EP1999806A2 - Systeme et procede d'alimentation electrique intelligents et evolutifs - Google Patents

Systeme et procede d'alimentation electrique intelligents et evolutifs

Info

Publication number
EP1999806A2
EP1999806A2 EP07763158A EP07763158A EP1999806A2 EP 1999806 A2 EP1999806 A2 EP 1999806A2 EP 07763158 A EP07763158 A EP 07763158A EP 07763158 A EP07763158 A EP 07763158A EP 1999806 A2 EP1999806 A2 EP 1999806A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
bus
power supply
removable cartridge
microprocessor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07763158A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1999806A4 (fr
Inventor
Karl F. Scheucher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/672,957 external-priority patent/US8860377B2/en
Priority claimed from US11/672,853 external-priority patent/US8026698B2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1999806A2 publication Critical patent/EP1999806A2/fr
Publication of EP1999806A4 publication Critical patent/EP1999806A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/001—Hot plugging or unplugging of load or power modules to or from power distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/36—Arrangements using end-cell switching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/32—Preventing theft during charging of electricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/34—Preventing theft during charging of parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • Each of the interconnection networks comprises a battery interconnection network having a plurality of individual
  • each column having a plurality of individual component
  • Lithium battery (BA-5590/U), NiCd (BB-590/U), NiMH (BB-390A/U) or any other non-compatible type shall not be useable.
  • weight energy systems including battery systems for use in vehicles, cars, trucks,
  • control circuitry of modular energy supply systems in automobiles. For instance, the control circuitry
  • the batteries may be separately removed from the automobile or
  • a power supply which includes multiple alternating current and
  • One of the inputs is a back-up energy source
  • the back-up energy source which is carried on board within the power supply.
  • An enclosure used to house the power supply is
  • a power supply may also be expanded by interconnecting
  • the power supply is microprocessor controlled based on the status (voltage,
  • the microprocessor manages the back-up energy source and the overall operation
  • the power supply disclosed herein resides in one or more weatherproof
  • enclosures housing a battery rack having a plurality of batteries in at least one
  • First and second fastening bars are affixed to the frame portion.
  • First and second connecting rods are attached to the first and second fastening bars
  • the battery rack includes a frame fastener and first and
  • second fastening bars interconnect with the frame fastener to secure the battery
  • a rearward portion of the frame includes an electrical
  • a front door portion of the frame may include one
  • vents and fans are or more vents and fans.
  • the power supply is mounted in an enclosure which includes a
  • plurality of battery racks reside within the power supply with one rack residing in
  • Additional frames may be separated from each other for maintenance. Additional frames may be
  • one or more frames may be removed if the power level or operating time they
  • Each rack includes a plurality of batteries in
  • the front-most frame is
  • a front door portion which includes vents and fans to cool the batteries
  • vents and fans may be positioned in the
  • the front-most frame may contain the motherboard.
  • an intermediate frame may contain the motherboard and rearward-
  • most and front-most frames could both contain fans and/or vents.
  • rack of batteries includes the steps of: unlocking the latch side of a frame from the
  • next adjacent frame Next adjacent frame; and, rotating the next adjacent frame about its hinged side to
  • the next adjacent frame may be the rearward-
  • the next adjacent frame may be any frame
  • Each frame may
  • Removal of the hinge pin from the hinge may accomplish the separation of the frames, or removal of fasteners retaining flanges associated with the hinges to a
  • frame may perform the separation, or other logical means of disconnecting framed
  • door-like, hinge connected modules from one another may be employed.
  • a rack for housing a plurality of removable cartridge batteries includes
  • the stack includes a
  • shelf and the top shelf are vertically spaced apart from each other.
  • a plurality of hollow spacing tubes are vertically through the bores in the shelves.
  • spacers reside concentrically around the plurality of interconnecting rods
  • Fasteners such as nuts
  • shelf elements may be placed and securely retained by features of the engagement between the sheet metal and shelf elements (snap together construction) or by
  • Each of the removable cartridge type batteries includes a first electrical
  • Each shelf contains one or more battery
  • Each docking location includes a first electrical connector
  • first and second electrical connectors are affixed to the first and second electrical connectors and are routed
  • contacts may be present upon batteries and docking locations.
