Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
  • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
  • H01R12/50—Fixed connections
  • H01R12/59—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
  • H01R12/61—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures connecting to flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
  • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
  • H01R4/04—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation using electrically conductive adhesives
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a contacting system, in particular for the electrical contacting of substantially flat heating elements. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding heating element. Finally, the invention relates in each case to a method for producing a contacting system and for producing a heating element.
• heating elements based on plastics and suitable electrically conductive particles (carbon blacks, graphites, carbon fibers, metals, metal oxides or mixtures of these components).
• plastics which themselves have electrical conductivity (intrinsically conductive polymers).
• a cohesive and permanent contact with the conductive surface of a heating element can be produced.
• the adhesives used here are polymers filled with conductive solids. These may include carbon blacks or metal particles (preferably silver).
• Another problem is the use of metal particles themselves, which require a high degree of filling of the conductive ink due to their high density. As a result, the flexibility of the eligible conductive coatings and thus the flexibility of the contacted wire is greatly reduced.
• a further disadvantage is oxidation processes on the metal particles, as a result of which the conductivity of the conductive ink decreases over a longer period of time.
• solvent-based conductive paints are used, these solvents may under certain circumstances dissolve the conductive foil of the heating element and possibly destroy it. The result here too is an increase in the contact resistance or an uneven contacting of the heating element.
• thermoplastics are unsuitable for the production of flexible heating elements, since irreversible changes in shape and thus irreversible changes in the electrical power consumption occur as a result of mechanical or thermal continuous loading.
• No. 6,974,935 B2 describes a contacting system for electrically conductive foils.
• the power supply is realized there via copper strips, the application of the wires is carried out with the aid of a silver particle-containing conductive ink.
• the relative stiffness of the copper strips has the disadvantage that the bendability / flexibility of the resulting heating element is given only transversely to the contacting direction. This excludes applications in which the heating element must have sufficient flexibility in all spatial directions (eg in the case of heating textiles).
• the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a contacting system and a heating element, in which a simple, uniform, stable, secure and flexible contacting is possible.
• a carrier material a metallic conductor, an electrically conductive layer.
• the proposed contacting system is particularly suitable for contacting flat, flexible heating elements.
• the production of a layer-like composite of carrier material, metallic conductor and an electrically conductive layer does not significantly impair the flexibility of a (surface) heating element.
• the production of such a composite uniform contact of the metallic lead is achieved without significant transition projections occur.
• the metallic conductor is not surrounded by a conductive paint or the like.
• the contacting system can be used particularly easily, since no gluing or sewing of the metallic conductor on the electrically conductive layer is necessary.
• the contacting system according to the invention can be produced, for example, substantially in strip form and distributed in the form of metered goods.
• the contacting system makes it possible to contact any heating elements electrically.
• a special flexibility is achieved in that the necessary metallic conductor is not rigidly connected to the heating element.
• the metallic conductor is rather supported by the carrier material of the contacting system and does not reduce the flexibility of the contacting system or the contacted heating element.
• the carrier material of the contacting system may have a film, if appropriate made of a plastic, and / or a leather, textile or needle felt layer and / or a needle or spunbonded nonwoven and / or a filament composite.
• the metallic conductor of the contacting system may comprise a wire mesh and / or a wire mesh and / or a wire mesh and / or one or more wires, Lah- nenlitzleiter, Metallflachlitzen, metal crocheted mesh bands or Metallgespinstgimpen.
• the electrically conductive layer of the contacting system has one or more flexible electrically conductive films based on polymer.
• a flexible film By using a flexible film, the flexibility of the contacting system according to the invention can be increased even more.
• the electrically conductive layer may comprise metallic and / or non-metallic conductive pigments. If metallic conductive pigments are used, it has to be considered that due to the high density of the metal to achieve a certain degree of filling, a comparatively high metal content must be set. As a result, however, the flexibility of the electrically conductive layer may decrease.
• the electrically conductive layer has predominantly non-metallic conductive pigments. This embodiment makes it possible to achieve a particularly flexible contacting system.
• the electrically conductive layer may have a resistivity of about 0.1 to about 10 ⁇ ⁇ cm. Preference is given to a specific resistance of about 0.1 to about 1 ⁇ x cm.
• the electrically conductive layer is solvent-soluble or swellable by organic solvents. As a result, it is particularly easy to produce a bond with the carrier material and the metallic conductor with the electrically conductive layer. Furthermore, the production of a heating element is simplified. In this case, the loosened or swollen portion of the electrically conductive layer can serve as an adhesive for producing a cohesive composite.
• the electrically conductive layer contains at least portions of thermoplastic material.
• the thermoplastic can be melted by applying high heat (e.g., ironing) and then pressed on the layer to be contacted. This makes it possible to produce a substance of a coherent bond between the contacting system according to the invention and a surface to be contacted without the use of solvents. The achievable contact resistance is particularly low.
• the contacting system according to the invention may additionally comprise a temperature sensor.
• the temperature sensor can be connected to a further provided control electronics.
• the heating power of the contacted heating element can be controlled precisely with the aid of the contacting system according to the invention. Furthermore, it can be prevented that there is an overheating when contacting a heating element.
• the temperature sensor has a thermocouple, a resistance thermometer or the like.
• the temperature sensor can consist of a Ni-Cr-Ni thermocouple.
• the temperature sensor can have a resistance thermometer, in particular a PTC resistance thermometer. Pt-100 temperature probes are the most widely used in this field.
• the temperature sensor can be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the metallic conductor in order to detect possibly occurring overheating.
