EP1996795B1 - Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer - Google Patents

Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer Download PDF

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EP1996795B1
EP1996795B1 EP20070727208 EP07727208A EP1996795B1 EP 1996795 B1 EP1996795 B1 EP 1996795B1 EP 20070727208 EP20070727208 EP 20070727208 EP 07727208 A EP07727208 A EP 07727208A EP 1996795 B1 EP1996795 B1 EP 1996795B1
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Prior art keywords
coating
compound
layer
compounds
pressure turbine
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1996795A2 (en
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Werner Stamm
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C23C28/3215—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer at least one MCrAlX layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0466—Nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/13—Refractory metals, i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
    • F05D2300/132—Chromium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

Compounds of formula: Al wCo xM yare new. M is Ni and/or Cr and at least 30 mass% of the compound has a quasi-crystalline structure. W = 70 - 76 and w + x + y = 100. Independent claims are included for: (A) coatings made form or containing the compounds; (B) coating systems containing a coating made from the compounds; (C) multi-layer coating systems containing two or more of the coating systems; (D) use of the compounds as heat-insulating coatings for components subjected to high temperature, especially turbine steam inlets (333) and blades (357); and (E) use of compounds containing aluminum and manganese, at least 30 mass% of the compound having a quasi-crystalline structure, for the same purpose.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verbindung der nominalen atomaren Zusammensetzung AlwCoxMy, wobei M Cr ist und wenigstens 30 Massenprozent der Verbindung als quasikristalline Struktur oder als Approximat vorliegen, eine Beschichtung die aus der Verbindung besteht oder sie enthält, ein Schichtsystem das die Beschichtung und eine metallische Schicht aufweist und die Verwendung der Verbindung als Wärmedämmschicht für ein Bauteil, das hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt ist.The present invention relates to a compound of the nominal atomic composition Al w Co x M y , wherein M is Cr and at least 30 percent by mass of the compound as quasicrystalline structure or approximate, a coating consisting of the compound or contains, a layer system that the Having coating and a metallic layer and the use of the compound as a thermal barrier coating for a component that is exposed to high temperatures.

Wenn Bauteile bei hohen Temperaturen und unter korrosiven Bedingungen verwendet werden, ist es in vielen Fällen nötig, sie mit Schutzschichten zu versehen. So kann durch den Einsatz von Wärmedämmschichten nicht nur die Lebensdauer der Bauteile erhöht werden, sondern teilweise auch die Betriebstemperatur angehoben werden, was zu einer Effizienzsteuerung führt. Dies trifft besonders auf Bauteile zu, die in Gas- oder Dampfturbinen verwendet werden.When components are used at high temperatures and under corrosive conditions, it is often necessary to provide them with protective coatings. Thus, not only the life of the components can be increased by the use of thermal barrier coatings, but also partially the operating temperature can be raised, which leads to an efficiency control. This is especially true for components used in gas or steam turbines.

Normalerweise werden für derartige Wärmedämmschichten Zirkonoxide verwendet, die beispielsweise durch Yttriumoxide stabilisiert sind. Derartige keramische Wärmedämmschichten können unter Verwendung von Verfahren wie dem Plasmaspritzen auf ein metallisches Substrat aufgebracht werden. Da die keramischen Schichten jedoch nicht ausreichend gut auf dem metallischen Substrat haften, ist es nötig, zuerst einen Haftgrund MCrAlY auf das Bauteil aufzubringen, wobei M wenigstens eines der Elemente aus der Gruppe Eisen, Kobalt, Nickel und Y ein Aktivelement ist und für Yttrium und/oder Silizium und/oder ein Element der Seltenen Erden bzw. Hafnium steht.Normally zirconium oxides are used for such thermal barrier coatings, which are stabilized for example by yttrium oxides. Such ceramic thermal barrier coatings may be applied to a metallic substrate using techniques such as plasma spraying. However, since the ceramic layers do not sufficiently adhere to the metallic substrate, it is necessary to first apply a primer MCrAlY to the device, where M is at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel and Y is an active element and yttrium and or silicon and / or a rare earth element or hafnium.

Es ist aufwendig, zwei Schichten auf das zu schützende Bauteil aufzubringen, und deshalb sind Anstrengungen unternommen worden, alternative Materialien zu den keramischen Verbindungen zu finden. Dabei haben sich quasikristalline Materialien als geeignet erwiesen, da sie eine hohe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber Oxidation und Korrosion, eine geringe thermische Ausdehnung, eine gute Verarbeitbarkeit zu Beschichtungen und vor allem eine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweisen.It is laborious to apply two layers to the component to be protected, and therefore efforts are made to find alternative materials to the ceramic compounds. In this case, quasicrystalline materials have proven to be suitable because they have a high resistance to oxidation and corrosion, low thermal expansion, good processability to coatings and above all a low thermal conductivity.