  • the shelves may include battery interface circuits in the form
  • Each shelf includes a connector for communication with
  • the power supply includes a programmable microprocessor for managing
  • An alternating current input source is selectively coupled to an AC/DC converter which, in turn, is
  • First, second, and third direct current input sources are selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively selectively and selectively
  • the intermediate DC bus is selectively coupled
  • the third DC/DC converter is coupled to a second DC output and a third DC
  • the first DC bus is coupled to a first DC/DC converter which, in turn, is
  • the second DC bus is coupled to a second DC/DC converter which, in turn,
  • the third DC bus is coupled to a fourth DC output and the third DC bus is
  • the charge bus is coupled to the third direct current
  • the third direct current input source is the battery back-up
  • the power supply includes a microprocessor and the
  • third direct current input source includes a nearly limitless plurality of removable
  • Each of the removable cartridge battery packs is selectively
  • the removable cartridge battery packs is also selectively connected or disconnected
  • One exemplary algorithm for operation of the plurality of batteries is as
  • the microprocessor selectively connects a first portion of the plurality of
  • the microprocessor selectively connects a third
  • the microprocessor selectively disconnects a fourth
  • cartridge battery packs may include one, more than one, all, or none of the plurality of removable cartridge battery packs.
  • the plurality of removable cartridge battery may include one, more than one, all, or none of the plurality of removable cartridge battery packs.
  • packs may include batteries having different nominal voltages. "Nominal voltage"
  • the process can also include the step of charging the identified battery
  • the process can include the step of charging the identified item.
  • the battery back-up direct current input can be virtually limitless in size.
  • Multiple frames can house multiple racks of back-up batteries.
  • the back-up batteries are expected to be in the range of 10 VDC to 40 VDC. Commercially
  • each battery has a nominal
  • Each battery has a battery interface circuit which
  • Each battery is switchably connected (through the battery interface circuit)
  • the back-up batteries are connected in parallel and may be
  • cordless tool other cordless appliance, vehicle, or other backup energy application.
  • a monitor bus is also switchably interconnected by the battery interface circuit of
  • each battery and may monitor up to K batteries.
  • a sense resistor bus
  • the microprocessor directs power
  • the microprocessor also prioritizes up to N loads and disconnects the loads
  • Another embodiment of the power supply includes a plurality of hot-
  • the DC-AC inverter provides an AC output.
  • the removable cartridge battery packs are arranged in parallel with each other and
  • Each of the battery packs includes an output and a diode or equivalent circuit
  • the AC-DC input is fed to an AC-DC converter and then is ored together
  • the output of the AC-DC converter is interconnected in series with a diode
  • diodes are interconnected in an oring fashion. In this fashion the diodes or
  • the diodes are commonly joined in a bus which is interconnected with the DC-AC inverter.
  • the conceptual management hierarchy of the power supply system is
  • power conversion and control units may be (where P is a positive integer)
  • subsystems (where S is a positive integer) may be connected for management
  • Energy modules include but are not limited to lithium ion
  • the power supply user may
  • one such physical arrangement may be a gateway unit connected to at
  • At least one power conversion and control unit which in turn is connected to at least
  • At least one energy subsystem which in turn is connected to at least one energy module.
  • at least one energy subsystem having at least one energy module is
  • control unit may continue to operate provide power and management control to the
  • one input is a back-up energy source and wherein the back-up energy source is
  • energy source includes a rack of individually controlled and rechargeable
  • cartridge type energy packs are batteries.
  • cartridge type energy packs are batteries at different voltages.
  • a fuel cell rack an atomic-powered generator rack, a Li-Ion battery rack, a NiMH
  • AC power may be supplied to the power supply
  • the output of the DC to AC converter is arranged in a diode oring fashion together with the output from the common battery bus.
  • common battery bus voltage may be converted by a DC to DC converter
  • the batteries may be cordless tool batteries capable
  • the batteries may be Li-Ion or any of the types referred to
  • Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the intelligent power supply device
  • Fig. IA is a front perspective view of the intelligent power supply device
  • Fig. IB is a front perspective view of the intelligent power supply device
  • Fig. 1C is a front perspective view of the rack illustrated in Figs. 1 and IA.
  • Fig. ID is a front view of the rack partially populated with the removable
  • Fig. IE is a side view of the rack taken along the lines IE- IE of Fig. ID.
  • Fig. IF is a side view of the rack taken along the lines IF- IF of Fig. ID.
