EP2020398A1 - Câble pour appareils élévateurs et appareil élévateur comprenant ledit câble - Google Patents

Câble pour appareils élévateurs et appareil élévateur comprenant ledit câble Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2020398A1
EP2020398A1 EP08380235A EP08380235A EP2020398A1 EP 2020398 A1 EP2020398 A1 EP 2020398A1 EP 08380235 A EP08380235 A EP 08380235A EP 08380235 A EP08380235 A EP 08380235A EP 2020398 A1 EP2020398 A1 EP 2020398A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rope
cross
section
central axis
resistant elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08380235A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2020398B1 (fr
Inventor
Miguel Angel Madoz
Juan Manuel Pagalday
Esteban Santiago
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orona S Coop
Original Assignee
Orona S Coop
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orona S Coop filed Critical Orona S Coop
Publication of EP2020398A1 publication Critical patent/EP2020398A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2020398B1 publication Critical patent/EP2020398B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1092—Parallel strands
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D07B2205/205—Aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to a rope for elevator apparatuses and a second aspect relates to an elevator apparatus comprising said rope, said two aspects having application in the field of lifting, and more specifically in the elevator industry, allowing achieving a rope, the flexural rigidity of which is lowered, that can be used with sheaves having a small diameter with a deterioration level of the rope less than that of the currently existing ropes, which allows extending their useful life.
  • Ropes are used in the lifting industry, among other applications, as suspension elements, i.e., for supporting or hanging loads therefrom, it being frequent for this application that the rope passes though one or several sheaves.
  • At least one of said sheaves is usually driven by means of an engine, therefore the rope, in addition to fulfilling the suspension function or application, also fulfills a function in the means for driving the elevator, acting as an element transmitting the torque from the sheave in a traction force which is used for moving the loads comprised in the lifting system.
  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to a rope for elevator apparatuses the flexural rigidity of which is less than that of the currently existing ropes, allowing its use with sheaves having a reduced diameter, which achieves maintaining a deterioration level less than that of said conventional ropes during an extended useful life, with the subsequent increase in safety and savings in the costs of maintaining the elevator apparatus.
  • the rope for elevator apparatuses proposed by the invention comprises at least two linear resistant elements parallel to one another along the entire length of the rope.
  • Said resistant elements provide rigidity to the rope and are located close to a central axis of a cross-section A t of the rope.
  • Each resistant element has a cross-section a t , such that the cross-sections a t of the resistant elements are aligned parallel to the central axis of the rope.
  • the cross-section A t of the rope of the invention has a width a and a thickness b, the ratio between said width a and said thickness b being substantially equal to one along the entire rope.
  • Magnitude or width a of the section of the rope is understood in the description as the measurement of the rope at an axis passing through the geometric centers of the resistant elements inserted in the rope, whereas the magnitude or thickness b of the section of the rope is understood in the description as the measurement of the rope at an axis perpendicular to the axis traversing the geometric centers of the resistant elements inserted in the rope, and which in turn passes through the geometric center of the section of the rope.
  • the term substantially relates to the ratio between the width a divided by the thickness b of the rope which is not less than 0.8 or greater than 1.2, therefore it is obvious that with these dimensional ranges small variations are included in said aspect ratio due to the fact for example that the rope is in a load and/or curved position due to the effect of its passage through a sheave.
  • the rope comprises at least one alignment of cross-sections a t of elements aligned on the central axis of the cross-section A t of the rope.
  • the rope comprises at least two alignments of cross-sections a t of resistant elements aligned close to the central axis of the cross-section A t of the rope.
  • the resistant elements provide most of the rigidity to the rope and are located in the cross-section of the rope in positions close to the central axis, preferably coinciding with a neutral horizontal plane of bending of the rope when said rope is subjected to bending as a consequence of its passage through a sheave.