Quasikristalle im engeren Sinne des Wortes sind Phasen, die eine 5, 10 oder 12-zählige Rotationssymmetrie aufweisen, welche mit der Symmetrie des Translationsgitters von klassischen Kristallphasen nicht vereinbar sind. Als Approximate von Quasikristallen bezeichnet man translationsperiodische intermetallische Verbindungen, welche Difraktionsmuster mit 5, 8, 10 oder 12-facher Absordesymmetrie aufweisen.Quasicrystals in the strict sense of the word are phases which have a 5, 10 or 12-fold rotational symmetry, which are incompatible with the symmetry of the translation lattice of classical crystal phases. As approximations of quasicrystals are termed translational periodic intermetallic compounds having diffraction patterns with 5, 8, 10 or 12-fold Absordesymmetrie.

Quasikristalline Legierungen sind etwa in der US 5,432,011 beschrieben. Die hier genannten Legierungen werden u. a. für Beschichtungen verwendet, wobei diese wiederum als Wärmedämmschichten eingesetzt werden. Allerdings wird in dem Patent eine Vielzahl von möglichen Legierungen offenbart, die verschiedenste Elemente in unterschiedlichsten Zusammensetzungen enthalten können.Quasicrystalline alloys are roughly in the US 5,432,011 described. The alloys mentioned here are used inter alia for coatings, which in turn are used as thermal barrier coatings. However, the patent discloses a variety of possible alloys that can contain a wide variety of elements in a wide variety of compositions.

Auch in der DE 103 58 813 A1 werden quasikristalline Legierungen und deren Verwendung als Beschichtung genannt. Hier ist der Stand der Technik zu quasikristallinen Legierungen umfassend referiert.Also in the DE 103 58 813 A1 are called quasicrystalline alloys and their use as a coating. Here the state of the art to quasicrystalline alloys is comprehensively reviewed.

Die beschriebenen quasikristallinen Legierungen enthalten seltene und vor allem auch teure Metalle wie Ruthenium, Platin oder Palladium. Für die Herstellung der Legierungen ist es weiterhin problematisch, dass teilweise mehr als sechs verschiedene Metalle enthalten sind, was die genaue Einwaage der Komponenten erschwert und insgesamt den Aufwand erhöht. Nicht in allen Fällen liegt außerdem ein ausreichend großer Anteil der Legierung in quasikristalliner Form oder als Approximat vor, und auch die Wärmeleitfähigkeit ist teilweise für eine Verwendung als Wärmedämmschicht noch zu hoch. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Verbindung bereitzustellen, die aus wenigen günstigen metallischen Bestandteilen besteht und zu mindestens 30 Massenprozent als quasikristalline Struktur oder als Approximat vorliegt. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Beschichtung oder ein Schichtsystem unter Verwendung der Verbindung zu entwickeln und die Verbindung als Wärmedämmschicht für ein Bauteil einzusetzen.The quasicrystalline alloys described contain rare and above all expensive metals such as ruthenium, platinum or palladium. For the production of alloys, it is still problematic that in some cases more than six different metals are included, which complicates the exact weighing of the components and overall increases the effort. Not all cases also provide a sufficiently large proportion of the alloy in quasi-crystalline form or as an approximation, and the thermal conductivity is sometimes too high for use as a thermal barrier coating. Object of the present invention is to provide a compound which consists of a few favorable metallic constituents and is present at least 30 percent by mass as a quasi-crystalline structure or as an approximate. Another object of the invention is to develop a coating or a layer system using the compound and to use the compound as a thermal barrier coating for a component.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Bereitstellung einer Verbindung der nominalen atomaren Zusammensetzung AlwCoxMy, bei der 70 ≤ w ≤ 75 und w + x + y = 100 ist und M Cr ist, gelöst.The object is achieved according to the invention by providing a compound of the nominal atomic composition Al w Co x M y in which 70 ≦ w ≦ 75 and w + x + y = 100 and M is Cr.

Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist es also, eine Verbindung bereitzustellen, die aus drei metallischen Elementen besteht, welche alle relativ kostengünstig zu erwerben sind und in der Aluminium als Hauptbestandteil in einem Bereich zwischen 70 und 75 Atomprozent enthalten ist.The basic idea of the invention is therefore to provide a compound consisting of three metallic elements, all of which are relatively inexpensive to acquire and in which aluminum is contained as the main constituent in a range between 70 and 75 atomic percent.

Drei metallische ElementeThree metallic elements

Versuche haben außerdem gezeigt, dass eine Verbindung mit besonders niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit erhalten wird, wenn M = Cr und 70 ≤ w ≤ 75, 10 ≤ x ≤ 15 und 10 ≤ y ≤ 20 ist.Experiments have also shown that a compound with particularly low thermal conductivity is obtained when M = Cr and 70 ≦ w ≦ 75, 10 ≦ x ≦ 15 and 10 ≦ y ≦ 20.

Beschichtung und SchichtsystemeCoating and coating systems

Die Verbindung kann als Beschichtung auf ein Substrat aufgetragen werden. Sie kann auch als einer von mehreren Bestandteilen in einer Beschichtung enthalten sein.The compound can be applied as a coating to a substrate. It may also be included as one of several components in a coating.

Außerdem ist es möglich, mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung ein Schichtsystem auszubilden. Vorzugsweise ist unter der Beschichtung aus der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindung eine metallische Schicht angeordnet.In addition, it is possible to form a layer system with the aid of the coating according to the invention. Preferably, a metallic layer is arranged under the coating of the compound according to the invention.

Hier hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die metallische Schicht Nickel und Aluminium enthält und dies bevorzugt in einem atomaren Verhältnis von 95 : 5.Here it has proved to be advantageous if the metallic layer contains nickel and aluminum, and this preferably in an atomic ratio of 95: 5.

Die metallische Schicht kann auch als dünne Anbindungsschicht ausgebildet sein, was die Haftung der Beschichtung verbessert.The metallic layer may also be formed as a thin bonding layer, which improves the adhesion of the coating.

Wenn das Schichtsystem aus Beschichtung und metallischer Schicht mehrmals übereinander angebracht wird, erhält man ein Vielfachschichtsystem, das besonders gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit und geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist.If the layer system of coating and metallic layer is applied several times over one another, one obtains a multilayer system which has particularly good corrosion resistance and low thermal conductivity.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verbindung kann auch als Wärmedämmschicht für ein Bauteil 333, 357 (Fig. 1), das hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt ist, verwendet werden.The compound of the invention may also be used as a thermal barrier coating for a component 333, 357 (Figure 1) exposed to high temperatures.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung eignet sich insbesondere für Teile von Turbinen, insbesondere einer Dampfturbine 300 ,303 wie Turbinenschaufeln 357 (Fig. 1).The use according to the invention is particularly suitable for parts of turbines, in particular a steam turbine 300, 303, such as turbine blades 357 (FIG. 1).

In Figur 1 ist eine Dampfturbine 300, 303 mit einer sich entlang einer Rotationsachse 306 erstreckenden Turbinenwelle 309 dargestellt.FIG. 1 shows a steam turbine 300, 303 with a turbine shaft 309 extending along a rotation axis 306.

Die Dampfturbine weist eine Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 und eine Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 mit jeweils einem Innengehäuse 312 und einem dieses umschließende Außengehäuse 315 auf. Die Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 ist beispielsweise in Topfbauart ausgeführt. Die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 ist beispielsweise zweiflutig ausgeführt. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, dass die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 einflutig ausgeführt ist.The steam turbine has a high-pressure turbine section 300 and a medium-pressure turbine section 303, each having an inner housing 312 and an outer housing 315 enclosing this. The high-pressure turbine part 300 is designed, for example, in Topfbauart. The medium-pressure turbine part 303 is designed, for example, double-flow. It is also possible for the medium-pressure turbine section 303 to be single-flow.

