EP2023055B1 - Radiateur pour chauffage domestique à fluide caloporteur diphasique - Google Patents

Radiateur pour chauffage domestique à fluide caloporteur diphasique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2023055B1
EP2023055B1 EP08300223.8A EP08300223A EP2023055B1 EP 2023055 B1 EP2023055 B1 EP 2023055B1 EP 08300223 A EP08300223 A EP 08300223A EP 2023055 B1 EP2023055 B1 EP 2023055B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
transfer fluid
fluid
reservoir
equal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08300223.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2023055A1 (fr
Inventor
Alain Marechal
Stéphane Colasson
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Publication of EP2023055A1 publication Critical patent/EP2023055A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
    • F24H3/004—Air heaters using electric energy supply with a closed circuit for a heat transfer liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiator more particularly for home heating, and operating with a heat transfer fluid. More specifically, the heat transfer fluid used in the radiator of the invention operates in two-phase form, in particular liquid vapor.
  • Heat-transfer-medium radiators are also known in which said fluid, generally oil, is heated by means of an electric heating element and passes through a heating body, at which heat transfer is effected to the heating element.
  • said fluid generally oil
  • said heating body is heated by means of an electric heating element and passes through a heating body, at which heat transfer is effected to the heating element.
  • ambient air by natural convection. Due to the presence of a heating body whose exchange surface is relatively large, the temperature gradient is reduced with the ambient air so that the convective air movements in the room in question are limited.
  • radiators in which the fluid operates in monophasic regime.
  • said fluid remains in the liquid state.
  • the heat transfer fluid heats up in contact with an electric heating element, lightening and rising inside the heating body.
  • the coolant gives up to the ambient air part of the heat through the wall of the heating body, and corollary cools.
  • the fluid thus cooled becomes denser, and therefore heavier, down by gravity in the lower part of the radiator.
  • it is therefore necessary to have a minimum temperature difference between the rising fluid (hot) and the descending fluid (cold), directly dependent on the pressure losses of the fluid generated by its circulation.
  • a heat transfer fluid radiator operating in two-phase regime, in particular liquid / vapor.
  • the operation of such a radiator is as follows: The heat transfer fluid in the liquid state rests by gravity in the lower part of the radiator traversed by a heating element, constituted by a fluid mounted in temperature, and sealingly passing through the base of said radiator.
  • the coolant Under the effect of heat, the coolant is vaporized, said vapor then rising in the internal structure of the radiator, in particular at a heating body, at which a heat transfer occurs.
  • the latter condenses.
  • the condensate thus formed is in liquid form, and returns by simple gravity in the lower part of the radiator.
  • the hot source ensuring the thermal rise of the coolant is relatively difficult to regulate, both in time and in space.
  • the vaporization velocity of coolant is too high, the vapor thus generated causes drops of heat transfer fluid, disrupting the proper operation of the radiator.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages, and in particular to provide a two-phase radiator, both energy efficient, and little or no noise during its startup phase.
  • the document WO-A-02 504 79 describes a radiator for home heating with heat transfer fluid operating in two-phase form according to the preamble of claims 1 to 4.
  • It relates to a radiator for home heating with heat transfer fluid operating in two-phase form in which first of all the heating source of the coolant is constituted by an electrical resistance. This is advantageously sealed and hermetic with respect to the heat transfer fluid of the radiator.
  • connection zones with a passage between the reservoir and the channels constituting the heating body respecting the aforesaid relationship, eliminates or decreases at least drastically the number of drops of heat transfer fluid in liquid form driven by the steam generated at the hot source, and therefore optimizes the operation of the radiator.
  • the zones for connecting the channels of the heating body at the level of the tank have their lower part at a minimum distance ⁇ above the line of greater tangency of the electric heating resistance passing through. the reservoir, said distance respecting the relationship ⁇ ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ D , wherein D is the diameter of said heating resistor.
  • the filling coefficient ⁇ must be greater than the value of 0.0142, said coefficient ⁇ being defined by the ratio of the mass of vapor produced at 20 ° C to the total mass of fluid introduced into the radiator body.
  • a heat transfer fluid radiator known per se.
  • This radiator is in this case constituted by a plurality of unit elements 1, constituting the heating body, all the elements being connected to a lower tank 2.
  • These different elements 1 may, for example, be made of cast aluminum and, in order to optimize the transfer with the ambient air, may have fins 2 thus promoting the diffusion of heat within the room in which such a radiator is implanted.
  • each of these elements 1 circulates a heat transfer fluid, the nature of which is adapted to the thermal function envisaged.
  • This fluid may be water, ethanol, or a polymeric synthetic material, such as for example R113 (chlorofluorocarbon, or HFE 7100 ® , sold by 3M, and consisting of hydrogenofluoroether, and more specifically a mixture of methyl nonafluoroisobutyl ether and methyl nonafluorobutylether).
  • the assembly of the various elements 1 between them constitutes the heating body itself, and are each provided with a vertical channel 4 , opening in the lower zone at the level of the tank 3 by a connection zone 5 .
  • a heating electric resistor 6 is inserted in the lower tank 3 and passes through it over substantially its entire length.
  • a resistor may for example consist of a double insulated heating cartridge.
  • connection zone 5 between the channel (s) 4 of the heating body and the tank 3 located in the lower part of said radiator has a section S corresponding to the following formula: S ⁇ AT ⁇ P / 5 4 not
  • the coolant is water, developing 1,000 watts electric, and having ten elements 1, so ten channels 4 in parallel, the connection section 5 between each of the channels and the reservoir 3 must be greater than 0.27 cm 2 .
  • the section of the connection zone 5 must then be greater than or equal to 0.383 cm 2 .
  • the electrical resistance 6 is further dimensioned so that the thermal flux density at the surface of the latter does not exceed 3 watts per cm 2 , in order to vaporize the heat transfer liquid in the form of small bubbles and consequently in order to reduce the phenomenon of noise generated conventionally in heat transfer radiators.
  • the surface of the heating rod or electrical resistance 6 in contact with the coolant must be greater than 330 cm 2 , regardless of the number of channels and whatever the heat transfer fluid.
  • connection zone 5 of the channels 4 at the level of the tank 3 opens above the upper maximum tangency line 7 of said heating rod 6 by a distance ⁇ greater than or equal to 0.5 ⁇ D , D being the diameter of the heating rod or electrical resistance 6.
  • connection area must not be flooded.
  • This criterion is respected if a maximum of 400 ml of HFE 7100 ® , 5 ml of water or 39 ml of ethanol is introduced into a radiator with an internal volume of 4 liters.
  • the radiator of the invention thus makes it possible to overcome the various disadvantages mentioned in connection with the radiators of the prior art in a simple and efficient way and also makes it possible to regulate the operation of such a radiator in a facilitated manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
EP08300223.8A 2007-08-07 2008-06-17 Radiateur pour chauffage domestique à fluide caloporteur diphasique Active EP2023055B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0756987A FR2919919B1 (fr) 2007-08-07 2007-08-07 Radiateur pour chauffage domestique a fluide caloporteur diphasique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2023055A1 EP2023055A1 (fr) 2009-02-11
EP2023055B1 true EP2023055B1 (fr) 2015-10-07

