EP2009184B1 - Verfahren zur Bestimmung der radialen Ausdehnung und/oder des Gehalts an hydraulisch bindenden Materialien von DSV-Körpern - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Bestimmung der radialen Ausdehnung und/oder des Gehalts an hydraulisch bindenden Materialien von DSV-Körpern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2009184B1
EP2009184B1 EP08450089A EP08450089A EP2009184B1 EP 2009184 B1 EP2009184 B1 EP 2009184B1 EP 08450089 A EP08450089 A EP 08450089A EP 08450089 A EP08450089 A EP 08450089A EP 2009184 B1 EP2009184 B1 EP 2009184B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dsv
predeterminable
temperature
temperature comparison
area
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Application number
EP08450089A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2009184A2 (de
EP2009184A3 (de
Inventor
Roman Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Lackner
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Meinhard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Porr Technobau und Umwelt AG
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Porr Technobau und Umwelt AG
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Publication of EP2009184A3 publication Critical patent/EP2009184A3/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • So-called DSV bodies are produced by means of the jet-blasting method, a proven method in special civil engineering for solidification of the substrate in which a water / binder suspension is introduced into the underground from a subterranean rotating or pivoted drill pipe at high pressure.
  • the drill pipe is thereby moved starting from a maximum longitudinal extent, in particular a maximum depth, of the DSV column in the direction of the wellbore, whereby a column is formed.
  • a maximum longitudinal extent in particular a maximum depth
  • DSV columns can be produced down to depths of 20 meters and more. It is therefore provided for quality control at least a so-called.
  • Probe Textle dig after their preparation in areas to determine their dimensions.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, with which fast, simple, accurate and cost-saving properties, in particular dimensions and quality of the mortar used, can be determined by DSV bodies.
  • the Fig. 1 and 4 show flowcharts of preferred embodiments of a method for determining the radial extent and / or the content of hydraulically binding materials of DSV bodies 8, which are formed by introducing hydraulically binding materials in a bottom region 9, wherein at least a first temperature measurement curve 14 in a predeterminable time range in At least a first region of the DSV body 8 is measured 1, that the first temperature measurement curve is compared with at least one predetermined first part 2 of a predetermined first plurality of temperature comparison curves 3 in a comparison device 4, that upon satisfaction of a predetermined first convergence criterion 5 by one of the temperature comparison curves this is selected as the first temperature comparison curve 6, or that the temperature comparison curve with the smallest error deviation from the first temperature measurement curve is selected as the second temperature comparison curve 7.
  • From the proportion or content of hydraulically binding materials or hydraulic binder in DSV bodies 8 can be at least indirectly closed on the strength of the DSV body 8.
  • DSV bodies 8 can be determined quickly, simply, precisely and cost-effectively. This can not only on the excavation of a specimen, in particular a Probe Textle, are largely dispensed with, whereby a considerable time savings and cost reduction can be achieved on the site, but also a much more accurate statement about the quality, therefore the dimensions and / or strength of the DSV column or DSV body created. 8 be determined.
  • the safety in civil engineering can be significantly improved, the structural engineer much more realistic data with respect to the carrying capacity of the DSV columns formed are available as determined by the prior art test columns. This can prevent structures, such as bridges, buildings and / or tunnels, from collapsing, tilting and / or sinking due to incorrectly assumed load capacities of DSV bodies 8.
  • the hydraulically binding materials comprise at least one hydraulic binder, wherein it is preferably provided that the hydraulic binder comprises cement, and the first predetermined content of hydraulic binder is a first cement content.
  • other hydraulic binders may also be provided, such as lime in its different configurations, as well as mixtures comprising lime and / or cement.
  • the terms hydraulically binding materials, hydraulic binder, cement-bound mortar and / or cement are alternatively used. The description of one or more process steps and / or technological principles with reference to cement preferably does not represent a limitation of the process according to the invention to cement or cement-bound mortar.
  • the nozzle jet method is a soil improvement method in which the existing soil structure is destroyed by a high-energy beam and the soil or the bottom area 9 is mixed with the introduced suspension (cement and water).
  • DSV body 8 By simultaneously pulling up and rotating the drill string 10, a columnar structure of solidified soil is formed, hereinafter referred to as DSV body 8.
  • a first step as in Fig. 2.1 shown, a hole is drilled in the bottom region 9 to be solidified.
  • a nozzle in the drill pipe 10 is, as in Fig. 2.2 shown, placed under high pressure mortar in the soil.
  • the existing soil conditions are partially destroyed, and rebuilt by the mortar.
  • the drill string 10 is continuously pulled up during the output of mortar, whereby a pillar is formed. It is also possible to form DSV bodies 8 deviating from the columnar shape.
