EP1996795A2 - Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer - Google Patents

Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer

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Publication number
EP1996795A2
EP1996795A2 EP07727208A EP07727208A EP1996795A2 EP 1996795 A2 EP1996795 A2 EP 1996795A2 EP 07727208 A EP07727208 A EP 07727208A EP 07727208 A EP07727208 A EP 07727208A EP 1996795 A2 EP1996795 A2 EP 1996795A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compound
layer
coating
layer system
metallic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07727208A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1996795B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Stamm
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to PL07727208T priority Critical patent/PL1996795T3/en
Priority to EP20070727208 priority patent/EP1996795B1/en
Publication of EP1996795A2 publication Critical patent/EP1996795A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1996795B1 publication Critical patent/EP1996795B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C23C28/3215—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer at least one MCrAlX layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0466—Nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/13—Refractory metals, i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
    • F05D2300/132—Chromium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound with the nominal chemical composition AlwCoxMy wherein M represents at least one of the elements selected from the group Ni, Cr, and at least 30 mass percent of the compound is a quasicrystalline structure or similar. The invention is characterised in that 70 ≤ w ≤ 76 and w + x + y = 100.

Description

Quasikristalline Verbindung und deren Verwendung als Quasicrystalline compound and its use as
Wärmedämmschichtthermal barrier
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verbindung der nomi¬ nalen atomaren Zusammensetzung AlwCoxMy, wobei M wenigstens eines der Elemente ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Ni, Cr ist und wenigstens 30 Massenprozent der Verbindung als quasikristal¬ line Struktur oder als Approximat vorliegen, eine Beschich- tung die aus der Verbindung besteht oder sie enthält, ein Schichtsystem das die Beschichtung und eine metallische Schicht aufweist und die Verwendung der Verbindung als Wärme¬ dämmschicht für ein Bauteil, das hohen Temperaturen ausge¬ setzt ist.The present invention relates to a compound of nomi ¬ dimensional atomic composition Al w Co x M y, wherein M is at least one element selected from the group Ni, Cr, and are present at least 30 percent by mass of the compound as quasikristal ¬ line structure or as Approximat, a coating consisting of the compound or it contains a layer system having the coating, and a metallic layer, and the use of the compound as a heat insulating layer for ¬ a component that high temperatures be ¬ is set.
Wenn Bauteile bei hohen Temperaturen und unter korrosiven Bedingungen verwendet werden, ist es in vielen Fällen nötig, sie mit Schutzschichten zu versehen. So kann durch den Einsatz von Wärmedämmschichten nicht nur die Lebensdauer der Bauteile erhöht werden, sondern teilweise auch die Betriebs¬ temperatur angehoben werden, was zu einer Effizienzsteuerung führt. Dies trifft besonders auf Bauteile zu, die in Gas¬ oder Dampfturbinen verwendet werden.When components are used at high temperatures and under corrosive conditions, it is often necessary to provide them with protective coatings. Thus, not only the life of the components can be increased by the use of thermal barrier coatings, but sometimes the operating ¬ temperature are raised, resulting in an efficiency control. This is especially true for components that are used in gas or steam turbines ¬.
Normalerweise werden für derartige Wärmedämmschichten Zirkon- oxide verwendet, die beispielsweise durch Yttriumoxide stabi¬ lisiert sind. Derartige keramische Wärmedämmschichten können unter Verwendung von Verfahren wie dem Plasmaspritzen auf ein metallisches Substrat aufgebracht werden. Da die keramischen Schichten jedoch nicht ausreichend gut auf dem metallischen Substrat haften, ist es nötig, zuerst einen Haftgrund MCrAlY auf das Bauteil aufzubringen, wobei M wenigstens eines der Elemente aus der Gruppe Eisen, Kobalt, Nickel und Y ein Aktivelement ist und für Yttrium und/oder Silizium und/oder ein Element der Seltenen Erden bzw. Hafnium steht.Normally, zirconium oxide are used for such thermal barrier coatings that are lisiert example, yttrium stabilized ¬. Such ceramic thermal barrier coatings may be applied to a metallic substrate using techniques such as plasma spraying. However, since the ceramic layers do not sufficiently adhere to the metallic substrate, it is necessary to first apply a primer MCrAlY to the device, where M is at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel and Y is an active element and yttrium and or silicon and / or a rare earth element or hafnium.
