EP2011084B1 - Verfahren für automatisierte strukturerzeugung - Google Patents
Verfahren für automatisierte strukturerzeugung Download PDFInfo
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- EP2011084B1 EP2011084B1 EP07755532.4A EP07755532A EP2011084B1 EP 2011084 B1 EP2011084 B1 EP 2011084B1 EP 07755532 A EP07755532 A EP 07755532A EP 2011084 B1 EP2011084 B1 EP 2011084B1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
- A47F7/00—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials
- A47F7/0042—Show stands, hangers, or shelves, adapted for particular articles or materials for flat articles, e.g. panels, tiles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G27/00—Floor fabrics; Fastenings therefor
- A47G27/02—Carpets; Stair runners; Bedside rugs; Foot mats
- A47G27/0243—Features of decorative rugs or carpets
- A47G27/0275—Surface patterning of carpet modules, e.g. of carpet tiles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/30—Ink jet printing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
- G06T11/001—Texturing; Colouring; Generation of texture or colour
Definitions
- each pattern is comprised of at least two components in the form of separately configurable pattern layers that are digitally superimposed to form a composite pattern that is unique but visually related to all other unique patterns that use pattern layers taken from the same pattern sources.
- this patterning system may be used to generate an essentially endless series of patterns for use on individual floor tiles or carpet tiles (which, collectively, shall be referred to as carpet tiles), with no two carpet tiles carrying exactly the same pattern, yet with all carpet tiles carrying at least one common design element or motif that serves to unify the overall pattern when such carpet tiles are installed together.
- the generation of such patterns can be largely automated and can be carried out as a set of algorithms associated with the patterning machine control system.
- Floor coverings comprise important interior design elements that are frequently relied upon to unify and enhance a specific interior design concept.
- modular carpeting i.e., the use of carpet tiles - has become a favorite of interior designers, particularly in commercial spaces, due to its potential to mimic the appearance of conventional broadloom carpeting while, at the same time, provide a practical means by which localized portions of the carpeting can be easily replaced in the event of damage, excessive wear, staining, and the like.
- One specific application of the techniques disclosed herein is to automate the creation of a large number of individual carpet tiles that carry a non-repeating pattern sufficient to generate high visual interest and that disguise, to a large degree, any patterning artifacts that would otherwise be visually objectionable, yet provide one or more common design elements that visually unify a given carpet tile installation.
- seam discontinuity occurs frequently when there are design elements - for example, a simple band of color - that extend across the boundary and tend to emphasize the transition form one tile to a contiguous tile.
- one way to make such transitions as unobtrusive as possible is to apply a pattern to the individual carpet tiles that provides such visual variety across the installation as a whole that the transitions between individual adjacent tiles becomes relatively less important.
- the non-regular nature of the overall pattern formed by multiple tiles visually overwhelms the discontinuities at the boundaries, with each tile having a unique pattern but one that is aesthetically consistent, in terms of color and individual pattern elements, with all other tiles in the installation.
- patterning artifacts Added to such inherent design-based problems is the fact that the patterning process can occasionally cause slight periodic non-uniformities to occur within the pattern, such as the uneven application of dye within a pattern element or background area, resulting in a local streak or band.
- periodic non-uniformities are relatively unobtrusive, but when a series of such tiles carrying the same non-uniformity are installed over a larger area, such non-uniformities can become aligned, thereby emphasizing these manufacturing artifacts and forming visually obtrusive streaks or bands that extend over many carpet tiles.
- pattern anomalies, design lines, and manufacturing artifacts shall be collectively referred to as "patterning artifacts.”
- a challenge in implementing this technique is developing a system by which non-repeating patterns can be generated and printed at the time of manufacture. It is possible to achieve a pseudo-random appearance using a relatively small number of different design elements on individual carpet tiles, and then rotating the tiles during installation to produce a more random-appearing overall pattern. However, because this involves turning the tiles to orient them in different directions during installation, the pile orientation of the individual tiles is also turned, which results in a variety of problems, including watermarking or sheen (difference in light reflectivity from tile to tile) and seam problems (dramatic pile lay changes at boundaries).
- US 2004/0109003 A1 discloses a method by which a texture is created by layering previously stored patterns and by applying a desired color to each layered pattern.
- the patterns are layered into an accumulation buffer which converts the layered patterns of selected colors into a bitmap image representative of the particular texture created by the layering and color selection process.
- the texture drawing is temporarily stored in the accumulation buffer, and is later mapped onto a three-dimensional model or character image for display.
- US 2004/0184857 A1 discloses motifs and patterns generated by computer and printed on fabric, paper or plastic materials in continuous non-repeating patterns.