Entlang der Rotationsachse 306 ist zwischen der Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 und der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 ein Lager 318 angeordnet, wobei die Turbinenwelle 309 in dem Lager 318 einen Lagerbereich 321 aufweist. Die Turbinenwelle 309 ist auf einem weiteren Lager 324 neben der Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 aufgelagert. Im Bereich dieses Lagers 324 weist die Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 eine Wellendichtung 345 auf. Die Turbinenwelle 309 ist gegenüber dem Außengehäuse 315 der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 durch zwei weitere Wellendichtungen 345 abgedichtet. Zwischen einem Hochdruck-Dampfeinströmbereich 348 und einem Dampfaustrittsbereich 351 weist die Turbinenwelle 309 in der Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 die Hochdruck-Laufbeschaufelung 357 auf, die vorzugsweise die erfindungsgemäße Verbindung als Beschichtung aufweist. Diese Hochdruck-Laufbeschaufelung 357 stellt mit den zugehörigen, nicht näher dargestellten Laufschaufeln einen ersten Beschaufelungsbereich 360 dar.Along the axis of rotation 306, a bearing 318 is arranged between the high-pressure turbine section 300 and the medium-pressure turbine section 303, the turbine shaft 309 having a bearing region 321 in the bearing 318. The turbine shaft 309 is supported on another bearing 324 adjacent to the high pressure turbine sub 300. In the area of this bearing 324, the high-pressure turbine section 300 has a shaft seal 345. The turbine shaft 309 is sealed from the outer housing 315 of the medium-pressure turbine section 303 by two further shaft seals 345. Between a high-pressure steam inflow region 348 and a steam outlet region 351, the turbine shaft 309 in the high-pressure turbine section 300 has the high-pressure impeller blade 357, which preferably has the compound according to the invention as a coating. This high-pressure blading 357, together with the associated blades, not shown, represents a first blading region 360.

Die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 weist einen zentralen Dampfeinströmbereich 333 auf, der vorzugsweise eine erfindungsgemäße Verbindung als Beschichtung aufweist. Dem Dampfeinströmbereich 333 zugeordnet weist die Turbinenwelle 309 eine radialsymmetrische Wellenabschirmung 363, eine Abdeckplatte, einerseits zur Teilung des Dampfstromes in die beiden Fluten der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 sowie zur Verhinderung eines direkten Kontaktes des heißen Dampfes mit der Turbinenwelle 309 auf. Die Turbinenwelle 309 weist in der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 einen zweiten Beschaufelungsbereich 366 mit den Mitteldruck-Laufschaufeln 354 auf. Der durch den zweiten Beschaufelungsbereich 366 strömende heiße Dampf strömt aus der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 aus einem Abströmstutzen 369 zu einer strömungstechnisch nachgeschalteten, nicht dargestellten Niederdruck-Teilturbine.The medium-pressure turbine part 303 has a central steam inflow region 333, which preferably has a compound according to the invention as a coating. Associated with the steam inflow region 333, the turbine shaft 309 has a radially symmetrical shaft shield 363, a cover plate, on the one hand for dividing the steam flow into the two flows of the medium-pressure turbine section 303 and for preventing one direct contact of the hot steam with the turbine shaft 309 on. The turbine shaft 309 has a second blading area 366 with the medium-pressure rotor blades 354 in the medium-pressure turbine section 303. The hot steam flowing through the second blading area 366 flows out of the medium-pressure turbine section 303 from a discharge connection 369 to a downstream low-pressure turbine, not shown.

Die Turbinenwelle 309 ist beispielsweise aus zwei Teilturbinenwellen 309a und 309b zusammengesetzt, die im Bereich des Lagers 318 fest miteinander verbunden sind. Jede Teilturbinenwelle 309a, 309b weist eine als zentrale Bohrung 372a entlang der Rotationsachse 306 ausgebildete Kühlleitung 372 auf. Die Kühlleitung 372 ist mit dem Dampfaustrittsbereich 351 über eine eine radiale Bohrung 375a aufweisende Zuströmleitung 375 verbunden. In der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 ist die Kühlmittelleitung 372 mit einem nicht näher dargestellten Hohlraum unterhalb der Wellenabschirmung verbunden. Die Zustromleitungen 375 sind als radiale Bohrung 375a ausgeführt, wodurch "kalter" Dampf aus der Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 in die zentrale Bohrung 372a einströmen kann. Über die insbesondere auch als radial gerichtete Bohrung 375a ausgebildete Abströmleitung 372 gelangt der Dampf durch den Lagerbereich 321 hindurch in die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 und dort an die Manteloberfläche 330 der Turbinenwelle 309 im Dampfeinströmbereich 333. Der durch die Kühlleitung strömende Dampf hat eine deutlich niedrigere Temperatur als der in den Dampfeinströmbereich 333 einströmende zwischenüberhitzte Dampf, so dass eine wirksame Kühlung der ersten Laufschaufelreihen 342 der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 sowie der Manteloberfläche 330 im Bereich dieser Laufschaufelreihen 342 gewährleistet ist.The turbine shaft 309 is composed for example of two partial turbine shafts 309a and 309b, which are fixedly connected to one another in the region of the bearing 318. Each turbine shaft 309a, 309b has a cooling line 372 formed as a central bore 372a along the axis of rotation 306. The cooling line 372 is connected to the steam outlet region 351 via an inflow line 375 having a radial bore 375a. In the medium-pressure turbine part 303, the coolant line 372 is connected to a cavity not shown below the shaft shield. The feed lines 375 are configured as a radial bore 375a, allowing "cold" steam from the high pressure turbine section 300 to flow into the central bore 372a. Via the discharge line 372, which is also designed in particular as a radially directed bore 375a, the vapor passes through the storage area 321 into the medium-pressure turbine section 303 and there to the mantle surface 330 of the turbine shaft 309 in the steam inflow area 333. The steam flowing through the cooling line has a significantly lower temperature as the reheated steam flowing into the Dampfeinströmbereich 333, so that an effective cooling of the first blade rows 342 of the medium-pressure turbine section 303 and the mantle surface 330 is ensured in the region of these blade rows 342.

