each other, load distribution curves are shown.
Figur 3 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung die Walzenanordnung in einem Quarto- Gerüst mit Arbeitswalzen 1 und Stützwalzen 2. Die axial verschiebbaren Arbeitswalzen 1 weisen jeweils eine durch eine modifizierte Sinusfunktion beschreibbare Ballenkontur 3 auf, wobei sich diese Ballenkonturen in einer bestimmten relativen Axialstellung der Arbeitswalzen komplementär ergänzen. Die beiden Stützwalzen 2 weisen ebenfalls eine sich ergänzende komplementäre Ballenkontur 4 auf, die ebenfalls von einer modifizierten Sinusfunktion gebildet ist, wobei sich die Ballenkonturen der benachbarten, zusammenwirkenden Arbeitswalze 1 und Stützwalze 2 in einem unbelasteten Zustand vollständig ergänzen. Die Lastverteilung zwischen der oberen Arbeitswalze 1 und der oberen Stützwalze 2 ist für diesen Fall der Walzenballengestaltung in Figur 4 dargestellt. Belastungsspitzen im Kantenbereich treten in Abhängigkeit von der Axialverschiebung unterschiedlich stark hervor. Insgesamt zeigt sich über den Walzballenverlauf bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung jedoch bereits eine grundlegende Vergleichmäßigung der Lastverteilung.FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the roll arrangement in a four-high stand with work rolls 1 and support rolls 2. The axially displaceable work rolls 1 each have a bale contour 3 which can be described by a modified sine function, these bale contours being complementary in a specific relative axial position of the work rolls complete. The two support rollers 2 also have a complementary complementary bale contour 4, which is also formed by a modified sine function, the bale contours of the adjacent, cooperating work roll 1 and support roller 2 completely complement each other in an unloaded state. The load distribution between the upper work roll 1 and the upper backup roll 2 is shown in FIG. 4 for this case of the roll bale design. Load peaks in the edge area appear differently depending on the axial displacement. Altogether it shows over the rolling ball course at the However, the invention already a basic equalization of the load distribution.
Figur 5 zeigt in einer schematischen Anordnung die Walzenanordnung in einem Sexto- Gerüst mit Arbeitswalzen 1 , Zwischenwalzen 5 und Stützwalzen 2, wobei die Arbeitswalzen über die Zwischenwalzen an den Stützwalzen abgestützt sind. Die Arbeitswalzen 1 sind mit einer zylindrischen Ballenkontur 3 ausgestattet. Nach einer weiteren möglichen Ausgestaltung kann sich die Ballenkontur der Arbeitswalzen jedoch auch an der Ballenkontur der benachbarten Zwischenwalzen orientieren. Die Zwischenwalzen 5 weisen eine durch eine modifizierte Sinusfunktion beschreibbare Ballenkontur 6 auf. Gleichermaßen weisen die Stützwalzen 2 eine durch eine Sinusfunktion beschreibbare Ballenkontur 4 auf. Die Ballenkonturen 4 der Stützwalzen 2 und die Ballenkontur der Zwischenwalzen 5 ergänzen sich in der unverschobenen Axialstellung der axial verstellbaren Zwischenwalzen 5 im unbelasteten Zustand vollständig.FIG. 5 shows, in a schematic arrangement, the roller arrangement in a six-high stand with work rolls 1, intermediate rolls 5 and support rolls 2, the work rolls being supported on the support rolls via the intermediate rolls. The work rolls 1 are equipped with a cylindrical bale contour 3. According to another possible embodiment, however, the bale contour of the work rolls can also be oriented to the bale contour of the adjacent intermediate rolls. The intermediate rollers 5 have a bale contour 6 that can be described by a modified sine function. Likewise, the support rollers 2 have a bale contour 4 that can be described by a sine function. The bale contours 4 of the support rollers 2 and the bale contour of the intermediate rollers 5 complement each other completely in the unshifted axial position of the axially adjustable intermediate rollers 5 in the unloaded state.
Figur 6 zeigt Arbeitswalzen 1 und Stützwalzen 2 in einem Quarto-Gerüst in einer schematischen Darstellung, wobei der grundsätzliche Aufbau der Ballenkonturen 3, 4 der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 folgt. Allerdings ist der Konturverlauf durch einen Konturfaktor k = 0,75 verändert, wodurch im unbelasteten Zustand nur mehr eine teilweise Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen der Stützwalze 2 und der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalze 1 auftritt.FIG. 6 shows work rolls 1 and support rolls 2 in a four-high stand in a schematic representation, the basic structure of the bale contours 3, 4 following the embodiment according to FIG. However, the contour curve is changed by a contour factor k = 0.75, whereby only a partial completion of the bale contours of the support roller 2 and the immediately adjacent work roll 1 occurs in the unloaded state.