  • the rope object of the invention undergoes bending stresses due to its passage through a sheave or through any other means, and due to the fact that its rigidity is much lower in the plane defined by the resistant elements, the rope will bend taking the central axis around which said resistant elements are distributed as a neutral axis, whereby the axial deformation, i.e., the compression and/or tensile stresses to which the resistant elements are subjected will be minimal, therefore the bending stresses in the rope are reduced to a great extent.
  • the relative movement between said wires an effect causing internal abrasion phenomena, is equally reduced.
  • the rope of the invention comprises at least one linear damping element, having a cross-section a' t which is located in an area of the cross-section A t of the rope which is away from the central axis of said cross-section A t of the rope, having a function and purpose different from that of the resistant elements consisting of damping the damaging vibrations occurring in the thin configuration of said resistant elements, as previously explained.
  • the rope comprises at least two damping elements located on both sides of the central axis of the cross-section A t of the rope, whereby it would have a symmetrical rope configuration with respect to the central axis.
  • the rope comprises a plurality of damping elements the cross-sections a' t of which are aligned parallel to the central axis of the cross-section A t of the rope, therefore being arranged parallel to the cross-sections a t of the resistant elements, all of them being parallel to a rotating shaft of a sheave through which the rope passes.
  • This set of damping elements which also occupy the entire length of the rope, but which are located or distributed in areas of the section away from the central axis, is preferably constructed with geometric configurations and/or materials providing little rigidity but having a high internal dissipation or damping capacity due to friction.
  • the damping elements can be formed using polymer materials, or any other material having a high internal damping coefficient. It is provided that the damping elements are made with twisted wires, such that the energy is dissipated due to rubbing the wires with each other.
  • the damping elements are located in areas away from the neutral horizontal plane of bending of the rope, i.e., the central axis.
  • the axial deformation occurring in the damping elements is much higher than the case of the resistant elements due to the fact that they are further from the central axis, i.e., from the neutral axis of the cross-section A t of the rope, whereby the energy dissipated by said damping elements is greater, such that the vibrations caused by the dynamics of the installation are damped in less time, i.e., quicker.
  • the rope of the invention comprises a sheath containing the resistant elements, said sheath being made of a material having a high coefficient of friction, said sheath being configured to be in contact with at least one sheave, a traction or deviation sheave. It is provided that the resistant elements are completely or partially embedded in said sheath, being able to even penetrate between said resistant elements, or they are simply contained or encapsulated therein.
  • the rope comprises a sheath containing the resistant elements and said at least one damping element, the sheath being made of a material having a high coefficient of friction, and being configured to be in contact with at least one sheave.
  • the sheath can contain or encapsulate the resistant elements and the damping elements, or penetrate between said damping and resistant elements, in which they would be completely or partially embedded.
  • the sheath, or coating can be made with a polymer material, or any other material with a low rigidity level and a high coefficient of friction with the sheave, in addition to a high level of adherence with respect to the resistant elements and to the damping elements.
  • the sheath is made with polymer materials similar to those used in belts or ropes which are currently used in lifting installations.
  • This sheath has a dual function, first of all it is useful for joining all elements comprised by the rope, and secondly it is useful for ensuring a good grip between the rope and a sheave.
  • the use of this type of coating with a high coefficient of friction ensures that the rope is not going to slide through the sheave. This allows using the sheave with non-aggressive grooves, such as grooves with a U-shaped section, such that the damage produced in the rope by contact with the sheave is considerably reduced.
  • the materials which are considered for making the sheath are natural polymers, such as rubber or resins, synthetic polymers, such as nylon, as well as elastomers, plastics or fibers, i.e., all types of either thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers.
  • the sheath is made of polyurethane, this material being the most used as a coating, being able to incorporate additive elements and/or agents for the purpose of providing it with certain properties, such as for example a fire-resistant or fire-retarding character.