- the data is produced automatically by a random math algorithm, so that each of the printed patterns is similar, but not identical.
- the layout is arranged in a random manner, so that every part of the print is unique and exclusive.
- the size, color, motifs as well as the level of similarity or variety of the motifs and any other parameter essential to the design are all managed by the software.
- WO 2005/026863 A2 discloses an electronic means of generating a non-periodic pattern for use as a visual design, wherein this form of design can be used with a wide-range of commercial products, for example textiles, carpets, wallpaper, glass, lighting, etc.
- the design that is created can be expressed in one, two, or three dimensions.
- the design can be printed, painted or applied onto a surface such as a carpet, woven throughout the material such as threads woven into a fabric, or pressed, etched or embossed into a material.
- the fabrication of products having this form of non-periodic pattern design can provide a product that is continuously interesting to view due to the constant changes in the visual appearance without repetition thereof.
- the technique according to embodiments disclosed herein is believed superior, as these problems are generally avoided.
- the technique according to embodiments described herein provides a series of carpet tiles that carry a pattern that is non-repeating not only with respect to the selection and placement of design elements, but, optionally, also with respect to the orientation of the pattern on the carpet tile, thereby allowing for an installation that preserves a single direction for pile lay. Additionally, the technique according to embodiments allows for certain geometric operations to be performed on the pattern to enhance the appearance of pattern randomness, if desired.
- at least one common design element or motif is incorporated into the design to serve as a visually unifying element across all tiles in the installation.
- the patterns generated in accordance with the teachings herein and carried by the carpet tiles exhibit a distinct "random” or “pseudo-random” appearance and, individually, are each unique, but these patterns always have at least one design element that is expressed across all generated patterns, thus imparting an underlying uniformity to the carpet tile installation.
- the random or pseudo-random elements incorporated into the design tend to mask any visually obtrusive, large-scale design lines that frequently appear as the unintended artifacts of the design or manufacturing process, as well as any unintended mismatching of patterns or colors at the boundaries of the individual tiles.
- the designer has at her disposal an automated technique that, with minimal designer input, can generate an endless series of unique patterns that share a common artistic theme or motif and that are suitable for use in patterning carpet tiles or other floor coverings, as well as other textile products.
- the system according to embodiments disclosed herein is especially suited for use in patterning carpet tiles or other textiles using the application of interruptible dye streams under the control of electronically-defined patterns and electronically-controlled dye applicators that are actuated in accordance with digitally-defined patterns.
- the system according to embodiments disclosed herein effectively re-locates a portion of the design process to the actual patterning step in the manufacturing process, where it can proceed without designer intervention.
- the substrates to be patterned are carpet tiles of uniform size, but not necessarily of uniform pile height. It should be understood, however, that the concepts may be applied to patterning other substrates, and particularly other textile substrates, with appropriate modifications with respect to the size and nature of the substrate and the pattern effect to be desired. Additionally, it should be understood that the following terms shall have the meanings indicated below, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. These definitions will serve as an introduction to some of the concepts explained in more detail further below.
- the term "layer” refers to a separately configurable virtual data space which stores a pattern or design that is intended to be superimposed upon (or be superimposed by) other patterns or designs (each of which would constitute a separate layer) to form a composite pattern.
- the pattern for each layer is capable of being independently selected and independently configured, oriented, or otherwise geometrically manipulated or colored.
- a first layer could be comprised of a set of spaced vertical parallel lines and a second layer could be comprised of a set of spaced horizontal parallel lines. Inhabiting separate layers within the design software, the spacing of the first and second set of parallel lines could be independently adjusted, as could the color and thickness of the lines, etc.
- the two layers form a grid. Because the orientation of the lines comprising each layer also could be adjusted as part of a "manipulation" algorithm, the resulting grid could exhibit intersections that form right angles, or that form oblique angles.
- base layer which is comprised of the base pattern, as defined below
- overlay layers comprised of one or more overlay patterns, as defined below
- this nomenclature does not necessarily imply any order in which the layers are placed on the substrate - in fact, as contemplated herein, these terms are merely used to describe the pattern generation process, and not the process or sequence through which the pattern is actually applied to the substrate.
- the designer will choose the base layer to be that layer that most nearly covers the surface of the substrate to be patterned and onto which one or more overlay patterns are applied, but this is not required by the processes described herein.