  • Fig. IG is an enlargement of a portion of Fig. ID illustrating one of the
  • Fig. IH is an enlargement of a portion of Fig. IF illustrating one of the
  • Fig. II is an illustration of one of the shelves of the rack having the battery
  • Fig. IJ is a perspective illustration of the removable cartridge energy
  • Fig. IK is a front view of the removable cartridge energy pack/battery pack
  • Fig. IL is a side view of the removable cartridge energy pack/battery pack
  • Fig. IM is a perspective view of the removable cartridge energy pack/battery
  • Fig. IN is a perspective view of a modular intelligent power supply device
  • a front cover hinged to one frame and including ventilating fans and ports,
  • Fig. 2 is a front perspective view of the intelligent power supply device
  • Fig. 2A is a front perspective view of the intelligent power supply device
  • Fig. 2B is a front perspective view of the second rack illustrated in Figs. 2
  • Fig. 2C is another front perspective view of the second rack illustrated in
  • Fig. 2D is a front view of the second rack partially populated with the
  • Fig. 2E is a side view of the second rack taken along the lines 2E-2E of Fig.
  • Fig. 2F is a side view of the second rack taken along the lines 2F-2F of Fig.
  • Fig. 2G is an enlargement of a portion of Fig. 2D illustrating one of the removable cartridge energy packs in the second rack.
  • Fig. 2H is an enlargement of a portion of Fig. 2F illustrating one of the
  • Fig. 21 is a perspective illustration of the removable cartridge energy
  • Fig. 2J is a front view of the removable cartridge energy pack/battery pack
  • Fig. 2K is a side view of the removable cartridge energy pack/battery pack
  • Fig. 2L is an example of a power supply which includes a three by three
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic for controlling, measuring, sensing, charging and
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic illustrating: an alternating current input converted to a
  • direct current output and/or the direct current intermediate bus is selectively interconnected to a third direct current to direct current converter to provide
  • Fig. 4A is a schematic illustrating a first direct current input, a second direct
  • Fig. 4B is a schematic illustrating: the first direct current bus interconnected
  • the first direct current to direct current converter is selectively connected to the
  • direct current to direct current converter is selectively interconnected to the direct current
  • Fig. 4C is a schematic illustrating the microprocessor, its power supply and
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic of one individual microprocessor-controlled interface
  • each individual interface circuit controls one of the removable cartridge energy packs/battery packs and the selective interconnection with the direct current
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration for obtaining load and removable cartridge
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic illustrating up to K removable cartridge energy
  • Fig. 8 is an illustration of the processing steps used in a configurable power
  • Fig 9A is a representation of intelligent power supplies connected to various components
  • Fig. 9B is a table illustrating computer monitoring and management of the
  • Fig 10 is a schematic of the 3.3 V and 6.6V Power Supplies.
  • Fig. 11 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of one individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit for the control of one the removable cartridge energy packs/battery packs and the selective interconnection with the
  • Fig. 12 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is microprocessor-controlled.
  • Fig. 13 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 14 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 15 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 16 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 17 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 18 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 19 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • FIG. 20 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 21 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 22 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 23 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 24 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 25 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 26 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 27 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 28 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 29 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • FIG. 30 is an example of a schematic similar to Fig. 5 of another individual
  • microprocessor-controlled interface circuit is a microprocessor-controlled interface circuit.
  • Fig. 31 indicates an example of AC input and AC/DC converter circuits.
  • Fig. 32 is an example of an AC/DC converter and DC output voltage bus
  • Fig. 33 is an example of First DC input circuits.
  • Fig. 34 illustrates an example of First DC input bus connections switches.
  • Fig. 35 illustrates an example of Second DC input circuits.
  • Fig. 36 illustrates an example of Second DC input bus connections switches.
  • Fig. 37 illustrates Third DC input battery pack array circuits.
  • Fig. 38 illustrates the Third DC input bus connection switches.
  • Fig. 39 illustrates an example of First DC/DC converter circuits.
  • Fig. 40 illustrates an example of First DC/DC converter bus connection
  • Fig. 41 illustrates an example of Second DC/DC converter circuits.
  • Fig. 42 illustrates an example of First DC/DC converter bus connection
  • Fig. 43 illustrates an example of DC/AC inverter circuits.
  • Fig. 44 illustrate an example of First DC output circuits.
