EP2011563A1 - Mixing-drying unit and/or reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The mixture dryer or reactor has an agitator with agitating shaft (11) and mixture element (13) mounted on the agitating shaft in its product chamber (48). The product chamber has a surface (2) and a conical cover (38) connected to the surface. A base (34) is provided, which is connected to the conical cover, and a raw material inlet and product outlet are also provided. A ratio between the smallest and largest diameter of the conical cover is 0.25-0.75 particularly between 0.4-0.6.

Description

The invention relates to a mixing dryer and / or reactor according to the preamble of claim 1 or 3. In the field of mixing dryers, it is known to use so-called cone screw mixers, which are formed by that in a cone-shaped product space a conically shaped mixing screw driven in rotation is arranged. In known manner, such a conical screw mixer consists of a conical jacket, which has a lower, central central outlet and from a top floor closing off the product space, at which different inlet and other openings are arranged.

It is known to form the cone screw mixer heated or unheated. In the known conical screw mixers, there is the disadvantage that they have a relatively high overall height. This is due to the fact that the conical jacket tapers downwards on the bottom side because the product is to concentrate in the area of a central outlet. This results in a relatively acute tapering down product space with the disadvantage that because of the required Useful volume of a very long mixing screw must be used. When using a long mixing screw, there is the disadvantage that due to the transverse torque acting in the product space during the mixing process, the mixing screw deflects laterally and there is a risk that the mixing screw flights start on the inner walls of the product space. As a result, particles of the mixing screw itself are undesirably introduced into the product, which is not tolerable in various products. For this reason, the mixing screw in its radially outer region must have a substantial radial distance from the inner wall of the cone shell, wherein this distance is about 20 mm, depending on the length of the mixing screw.

The high design is undesirable for installations in a chemical plant and leads to unnecessarily high construction costs, because it is common practice to arrange the individual devices in chemical production plants by the tube. In the upper floor (eg the second floor), the reaction vessels are arranged, the outlet is connected to a centrifuge, which centrifuges are arranged on the first floor of the production plant and the outlet of the centrifuge in turn runs in a arranged on the ground floor mixing dryer. If such mixing dryers are designed as undesirably high cone screw mixing dryers, there is the disadvantage that construction volume is lost and said three-level arrangement of a chemical plant is necessary.

Due to the long design of the cone shell, which concentrates the product on the bottom area and the local outlet, there is the disadvantage that in this area a poor mixing of the product takes place and thus the drying time of the product due to the extended drying time of the product in this floor area is determined in total. As a result, much drying energy is lost, because the drying energy is then useless for the entire product space, although the actual product to be dried is located only in the bottom area. Due to the fact that the mixing spiral in the conical screw in the bottom area has only a very low mixing effect, there is a risk that the Product sticks in this bottom area, sticks and is not completely removed over the spout. This undesirably causes product to hang in the discharge area, and the conical screw mixer must be cleaned after complete filling and emptying as an interim measure to remove any product still adhering. This is associated with a complex intermediate process that costs time and energy.

In a commercial cone screw mixer, as it belongs to the prior art, a typical filling volume in the product space of about 500 liters is given. Such a conical screw mixer according to the prior art in this case has a Konusmantelhöhe of about 130 cm with a total diameter of about 140 cm.

It is now important that the bottom-side outlet opening and overall the end face in the region of the cone bottom has a diameter of 20 cm. This requires the production of a very narrow and high cone shell, which is relatively difficult with the conventional rolling mill, because it is extremely difficult to set corresponding rolls in the area of the very narrow cone bottom with a diameter of 20 cm.

The production of such a known cone screw mixer is therefore particularly expensive. For this reason, there is also the risk that such a cone casing is out of round, because in particular in the bottom area only a difficult Auswalzung of the material is given, which leads to a poorer mixing result due to the runout of the cone shell. This is because the mixing coils then have different distances to the inner surfaces of the cone shell during the mixing process and therefore unmixed product deposits in this area, which is no longer included in the mixing circuit.