Claims (11)

  1. Compound of the nominal atomic composition:

            AlwCOxMy

    where M is Cr and at least 30 percent by mass of the compound is in the form of a quasi-crystalline structure or as an approximant phase,
    wherein w + x + y = 100 and 70 ≤ w ≤ 75, 10 ≤ x ≤ 15 and 10 ≤ y ≤ 20, in particular 71 ≤ w 74, 11 ≤ x ≤ 14 and 12 ≤ y ≤ 18.
  2. Coating, which consists of or contains a compound according to Claim 1.
  3. Layer system
    comprising a coating according to Claim 2.
  4. Layer system according to Claim 3,
    comprising a further metallic layer.
  5. Coating system according to Claim 4,
    in which the metallic layer is arranged beneath the coating according to Claim 3.
  6. Layer system according to Claim 4,
    in which the metallic layer is arranged above the coating according to Claim 3.
  7. Layer system according to Claim 4, 5 or 6,
    in which the metallic layer contains Ni and Al,
    preferably in an atomic ratio of Ni = 95 and Al = 5.
  8. Layer system according to Claim 4, 5 or 7,
    in which the metallic layer is formed as a thin bonding layer.
  9. Multiple layer system,
    which comprises two or more layer systems according to one of Claims 3 to 8 arranged on top of one another.
  10. Use of a compound according to Claim 1
    as a thermal barrier coating for a component (333, 357),
    which is exposed to high temperatures.
  11. Use according to Claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the component is a turbine blade or vane (357) in particular of a steam turbine (300, 303).
EP20070727208 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer Not-in-force EP1996795B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07727208T PL1996795T3 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer
EP20070727208 EP1996795B1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20060006053 EP1837484A3 (en) 2006-03-23 2006-03-23 Quasicrystalline bond coating and its use as a thermal barrier coating
PCT/EP2007/052732 WO2007107602A2 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer
EP20070727208 EP1996795B1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1996795A2 EP1996795A2 (en) 2008-12-03
EP1996795B1 true EP1996795B1 (en) 2011-06-29

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EP20070727208 Not-in-force EP1996795B1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer

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US (1) US20100227194A1 (en)
EP (2) EP1837484A3 (en)
JP (1) JP2009530498A (en)
CN (1) CN101405477B (en)
AT (1) ATE514838T1 (en)
PL (1) PL1996795T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2007107602A2 (en)

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DE102012219856A1 (en) * 2012-10-30 2014-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine blade and method for producing a turbine blade with high surface hardness

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US9765917B2 (en) 2014-12-26 2017-09-19 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Vacuum insulation material

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JP3142659B2 (en) * 1992-09-11 2001-03-07 ワイケイケイ株式会社 High strength, heat resistant aluminum base alloy
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JPH07126702A (en) * 1993-09-29 1995-05-16 Takeshi Masumoto Production of quasi-crystalline al alloy hyperfine grain and aggregate therefrom
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1837484A2 (en) 2007-09-26
JP2009530498A (en) 2009-08-27
US20100227194A1 (en) 2010-09-09
EP1837484A3 (en) 2007-11-28
WO2007107602A3 (en) 2008-01-17
CN101405477A (en) 2009-04-08
WO2007107602A2 (en) 2007-09-27
EP1996795A2 (en) 2008-12-03
PL1996795T3 (en) 2011-11-30
CN101405477B (en) 2012-06-27
ATE514838T1 (en) 2011-07-15

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