  • Fig. 45 illustrates an example of Third DC bus and fourth DC/DC converter circuits.
  • Fig. 46 illustrates an example of Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth DC outputs
  • Fig. 47 illustrates an example serial to parallel circuits to implement serial
  • microprocessor control instructions into parallel control signals.
  • Fig. 48 illustrates an example of additional serial to parallel circuits
  • Fig. 49 illustrates an example of additional serial to parallel circuits
  • Fig. 50 illustrates an example of additional serial to parallel circuits
  • Fig. 51 illustrates an example of Microcontroller interface circuits.
  • Fig. 52 illustrates an example of Microcontroller and support circuits.
  • Fig. 53 illustrates an example of Microcontroller interface circuits.
  • Fig. 54 illustrates an example of current monitoring circuits.
  • Fig. 55 illustrates an example of current monitoring circuits.
  • Fig. 56 illustrates an example of current monitoring circuits.
  • Fig. 57 illustrates an example of DC/DC converter voltage programming
  • Fig. 58 illustrates an example of Second and Third DC outputs and third DC/DC converter circuits.
  • Fig. 59A schematically illustrates twenty battery packs interconnected in
  • Fig. 59B schematically illustrates the interconnection of the battery array
  • Fig. 59C schematically illustrates the interconnection of an AC input with an
  • Fig. 59D pictorially illustrates the power supply with the battery rack
  • Fig. 59E is a view similar to Fig. 59D illustrating the power supply with the
  • Fig. 59F is a view similar to Figs. 59D and 59E with the battery rack
  • Fig. 59G is a view similar to the immediately preceding Figs. 59D- 59F inclusive with the battery rack populated with removable cartridge type Lithium
  • Ion batteries and illustrating the power supply interconnected with a load such as
  • Fig. 59H is a view similar to the immediately preceding Figs. 59D-59G
  • Fig. 60 is an illustration of the conceptual management hierarchy of the
  • Fig. 61 A is an exemplary depiction of the physical arrangement of a power
  • Fig. 61B is an alternative depiction of a physical arrangement of a power
  • Fig. 62 illustrates a power supply using quick disconnect cartridge type
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic 300 for controlling, measuring, sensing, charging and
  • Fig. 1 is a front perspective view 100 of the intelligent power supply device
  • the rack is best viewed in Figs. 1C, ID, IE and IF.
  • removable cartridge energy packs 102 are preferably batteries and those shown are
  • Makita® is believed to be a trademark of Makita Corporation of
  • NiMH Nickel Metal Hydride
  • NiCd Nickel Cadmium
  • Li-ion polymer Li-ion polymer
  • Li-Ion is one preferable
  • lithium-ion batteries having a smaller capacity and therefore a lower lithium or
  • the batteries 102 may be removed at any time even while they are in
  • Reference numeral 110 indicates a printed circuit board
  • Fig. 1C is a front perspective
  • the printed battery interface circuit board may be
  • circuit board and the shelves or rack implementing a "snap together" construction.
  • Fig. IA is a front perspective view IOOA of the power supply device similar
  • the power supply device is functional provided an
  • the power supply can serve to transform power sources on behalf of the user.
  • a 230VAC 50Hz input can be usefully transformed by the intelligent
  • shelves 103 are adapted to receive the Makita®
  • Shelves 103 may be made of an electrical insulator
  • Recesses 106 receive spring loaded locks 111, 112.
  • Fig. IJ a perspective illustration 10OJ of the removable
  • Fig. IK is a front view IOOK of the removable cartridge
  • Fig. IL is a side view IOOL of the removable
  • buttons 111, 112 are integral such that as button 11 1 is depressed downwardly when
  • front door portion 107 is shown in the open
  • Door 107 can be securely locked and padlocked to protect the power supply device
  • a threaded screw 109 is illustrated as one way to secure
  • Door 107 includes vents 117A which allow ventilation of the interior of the
  • Filters may be placed over vents 117A to
  • Duct or baffling elements can be included to the effect of
  • microprocessor 495 is controlled by the microprocessor 495 based on various temperature
  • Wire harness 122 A powers fans 117.