Because of these Anpresserscheinungen the mixing coils in the non-mixed areas of the cone shell, the product also tends to stick to the inner wall and can then no longer be completely discharged. Another disadvantage of a known Cone screw mixer is that the inserted from the outside into the cone jacket internals must always be applied in the lower part of the cone shell, especially where there is little space available. These installations lead to an undesirable distortion of the cone shell in this very narrow and tight installation space, which leads to the generation of an additional out-of-roundness of the cone shell in the region of the outlet opening. As a result, the mixing result is in turn deteriorated.

It is also known to use so-called ball mixers. It is full-bodied mixing body, in the interior of which the product is mixed, because the ball dryer is penetrated by a mixing shaft, which is rotatably connected to mixing blades, which achieve a thorough mixing of the product.

The cost of such a spherical body are extremely high, because these spherical bodies consist of centrally interconnected hemispheres, each hemisphere in turn consists of spherical segments, which are connected together in a complex welding and processing operation. Due to their spherical shape, the ball dryers have a very small heating surface and therefore a poor drying efficiency. To improve this drying efficiency, it is known to install a very high drive power on the mixing screw shaft in order to achieve high rotational speeds, which should allow improved heat transfer due to increased frictional heat in the product due to increased friction in the product.

Furthermore, it is known to heat in a complex manner, the mixing screw, which in turn is associated with increased effort.

Due to the poor drying efficiency and the compensation attempts of the industry with high rotational speeds to improve such drying efficiencies, however, there is the disadvantage that the product is destroyed because the mixing coils lead to destruction of the product due to the high kinetic energy.

Because of the required high drive power for the purpose of registering frictional heat in the product to be dried, this also results in an enlarged dimensioning of the mixing screw and the mixing screw flights, which in turn leads to higher production prices.

With regard to the useful volume and the associated height very good conditions are approximated, because it is known that in the ball interior with a small height, a large amount of the product can be processed.

Therefore, based on a conical screw mixer of the type mentioned at the outset, the invention is based on the problem of proposing a more cost-effective mixer dryer with significantly lower overall height, lower production costs and improved product drying and mixing degree.

To achieve the object, the invention is characterized by the features of the independent claims 1 or 3.

Claim 1 provides as essential features that the mixing dryer according to the invention in its upper region has a truncated cone shortened compared to the prior art and in its lower region a curved bottom, such as. spherical ball portion bottom or a basket bottom or dished bottom, or a flat bottom, e.g. a cone floor or a simple flat floor.

Claim 3 provides as essential features that at least two axially spaced-apart mixing elements are arranged radially asymmetrically on the agitator shaft of the agitator, each having at least two differently long armature blades.

With the given technical teaching according to claim 1, there is now the significant advantage that on the one hand the advantages of a conical screw mixer (large heating surface because of large contacted surfaces on the cone jacket) are combined with the advantages of a ball dryer, the Significant advantage that the outlet area now no longer runs to a very thin narrow cone, but much wider and curved (zBkugelig), conical or flat.

This is according to claim 3 has the advantage that now in this outlet area, which is in particular designed as a ball bottom, an excellent mixing is given, because in this outlet area (ball bottom) a special floor mixer can be arranged very close to the wall with low tolerance on the Along the wall can run without the risk - which was given the conical screw mixer - that this mixing screw escapes into this area due to acting transverse torques and the mixing screw helix run on the wall side.

In the bottom-side mixer according to the invention, which operates in particular in the spherical bottom, therefore, minimum tolerances of the bottom mixer in the direction of the wall of z. B. 5 mm can be achieved, which was not previously possible with cone screw mixers.

The invention thus consists in that one essentially uses a shortened conical jacket in the upper region and in the lower region uses in particular a spherical bottom, and this results in a bell shape of a novel mixing dryer, which is therefore referred to in the context of the present invention as a "bell dryer" becomes.

Characteristic feature of this bell dryer is that the product space has the shape of a bell, namely a spherical bell bottom, which is also referred to below as a ball bottom and an overlying cone sheath, which corresponds in its cone sheath angle the ball shroud angle of the conventional cone screw mixer.

Due to the given technical teaching, there is now the significant advantage that in a decisive way the height of the novel bell dryer can be reduced with the same product volume compared to a cone screw mixer. For a product volume of z. B. 500 liters has one Conical screw mixer a flange height of - as mentioned above - 130 cm.