- the term "host” refers to a master pattern, preferably in virtual form and preferably non-repeating in nature, from which small, template-sized pattern subsets or samples may be defined. If applied to a floor covering context, in one embodiment the host could be thought of as a non-repeating pattern on a virtual large substrate (say, for example, a virtual substrate dimensioned to be about 6.1 m square), onto which may be superimposed an about 0.91 m square virtual template at various locations randomly (or non-randomly) positioned within the large virtual substrate. At each position, the template defines an about 0.91 m square pattern "sample" of the master host.
- a virtual large substrate say, for example, a virtual substrate dimensioned to be about 6.1 m square
- Hosts may be used to define base patterns as well as overlay patterns (see below).
- template refers to a closed geometric shape that defines the borders of the pattern sample to be extracted from the host pattern to form either a base pattern or an overlay pattern.
- the template may be any shape or size, depending upon the desired design effect; it is contemplated (but not required) that separate templates may be defined for use with each pattern layer.
- base layer pattern refers to a pattern layer, selected or sampled from a host pattern (the “base layer host pattern”) using a template (the “base layer pattern template”), that, in a preferred embodiment, is unique.
- Each unique base layer pattern is printed on a single substrate (e.g., a single carpet tile), resulting in a series of printed substrates that are uniquely patterned (although all substrates will share whatever design similarities that exists within the host pattern that was used, after any pattern manipulation is accounted for).
- an objective of the processes disclosed herein is the automated generation of a series of patterns to be placed on a respective series of carpet tiles, with the resulting carpet tiles exhibiting a random or pseudo-random pattern that is different from tile to tile, but also exhibiting one or more unifying pattern elements (either from the base pattern host or from the use of an overlay layer pattern) that visually integrate the various tiles.
- the random or pseudo-random component of the composite pattern is assigned to the base layer pattern, and the unifying pattern elements are assigned to one or more overlay layer patterns (but it must also be understood that the roles of these layers could easily be reversed, even to the extent of having a single overlay pattern layer and multiple base pattern layers).
- overlay layer pattern refers to a pattern layer, separate from the base pattern layer, that, in the general case, is selected or sampled from a separate host pattern (the “overlay layer host pattern”) using a separate template (the “overlay layer pattern template”).
- composite pattern refers to the superposition of a base layer pattern and at least one overlay layer pattern, as performed electronically prior to any actual patterning step.
- a primary purpose of the overlay layer pattern is to provide common pattern elements or colors that are shared by all carpet tiles (or at least the suggestion of such elements or colors), thereby providing a unifying pattern motif across multiple carpet tiles that may carry dramatically different base layer patterns and thereby form a visually integrated interior space despite the "random" appearance of the overall pattern.
- the overlay pattern host is larger than the overlay pattern template and can, through varying the placement of the template at different locations within the host, generate overlay patterns that are themselves unique. It is also contemplated that, where the overlay pattern template is smaller than the overlay pattern host, the template can be positioned at the same location within the host, thereby generating a repeating pattern that can be placed at different locations within the composite pattern.
- one could have a composite pattern i.e., the superposition of a base layer pattern and one or more overlay layer patterns
- a composite pattern i.e., the superposition of a base layer pattern and one or more overlay layer patterns
- the same overlay pattern element(s) are expressed at different locations within the composite pattern, or in which different overlay pattern element(s) are expressed at the same location within the composite pattern.
- the overlay layer host pattern will be sized to match, or nearly match, the size of the substrate to be patterned (e.g., an about 0.91 m square for patterning an about 0.91 m carpet tile), and the overlay layer pattern template will simply be the same size as the overlay layer host pattern.
- every overlay layer pattern will be identical - the same pattern element(s) expressed in the same location(s) - for each composite pattern, and therefore every composite pattern will have the same unifying design element(s) in the same location(s), seen against a background (i.e., a base layer pattern) that is different for each composite pattern.
- some patterns may require more than one overlay layer pattern in order to achieve the desired aesthetic effect. In that case, the processes described herein for generating an initial overlay layer pattern may be simply repeated multiple times until the desired visual effect is achieved.
- multiple base layer patterns and/or multiple overlay layer patterns may be used, with each such pattern optionally being subject to various graphic or geometric manipulations (e.g., enlarging, stretching, mirror imaging, coloring, etc.), each of which may be controlled by deterministic, pseudo-random, or random selections of manipulation parameters. Accordingly, a virtually unlimited number of pattern variations may be generated using the techniques according to embodiments described herein.
- the system described herein provides the designer with the ability to maintain control, through the use of one or more overlay layer patterns, over the degree to which (and manner in which) each patterned substrate (e.g., each carpet tile) shares a visual similarity with other substrates that are intended to be used together.