  • lip 118 is affixed to door 107 and is used to
  • Door open sensor 108 interacts with block 108A on door
  • Door open sensor 108 is interconnected to
  • Wires 139 include AC and DC inputs and
  • microprocessor 495 is
  • a network access element such as a wireless access point via its Ethernet
  • Fig. IB is a front perspective view IOOB of the intelligent power supply
  • Motherboard 120 is illustrated schematically in Fig. IB and
  • input and output circuitry includes, but is not limited to: input and output circuitry; the AC/DC converter; the DC/AC inverter; the first, second, third and fourth DC/DC converters; the first,
  • the microprocessor 495 makes voltage
  • microprocessor 495 makes current measurements at all places
  • the sensors may be thermocouples, thermistors, platinum RTDs,
  • the microprocessor 495 may, for example, be a
  • Texas Instruments mixed signal microcontroller capable of analog to digital conversion and digital to analog conversion and many other functions. Many other
  • microprocessors may be used instead of the Texas Instruments mixed signal
  • An onboard and/or external timebase 463 will provide a realtime
  • a fastening bar 124 is affixed to the enclosure 101.
  • communication and power wire harness 122 is
  • Connector 123 joins
  • wire harness 122 may transmit power and communication signals
  • Gasket 128 protects the interior of the enclosure 101 from rain, snow, other forms of moisture such as salt and fresh water spray, dust, insects, and other
  • FIG. 1C shelves 103 having apertures 106 are shown in a
  • FIG. II is an illustration
  • Guides/electrical contacts 131, 132 are "L"-shaped electrically
  • IJ slots 112 A, 112B engage electrical contacts 131, 132 and
  • Fig. IG is an enlargement of a portion IOOG of Fig. ID
  • lock 112 is illustrated residing in aperture 106 of the shelf in Figs. IG and IH.
  • Figs. ID- IH illustrate the example wherein wires 149 are used to transmit
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic 500 of one of
  • Fig. IG is an enlargement of a portion IOOG of Fig. ID illustrating one of
  • FIG. IH is an enlargement of
  • reference numeral 149 are viewed connected to threaded posts 13 IA
  • Posts 13 IA, 132A are viewed from above the shelves in Fig. 1C and
  • the battery 102 and a wire(s) are connected to the sensor for communication with
  • Each shelf as viewed in Fig. IE includes 4
  • Fig. II is an illustration 1001 of one of the shelves 103A of the rack having
  • the shelves are made of material suitable for the
  • shelves 103 and hollow tube spacers 105 separate the shelves from each other.
  • Spacers 105 are stainless steel and sufficiently strong to support the shelves.
  • a representative temperature sensor 144 which may
  • the temperature sensor is
  • the Makita® battery 102 is a dual use battery
  • Batteries can be charged on board the rack HOC within the power
  • an entire rack of batteries may be removed from the power supply
  • Battery power is supplied to bus 450A and
  • reference numeral 147 indicates system common. Temperature sensor information
  • a charge bus 489A is
  • each battery information circuit (140, 141, 142, 143) printed
  • a connector will be employed to communicate with another
  • each shelf 103 A may communicate
  • Fig. ID is a front view IOOD of the rack partially populated with the removable cartridge energy packs 102 in the rack.
  • Fig. IE is a side view
  • IOOE of the rack taken along the lines IE-IE of Fig. ID. Fig. IF is a side view
  • Each of the fastening bars 119, 129 include bores 119A,
  • fastening bars 119, 129 include bores
  • Bars 1 19, 129 includes bores 119A, 129A
  • Rods 125, 125A protrude from the end of bars 129 as
  • Fig. IN is a perspective view IOON a modular intelligent power supply
  • front cover 153 is hinged 155 to the first intermediate frame 152 and includes
  • the first intermediate frame 152 is hinged 154 to the second intermediate frame 152A.
  • the second intermediate frame 152A is
  • Rear cover 163 A includes a motherboard 160.
  • Fig. IN provides twice the energy and power of the example illustrated in Fig. 1
  • Fig. IN illustrates frame 152 being partially populated and employing
  • Frame 152 may be partially populated because some of the batteries have been
  • the modular power supply device may be taken apart for maintenance by simply
  • the modular design is that it enables servicing of the motherboard while
  • Fig. 2 is a front perspective view 200 of the intelligent power supply device
  • the other removable cartridge energy packs 202 illustrated are 28 VDC Li-Ion
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 provide approximately the same energy (nominally 1000 Watt-hours) and power (150
  • the energy (nominally 2000 Watts-hours). Different power levels may be possible.