The bell dryer according to the invention has a flange height of 78 cm for the same diameter and for the same product volume. It is therefore a 40% reduced overall height of the entire mixer dryer with the same volume and the same diameter. This is a decisive advantage that the bell dryer according to the invention has over the prior art. Its height is thus reduced compared to a similar conical screw mixer by 40%. Due to the fact that in the lower area - approximately in the range of one third of the total height of the mixer dryer a spherical bottom is applied, resulting in lower manufacturing tolerances, because such a spherical bottom can be made very easily. It is dimensionally stable and can be made very accurately, resulting in better roundness. For this reason, it is - as previously mentioned - possible to use the soil mixer used in this area with a small radial distance of z. B. 5 mm to the inner wall of the ball bottom run.

This results in a much improved mixing in the lowest range, and there is, above all, no dead space. Therefore, it does not require Restmengenrührers, as he was required in the prior art.

Due to the reduced overall height results in a total of the mixer dryer according to the invention also has a smaller surface, and thus there is a reduced risk that the product settles on the wall and is difficult to remove.

Because of the lower height also results in a shorter and thus a stiffer stirrer shaft, which in turn means that the mixing elements used can be performed with a smaller wall distance to the inner walls of the bell dryer. This in turn achieves an improved mixing efficiency.

Due to the fact that the advantages of a conical screw mixer - high drying efficiency - are used here, therefore, a high energy input is possible because it can - in a conventional manner - both the topsoil are heated and the conical shell itself.

In a first embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the bell dryer is formed vertically aligned and has a central lower outlet opening.

In a further preferred embodiment, however, it is provided that the mixing screw occupies an angle to the vertical and z. B. has an angle in the range of 5 to 15 degrees. Then it is thus provided that the entire container is formed inclined in this range of 5 to 15 degrees, which leads to the advantage that the lower, bottom-side spout can now be aligned exactly in the vertical, so that the product due to gravity exactly in the Vertical can be discharged. A lateral discharge of the product is therefore not given, and therefore there is no risk of caking of the product in the outlet area.

The proper inclination of the entire product space in conjunction with the inclined mixing shaft results in the further advantage that the product is well mixed in the horizontal direction. Such a thorough mixing already takes place when the mixing elements are formed gleichschaufelig and are symmetrical, because even already due to this inclination obliquely upward promotion of the product is given due to the equal-sized mixing elements. Much better is the mixing result then, if one arranges the mixing elements asymmetrically and in this case uses different long mixing paddles or mixing paddles. It is particularly advantageous if used as mixing elements two spaced apart mixing elements, which are rotatably connected to the mixing shaft.

In this case, it is preferred if the bottom-side mixer (bottom mixer) has two anchor vanes of different lengths. The term "anchor bucket" is therefore chosen because the blades approximately correspond to the shape of an anchor and are also formed differently long. This results in obliquely positioned product space and inclined floor mixer with inclined mixing shaft, the product is first detected by the lower lower bottom blade and conveyed in the direction obliquely upward and there experiences a quiet zone, namely where the radially outer length of the armature blade ceases. The product remains there in the product space and, after a short rotation of the bottom-side mixing element, is caught by the longer armature blade and conveyed further upwards. Therefore, there is an intermittent mixing of the product, because the product temporarily remains in the product space due to the differently long trained mixing blades, to then be further mixed in the product space into it.

It is important that after the product has been conveyed out of the area of the bottom mixer, this product is caught by an organ arranged approximately in the middle region of the product space, this mixing element once again having unevenly long blade paddles, which in turn perform the same mixing effect, ie. H. when conveying the product by the shorter paddle paddle obliquely upward initially define a rest zone for the product at the radially outer boundary of the shorter paddle paddle, after which then takes the half-turn the longer paddle paddle the product remaining there and further promotes obliquely upwards.

Due to the oblique arrangement of the bell dryer overall, there is also the advantage that the agitator organs are inclined in the product space and therefore no longer has the risk that undesirable product settles on the mixing elements, which is no longer on the subsequent discharge of the product from the mixing organs can be removed. The product will thus fall off of the slanted mixing surfaces of the mixing elements, by gravity, when the discharge is opened. Thus, the residual amount of the product in the product space is kept to a minimum.