  • the damping elements are made of the same material as the sheath, i.e., the sheath is made of the actual material of the damping elements.
  • the sheath In addition to covering all the elements comprised in the rope, the sheath is useful for keeping them in their relative position in the section of the rope. Furthermore, the sheath provides adherence so that all elements of the rope move in an integral manner both longitudinal and transversally. Finally, this sheath acts as an interface between the elements of the rope and the sheave, providing adherence between the rope object of the invention and the sheave and homogenizing the contact stresses which could occur between said rope and said sheave.
  • the cross-sections a t of the resistant elements are preferably operatively spaced from one another in the cross-section A t of the rope, i.e., having a relative distance between the centers of contiguous elements which is comprised between 1.75 mm and 8 mm, although it can be outside said range, being related to the transverse dimensions or the diameter of said resistant elements.
  • a minimum breaking load (MBL) value of approximately 12000 N is obtained.
  • a minimum breaking load (MBL) value of approximately 19000 N is obtained.
  • a minimum breaking load (MBL) value of approximately 27000 N is obtained.
  • the cross-section A t has any configuration, provided that it keeps the previously defined ratio between the width a and the thickness b, being able to be circular, in which case the outer geometry of the rope will be circular, or the cross-section A t of the rope is not circular.
  • cross-section A t of the rope is not circular
  • said cross-section A t is configured to be housed in a groove of a sheave, the cross-section A t having a shape complementary to that of said groove, the central axis being in a position parallel to a rotating shaft of the sheave, i.e., parallel to a neutral bending axis of the cross-section A t of the rope and parallel to the direction of the width a of the rope.
  • the possibility of using ropes with a cross-section different from the circular one is subject to the fact that the width a of the cross-section A t of the rope is similar or of the same order of magnitude as the edge or thickness b and to the fact that the resistant elements are located around the entire central axis or neutral axis, and in the event of comprising damping elements, these are placed in areas away from said central axis.
  • the main reasons for using these alternative sections are improving the uniformity of the thickness of the layer which is around the damping and resistant elements, which allows working with grooves different from semicircular grooves, adapting to different configurations of sheaves and grooves.
  • grooves different from semicircular grooves further ensures that the rope will not torsionally rotate upon its passage through said grooves. Furthermore, the use of non-circular ropes allows an operator to visually check during the installation of the rope that the rope is not twisted at any of the pulling sections between sheaves.
  • the resistant elements comprise steel wires preferably having a strength of not less than 2000 N/mm 2 and a diameter of less than 0.5 mm. Said steel wires can be twisted, forming strands, the resistant elements can likewise comprise twisted ropes with strands.
  • the resistant elements comprise wires made of synthetic material, which can be equally twisted, forming strands, providing the possibility that the resistant elements comprise twisted ropes with strands of wires made of synthetic material, which can consist of aramid fibers, preferably Kevlar.
  • damping elements are made of polymer material, both natural and synthetic, being able to be any plastic material, elastomer, rubber, neoprene or resin, provided that it fulfills the condition of damping and resisting compression without undergoing excessive deformation.
  • the rope comprises a visual mark configured to allow identifying the position of the central axis of the cross-section A t of the rope at any time from outside, for the purpose of allowing identifying the arrangement of the resistant elements and the damping elements during the operations for assembling the rope for a correct positioning thereof in a sheave.
  • a visual check that the rope is not twisted in any of the sections for pulling between sheaves is thus allowed.
  • Said visual mark can consist of a longitudinal mark in an outer visible part of the rope, so that the person assembling it, ensures that the rope is not twisted after the assembly process.
  • the visual mark is equally useful for checking that it has been correctly assembled and the rope is supported in the groove of the sheave in the correct position.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to an elevator apparatus comprising at least one rope such as any of those previously described, such that said rope is in contact with a traction sheave, the central axis of the rope being located in a position parallel to the direction of the width a of the rope and parallel to a rotating shaft of said sheave 5, i.e., parallel to a neutral bending axis of the cross-section A t of the rope when said rope is in contact with a sheave.