- each patterned substrate e.g., each carpet tile
- the designer may concentrate on development of the respective host patterns and manipulation processes, rather than attempting to develop, on a one-at-a-time basis, individual pattern variations for use on a large number of individual substrates.
- each electronically-defined pattern in said series being formed as a virtual composite pattern comprised of at least a first and a second virtual layer, said first virtual layer being associated with a pattern that is unique for each composite pattern in said series and said second layer being associated with a pattern that contains at least one pattern element that is common to all composite patterns in said series; such that, when each electronically-defined pattern in the series is printed on a respective different textile substrate and the textile substrates are installed together, the common pattern elements printed on the textile substrates serve to unify the overall pattern.
- a process of generating a series of unique virtual composite patterns for use in patterning a series of textile substrates with each of said unique patterns being intended for a series of individual textile substrates, preferably carpet tiles, so that no individual textile substrate in the series carries a pattern that is superimposable upon the pattern of any other textile substrate in the series, said process characterized by: (a) forming a first and a second virtual layer, said first layer being referred to as a base layer and said second layer being referred to as an overlay layer, each of said layers being capable of storing pattern data; (b) establishing a base layer host pattern from which a series of non-repeating base layer patterns can be extracted; (c) extracting a base layer pattern from said base layer host pattern; (d) establishing a source of overlay layer patterns from which at least one overlay layer pattern can be extracted, wherein each of said extracted overlay layer patterns contain at least one visually apparent pattern element that is common to all composite patterns in said series of patterns; (e
- each textile substrate carries a composite pattern comprising an underlying pattern having no pattern repeats from substrate to substrate and an overlay pattern which has at least one pattern element in common with the overlay pattern found on every other textile substrate in said series.
- Figure 1 presents a simplified overview of the interaction between selected sub-processes, some of which are described in greater detail below, that comprise the disclosed design process in which a series of base layer patterns and one or more overlay layer patterns are combined to form a series of composite patterns that are non-repeating, yet carry one or more common design elements.
- Prespecified patterns are used to form the base layer host pattern library (Block 24) and, independently, the overlay layer host pattern library (Block 54), from which the base layer patterns and overlay layer pattern(s) are constructed.
- Instructions from the designer (Block 10) are used as input to the processes for creating the base layer pattern and the overlay layer pattem(s) that are the subject of Figures 2 and 3 , respectively.
- These instructions specify, for example, which, if any, manipulations are to be performed on the patterns prior to use as components to form the respective composite patterns.
- these respective patterns Following the generation of the base layer pattern and overlay layer pattern(s), these respective patterns, having been sized and assigned to appropriate layers, are combined (Block 16) to form a composite pattern of the appropriate scale (e.g., sized to fit the face of a carpet tile) which, in turn, is converted into patterning instructions for the desired patterning machine (Blocks 18 and 20).
- a suitable conversion process may be found in commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application No. 11/047,081 to Cox, et al. , Publication Number: US 2005206935 (A1 ).
- an entire series of non-repeating patterns may be generated that, although unique in appearance, contain one or more common design elements or colors.
- FIG. 4 A schematic representation of a base layer host pattern is shown in Figure 4 . It is contemplated that the virtual base layer host pattern(s) will be pre-generated either manually or by automated means and placed in a virtual host pattern library (Block 24 of Figure 2 ) for access by the automated patterning software at the appropriate time.
- the concept of the host pattern is straightforward - it is a relatively large virtual pattern within which a smaller virtual template (e.g., conceptually analogous to a "cookie cutter") can be positioned to define a subset or sample of the host pattern. Because the host is comprised of a pattern having a non-repeating nature, then the composition of the pattern defined within the boundaries of the template is entirely a function of the location (and rotational orientation) of the template within the host. So long as the location and orientation of the host is never repeated exactly, the resulting pattern defined within the template will never be duplicated exactly.
- the base layer host pattern of Figure 4 is shown as being comprised of letters of the alphabet of various sizes, with the individual letters representing non-repeating pattern elements and no individual letters being exactly superimposable or congruent.
- This arrangement defines a host pattern that is everywhere unique, with no pattern repeats.
- the size of the base layer host pattern relative to the base layer template may vary, so long as the host is at least somewhat larger than the template. The larger the host pattern relative to the size of the base layer template, the greater the chances that the extracted pattern will have no partial pattern repeat in common with any other pattern extracted from that host.
- the host pattern be at least capable of containing at least two completely unique tile patterns, i.e., ones in which the template is capable of at least two different non-overlapping placements within the host.
- the host will be everywhere unique and sufficiently large that dozens of non-overlapping template placements are possible. This condition will maximize the number of non-identical patterns of the size and shape of a carpet tile that may be produced from a single host.