Due to the structural features of the bell dryer according to the invention (inclination, novel agitator, spherical bottom) results Overall, a smaller surface and thus a much lower energy input for the purpose of drying at lower drive power.

Due to the fact that excellent mixing efficiencies given high drying performance and minimizing the residual amount in the product space, it is now possible to use the bell dryer according to the invention as a reactor. This was not possible with the conical screw mixers because, due to the poor degree of mixing, the product was only unevenly present in the product space, which led to an uneven reaction when such a conical screw mixer was used as the reactor. Therefore, it has not been possible to use known cone screw mixers as a reactor.

This is where the invention comes in, which now for the first time exploits the advantages of the bell dryer according to the invention and, for a significantly improved degree of mixing, makes it possible for reactants to be introduced in the product space which react uniformly with the products mixed in high efficiency. It goes without saying that in the formation of the bell dryer as a reactor, the other usually necessary for the formation as a reactor device features are incorporated. Such device features are z. As baffles that are used in the use of the reactor for the processing of liquid products, as well as measuring and control organs, which extend into the product space.

Another advantage is that due to the selected spherical shape of the spherical base now for the first time there is the advantage that with the same material use (wall thickness of the bell dryer compared to a conical screw mixer) a significantly improved Beulstabilität, distortion resistance and dimensional stability is guaranteed. Due to this fact, it is now possible for the first time to operate such a bell dryer with overpressure, which is possible with conventional cone screw mixers only with increased use of material and deteriorated efficiency.

Due to the fact that now according to the invention the bell dryer can be used simultaneously as a reactor, there is a significant saving of Umfüllvorgängen. This means that a production plant only has to consist of two apparatus, which previously had to consist of 3 apparatuses (reactor, centrifuge, dryer). According to the invention, it is now possible to dispense with the reactor of conventional design because the bell dryer according to the invention can be used both as a reactor and as a dryer. This results in significant cost savings in the production of such a production plant.

The subject of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims with each other.

All information and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are novel individually or in combination with respect to the prior art.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing only one embodiment. Here are from the drawings and their description further features essential to the invention and advantages of the invention.

Figur A:

ein Konusschneckenmischer nach dem Stand der Technik im gleichen Größenverhältnis und Abmessungen wie der in

Figur 1:

gezeigte Glockentrockner (schematisiert)

Figur 2:

eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Glockentrockners nach der Erfindung

Figur 3:

eine Draufsicht auf das untere Drittel eines Glockentrockners in Richtung auf die Bodenseite

Figur 4:

ein Schnitt durch die Anordnung nach Figur 3 in Richtung der Linie IV-IV

Figur 5:

eine Prinzipdarstellung des Kugelbodens nach den Figuren 1-4 über etwa 160° Kugelabschnitt

Figur 6:

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Variante des Kugelbodens nach den Figuren 1-4 in Form eines Tellerbodens über etwa 55° Kugelabschnitt

Figur 7:

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Variante des Kugelbodens nach den Figuren 1-4 in Form eines Korbbogenbodens/Klöpperbodens

Figur 8:

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Variante des Kugelbodens nach den Figuren 1-4 in Form eines Stumpfwinkel-Kegelbodens mit ca. 150°-Winkel

Figur 9:

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Variante des Kugelbodens nach den Figuren 1-4 in Form eines Flachbodens an einem in der Länge wesentlich gekürzten Kegelmantels.

Show it:

Figure A:

a conical screw mixer according to the prior art in the same size ratio and dimensions as in

FIG. 1:

shown bell dryer (schematized)

FIG. 2:

an enlarged view of a bell dryer according to the invention

FIG. 3:

a plan view of the lower third of a bell dryer towards the bottom side

FIG. 4:

a section through the arrangement after FIG. 3 in the direction of the line IV-IV

FIG. 5:

a schematic diagram of the ball bottom after the Figures 1-4 over about 160 ° ball section

FIG. 6:

a schematic representation of a variant of the ball bottom after the Figures 1-4 in the form of a plate bottom over about 55 ° spherical section

FIG. 7:

a schematic representation of a variant of the ball bottom after the Figures 1-4 in the form of a basket bottom / dished bottom

FIG. 8:

a schematic representation of a variant of the ball bottom after the Figures 1-4 in the form of an obtuse-angled cone bottom with approx. 150 ° angle

FIG. 9:

a schematic representation of a variant of the ball bottom after the Figures 1-4 in the form of a flat bottom on a substantially shortened in length cone sheath.