Es ist aufwendig, zwei Schichten auf das zu schützende Bau¬ teil aufzubringen, und deshalb sind Anstrengungen unternommen worden, alternative Materialien zu den keramischen Verbindungen zu finden. Dabei haben sich quasikristalline Materialien als geeignet erwiesen, da sie eine hohe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber Oxidation und Korrosion, eine geringe thermische Ausdehnung, eine gute Verarbeitbarkeit zu Beschichtungen und vor allem eine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweisen.It is complicated to apply two layers to the protected ¬ part to ¬ part, and therefore efforts are made to find alternative materials to the ceramic compounds. In this case, quasicrystalline materials have proven to be suitable because they have a high resistance to oxidation and corrosion, low thermal expansion, good processability to coatings and above all a low thermal conductivity.
Quasikristalle im engeren Sinne des Wortes sind Phasen, die eine 5, 10 oder 12-zählige Rotationssymmetrie aufweisen, wel- che mit der Symmetrie des Translationsgitters von klassischen Kristallphasen nicht vereinbar sind. Als Approximate von Qua¬ sikristallen bezeichnet man translationsperiodische interme¬ tallische Verbindungen, welche Difraktionsmuster mit 5, 8, 10 oder 12-facher Absordesymmetrie aufweisen.Quasicrystals in the strict sense of the word are phases that exhibit a 5, 10 or 12-fold rotational symmetry, which are incompatible with the symmetry of the translation lattice of classical crystal phases. As approximations of quasi ¬ sikristallen one designates translational periodic interme ¬ metallic compounds which have diffraction patterns with 5, 8, 10 or 12-fold Absordesymmetrie.
Quasikristalline Legierungen sind etwa in der US 5,432,011 beschrieben. Die hier genannten Legierungen werden u. a. für Beschichtungen verwendet, wobei diese wiederum als Wärmedämmschichten eingesetzt werden. Allerdings wird in dem Patent eine Vielzahl von möglichen Legierungen offenbart, die verschiedenste Elemente in unterschiedlichsten Zusammensetzungen enthalten können.Quasicrystalline alloys are described for example in US Pat. No. 5,432,011. The alloys mentioned here are u. a. used for coatings, which in turn are used as thermal barrier coatings. However, the patent discloses a variety of possible alloys that can contain a wide variety of elements in a wide variety of compositions.
Auch in der DE 103 58 813 Al werden quasikristalline Legie- rungen und deren Verwendung als Beschichtung genannt. Hier ist der Stand der Technik zu quasikristallinen Legierungen umfassend referiert.DE 103 58 813 A1 also mentions quasicrystalline alloys and their use as coatings. Here the state of the art to quasicrystalline alloys is comprehensively reviewed.
Die beschriebenen quasikristallinen Legierungen enthalten seltene und vor allem auch teure Metalle wie Ruthenium,The quasicrystalline alloys described contain rare metals and, above all, also expensive metals such as ruthenium,
Platin oder Palladium. Für die Herstellung der Legierungen ist es weiterhin problematisch, dass teilweise mehr als sechs verschiedene Metalle enthalten sind, was die genaue Einwaage der Komponenten erschwert und insgesamt den Aufwand erhöht. Nicht in allen Fällen liegt außerdem ein ausreichend großer Anteil der Legierung in quasikristalliner Form oder als Approximat vor, und auch die Wärmeleitfähigkeit ist teilweise für eine Verwendung als Wärmedämmschicht noch zu hoch. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Verbindung bereitzustellen, die aus wenigen günstigen metallischen Bestandteilen besteht und zu mindestens 30 Massenprozent als quasikristalline Struktur oder als Approximat vorliegt. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Beschichtung oder ein Schichtsystem unter Verwendung der Verbindung zu entwickeln und die Verbindung als Wärmedämmschicht für ein Bauteil einzusetzen .Platinum or palladium. For the production of alloys, it is still problematic that in some cases more than six different metals are included, which complicates the exact weighing of the components and overall increases the effort. Not all cases also provide a sufficiently large proportion of the alloy in quasi-crystalline form or as an approximation, and the thermal conductivity is sometimes too high for use as a thermal barrier coating. Object of the present invention is to provide a compound which consists of a few favorable metallic constituents and is present at least 30 percent by mass as a quasi-crystalline structure or as an approximate. Another object of the invention is to develop a coating or a layer system using the compound and to use the compound as a thermal barrier coating for a component.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Bereitstellung einer Verbindung der nominalen atomaren Zusammensetzung AlwCoxMy, bei der 70 ≤ w ≤ 76 und w + x + y = 100 ist und M ein oder zwei Metalle darstellt, gelöst.The object is achieved according to the invention by providing a compound of the nominal atomic composition Al w Co x M y in which 70 ≦ w ≦ 76 and w + x + y = 100 and M represents one or two metals.
Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist es also, eine Verbindung be¬ reitzustellen, die maximal aus drei oder vier metallischen Elementen besteht, welche alle relativ kostengünstig zu erwerben sind und in der Aluminium als Hauptbestandteil in einem Bereich zwischen 70 und 76 Atomprozent enthalten ist.The basic idea of the invention is therefore, riding determine a connection be ¬, the maximum metal of three or four elements, all of which are relatively inexpensive to acquire and is contained in the aluminum as a main component in a range of 70-76 atomic percent.
Drei metallische ElementeThree metallic elements
In einer Ausbildung der Erfindung ist M = Ni, 10 < x ≤ 15 und 10 < y ≤ 20. Diese Verbindung besteht nur aus drei Elementen und weist zusätzlich eine sehr gute Wärmebeständigkeit auf.In one embodiment of the invention, M = Ni, 10 <x ≦ 15 and 10 <y ≦ 20. This compound consists of only three elements and, in addition, has very good heat resistance.
Versuche haben außerdem gezeigt, dass eine Verbindung mit be¬ sonders niedriger Wärmeleitfähigkeit erhalten wird, wenn M = Cr und 70 ≤ w ≤ 75, 10 ≤ x ≤ 15 und 10 ≤ y ≤ 20 ist.Experiments have also shown that a connection to be ¬ Sonders low thermal conductivity is obtained when M = Cr and 70 ≤ w ≤ 75, 10 ≤ x ≤ 15 and 10 ≤ y ≤ 20th
Vier metallische ElementeFour metallic elements
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht eine Verbindung neben Aluminium und Kobalt noch sowohl aus Chrom als auch aus Nickel (M = Ni, Cr), wobei 70 ≤ w < 75 ist. Beschichtung und SchichtsystemeIn another embodiment of the invention, in addition to aluminum and cobalt, a compound is composed of both chromium and nickel (M = Ni, Cr), where 70 ≦ w <75. Coating and coating systems
Die Verbindung kann als Beschichtung auf ein Substrat aufgetragen werden. Sie kann auch als einer von mehreren Bestand- teilen in einer Beschichtung enthalten sein.The compound can be applied as a coating to a substrate. It can also be included as one of several constituents in a coating.
Außerdem ist es möglich, mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtung ein Schichtsystem auszubilden. Vorzugsweise ist unter der Beschichtung aus der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindung eine metallische Schicht angeordnet.In addition, it is possible to form a layer system with the aid of the coating according to the invention. Preferably, a metallic layer is arranged under the coating of the compound according to the invention.
Hier hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die metalli¬ sche Schicht Nickel und Aluminium enthält und dies bevorzugt in einem atomaren Verhältnis von 95 : 5.Here, it has proved to be advantageous if the metallic layer ¬ contains nickel and aluminum, and this preferably in an atomic ratio of 95: 5.
Die metallische Schicht kann auch als dünne Anbindungsschicht ausgebildet sein, was die Haftung der Beschichtung verbessert .The metallic layer may also be formed as a thin bonding layer, which improves the adhesion of the coating.
Wenn das Schichtsystem aus Beschichtung und metallischer Schicht mehrmals übereinander angebracht wird, erhält man ein Vielfachschichtsystem, das besonders gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit und geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist.If the layer system consisting of coating and metallic layer is applied several times one above the other, a multilayer system is obtained which has particularly good corrosion resistance and low thermal conductivity.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbindung kann auch als Wärmedämm- schicht für ein Bauteil 333, 357 (Fig. 1), das hohen Tempera¬ turen ausgesetzt ist, verwendet werden.Be exposed to the compound of the invention can also serve as thermal insulation layer for a component 333, 357 (Fig. 1), the high tempera tures ¬ used.