  • the traction sheave of the elevator apparatus of the invention has a pitch diameter of less than 160 mm.
  • pitch diameter is understood to be the diameter of a circumference which would define a surface on which said gear would run without sliding.
  • pitch diameter is understood to be the distance between the groove centers of the sheave, passing of course through the center of said sheave.
  • the pitch diameter of the traction sheave is less than 40 times the diameter of a circle completely circumscribing the resistant elements of the rope.
  • the rope comprised in the elevator apparatus of the invention can be a suspension and traction rope or a speed governing rope of the lifting system.
  • a first aspect thereof relates to a rope for elevator apparatuses comprising at least two linear resistant metal elements (1) parallel to one another along the entire length of the rope.
  • the rope comprises three resistant elements (1) located on a central axis (4) of a circular cross-section A t of the rope.
  • the resistant elements (1) are formed by a plurality of intertwined steel wires having a strength of not less than 2000 N/mm 2 and a diameter of less than 0.5 mm.
  • Each resistant element (1) has a cross-section a t , such that the cross-sections a t of the resistant elements (1) are aligned on said central axis (4) of the rope.
  • the cross-section A t of the rope of the invention has a width a and a thickness b, the ratio between said width a and said thickness b being substantially equal to one, along the entire rope.
  • Magnitude or width a of the section of the rope is understood in the description as the measurement of the rope at an axis passing through the geometric centers of the resistant elements inserted in the rope, whereas the magnitude or thickness b of the section of the rope is understood in the description as the measurement of the rope at an axis perpendicular to the axis traversing the geometric centers of the resistant elements inserted in the rope, and which in turn passes through the geometric center of the section of the rope.
  • the rope comprises two linear damping elements (2) made of polymer material, symmetrically arranged one on each side of the central axis (4), each of which has a cross-section a' t which is located in an area of the cross-section A t of the rope which is away from the central axis (4) of said cross-section A t of the rope.
  • the rope comprises a sheath (3) made of polyurethane completely embedding the resistant elements (1) and the damping elements (2), said sheath (3) being configured to be in contact with a traction sheave (5).
  • the cross-sections (a t ) of the resistant elements (1) are operatively spaced from one another in the cross-section (A t ) of the rope.
  • the rope likewise comprises a visual mark, not depicted, which is configured in order to allow identifying the position of the central axis (4) of the cross-section A t of the rope at any time from outside for the purpose of allowing identifying the arrangement of the resistant elements (1) and the damping elements (2) during the operations for assembling the rope for a correct positioning thereof in a traction sheave (5).
  • the rope has a circular cross-section A t and comprises an alignment of cross-sections a t of resistant elements (1) aligned on the central axis (4) and two other alignments of cross-sections a t of resistant elements (1) aligned close to said central axis (4) of the cross-section A t of the rope.
  • the rope comprises a plurality of damping elements (2) the cross-sections a' t of which are aligned parallel to the central axis (4) of the cross-section A t of the rope, therefore being arranged parallel to the cross-sections a t of the resistant elements (1).
  • the cross-section A t of the rope has non-circular configurations, being rhomboid and cross-shaped respectively in the depicted sheaths.
  • the cross-section A t is configured to be housed in a groove (6) of the sheave (5), the cross-section A t having a shape complementary to that of said groove (6), the central axis (4) being in a position parallel to a rotating shaft of the sheave (5), i.e., parallel to a neutral bending axis of the cross-section A t of the rope and parallel to the direction of the width a of the rope.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to an elevator apparatus comprising a rope such as any of those previously described, such that said rope is in contact with a traction sheave (5), the central axis (4) of the rope being located in a position parallel to the direction of the width (a) of the rope and parallel to a rotating shaft of said sheave (5).
  • the traction sheave (5) of the elevator apparatus of the invention has a pitch diameter less than 40 times the diameter of a circle completely circumscribing the resistant elements (1) of the rope.

