EP2014335A1 - Vorrichtung zum geschützten Atmen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum geschützten Atmen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2014335A1
EP2014335A1 EP07112051A EP07112051A EP2014335A1 EP 2014335 A1 EP2014335 A1 EP 2014335A1 EP 07112051 A EP07112051 A EP 07112051A EP 07112051 A EP07112051 A EP 07112051A EP 2014335 A1 EP2014335 A1 EP 2014335A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
chamber
bottle
emergency escape
regulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07112051A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Shahaf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air For Life Ltd
Original Assignee
Air For Life Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air For Life Ltd filed Critical Air For Life Ltd
Priority to EP07112051A priority Critical patent/EP2014335A1/de
Publication of EP2014335A1 publication Critical patent/EP2014335A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/02—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air
    • A62B7/04—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air and lung-controlled oxygen or air valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to emergency escape breathing devices. More specifically the present invention relates to emergency escape breathing devices having protected oxygen regulators and large counter lung capacities.
  • An emergency escape breathing device supplies recycled purified air to a user by adsorbing CO 2 (carbon dioxide) from expired air and enriching the air with O 2 (oxygen) in a closed loop system.
  • Emergency escape breathing devices provide purified air to a user for a limited time during escape from a hostile environment, for example a smoke-filled building posing imminent danger to breathing.
  • the above-noted patents have an O 2 bottle that may malfunction due to the impact of being dropped. Further, if the O 2 bottle heats up due to the high temperature of the environment the user may get a burn upon touching the O 2 bottle.
  • Another component of the emergency escape breathing device is a counter lung, a reservoir configured to contain purified air and O 2 .
  • a large counter lung allows the user continued breathing for a significant period of time after the O 2 from the O 2 bottle has been exhausted.
  • Large counter lungs add considerable weight to the rebreather, hindering a fast escape from the hostile environment.
  • To cut down on weight counter lungs are configured with small volumes, an example of which is seen in US Patent 4,440,163 (Spergel ), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, thereby reducing the amount of purified air than can be utilized following exhaustion of the O 2 stream.
  • the present invention successfully addresses at least some of the shortcomings of the prior art with an emergency escape breathing device having an O 2 regulator that is fully contained within the O 2 bottle, thereby protecting the O 2 regulator from knocks and bangs during storage or use, thereby substantially preventing malfunction.
  • the O 2 bottle is contained in at least one housing that protects the O 2 bottle against impact and/or heat buildup.
  • the present invention includes a compact counter lung that assumes large volume in the expanded configuration, allowing the counter lung to assume a large inflated volume while conserving space and weight both in the unexpanded and expanded configurations.
  • an emergency escape breathing device comprising: an oxygen bottle configured to contain compressed oxygen, an oxygen release regulator that releases the compressed oxygen at a constant rate during use of the emergency escape breathing device, the oxygen release regulator being substantially contained within the oxygen bottle.
  • the oxygen bottle comprises a substantially monotonous configuration.
  • the oxygen bottle is contained within a protective housing.
  • the protective housing is configured to protect the oxygen bottle against at least one of: impact, and heat buildup.
  • the oxygen bottle is configured to contain dry oxygen.
  • the oxygen release regulator is configured to release the dry oxygen at the constant rate.
  • the device includes a counter lung comprising a chamber, the chamber in an unexpanded configuration being enclosed by at least two substantially parallel walls and a perimeter connecting the at least two substantially parallel walls, the perimeter including at least one fold that substantially extends into the chamber.
  • the device when the chamber is in an expanded configuration, the at least one fold substantially unfolds and at least a portion of the two walls diverge.
  • the device includes forward and backpass valves operatively associated with said counter lung.
  • the forward and backpass valves promote a circular airflow within said device.
  • the regulator includes a demand valve that releases a burst of oxygen in response to light pressure.
  • the demand valve releases the burst of oxygen at a faster rate than the release of oxygen by the regulator.
  • the demand valve releases the oxygen in response to pressure from the counter lung.
  • an emergency escape breathing device comprising: a counter lung comprising a chamber, the chamber in an unexpanded configuration being enclosed by at least two substantially parallel walls and a perimeter connecting the at least two substantially parallel walls, the perimeter including at least one fold that substantially extends into the chamber.