- hosts in which the pattern is merely non-repeating over a substantial portion of the host design also may be used, if desired.
- the template preferably will have the same size and shape as the carpet tile, but it is contemplated that the template can be larger or smaller than a carpet tile (as determined by the designer or perhaps by a software algorithm using random numbers, etc.), with appropriate adjustments made for processing the extracted pattern defined within such a template so that the resulting pattern, when placed in a layer, will have the desired scale relative to the size of the carpet tile. For example, if the template is smaller than the carpet tile, then that pattern may be used in connection with a border or similar artistic device to fill the face of the carpet tile.
- the desired pattern may be electronically enlarged to fit the face of the carpet tile to be patterned, or multiple patterns may be extracted or otherwise generated, either from the original extracted pattern or in combination with one or more other pattern(s) extracted from the host pattern.
- the various patterns may be electronically "stitched,” collaged, or otherwise combined to form a pattern that is aesthetically pleasing for use on the face of the carpet tile.
- Step 22 requires the selection, accessing, and loading of a specific pre-defined virtual base layer host pattern (perhaps from a collection of several such host patterns) from the base layer host library 24, generally performed pursuant to instructions from the designer.
- Step 26 the base layer template is defined. For the sake of discussion, a square template 0.91 meters on a side, to match the shape and dimensions of a commercial carpet tile, will be assumed. It is expected that this step also will be done with designer input, although, as with the generation of the base layer host pattern, it is foreseen that this step could be automated through the use of pattern generation software algorithms and random or pseudo-random number generators.
- Step 28 represents a primary opportunity for completely automated activity by the software.
- location e.g., a center point or a specified corner
- that point can then be assigned anywhere within the host design, thereby specifying a proposed placement location within the host for the (pre-defined) base layer template.
- the generation of a location for placement of the template is preferably done through the use of software algorithms using random or pseudo-random numbers, but can also be done through other, more deterministic means (e.g., use of a pre-determined list of designer-specified location co-ordinates, etc.) Any selected location, however, must be subject to certain constraints that prevent any part of the template, if positioned at the selected location, from falling outside the boundaries of the host. This can be accomplished through appropriate software tests and subroutines that are included in Block 30 and that provide for repositioning and re-testing of the template or the "wrapping" of the template to the opposite edge of the host.
- the software can perform a predetermined geometric manipulation on that portion of the pattern that is within the host boundary (e.g., fill in the area outside the host boundary with a mirror image of the portion of the pattern closest to the host boundary) to prevent any part of the pattern within the template from being blank.
- a predetermined geometric manipulation on that portion of the pattern that is within the host boundary (e.g., fill in the area outside the host boundary with a mirror image of the portion of the pattern closest to the host boundary) to prevent any part of the pattern within the template from being blank.
- the virtual template can be positioned within the virtual host (Step 30), and the portion of the host pattern falling within the boundaries of the template can be defined or "extracted,” thereby forming the base layer pattern (Step 32).
- Figure 5 depicts a base layer host pattern, onto which has been positioned a carpet-tile-sized template at four locations (at dashed lines), yielding the candidate base layer patterns shown at 15, 25, 35, and 45. It should be noted that, although a square template that is intended to be congruent with the printable surface of a carpet tile is shown, the size and shape of the template is somewhat arbitrary.
- the patterns 15, 25, 35, and 45 represent the extracted base layer patterns from the base layer pattern host 100 shown in Figure 4 , each of which could be used to form a composite pattern on a separate respective carpet tile (i.e., four different patterns for four different carpet tiles). As can be seen, each of these base layer patterns is distinctly different from each other, thereby making less important the option of further pattern manipulation.
- the software checks to determine if any manipulation of the extracted base layer pattern has been requested by the designer (or as the result of a software algorithm using a random or pseudo-random number generator).
- the basic operations for the manipulation process are shown in steps 36 through 42 of Figure 2 (for the base layer) and 66 through 72 of Figure 2 (for an overlay layer), and are similar in both cases.
- Manipulation processes that are contemplated include, but are not limited to, rotations, re-scalings (i.e., expansions and contractions of all or portions of the extracted pattern), mirror imaging (either along an edge or along some selected axis), or the use of more complex, multistep processes (e.g., generating and superimposing a checkerboard pattern on the extracted pattern wherein the checkerboard itself is comprised of some geometric translation of the extracted pattern).
- the desired pattern manipulation might include the formation of a collage of several extracted patterns, in which the random element might be the selection of the extracted patterns to be used, or might be the positioning of the selected extracted patterns, or a combination (i.e., the random placement of randomly-selected extracted patterns).