  • the main areas of application of the DSV include, in addition to ground improvement (e.g., underpinning, foundation reinforcements and foundation redevelopment), the production of horizontal sealing soles, vertical sealing walls, sealing pans and sealing measures in tunneling. Due to these diverse fields of application and due to the enormous flexibility of the process (application to different soil types, as well as different spatial conditions, such as lack of space), this technique of special foundation engineering has become increasingly important in recent years. Due to the process, the production of the DSV body 8 takes place in the background of the floor area 9 without visual inspection. Any deviations due to fluctuations in the influencing parameters can not be detected during or immediately after production.
  • Such deviations relate to the dimensions and composition of the DSV bodies 8, which are defined on the one hand by the pending floor and on the other hand by manufacturing parameters such as, e.g. Flow rate and water / cement value of the introduced suspension and pulling and rotating speed of the drill string 10 depend. For this reason, methods for detecting the properties of the DSV bodies 8 (dimensions and quality of the DSV mortar) are of considerable technical but also economic importance.
  • the inventive method represents a novel method for determining the diameter of DSV bodies 8 and the material properties of DSV mortar, wherein a measured locally on a DSV body 8 first temperature measurement curve 14 with is compared at least a predetermined first part of a predetermined first plurality of temperature comparison curves. It may be provided that this plurality of temperature comparison curves is determined, for example, by a multiplicity of tests.
  • the predefinable plurality of temperature comparison curves is determined by calculation, whereby - with high accuracy - can be dispensed with costly experiments. It has been shown that a determination of the temperature comparison curves of the predeterminable first plurality of temperature comparison curves from the exothermic setting reactions of the at least one hydraulic binder leads to surprisingly exact results.
  • the searched parameters of the DSV body 8 are determined by recalculation using the temperature measurement curve 14 measured at the construction site. It is therefore preferably provided that the temperature comparison curves of the predefinable first plurality of temperature comparison curves are respectively determined for a combination of a predeterminable first radius of the DSV body 8 and a predeterminable first content of hydraulic binder. Therefore, depending on the first radius of the DSV body 8, as well as its first content of hydraulic binder, a predeterminable plurality of temperature comparison curves are determined, preferably calculated, whereby fast accurate simulation results are available.
  • thermochemical material model for describing the progress of hydration in cementitious building materials is described below.
  • the required for the recalculation of the sought parameters of the DSV body 8 temperature measurement on the site is described in detail elsewhere.
  • the hydration of cementitious materials is an exothermic process.
  • the resulting chemothermal coupling leads to an increase in the temperature in the DSV body 8.
  • the temperature influences the rate of the chemical reaction (thermochemical coupling).
  • the solution to this two-way coupling problem is described below.
  • the progress of hydration is described by a scalar variable m, the mass of water bound in hydrates (hydrate mass).
  • Equation (2) The normalized chemical affinity ⁇ ( ⁇ ) reflects the dependence of the reaction rate on the already formed hydrates.
  • the exponential term takes into account the influence of temperature on the reaction rate.
  • E a corresponds to the activation energy of the reaction. It is 33500 J / mol for Portland cements.
  • the intrinsic material function ⁇ ( ⁇ ) can be determined by means of various experiments, by exploiting the chemo-mechanical coupling (compression tests) or the chemothermal coupling (adiabatic experiments).
  • the development of the degree of hydration ⁇ and the temperature development in a DSV body 8 can preferably be calculated by means of the finite element method. By comparing the numerically obtained temperature development with one carried out on the construction site Measurement can be concluded both on the cement content in the DSV body 8 and on its radius.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first flow diagram of a preferred particularly simple embodiment of a method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first flow diagram of a preferred particularly simple embodiment of a method according to the invention.
  • it can also be provided to determine these from a large number of experiments with different parameters and store them in databases or data sheets.
  • Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of such a particularly preferred iterative method, wherein in this particularly preferred embodiment, further additional advantageous method steps are provided.
  • a first radius range of the DSV body 8 is specified, that a predeterminable number of first partial radii is selected from the first radius range, that a first range of the content of hydraulic binder is specified, that from the first range of the content a predeterminable number of first subregions is selected on the hydraulic binder, and that the temperature comparison curves are determined for predefinable, in particular for all, combinations between the first subradii and the first subregions. Therefore, an area for the first radius and the first cement content or the first content of hydraulic binder is specified for the iterative calculation. For example: radius R 1 of 10cm to 150cm; Content of hydraulic binder Z 1 of 100kg / m 3 to 1000kg / m3
  • a particularly large first radius range and a particularly large first range of the content of hydraulic binder are preferably specified. Furthermore, it may be provided to specify a number of intermediate steps, for example those of four. However, the number of intermediate steps can also be predefined. The first radius region and the first region of the content of hydraulic binder are then divided according to the number of intermediate steps. The type of this division can be specified by the user. It is preferably provided that the division of the corresponding areas linear or logarithmically.