  • the at least one fold when the chamber is in an expanded configuration, substantially unfolds and at least a portion of the two walls diverge.
  • an emergency escape breathing device comprising: an oxygen bottle configured to contain compressed oxygen, an oxygen release regulator configured to release the compressed oxygen at a constant rate during use of the emergency escape breathing device, the oxygen release regulator being substantially contained within the oxygen bottle, and a counter lung comprising a chamber, the chamber in an unexpanded configuration being enclosed by at least two substantially parallel walls and a perimeter connecting the at least two substantially parallel walls, the perimeter including at least one fold that substantially extends into the chamber.
  • the at least one fold when the chamber is in an expanded configuration, substantially unfolds and at least a portion of the two walls diverge.
  • the oxygen bottle comprises a substantially monotonous configuration.
  • the oxygen bottle is contained within a protective housing.
  • the protective housing is configured to protect the oxygen bottle against at least one of: impact, and heat buildup.
  • the present invention successfully addresses the shortcomings of the presently known configurations by providing an emergency escape breathing device having a protected O 2 regulator, protected O 2 bottle and a compact counter lung having a large inflation volume.
  • method refers to manners, means, techniques and procedures for accomplishing a given task including, but not limited to, those manners, means, techniques and procedures either known to, or readily developed from known manners, means, techniques and procedures by practitioners of the engineering arts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a protective O 2 bottle housing 157 that substantially surrounds an O 2 bottle 110, shown in Figure 2 .
  • O 2 bottle 110 has a reservoir containing compressed dry O 2 and a regulator 153 that is submerged within, and hence substantially protected by, O 2 bottle 110.
  • Submerged regulator 153 is substantially protected from damage due to bangs and bumps for example during a long regulator storage period, for example 10 to 15 years noted above, or during use.
  • O 2 bottle 110 is configured to contain a reservoir of compressed liquid O 2 and regulator 153 is configured to release compressed liquid O 2 at a constant rate.
  • O 2 bottle 110 has a substantially monotonous configuration; the term "substantially monotonous" meaning herein, that the diameter of O 2 bottle 110 comprises a cylinder having substantially the same cross sectional diameter from at least mid cylinder to regulator 153. In this manner O 2 bottle 110 has a substantially robust configuration that prevents damage from impact.
  • Regulator 153 releases a stream of O 2 at a rate of about approximately 1.2 - 1.5 liters of O 2 per minute, although other rates of release are contemplated as well.
  • regulator 153 includes a demand valve 125, comprising a post connected to a mechanism (not shown), that functions to releases a rapid burst of O 2 168 from O 2 bottle 110 of approximately 80 liters of O 2 per minute in addition to the constant release of O 2 168 by regulator 153, noted above.
  • FIG. 3 shows a counter lung 160 enclosing a chamber 142 having a folded portion 134.
  • Counter lung 160 is substantially compact and lightweight. While counter lung 160 is shown as having a substantially circular perimeter, counter lung 160 optionally has other perimeter configurations, including triangular, square or other polygon shapes.
  • Figure 4 shows counter lung 160 in an expanded configuration as would be the case during use.
  • Folded portion 134 has unfolded to increase the size of counter lung 160 to contain a volume of between 10 and 20 liters.
  • folded portion 134 has unfolded to increase the size of counter lung 160 to contain a volume of between 5 and 10 liters.
  • folded portion 134 has unfolded to increase the size of counter lung 160 to contain a volume of 8.5 liters
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of an emergency escape breathing device 100, also referred to as a self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), comprising a canister housing 120 containing a CO 2 adsorbing canister 121.
  • SCBA self contained breathing apparatus
  • CO 2 adsorbing canister 121 has an air flow way therethrough, the flow way containing a CO 2 adsorbent material 170 adapted to adsorb CO 2 from expired air 122.
  • CO 2 laden exhaled air 122 passes forward from a mouthpiece 140 through canister 121, into counter lung 160.
  • CO 2 molecules primarily in the form of carbonic acid, are substantially adsorbed by adsorbent material 170 comprising soda-lime granules in an exothermic reaction yielding purified air 132.
  • a compressed volume of O 2 168 in O 2 bottle 110 is continually released during operation of emergency escape breathing device 100 through regulator 153 as noted above.
  • Regulator 153 typically has a simple, lightweight and robust design and, as noted above, is embedded in O 2 bottle 110. Regulator 153 assumes an open position to begin the release of O 2 168 and remains open throughout operation of emergency escape breathing device 100.