- the template used to extract the sample pattern from the host generates a pattern that, when rotated, no longer is capable of covering the carpet tile to the desired degree. For example, an about 0.91 m square carpet tile cannot be entirely covered by an about 0.91 m square sampled pattern if the sampled pattern is to be rotated 45 degrees, thereby placing the about 0.91 m width of the sampled pattern along the roughly 1.3 m diagonal of the about 0.91 m carpet tile. Similarly, the same sampled pattern, when centered on the face of an about 0.91 m carpet tile, will result in a "diamond-on-square" configuration that leaves all four corners of the carpet tile unpatterned.
- the software can, on a trial basis, rotate and superimpose the extracted pattern onto a virtual model of the carpet tile, identify areas of non-coverage (assuming full coverage is desired), and either stretch or replicate portions of the sampled pattern sufficiently to provide the desired coverage.
- the extracted pattern does not fully cover the surface of the carpet tile to the desired degree (e.g., the template used to extract the pattern has a smaller area or is of a shape that does not meet or overlap all the edges of the carpet tile). This can be addressed by simply re-scaling the sampled pattern or by replicating the pattern (or portions thereof) sufficiently to provide the desired coverage of the carpet tile. Similarly, it is possible that the extracted pattern is too large for the selected carpet tile, in which case the extracted pattern can be re-scaled downward to an appropriate size.
- Blocks 36 through 44 of Figure 2 are used to select, access and load a manipulation algorithm from a manipulation algorithm library (Blocks 36 and 38), select and set appropriate algorithm parameters (e.g., specifying the amount of pattern of rotation, the degree of re-sizing, etc.) (Block 40), executing the selected algorithm (Block 42), and determining if additional manipulation steps are to be carried out (Block 44). These steps may be done with designer input or may be a decision left to another algorithm (e.g., using random numbers) and may be repeated as often as desired via Block 44.
- algorithm parameters e.g., specifying the amount of pattern of rotation, the degree of re-sizing, etc.
- base layer patterns following such manipulations are shown at 15A, 25A, 35A, and 45A in Figure 6A .
- Pattern 15A has been enlarged and flattened, pattern 25A has been reduced in size, with pattern elements added to fill those areas within the base layer pattern that would otherwise be blank;
- pattern 35A has been rotated, with the addition of non-rotated pattern elements appearing in the corners to fill areas that would otherwise be blank;
- pattern 45A has been mirror-imaged and rotated 90 degrees. As shown, all are sized for use in a carpet tile base layer.
- the overlay layer host pattern is similar in concept, but, preferably, not in pattern, to the base layer host pattern in that it comprises the overall pattern from which a template may be used to define and extract a pattern - in this case, the template is an overlay layer pattern template and the pattern extracted is an overlay layer pattern.
- the overlay layer host is sufficiently large to provide for a large number of non-identical overlay layer patterns that, when placed on multiple carpet tiles, will impart a visually unifying motif. This may be done through choice of pattern, color, or a combination of pattern and color. As an example of the latter, various different overlay patterns may be used, but if printed in the same color, the overall effect would serve to unify the various patterns.
- an overlay layer host pattern is selected (Block 52) from a host library (Block 54), such as the one depicted in Figure 7 .
- the host pattern has been depicted as an array of non-repeating characters - in this case, numbers - that represent unique pattern elements, thereby retaining the concept that the location and orientation of the template determines the content of the pattern extracted from the host.
- Figure 8 depicts four somewhat arbitrary templates, shown at 115, 125, 135, and 145, that are positioned within the overlay layer pattern host of Figure 7 , and which result in the extraction of the overlay layer patterns of Figure 9 .
- Block 64 the process pauses to determine if any manipulation of the extracted patterns are to be performed. If yes, then the manipulation-related algorithms of Blocks 66 through 74 are called. It should be noted that multiple overlay layers, each with a separate pattern (with or without manipulations), are certainly contemplated as a means to further manage the overall balance between randomness and similarity throughout the carpet tile installation. Accordingly, the steps of Figure 3 may be repeated as often as necessary to achieve the desired effect.
- Figure 9A shows the respective overlay patterns of Figure 9 following the use of various manipulation algorithms.
- Pattern 115A has been rotated to form a "diamond-on-square" orientation when placed on the carpet tile.
- the circular overlay pattern has been reduced in size, replicated, and repositioned at the corners of the carpet tile.
- the oblique parallelogram (and the pattern elements within) has been stretched, replicated, and positioned across the face of the carpet tile.
- the Greek spiral of Figure 9 has been reduced in size and formed in mirror image pairs that are replicated across the face of the carpet tile.