Landscapes

  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
EP08380235.5A 2007-08-03 2008-07-30 Appareil élévateur Active EP2020398B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200702194A ES2341743B1 (es) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Cable para aparattos elevadores y aparato elevador que comprende dicho cable.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2020398A1 true EP2020398A1 (fr) 2009-02-04
EP2020398B1 EP2020398B1 (fr) 2014-06-04

Family

ID=39865076

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08380235.5A Active EP2020398B1 (fr) 2007-08-03 2008-07-30 Appareil élévateur

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2020398B1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2341743B1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2829498A1 (fr) 2013-07-26 2015-01-28 Kone Corporation Dispositif de poulie de traction
US20150101888A1 (en) * 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Kone Corporation Rope for a hoisting device and elevator
US10160620B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2018-12-25 Otis Elevator Company Tension member for elevator system
WO2020110245A1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 株式会社日立製作所 Dispositif d'ascenseur
CN114314260A (zh) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-12 厦门市特种设备检验检测院 一种电梯钢丝绳使用巡查监控设备
US11370640B2 (en) * 2017-04-26 2022-06-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator, suspension body for the elevator, and manufacturing method for the suspension body

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226078A (en) * 1977-08-24 1980-10-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Wire rope
DE3345704A1 (de) * 1983-12-17 1985-06-27 Dietz, Alfred, 8632 Neustadt Drahtseil mit einer kunststoff-ummantelung
US5566786A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-10-22 Inventio Ag Cable as suspension means for lifts
US20020108814A1 (en) * 2001-02-12 2002-08-15 Pitts John T. Directional uniformity of flat tension members for elevators
EP1327599A1 (fr) * 2000-08-09 2003-07-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif elevateur
DE10215419A1 (de) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-30 Osma Aufzuege Albert Schenk Gm Aufzug
WO2004076327A1 (fr) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-10 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Câble d'ascenseur
EP1748104A1 (fr) 2004-05-10 2007-01-31 Coop, Orona S. Cable et courroie pour limitateur de vitesses d'ascenseurs et poulies associees

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226078A (en) * 1977-08-24 1980-10-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Wire rope
DE3345704A1 (de) * 1983-12-17 1985-06-27 Dietz, Alfred, 8632 Neustadt Drahtseil mit einer kunststoff-ummantelung
US5566786A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-10-22 Inventio Ag Cable as suspension means for lifts
EP1327599A1 (fr) * 2000-08-09 2003-07-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif elevateur
US20020108814A1 (en) * 2001-02-12 2002-08-15 Pitts John T. Directional uniformity of flat tension members for elevators
WO2002064883A1 (fr) 2001-02-12 2002-08-22 Otis Elevator Company Uniformite directionnelle d'elements en tension plats pour ascenseurs
DE10215419A1 (de) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-30 Osma Aufzuege Albert Schenk Gm Aufzug
WO2004076327A1 (fr) * 2003-02-27 2004-09-10 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Câble d'ascenseur
EP1748104A1 (fr) 2004-05-10 2007-01-31 Coop, Orona S. Cable et courroie pour limitateur de vitesses d'ascenseurs et poulies associees

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2829498A1 (fr) 2013-07-26 2015-01-28 Kone Corporation Dispositif de poulie de traction
US20150101888A1 (en) * 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Kone Corporation Rope for a hoisting device and elevator
US9828215B2 (en) * 2013-10-10 2017-11-28 Kone Corporation Rope for a hoisting device and elevator
US10160620B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2018-12-25 Otis Elevator Company Tension member for elevator system
US11370640B2 (en) * 2017-04-26 2022-06-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator, suspension body for the elevator, and manufacturing method for the suspension body
WO2020110245A1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 株式会社日立製作所 Dispositif d'ascenseur
CN114314260A (zh) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-12 厦门市特种设备检验检测院 一种电梯钢丝绳使用巡查监控设备
CN114314260B (zh) * 2021-12-17 2023-04-28 厦门市特种设备检验检测院 一种电梯钢丝绳使用巡查监控设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2341743B1 (es) 2011-04-28
EP2020398B1 (fr) 2014-06-04
ES2341743A1 (es) 2010-06-25
ES2474174T3 (es) 2014-07-08

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