The figure A compared to FIG. 1 shows the main advantages of the present invention.

In the figure A according to the prior art, a conical screw mixer 30 is shown with the same product volume and at the same container diameter 28 has a much greater height, as can be seen on the Konusmantelhöhe 26. The Konusmantelhöhe 26 is defined by the fact that it corresponds to the height of the product space to the boundary of the flange seal 23.

A comparison with the FIG. 1 and the novel bell dryer 1 shows that the bell shell height 27 used there is reduced by 30% compared to the cone shell height 26. Of course, the product space also has a product amount of about 500 liters. The amount of product is in this case filled as far as the boundary line 22. In a manner known per se, a topsoil 2 is arranged in the conical worm mixer and a top stirrer flange, through which an agitator shaft, not shown, extends through. The cone sheath angle 24 of the cone sheath 38 corresponds exactly to the cone sheath angle 24 of the bell dryer 1 and has approximately the value of 45 degrees.

It is important that approximately in the range of one third of the height - measured from the ground - the conical screw mixer 30 is cut off. This is shown with the third height 29 in FIG. According to the invention, a ball bottom 34 is now attached to the cone shell 38 in this area and connected in one piece with the material. It can, for. B. take place a direct welding. Also, of course, releasable connection means (e.g., hinged hinges) may also be placed in this area. This leads to the fact that you can convert a conventional conical screw mixer at any time by cutting the conical surface 38 in the region of the third height 29 and the ball bottom 34 attaches, resulting in total to the bell shape of said bell dryer 1.

Advantage of a pivotally hinged to the cone sheath 38 ball bottom 34 is that a good inspectability of the agitator and the outlet can be done in the lower area, in contrast to conventional conical screw mixers 30. Another advantage is that by a hinged from the cone sheath 38 ball bottom 34, the agitator of can be introduced below the open lower end face of the cone shell 38 in the bell dryer 1, which then the expensive flange connection between the upper floor 2 and cone sheath 38 can be omitted.

Thus, it can be seen that the ball bottom height 33 is significantly reduced compared to the third height 29, because by this reduction the actual Savings the height is achieved. This is indicated by the dimension line 32 in FIG FIG. 1 displayed.

The mixing screw 25 of a conical screw mixer 30 can also be used in a bell dryer 1 according to the invention. However, the invention is not limited to this, because the invention is based on the FIGS. 2 to 4 describes other mixing organs, which should enjoy protection in their own right but also in combination with the new spherical bottom 34.

In FIG. 2 Further details of the bell dryer 1 according to the invention are shown.

The agitator drive 9 drives a stirring shaft 11, which is inserted through a bearing and sealing lantern 10 in the region of the upper bottom 2 in the product space 48. In the upper floor 2, an inlet pipe 3 is arranged for the entry of solid and also a manhole 4 for the inspection of the product space 48th

Furthermore, heating stub 5, 6 are arranged for the heating of the upper floor 2. The conical jacket 38 is heated by the heating stub 7, 8 and incidentally has an outer insulating jacket 12 on.

Two mixing elements 13, 14 arranged vertically one above the other are provided, wherein it is important that the total of the bell dryer 1 is inclined and in this case has the mixing axis 35 at an angle of inclination 37 in the range of 5 to 25 ° in the direction of the vertical 36.

The lower mixing element is designed as a bottom mixer 14 and has two unequal length armature vanes 15, 16.

These anchor blades are based on the Figures 3 and 4 explained in more detail.

The agitator shaft 11 is rotatably supported in a lower thrust bearing 17.

In the lower area is still a towing gas entry 19 indicated and there is a decentralized outlet opening 18, which is aligned approximately in the direction of the vertical 36 in the rule.

In the embodiment shown, however, the outlet opening 18 has a small angle in the direction of the vertical 36th

The outlet opening 18 is controlled by an outlet valve 20, which is associated with a valve drive 21.