- the overlay layer contributes primarily to the establishment of a unifying pattern that is superimposed on (or that is superimposed by) a full coverage base layer pattern and does not have to provide full cover when placed on the carpet tile, there is no need to fill in any blank areas formed by the manipulations of these overlay patterns.
- the overlay host may be reduced in size to that of a single carpet tile and the corresponding overlay pattern template can be designed to match the size and shape of the overlay host, thereby limiting the possible alternative configurations for the overlay pattern, but greatly increasing the computational efficiency of selecting and configuring the overlay pattern to be used by eliminating the need to call data from a separate overlay layer host library.
- a virtual base host pattern 102 has been modified to accommodate an assortment of virtual overlay host patterns (102A through 102D) appended along the top edge of the base host pattern.
- the process reverts to the tasks of defining and positioning the template, (Blocks 56, 58, and 60 of Figure 3 ), extracting the overlay layer pattern (Block 62), and, optionally (but, in many cases, preferably) calling one or more pattern manipulation algorithms (Blocks 66 through 72) prior to removing any pattern artifacts (Block 76).
- the overlay layer pattern may still be subject to manipulation, but the extracted layer patterns comprising the starting point for such manipulations is limited to those created along the top of base host pattern 102.
- the computer and electronic control system depicted in Figure 13 are used to perform some of the steps shown in Figure 1 , such as processing the composite pattern data by converting the pattern data into dye applicator actuation commands (Block 18) and sending the appropriate commands, at the appropriate time, to the individual dye applicators (Block 20). Details of this machine can be found in any of several issued U.S. patents or published applications, including U.S. Patent No. 6,181 ,816 and U.S. Published Application No. 2003-0139840 A1 . It is believed that, with adaptations that would be apparent to one of ordinary skill, the composite pattern of Block 16 would also be compatible with other textile patterning machines, such as the Chromojet® Carpet Printing Machine available from Zimmer Machinery Corporation of Spartanburg, South Carolina.
- the carpet tile blanks to be patterned by, for example, a Millitron® metered jet dyeing machine may be of any suitable construction (e.g., hardback, cushion back, etc.).
- the face may be constructed of any appropriate textile materials in yarn or pile form that are suitable for dyeing or patterning, and may have a face height or pile height that is uniform or nonuniform (e.g., may be textured, as found in a multi-level loop pile) created by tufting, needling, flocking, bonding, etc., or the use of non-woven substrates.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
Claims (15)
- System, konfiguriert für die automatisierte Erzeugung einer Reihe von elektronisch definierten Strukturen (15A/115A, 25A/125A, 35A/135A, 45A/145A), um auf Textilsubstrate gedruckt zu werden, die gemeinsam zu installieren sind, um eine Gesamtstruktur zu bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
jede elektronisch definierte Struktur in der Reihe als eine virtuelle zusammengesetzte Struktur gebildet wird, die aus mindestens einer ersten und einer zweiten virtuellen Schicht besteht, wobei die erste virtuelle Schicht (15, 25, 35, 45, 15A, 25A, 35A, 45A, 115, 125, 135, 145, 115A, 125A, 135A, 145A) einer Struktur zugeordnet ist, die für jede zusammengesetzte Struktur in der Reihe eindeutig ist, und die zweite Schicht (102B, 102C, 102D) einer Struktur zugeordnet ist, die mindestens ein Strukturelement enthält, das allen zusammengesetzten Strukturen in der Reihe gemeinsam ist. - System nach Anspruch 1, wobei das eine Strukturelement für alle zusammengesetzten Strukturen (15A/115A, 25A/125A, 35A/135A, 45A/145A) in der Reihe in derselben Farbe ausgedrückt ist.
- System nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Struktur, die der ersten virtuellen Schicht (15, 25, 35, 45, 15A, 25A, 35A, 45A, 115, 125, 135, 145, 115A, 125A, 135A, 145A) zugeordnet ist, zufällig ausgewählt ist aus einer virtuellen Host-Struktur (100).
- System nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Struktur, die der ersten virtuellen Schicht (15, 25, 35, 45, 15A, 25A, 35A, 45A, 115, 125, 135, 145, 115A, 125A, 135A, 145A) zugeordnet ist, durch die Grenzen einer virtuellen Schablone definiert wird, die auf der virtuellen Host-Struktur positioniert ist.
- System nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Struktur, die der zweiten virtuellen Schicht (102B, 102C, 102D) zugeordnet ist, zufällig aus einer virtuellen Host-Struktur ausgewählt ist oder aus einer vorbestimmten Bibliothek solcher Strukturen ausgewählt ist.