  • recessed regulator 153 serves as a lid that closes the opening to O 2 bottle 110.
  • the many configurations for connecting regulator 153 to O 2 bottle 110 are well known to those familiar with the art.
  • bottle housing 157 and/or canister housing 120 protect O 2 bottle 110 from impact damage should a user drop emergency escape breathing device 100 during use.
  • Bottle housing 157 and/or canister housing 120 protect O 2 bottle 110 so that the user is protected from burns in a hot environment.
  • demand valve 125 responds to light pressure; such light pressure being supplied by counter lung 160, for example when counter lung 160 has collapsed due to rapid breathing by the user and rapid consumption of homogenous air 180 at a rate greater than release of O 2 at approximately 1.2 - 1.5 liters of O 2 per minute noted above.
  • the light pressure on demand valve 125 from counter lung 160 activates a rapid burst of O 2 168 from O 2 bottle 110, at approximately 80 liters of 02 per minute, noted above, to supply the user with homogenous air 180 enriched with O 2 in spite of having depleted the contents of counter lung 160. In this manner, demand valve 125 provides additional safety so that the user will continually have access to homogenous air 180 enriched with O 2 .
  • a substantial mixing 124 results in substantially homogenous air 180, purified of CO 2 and enriched with O 2 .
  • Purified air 180 then returns to mouthpiece 140 by passing back from counter lung 160, enriched with O 2 164, ensuring that the user continually receives a proper amount of O 2 164 in each inspiration.
  • Enriched air 180 for inspiration passes back through mouthpiece via a return passage 112 that directs air 180 from counter lung 160 to mouthpiece 140.
  • O 2 bottle 110 cools.
  • enriched air 180 loses heat associated with the user body temperature and the above-noted exothermic chemical reaction in adsorption canister 121, and becomes cooled air 186.
  • This arrangement whereby hot air 180 becomes cooled air 186 through contact with O 2 bottle 110, ensures that the user receives a supply of returning air 186 at a comfortable temperature, helping to prevent user panic and shock noted above.
  • mouthpiece 140 includes a back pass capillary valve 192 and a forward pass capillary valve 194.
  • back pass capillary valve 192 closes to prevent back passing air 186 from passing through mouthpiece 140.
  • forward pass capillary valve 194 closes to prevent forward passing expired air 122 from passing through mouthpiece 140.
  • serial closures of back pass capillary valve 192 and forward pass capillary valve 194 ensure that forward passing expired air 122 forms a circular airflow emergency escape breathing device 100 that promotes substantial enrichment of enriched air 180.
  • closure of back pass capillary valve 192 additionally ensures that CO 2 adsorbent material 170 contained in CO 2 adsorbing canister 121 does not accidentally make it's way into the user inhalation and harm the user.
  • the light weight of emergency escape breathing device 100 allows a user to rapidly escape a hostile environment; the large capacity of counter lung 160 allows extended breathing while regulator 153 is protected from damage.
  • emergency escape breathing device It is expected that during the life of this patent many relevant emergency escape breathing devices will be developed and the scope of the term emergency escape breathing device is intended to include all such new technologies a priori.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP07112051A 2007-07-09 2007-07-09 Vorrichtung zum geschützten Atmen Withdrawn EP2014335A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07112051A EP2014335A1 (de) 2007-07-09 2007-07-09 Vorrichtung zum geschützten Atmen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07112051A EP2014335A1 (de) 2007-07-09 2007-07-09 Vorrichtung zum geschützten Atmen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2014335A1 true EP2014335A1 (de) 2009-01-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07112051A Withdrawn EP2014335A1 (de) 2007-07-09 2007-07-09 Vorrichtung zum geschützten Atmen

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP2014335A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015106218A1 (en) 2014-01-13 2015-07-16 Werjefelt Bertil R L Oxygen supply with carbon dioxide scrubber for emergency use

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0079709A1 (de) * 1981-10-28 1983-05-25 Ocenco Incorporated Atemgerät für Notfälle
US4802472A (en) * 1987-10-08 1989-02-07 Jung Sakun J Emergency air supply device
EP1106500A2 (de) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-13 Edward Cumming Atemgerät

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0079709A1 (de) * 1981-10-28 1983-05-25 Ocenco Incorporated Atemgerät für Notfälle
US4802472A (en) * 1987-10-08 1989-02-07 Jung Sakun J Emergency air supply device
EP1106500A2 (de) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-13 Edward Cumming Atemgerät

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015106218A1 (en) 2014-01-13 2015-07-16 Werjefelt Bertil R L Oxygen supply with carbon dioxide scrubber for emergency use
EP3094384A4 (de) * 2014-01-13 2017-07-19 Werjefelt, Bertil R.l. Sauerstoffzufuhr mit kohlendioxidwäscher zum notgebrauch

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