The bell shape of the bell dryer 1 thus results from the fact that along the dimension line 31 (FIG. A) the lower part of a conical screw mixer 30 is cut off and is replaced by a ball bottom 34 (FIG. Fig. 1 . 2 . 4 ) is replaced.

According to FIG. 3 the details of the two mixing organs are shown in more detail.

The upper mixing member 13 consists of two unequal length blade paddles 39, 40 which are arranged symmetrically at the same angle to the mixing axis 35 and in this case consist of two inclined paddle blades 39, 40 which are non-rotatably connected via connecting webs 41 of the agitator shaft 11.

The associated superior mixing effect has already been mentioned in the general description part. It is important in any case that the product in the direction of arrow 46 is initially conveyed up on the shorter paddle paddle 40, then briefly stopped at the end of the paddle paddle 40 at position 47 until it is detected by the longer paddle paddle 39 after a corresponding rotation of the mixing element and further in the direction of the arrow 46 is conveyed upwards into the product space.

An identical mixing process also takes place with the bottom-side mixing element (bottom mixer 14). This consists - as mentioned - from two unequal length anchor blades 15, 16, the in FIG. 3 are shown again in plan view. Again, the product of the lowest lowest point of the ball bottom 34th taken, wherein each anchor blade only has a distance from the bottom of the ball of about 5 mm, is taken up by the armature blade in the direction of arrow 42 and in the direction of the radially outer inclined obliquely curved in the circumferential direction anchor vanes 15, 16. Consequently, it also requires an inclined conveyance in the direction of upward in the product space, in turn, the rest effect at the front free end (corresponding to the position 47 in the upper mixing member 13) takes place and after a half turn, the longer armature blade further promotes the product into the product space.

The FIG. 4 shows in a highly schematic manner that the two anchor vanes 15, 16 rotate briefly above the outlet 18 and the product leaves the outlet 18 in the direction of arrow 43.

As a thrust bearing 17, a simple cylindrical bearing is shown, which consists of a receiving sleeve 45 which rests on a corresponding stub shaft and rotatably engaged there.

In the FIG. 4 is also the difference in length of the two mixing organs shown. It is in each case to the supernatant 44, by which the longer armature blade 16 projects beyond the shorter armature blade 15 and also the longer blade paddle 39 projects beyond the shorter blade paddle 40.

FIG. 5 shows again as a schematic diagram of the lower part of the bell dryer 1 according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 , At the bottom of the dimension line 32 (see Fig. 1 ) of the truncated cone 38, which is shorter than the state of the art, according to the invention, a ball (section) follows ground 34, which consists of a 160 ° spherical shell. The axis 35 of the bell dryer 1 or its stirrer is slightly inclined from the vertical by about 10 °. The lower outlet opening 18 is displaced by the tilting of the axis 35 somewhat further in the vertical direction in order to allow a low-drained emptying of the bell dryer 1.

The FIGS. 6 to 9 disclose various advantageous alternatives of the bell dryer after the FIGS. 1 to 5 ,

So shows FIG. 6 also a ball (section) bottom 49, but not on the 160 ° of the ball shell after FIG. 5 extends, but only about 55 °, and therefore joins much more unsteady to form an annular edge 53 to the lower part of the truncated cone 38 cut from the prior art. The stirrer after Figures 2-4 Therefore, it can not penetrate so deeply into the interior of the bottom 49, as in the interior of the bottom 34 according to FIG. 5 ,

In FIG. 6 is the combination of soils 34 and 50 after the FIGS. 5 and 6 shown, which extends from the cone sheath 38 harmoniously seamless, and lies in the depth between the two floors 34 and 49. Such a floor 50 is called basket bottom or dished bottom, depending on the ratios of the radii to the connection diameter between cone sheath 38 and bottom 50th

In all three FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 Therefore, "arched" floors are attached to the cone sheath 38 in the lower area.