  • a power level of 150 Watts may be useful
  • lighter loads such as mobile wireless routers or wireless access
  • a higher power level may be desirable for various transmitter or
  • transceiver communications gear perhaps 300 to 400 Watts.
  • power levels may be implemented via the use of appropriately sized AC/DC,
  • the number of fans and vents may be increased to improve cooling
  • Buckle type latches 157, 157A are the intermediate frames by mounts 158 or the like.
  • the door open sensor 108 allows the microprocessor to
  • the microprocessor can then inform the management entity with a door
  • Fig. 2A is a front perspective view 200A of the intelligent power supply
  • Fig. 2B is a front perspective
  • FIG. 2C is another front
  • FIG. 200C perspective view 200C of the second rack illustrated in Figs. 2 and 2A.
  • enclosure 201 illustrated in a partially populated rack affixed within enclosure 201.
  • Spacers 205 have a
  • 229 include bores 219A, 229A therethrough for interconnection with rods 225,
  • the fastener bars 219, 219A are mounted above the top shelf
  • Rods 204 are threaded and in conjunction with nuts 238 and 239 provide a secure and stable rack which can be handled
  • Door 207 operates to enable maintenance of the rack and the removal of the
  • the rack can be stored over Hp 218 by using loop 218A to secure
  • vents 217A, door open switch 208A, and block 208 operates as was
  • printed battery interface circuit board 210B is
  • Reference numeral 210 is used to generally indicate the battery
  • printed battery interface circuits may reside on either the
  • unnumbered cable are used to transmit power and control signals between the
  • Fig. 2D is a front view 200D of the second rack partially populated with the
  • Fig. 2E is a side view
  • Fig. 2F is a side view 200F of the second rack taken along the lines 2F-2F of Fig. 2D.
  • Fig. 2G is an enlargement of a portion 200G of Fig. 2D illustrating one of
  • Fig. 2H is an
  • Battery 202 interconnects with a
  • the Milwaukee® 28 VDC battery 202 includes a locking
  • the Milwaukee® connector includes two
  • Fig. 21 is a perspective illustration 2001 of the removable cartridge energy
  • Fig. 21 illustrates a groove 23 IB which
  • Fig. 2J is a front
  • Fig. 2K is a side view 200K of the removable cartridge energy pack/battery
  • Fig. 2L is an example 200L of a power supply which includes a three by
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic 500 of one of the microprocessor-controlled battery
  • An interface circuit controls one of the removable cartridge
  • the microprocessor 495 multiplexes voltage signals
  • the microprocessor enables 495E the voltage monitoring of each of K batteries in the system according to clocked signals (i.e.,
  • the battery monitor bus is isolated from the
  • enable 495E applies voltage across resistor 527 to the gate of N-channel MOSFET
  • P-channel MOSFET 521 then allows conduction
  • MOSFET Metal Organic semiconductor
  • MOSFET N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • P-channel MOSFETs may be used depending on the specific application.
  • the microprocessor 495 generates a charge enable
  • resistors 514 and 515 which in turn enables P-channel MOSFET 512 allowing the application of charge bus current to the battery 102
  • a representative diode which may be used is
  • a Schottky Diode such as a 1OA Dual Low Vf Schottky Barrier Rectifier made by
  • control IC such as International Rectifier's IR5001s used in
  • the microprocessor 495 multiplexes battery
  • the microprocessor 501 indicates a voltage applied by a voltage regulator 497A.
  • MOSFET 531 effectively connecting the battery information bus 495B with a
  • the battery information interface may, for example, be
  • the battery information interface may provide
  • SMBus is the System
  • protocols may require multiple signals (e.g. clock and data signals).
  • one interface signal 531 is depicted in FIG. 5 it is intended that the battery
  • information bus 495B may be multiple signals in width and that additional switches will be included as required to multiplex additional info bus signals when
  • the power supply can note such removals and report same as an alarm or
  • unauthorized or counterfeit packs may similarly be detected and reported.
  • reference numeral 501 is a voltage source from the
  • Diode 505 permits forward current in the direction of the dc battery bus only and
  • a switch 550 is schematically indicated as
  • a Kth battery interface circuit is illustrated as
  • the Kth battery is also interconnected via switch 550A to
  • circuits is programmable with respect to operation of the rack of batteries and also
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic 700 illustrating up to K removable cartridge energy
  • monitor bus 495A A plurality of switches 710 are shown each of which is
  • microprocessor 495 controlled by microprocessor 495.