Family

ID=39185846

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08300223.8A Active EP2023055B1 (fr) 2007-08-07 2008-06-17 Radiateur pour chauffage domestique à fluide caloporteur diphasique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7949236B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2023055B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2009041899A (ja)
FR (1) FR2919919B1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWM323037U (en) * 2007-06-29 2007-12-01 Jetpo Technology Inc Electric heater
ITRM20110447A1 (it) * 2011-08-25 2013-02-26 I R C A S P A Ind Resistenz E Corazzate E Radiatore a scambio termico bifasico con ottimizzazione del transitorio di ebollizione
CN103776080B (zh) * 2012-10-22 2016-04-13 江苏德威木业有限公司 相变蓄热型电热地板
US20150131976A1 (en) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-14 Ningbo SMAL Electrics Co., Ltd. Oil-free radiator and method for manufacturing the same
US9821630B2 (en) * 2014-09-15 2017-11-21 Hanon Systems Modular air conditioning system
CN107449018B (zh) * 2017-09-15 2023-03-14 贵州大学 一种电取暖装置
RU187772U1 (ru) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-19 Антон Антонович Альхименок Парокапельный радиатор
CN111578355A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2020-08-25 天津市豪升新能源技术研究所 电激活相变潜热节能散热器

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1556491A (en) * 1924-06-02 1925-10-06 Clark Allan Electric steam radiator
US1852252A (en) * 1930-05-03 1932-04-05 George C Mcintosh Steam radiator
US2266016A (en) * 1939-06-19 1941-12-16 Electric Steam Radiator Corp Steam radiator
US2455688A (en) * 1947-02-11 1948-12-07 Sentry Safety Control Corp Portable electric steam radiator
US2508736A (en) * 1948-04-08 1950-05-23 Sr Samuel B Warden Electrically heated steam heating exchange
GB2099980B (en) 1981-05-06 1985-04-24 Scurrah Norman Hugh Heat transfer panels
RU2003121641A (ru) * 2000-12-19 2005-02-10 Ламбко Холдингс Лтд. (Gb) Нагревательное устройство

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2919919A1 (fr) 2009-02-13
US20090041441A1 (en) 2009-02-12
US7949236B2 (en) 2011-05-24
JP2009041899A (ja) 2009-02-26
FR2919919B1 (fr) 2012-05-18
EP2023055A1 (fr) 2009-02-11

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