In FIG. 8 the bottom is formed as an obtuse angle conical bottom 51, which connects again to form an annular edge 53 to the lower part of the reduced compared to the prior art cone sheath 38. Of course, the lower cone angle 54 can scatter in wide ranges and is in particular at 150 °, but can be anywhere between 90 ° and 180 °. In an alternative, not shown, the cone angle 54 could even be an acute angle and lie in a range between 90 ° and an angle which is slightly larger than the angle of the cone shell 38th

Finally shows FIG. 9 a very simple and therefore cost-effective alternative of the bottom in the form of a flat bottom 52 as a circular, flat plate, which connects again to form an annular edge 53 to the lower part of the prior art shortened cone shell 38. Overall, the inventive features a significant space savings in a mixer dryer, which is now also used simultaneously as a reactor with superior mixing efficiency, lower production costs, smaller height and more stable container body.

drawing Legend

1

bells dryer

2

topsoil

3

Inlet nozzle (solid)

4

manhole

5

Heating nozzle (topsoil)

6

Heating nozzle (topsoil)

7

Heating nozzle (jacket)

8th

Heating nozzle (jacket)

9

agitator

10

Bearing and sealing lantern

11

agitator shaft

12

insulating

13

mixing member

14

floor mixer

15

Anchor shovel (short)

16

Anchor bucket (long)

17

thrust bearing

18

Dec. spout opening

19

Carrier gas entry

20

outlet valve

21

valve drive

22

boundary line

23

flange

24

Conical surface angle

25

mixing screw

26

Conical surface height

27

Bells jacket height

28

Container diameter

29

third level

30

Cone screw mixer

31

Dimension Line

32

Dimension Line

33

Ball ground level

34

ball ground

35

mixing axis

36

vertical

37

tilt angle

38

conical surface

39

shovel paddle

40

shovel paddle

41

connecting web

42

arrow

43

arrow

44

Got over

45

receiver bushing

46

arrow

47

position

48

product space

49

Basket bottom or dished bottom

50

Tellerboden

51

Obtuse-angled cone bottom

52

flat bottom

53

annular edge

Claims (9)

Mixer drier (1) and / or reactor, which has an agitator with agitator shaft (11) and mixing elements (13, 14) attached in its product space (48), and the product space (48) through a topsoil (2), a thereto subsequent cone shell (38), and a subsequent bottom (34, 49, 50, 51, 52) is defined, and at least one raw material inlet (3) and at least one product outlet (18) is provided, characterized in that the ratio between the smallest and largest diameters of the conical jacket (38) is in a range of between about 0.25 and 0.75, in particular between 0.4 and 0.6 and in particular about 0.5. Mixer drier (1) and / or reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two axially spaced apart mixing elements (13, 14) are arranged radially asymmetrically on the agitator shaft (11) of the agitator, each having at least two differently long armature vanes (15, 16, 39, 40). Mixer drier (1) and / or reactor, which has an agitator with agitator shaft (11) and mixing elements (13, 14) attached in its product space (48), and the product space (48) through a topsoil (2), a thereto subsequent cone shell (38), and a subsequent bottom (34, 49, 50, 51, 52) is defined, and at least one raw material inlet (3) and at least one product outlet (18) is provided, characterized in that at least two mixing elements (13, 14) spaced axially apart are arranged radially asymmetrically on the stirrer shaft (11) of the stirrer, each having at least two differently long armature vanes (15, 16, 39, 40). Mixer dryer (1) and / or reactor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the axis of symmetry (35) of the Stirring shaft (11) of the agitator occupies an angle in the range of 5 ° to 25 ° to the vertical. Mixer drier (1) and / or reactor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bottom is provided as a curved bottom (34, 49, 50) which is in the form of a spherical ball section bottom (34, 49) or as a basket bottom (50). or dished bottom (50) is formed. Mixer-drier (1) and / or reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bottom as a flat bottom (51, 52) is provided as acute-or obtuse conical bottom (51) or as a simple flat bottom (52) is trained. Mixer drier (1) and / or reactor according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the armature vanes (15, 16) of the lower mixing element (14) into the interior of the curved or conical bottoms (34, 49, 50, 51) until just before the inner surface. Mixer drier (1) and / or reactor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the topsoil (2) above and the bottom (34, 49, 50, 51, 52) at the bottom of the mixing drier (1) and / or reactor are arranged and that the product outlet (18) centrally in the bottom (34, 49, 50, 51, 52) is provided. Mixer dryer (1) and / or reactor according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bottom (34, 49, 50, 51, 52) on the cone sheath (38) is releasably attached, and in particular hinged thereto via a hinge and thereof is pivoted away.

Images