  • first radius range R 10 centimeters 50cm 100cm 150cm first range of content of hydraulic binder Z: 100kg / m 3 300kg / m 3 600kg / m 3 1000kg / m 3
  • all possible value combinations are preferably formed from these four parameters in each case, and the temperature comparison curves are determined with each of these value combinations between the first partial radii and the first partial regions.
  • the first convergence criterion can be defined as a predefinable area around the first temperature measurement curve. Particularly preferably, it is provided that the first convergence criterion is specified as a predefinable change of the first radius of the DSV body 8 and of the first content of hydraulic binder between two successive iteration steps, as will be described below.
  • each calculated temperature comparison curve is compared with the temperature measurement curve 14.
  • the quadratic error is preferably determined and added up. It should be noted that for each calculated temperature profile, the comparison with the measured temperature measurement curve 14 takes place at the same points in time. The ascertained quadratic errors are summed for each temperature comparison curve to a characteristic of this temperature comparison curve error value.
  • the temperature comparison curve with the lowest error value is selected for a further iteration step as the second temperature comparison curve, wherein it is preferably provided that a second radius range is specified, that the second radius range is predetermined as a predefinable interval around the second radius on which the second temperature comparison curve is determined from the second radius range, a predeterminable number of second partial radii is selected such that a second range of the content of hydraulic binder is specified, that the second range is predetermined as a specifiable interval around the second content of hydraulic binder on which the second temperature comparison curve is based from the second area of the content of hydraulic binder a predeterminable number of second sub-areas is selected, and that for predetermined, in particular for all, combinations between second sub-radii and second sub-areas, the temperature comparison curves are determined.
  • the second radius associated with the second temperature comparison curve and the second content of hydraulic binder are reduced and increased by a predefinable value, and thus a second radius range and a second range of the content of hydraulic binder are specified.
  • Z Area 2 below Z Second ⁇ Temperature comparison curve - 15 %
  • the new range of values is again subdivided into intermediate steps, whereby again preferably all combinations of values are formed. If a temperature comparison curve satisfies the first convergence criterion, this is output together with the first radius of the DSV body 8 underlying the determination thereof and the first content of hydraulic binder.
  • the first convergence criterion is specified as a specifiable change of the first radius of the DSV body 8 and of the first content of hydraulic binder between two successive iteration steps, as is also the case Fig. 4 evident.
  • the first convergence criterion is fulfilled if the change in the determined radius between two subsequent iteration steps is less than 2.5 cm and the change in the determined content of hydraulic binder is less than 50 kg / m 3 .
  • the influence of the individual parameters can be partly derived physically / chemically, but otherwise has to be determined by tests. It has been shown by the consideration of individual, preferably all, of the aforementioned parameters in the determination of the temperature comparison curves determined according to a method according to the invention values for the radius of a DSV body 8 and / or the content of hydraulic binder match much more accurately with the actual values as in all previously known methods.
  • the corresponding parameters must be known when using the method, and are determined approximately by means of soil samples, and measurements of the aforementioned temperatures. Thermal conductivities and storage capacities can be determined by means of a laboratory test and stored in databases in order to be available for the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 Illustrates for example in a diagram the dependence of the thermal conductivity on the degree of saturation and the bulk density of the hydraulically binding materials.
  • the accuracy of the measured temperature measurement curve inside the DSV body 8 is of particular importance.
  • a novel method for introducing a first temperature sensor 11 into a DSV body 8 has been developed. It is provided that after formation of the DSV body 8, a drill string 10 with a Rammspitze 17, in the area at least a first temperature sensor 11 is arranged, inserted into the wellbore and pushed substantially free of rotation in the still deformable DSV body 8 before its solidification, and that the Rammspitze 17 together with the first temperature sensor 11 when reaching a greatest depth is decoupled, and remains in the DSV body 8.
  • the first temperature sensor 11 in contrast to conventional methods, in which a first temperature sensor 11 is introduced by means of a rod, which has only insufficient rigidity, at an undefined point manually in the still deformable DSV body 8, in the method according to the invention, the first temperature sensor 11 by means of the stiff and well-guided drill string 10 introduced into the center of the DSV body 8, whereby there is a particularly high agreement between the actual location of the recording of the temperature measurement curve 14 and the assumed assumption of the temperature measurement curve in the determination of the temperature comparison curves.