  • MCU 495 receives inputs as described
  • Fig. 7 also illustrates diodes 711 to inhibit reverse
  • the load buses 706, 707, 708 may be selectively disconnected from the load by the load buses 706, 707, 708
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic 600 for obtaining load and removable cartridge energy
  • pack/battery pack 102, 202 information for use by the microprocessor 495.
  • Battery 102, 202 includes an energy source Vbat 607 and an internal resistance Re
  • Monitor 602 measures the terminal output voltage across the battery 102
  • the battery 102, 202 is selectively interconnected (coupled) by switch 604
  • the battery 102 is selectively connected to and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système et un procédé d'alimentation électrique intelligents et évolutifs capables d'alimenter une charge définie pour une période spécifiée. Plusieurs entrées CC et CA externes alimentent le système si cela est possible et requis. Une entrée CC interne d'une source d'énergie de secours est embarquée. La source d'énergie de secours est évolutive en ajoutant des cartouches d'énergie supplémentaires, comme des batteries dans des racks montés dans des cadres du système. Les entrées CA et CC (comprenant la source CC interne) sont contrôlées, mesurées, captées et converties par le circuit commandé par le micro-processeur en plusieurs sorties CA ou CC. Un micro-processeur gère l'entrée d'alimentation vers et dans la sortie du système. Les performances de batteries ion-lithium utilisées pour alimenter une automobile peuvent être déterminées sur la base de blocs-batteries individuels ou de cellules de batteries individuelles dans les blocs. Ceci permet aux grappes ou groupes de batteries ion-lithium d'être utilisés dans un véhicule, de sorte que ces grappes fonctionnent comme une cuve de 'gaz' et, de manière plus appropriée, comme une cuve 'd'énergie'.
EP07763158.8A 2006-02-09 2007-02-09 Systeme et procede d'alimentation electrique intelligents et evolutifs Withdrawn EP1999806A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77177106P 2006-02-09 2006-02-09
US78195906P 2006-03-12 2006-03-12
US11/672,957 US8860377B2 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-02-08 Scalable intelligent power supply system and method
US11/672,853 US8026698B2 (en) 2006-02-09 2007-02-08 Scalable intelligent power supply system and method
PCT/US2007/061928 WO2007092955A2 (fr) 2006-02-09 2007-02-09 Systeme et procede d'alimentation electrique intelligents et evolutifs

Publications (2)

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EP1999806A2 true EP1999806A2 (fr) 2008-12-10
EP1999806A4 EP1999806A4 (fr) 2015-02-18

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EP (1) EP1999806A4 (fr)
CA (2) CA2642527C (fr)
WO (1) WO2007092955A2 (fr)

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US8860377B2 (en) 2006-02-09 2014-10-14 Karl F. Scheucher Scalable intelligent power supply system and method
US8026698B2 (en) 2006-02-09 2011-09-27 Scheucher Karl F Scalable intelligent power supply system and method
USD632649S1 (en) 2006-09-29 2011-02-15 Karl F. Scheucher Cordless power supply
US8084154B2 (en) 2007-02-08 2011-12-27 Karl Frederick Scheucher Battery pack safety and thermal management apparatus and method
US9711868B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2017-07-18 Karl Frederick Scheucher In-building-communication apparatus and method
US8472881B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2013-06-25 Karl Frederick Scheucher Communication system apparatus and method
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CN104849675B (zh) * 2015-06-17 2018-03-27 哈尔滨工业大学 锂离子电池电化学和热耦合模型的获取方法
CN110312635B (zh) * 2017-02-21 2023-03-24 凯坦·库马尔·迈尼 一种模块化可扩展的电池更换基站
CN114384820B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-12-22 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 基于云台架的自动驾驶算法仿真测试系统及方法
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WO2023110775A1 (fr) 2021-12-13 2023-06-22 Powzl Generateur electrique comportant une pluralite de batteries

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CA2642527A1 (fr) 2007-08-16
CA2771091C (fr) 2016-08-30
WO2007092955A3 (fr) 2008-06-19
CA2771091A1 (fr) 2007-08-16
EP1999806A4 (fr) 2015-02-18
WO2007092955A2 (fr) 2007-08-16
CA2642527C (fr) 2012-05-22

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