Nach einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform ist es gleichermaßen bei einem Sexto- Gerüst analog der Figur 5 möglich, den Konturverlauf der Stützwalzen und der Zwischenwalzen durch einen Korrekturfaktor k zu verändern, wodurch im unbelasteten Zustand nur mehr eine teilweise Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen der Stützwalze und der unmittelbar benachbarten Zwischenwalze auftritt.According to an embodiment, not shown, it is equally possible for a sexto-frame analogous to Figure 5, to change the contour of the support rollers and the intermediate rollers by a correction factor k, which in the unloaded state only a partial complement of the bale contours of the support roller and the immediately adjacent Intermediate roller occurs.
In Figur 7 ist der Verlauf der Walzenballenkontur 7 einer Stützwalze oder Zwischenwalze oder Arbeitswalze über die Ballenlänge dargestellt. Mit strichpunktierten Linien 8, 9 sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Möglichkeiten der Anfasung einer Walze in deren Endbereichen dargestellt, um hohe Kantenpressungen zu vermeiden. Die Anfasung entsprechend der strichpunktierten Linie 8 erzeugt einen zylindrischen Endbereich und die Anfasung entsprechend der strichpunktierten Linie 9 einen konusförmigen Endbereich an den Walzen, wobei in beiden Fällen ein Knick 10 im Konturverlauf über die Ballenlänge auftritt, der eine umlaufende Kante auf der Walze bildet. Eine Verbesserung der Belastungsverhältnisse ergibt sich durch eine sich an die Ballenkontur allmählich annähernde Anfasung, wodurch beiderseits eine korrigierte Ballenkontur entsteht, die durch die punktierten Linien 11 und 12 veranschaulicht ist. Im Übergangspunkt P der Ballenkontur in die korrigierte Ballenkontur weisen beide Kurvenverläufe dieselbe Steigung wie die Tangente t auf. FIG. 7 shows the course of the roll bale contour 7 of a back-up roll or intermediate roll or work roll over the length of the bale. With dash-dotted lines 8, 9 known from the prior art possibilities of chamfering a roller in the end regions are shown to avoid high edge pressures. The chamfering according to the dotted line 8 produces a cylindrical end portion and the chamfering corresponding to the dotted line 9 a cone-shaped end portion of the rollers, in both cases a kink 10 in the contour over the bale length occurs, which forms a circumferential edge on the roller. An improvement in the Loading conditions result from a chamfer gradually approaching chamfer, resulting in both sides of a corrected bale contour, which is illustrated by the dotted lines 11 and 12. At the transition point P of the bale contour in the corrected bale contour both curves have the same slope as the tangent t.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Walzgerüst zur Herstellung von Walzband oder Blech mit Arbeitswalzen, die sich an Stützwalzen oder Zwischenwalzen und Stützwalzen abstützen, wobei die Arbeitswalzen und/oder Zwischenwalzen im Walzgerüst gegeneinander axial verschiebbar angeordnet sind und jede Arbeits- und/oder Zwischenwalze eine über die gesamte wirksame Ballenlänge verlaufende, gekrümmte, durch eine trigonometrische Funktion beschreibbare Ballenkontur aufweist und sich diese beiden Ballenkonturen ausschließlich in einer bestimmten relativen Axialstellung der Walzen des Walzenpaares im unbelasteten Zustand komplementär ergänzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützwalzen eine komplementäre Ballenkontur aufweisen und im unbelasteten Zustand eine teilweise oder vollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen der Stützwalzen und der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen auftritt.1. rolling stand for the production of rolled strip or sheet metal with work rolls, which are supported on back-up rolls or intermediate rolls and back-up rolls, wherein the work rolls and / or intermediate rolls in the rolling stand against each other are arranged axially displaceable and each working and / or intermediate roll over the entire effective bale length extending, curved, describable by a trigonometric function bale contour and these two bale contours complement each other exclusively in a specific relative axial position of the rollers of the roller pair in the unloaded state, characterized in that the support rollers have a complementary bale contour and in the unloaded state, a partial or complete Complementing the bale contours of the backup rolls and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls occurs.
2. Walzgerüst nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine vollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen der Stützwalzen und der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen im unverschobenen Zustand der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen auftritt.2. Roll stand according to claim 1, characterized in that a complete complement of the bale contours of the support rollers and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls in the unshifted state of the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls occurs.