  • the at least one first temperature sensor 11 in the interior of the drill string 10 in or on a pipe 19, in particular a metal pipe is guided, and that the electrical leads are guided to the first temperature sensor 11 in the interior of the metal tube.
  • the drill string 10 is pulled out of the DSV body 8 and the ram tip 17 remains together with the first temperature sensor 11 and the tube 19 in the DSV body 8, as in Fig. 10 is shown.
  • the first temperature sensor 11 further temperature sensors can be arranged at predetermined intervals, so that for different sections of the DSV body 8 in each case the inventive method for determining the radial extent and / or strength of DSV bodies 8 can be applied, whereby the accuracy of Results and safety in civil engineering can be further increased.
  • Fig. 3 shows an arrangement with finished DSV body 8 and a first temperature sensor 11 in the interior of the DSV body 8. Further, a second temperature sensor 12 appears outside the ground to record the ambient temperature.
  • the recording of the measured data can be done either manually or automatically by means of data logger 13, as in Fig. 3 shown. Automatic recording defines the reading period and sets the interval between recording times.
  • An additional display on the display of the data logger 13 allows a continuous observation of the temperature development during the hydration of the DSV body 8.
  • the use of data logger 13 allows an extremely simple transfer of the temperature measurement data of the DSV bodies 8 to a PC. Subsequently, the measurement data can be converted into various data formats (eg ASCII). The processing is very easy and also on the construction site itself.
  • the temperature is continuously measured during the setting process, and thus determines the temperature measurement curve 14.
  • the FIGS. 5 and 6 It can be clearly seen that the maximum value of the measured temperature and the time when this temperature is reached in the center of the DSV body 8, strongly with the radius of the DSV body 8 and the content of hydraulic binder in the introduced suspension or the introduced mortar, wherein the in Fig. 5 Cement content refers to the content of hydraulic binder, and the in Fig. 6 cited column diameter is equivalent to the radius of the DSV body 8. From these measurements, in turn, a relationship between the radius of the DSV body 8 and measured temperature measurement curves 14 can be seen. For measurements on the smaller DSV bodies 8 or DSV columns, the maximum temperature occurs earlier in comparison to larger DSV bodies 8.
  • a novel drilling arrangement 15 for ground drilling work comprising a drill pipe 10, wherein - viewed in the use position - lower end of the drill string 10 is a substantially immobile Rammspitze 17th is arranged, and that in the region of the ram tip 17 at least a first temperature sensor 11 is arranged.
  • Such a drilling assembly is approximately in the 8 and 9 shown, in Fig. 9 good the decoupled Rammspitze 17 can be seen, which as - viewed in the use position - downwardly arranged obtuse flat metal assembly 18 is formed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
EP08450089A 2007-06-27 2008-06-12 Verfahren zur Bestimmung der radialen Ausdehnung und/oder des Gehalts an hydraulisch bindenden Materialien von DSV-Körpern Active EP2009184B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0099507A AT505438B1 (de) 2007-06-27 2007-06-27 Verfahren zur bestimmung der radialen ausdehnung und/oder des gehalts an hydraulisch bindenden materialien von dsv-körpern

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EP2009184A2 EP2009184A2 (de) 2008-12-31
EP2009184A3 EP2009184A3 (de) 2009-02-18
EP2009184B1 true EP2009184B1 (de) 2012-04-18

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EP (1) EP2009184B1 (es)
AT (2) AT505438B1 (es)
ES (1) ES2386320T3 (es)

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PL2843137T3 (pl) 2013-09-03 2017-07-31 Keller Holding Gmbh Sposób i układ do określania promienia elementu gruntowego wytwarzanego sposobem iniekcji strumieniowej

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2957341A (en) * 1956-01-16 1960-10-25 Menard Louis Francois Auguste Soil testing apparatus
JPS61274013A (ja) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-04 Ohbayashigumi Ltd 薬液注入工法における地盤改良範囲の測定方法
US5576494A (en) * 1995-05-26 1996-11-19 Osterberg; Jorj O. Method and apparatus for subterranean load-cell testing
DE19807060A1 (de) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-27 Socon Sonar Control Kavernenve Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einbringung eines fließfähigen Mittels in den Erdboden
DE502006004534D1 (de) * 2006-12-06 2009-09-24 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Lastprüfelement

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AT505438B1 (de) 2009-06-15
AT505438A1 (de) 2009-01-15
EP2009184A2 (de) 2008-12-31
ATE554237T1 (de) 2012-05-15
ES2386320T3 (es) 2012-08-17
EP2009184A3 (de) 2009-02-18

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