• the temperature sensor is PTC thermistor. mometer formed and has a wire-like shape. This wire can be arranged parallel to the metallic conductor within the contacting system.
• the wire-shaped temperature sensor preferably extends between the electrically conductive layer and the carrier material in the immediate vicinity of the metallic conductor.
• a wire-shaped temperature sensor can also be arranged below the electrically conductive layer or on the carrier material.
• a wire-shaped temperature sensor in the form of a sewing thread is routed at regular intervals from the top of the contacting system on the underside and back. This results in a side effect of a mechanical stabilization of the contacting system by the temperature sensor.
• Heating element having a substantially sheet-like shape, wherein the heating element has a layer-like composite of a contacting system and a heating layer.
• the heating element according to the invention is characterized by a particularly simple, uniform, stable, secure and flexible contacting of the heating layer by means of the contacting system according to the invention.
• the heating layer of the heating element may comprise one or more electrically conductive films or layers based on polymer and / or one or more layers of conductive textiles, carbon fibers or mixtures of carbon fibers and carrier fabrics.
• the heating layer of the heating element is designed to be flexible. This results in desirable flexibility of the entire heating element in conjunction with a flexible contacting system. It is preferred that the heating element has flexibility in all surface directions.
• the heating element has a temperature sensor.
• the temperature sensor is arranged next to the contacting system and possibly runs parallel to this on the heating element.
• This embodiment of the heating element is particularly preferred if the contacting system itself has no temperature sensor.
• a method of making a contacting system comprising the steps of:
• a bond between the carrier material and the metallic conductor is first produced for producing the contacting system according to the invention.
• the production of a bond between the carrier material and the metallic conductor can be accomplished by sewing the metallic conductor onto the carrier material.
• the joining of the composite of the carrier material and the metallic conductor to the electrically conductive layer can be achieved by dissolving or swelling the electrically conductive layer by means of an organic solvent. Thereafter, the dissolved electrically conductive layer can be pressed onto the composite between the metallic conductor and the carrier material and glued. This results in a secure cohesive connection.
• a method of making a heating element comprising the steps of: Providing a contacting system,
• the bond between the contacting system and the heating layer can be produced by dissolving or swelling the electrically conductive layer of the contacting system by means of an organic solvent. Thereafter, a cohesive connection can be established between the contacting system and the heating layer. Furthermore, a secure and flexible contacting of the heating layer is ensured.
• a form-fitting connection between the contacting system and the heating layer can be established.
• the two (flat) elements can be sewn together. As a result, a particularly stable heating layer is realized.
• the use of volatile organic solvents ensures that a good contact of the contacting system with the heating layer is reached after only a short time.
• An alternative embodiment of the two proposed methods can be realized if the electrically conductive layer of the contacting system and / or the heating layer of the heating element contain at least a portion of one or more thermoplastics. Accordingly, to produce the contacting system according to the invention, the electrically conductive layer can be melted and connected by pressurization with the metallic conductor and the carrier material. Furthermore, a bond between the contacting system and the heating layer of the heating element can be produced by the aforementioned method step. In this case, the electrically conductive layer of the contacting system and / or the heating layer of the heating element is melted and joined the two sheet-like elements under pressure to a cohesive composite. This can be realized, for example, by ironing.
• the mechanical strength of the heating element can be additionally increased by sewing the contacting system with the heating layer.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the contacting system according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the contacting system of FIG. 1
• Fig. 3 is a diagonal top perspective view of a
• FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the heating element from FIG. 3.
• Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the contacting system according to the invention.
• An electrically conductive layer 1 is arranged on the underside of the contacting system.
• On the upper side of the contacting system is a carrier material 2. Between these two layers, a metallic conductor 3 is arranged.
• the electrically conductive layer 1 has a flexible, electrically conductive, polymer-based film.
• the carrier material 2 may consist of a textile or leather layer, a spunbonded fabric or the like.
• the metallic conductor 3 is a wire or a stranded wire in the exemplary embodiment shown. However, the metallic conductor 3 may also consist of a wire mesh, a wire mesh, a metal spun or the like.
• Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the contacting system shown in Fig. 1. This illustration further clarifies the basic structure of the contacting system according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 shows a perspective view, viewed obliquely from above, of an embodiment of the heating element according to the invention.
• a heating layer 4 On the underside of the heating element is a heating layer 4.
• two contacting systems according to the invention have been applied.
• the contacting system consists - from bottom to top - of an electrically conductive layer 1, a metallic conductor 3 and a substrate 2.
• a flexible, electrically conductive film based on polymer has been used for the contacting system as an electrically conductive layer 1.
• the electrically conductive film can be dissolved or swollen by organic solvents.
• the contacting system can then be applied to the heating Layer 4 apply.
• a secure connection between the contacting system and the heating layer 4 is produced.
• a particularly flexible and secure contacting of the heating layer 4 by the electrically conductive layer 1 is realized.
• FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the heating element from FIG. 3. This clarifies the basic construction of the heating element according to the invention once more.

Landscapes

• Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
• Resistance Heating (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=38434802

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2006
  • 2006-04-07 DE DE102006016861A patent/DE102006016861A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2007
  • 2007-03-09 DE DE502007004398T patent/DE502007004398D1/de active Active
  • 2007-03-09 WO PCT/DE2007/000440 patent/WO2007110031A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2007-03-09 EP EP07722015A patent/EP2000005B1/fr active Active
  • 2007-03-09 AT AT07722015T patent/ATE474435T1/de active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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