- System nach Anspruch 5, wobei die vorbestimmte Bibliothek von Strukturen an die virtuelle Host-Struktur angehängt ist.
- System nach Anspruch 1, wobei mindestens eine der Strukturen, die der ersten virtuellen Schicht zugeordnet ist, vor der Bildung der virtuellen zusammengesetzten Struktur einer elektronischen Manipulation unterzogen wird.
- System nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Strukturen jeder ersten virtuellen Schicht ein anderes zufälliges oder pseudozufälliges Erscheinungsbild haben, so dass sie dazu neigen, unbeabsichtigte Artefakte des Gestaltungs- oder Herstellungsprozesses und/oder unbeabsichtigte Nichtübereinstimmungen von Strukturen oder Farben an den Grenzen zwischen den Strukturen zu maskieren, wenn die Strukturen auf Textilsubstrate gedruckt wurden, so dass, wenn die Textilsubstrate gemeinsam installiert werden, eine Stapelausrichtung beibehalten wird.
- Automatisiertes Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Reihe von eindeutigen virtuellen zusammengesetzten Strukturen (15A/115A, 25A/125A, 35A/135A, 45A/145A) zur Verwendung beim Strukturieren einer Reihe von Textilsubstraten, wobei jede der eindeutigen Strukturen für eine Reihe aus einzelnen Textilsubstraten, die gemeinsam installiert werden sollen, vorzugsweise Teppichfliesen, gedacht ist, so dass kein einzelnes Textilsubstrat in der Reihe eine Struktur trägt, die über die Struktur eines anderen Textilsubstrats in der Reihe gelegt werden kann, wobei das Verfahren gekennzeichnet ist durch:(a) Bilden einer ersten (10, 12, 24) und einer zweiten (10, 14, 54, 14A) virtuellen Schicht, wobei die erste Schicht als Grundschicht und die zweite Schicht als Deckschicht bezeichnet wird, wobei jede der Schichten Strukturdaten speichern kann;(b) Einrichten einer Grundschicht-Host-Struktur, aus der eine Reihe sich nicht wiederholender Grundschichtstrukturen extrahiert werden kann;(c) Extrahieren einer Grundschichtstruktur aus der Grundschicht-Host-Struktur;(d) Erstellen einer Quelle von Deckschichtstrukturen, aus denen mindestens eine Deckschichtstruktur extrahiert werden kann, wobei jede der extrahierten Deckschichtstrukturen mindestens ein visuell sichtbares Strukturelement enthält, das allen zusammengesetzten Strukturen in der Reihe von Strukturen gemeinsam ist;(e) Extrahieren einer Deckschichtstruktur aus der Deckschichtstrukturquelle; und(f) Bilden einer Reihe von zusammengesetzten Strukturen (16), die jeweils aus einer sich nicht wiederholenden Grundschichtstruktur und mindestens einer Deckschichtstruktur bestehen, die das gemeinsame Strukturelement enthält.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Grundschichtstruktur durch Positionieren einer virtuellen Grundschichtschablone an ausgewählten Positionen innerhalb der virtuellen Grundschicht-Host-Struktur extrahiert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Quelle der Deckschichtstruktur eine virtuelle Struktur ist, die an die Grundschicht-Host-Struktur angehängt ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, wobei die Deckschichtstruktur skaliert wird, um zu den Abmessungen des einzelnen Textilsubstrats zu passen.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei die zusammengesetzten Strukturen aus Schritt (f) auf einem Textilsubstrat verarbeitet und gedruckt werden, wobei das Textilsubstrat vorzugsweise eine Teppichfliese ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, wobei das Textilsubstrat mit den zusammengesetzten Strukturen in einer Dosierstrahl-Färbemaschine bedruckt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14, wobei die Strukturen jeder ersten virtuellen Schicht ein anderes zufälliges oder pseudozufälliges Erscheinungsbild haben, so dass sie dazu neigen, unbeabsichtigte Artefakte des Gestaltungs- oder Herstellungsprozesses und/oder unbeabsichtigte Nichtübereinstimmungen von Strukturen oder Farben an den Grenzen zwischen den Strukturen zu maskieren, wenn die Struktur auf Textilsubstrate gedruckt wurden, so dass, wenn die Textilsubstrate gemeinsam installiert werden, eine Stapelausrichtung beibehalten wird.
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US8655473B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 |
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US8145345B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 |
US20120141958A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
WO2007127089A3 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
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EP2011084A2 (de) | 2009-01-07 |
US20140120519A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
WO2007127089A2 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
US9060623B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
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