3. Walzgerüst nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine unvollständige Ergänzung der Ballenkonturen der Stützwalzen und der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen im unverschobenen Zustand der unmittelbar benachbarten Arbeitswalzen oder Zwischenwalzen unter der Bedingung auftritt, dass bei einem Stützwalzenradius RB(X) entsprechend der Formel3. Roll stand according to claim 1, characterized in that an incomplete complement of the bale contours of the support rollers and the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls in the unshifted state of the immediately adjacent work rolls or intermediate rolls under the condition that at a Stützwalzenradius R B (X) corresponding to formula
RB(X) = Ro + k.rB(x)RB (X) = Ro + kr B (x)
mit RB(x) Stützwalzenradius an der Stelle x der axialen StützwalzenerstreckungWith R B (x) Support roller radius at the point x of the axial support roller extension
R0 Radiusoffset rB(x) Kontur an der Stelle x der axialen Stützwalzenerstreckung k Korrekturfaktor der Korrekturfaktor k im Intervall 0 < k < 2 unter Ausschluss des Wertes k=1 festgelegt ist.R 0 radius offset r B (x) contour at the point x of the axial support roller extension k Correction factor the correction factor k in the interval 0 <k <2 with the exclusion of the value k = 1.
4. Walzgerüst nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ballenkontur der Arbeitswalzen oder der Zwischenwalzen oder der Stützwalzen in mindestens einem der Randbereiche ihrer Längserstreckung Anfasungen aufweist und in diesen Randbereichen korrigierte Ballenkonturen bilden, die sich durch Subtraktion einer beliebigen mathematischen Anfasungsfunktion von der Konturfunktion ergeben, wobei die Steigung der Ballenkontur und die Steigung der korrigierten Ballenkontur im Übergangspunkt von der Ballenkontur zur korrigierten Ballenkontur gleich sind.4. Rolling mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bale contour of the work rolls or the intermediate rolls or the support rollers has chamfers in at least one of the edge regions of their longitudinal extent and form in these edge regions corrected bale contours, which differ by subtracting any mathematical chamfering of the Contour function, wherein the slope of the bale contour and the slope of the corrected bale contour in the transition point from the bale contour to the corrected bale contour are the same.
5. Walzgerüst nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anfasungsfunktion eine Kreisfunktion ist.5. Roll stand according to claim 4, characterized in that the chamfering function is a circular function.
6. Walzgerüst nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die6. rolling stand according to claim 4, characterized in that the
Anfasungsfunktion eine Sinusfunktion ist.Chamfer function is a sine function.
7. Walzgerüst nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anfasungsfunktion eine Funktion 2. Ordnung ist. Roll stand according to claim 4, characterized in that the chamfering function is a 2nd order function.
EP07725995A 2006-06-14 2007-06-13 Rolling stand for producing rolled strip or sheet Active EP2026916B1 (en)

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BRPI0713147A2 (en) 2012-03-20
RU2009100918A (en) 2010-07-20
UA92946C2 (en) 2010-12-27
SI2026915T2 (en) 2018-01-31
EP2026915B1 (en) 2010-11-17
ES2392357T3 (en) 2012-12-10
ES2355948T3 (en) 2011-04-01
RU2442669C2 (en) 2012-02-20
US8413476B2 (en) 2013-04-09
ATE488309T1 (en) 2010-12-15
PL2026915T5 (en) 2018-08-31
US20090314047A1 (en) 2009-12-24
US8881569B2 (en) 2014-11-11
CN101466483A (en) 2009-06-24
UA93090C2 (en) 2011-01-10
WO2007144161A1 (en) 2007-12-21
BRPI0713145A2 (en) 2012-03-20
US20100031724A1 (en) 2010-02-11
EP2026915B2 (en) 2017-09-27
SI2026916T1 (en) 2012-11-30
PL2026915T3 (en) 2011-04-29
CN101511498B (en) 2011-06-15
CN101511498A (en) 2009-08-19
PL2026916T3 (en) 2012-12-31
ES2355948T5 (en) 2018-02-14
RU2428268C2 (en) 2011-09-10
CN101466483B (en) 2011-06-15
EP2026916B1 (en) 2012-08-01
EP2026915A1 (en) 2009-02-25
DE502007005682D1 (en) 2010-12-30
SI2026915T1 (en) 2011-03-31
RU2009100920A (en) 2010-07-20
WO2007144162A1 (en) 2007-12-21

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