In gleicher Weise kann auch eine Verbindung eingesetzt wer- den, die Aluminium und Mangan enthält, und die zu wenigstensIn the same way, it is also possible to use a compound containing aluminum and manganese, and at least one of them
30 Massenprozent als quasikristalline Struktur oder als30 percent by mass as a quasicrystalline structure or as
Approximat vorliegt.Approximate exists.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung eignet sich insbesondere fürThe use according to the invention is particularly suitable for
Teile von Turbinen, insbesondere einer Dampfturbine 300 ,303 wie Turbinenschaufeln 357 (Fig. 1). In Figur 1 ist eine Dampfturbine 300, 303 mit einer sich ent¬ lang einer Rotationsachse 306 erstreckenden Turbinenwelle 309 dargestellt .Parts of turbines, in particular a steam turbine 300, 303 like turbine blades 357 (FIG. 1). In Figure 1, a steam turbine 300, ent an axis of rotation 306 extending turbine shaft 309 shown 303 with a ¬ is long.
Die Dampfturbine weist eine Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 und eine Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 mit jeweils einem Innenge¬ häuse 312 und einem dieses umschließende Außengehäuse 315 auf. Die Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 ist beispielsweise in Topfbauart ausgeführt. Die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 ist beispielsweise zweiflutig ausgeführt. Es ist ebenfalls mög¬ lich, dass die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 einflutig ausge¬ führt ist.The steam turbine has a high-pressure turbine 300 and an intermediate pressure turbine 303, each with a Innenge ¬ housing 312 and an outer casing 315 enclosing. The high-pressure turbine part 300 is designed, for example, in Topfbauart. The medium-pressure turbine part 303 is designed, for example, double-flow. It is also mög ¬ Lich that the medium-pressure turbine 303 performs single flow out ¬ is.
Entlang der Rotationsachse 306 ist zwischen der Hochdruck- Teilturbine 300 und der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 ein Lager 318 angeordnet, wobei die Turbinenwelle 309 in dem Lager 318 einen Lagerbereich 321 aufweist. Die Turbinenwelle 309 ist auf einem weiteren Lager 324 neben der Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 aufgelagert. Im Bereich dieses Lagers 324 weist die Hoch- druck-Teilturbine 300 eine Wellendichtung 345 auf. Die Turbi¬ nenwelle 309 ist gegenüber dem Außengehäuse 315 der Mittel¬ druck-Teilturbine 303 durch zwei weitere Wellendichtungen 345 abgedichtet. Zwischen einem Hochdruck-Dampfeinströmbereich 348 und einem Dampfaustrittsbereich 351 weist die Turbinen- welle 309 in der Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 die Hochdruck- Laufbeschaufelung 357 auf, die vorzugsweise die erfindungs¬ gemäße Verbindung als Beschichtung aufweist. Diese Hochdruck- Laufbeschaufelung 357 stellt mit den zugehörigen, nicht näher dargestellten Laufschaufeln einen ersten Beschaufelungsbe- reich 360 dar.Along the axis of rotation 306, a bearing 318 is arranged between the high-pressure turbine section 300 and the medium-pressure turbine section 303, the turbine shaft 309 having a bearing region 321 in the bearing 318. The turbine shaft 309 is supported on another bearing 324 adjacent to the high pressure turbine sub 300. In the region of this bearing 324, the high-pressure turbine part 300 has a shaft seal 345. The Turbi ¬ nenwelle 309 is sealed relative to the outer housing 315 of the central ¬ pressure turbine section 303 by two further shaft seals 345. Between a high-pressure steam 348 and a steam outlet region 351, the turbine shaft 309 in the high pressure turbine section 300, the high-pressure rotor blading 357, which preferably Inventive ¬ proper connection as a coating. This high-pressure bladed runner 357, together with the associated blades, not shown, represents a first blading region 360.
Die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 weist einen zentralen Dampf¬ einströmbereich 333 auf, der vorzugsweise eine erfindungs¬ gemäße Verbindung als Beschichtung aufweist. Dem Dampfein- Strömbereich 333 zugeordnet weist die Turbinenwelle 309 eine radialsymmetrische Wellenabschirmung 363, eine Abdeckplatte, einerseits zur Teilung des Dampfstromes in die beiden Fluten der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 sowie zur Verhinderung eines direkten Kontaktes des heißen Dampfes mit der Turbinenwelle 309 auf. Die Turbinenwelle 309 weist in der Mitteldruck-Teil¬ turbine 303 einen zweiten Beschaufelungsbereich 366 mit den Mitteldruck-Laufschaufeln 354 auf. Der durch den zweiten Be- schaufelungsbereich 366 strömende heiße Dampf strömt aus der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 aus einem Abströmstutzen 369 zu einer strömungstechnisch nachgeschalteten, nicht dargestellten Niederdruck-Teilturbine.The intermediate-pressure turbine 303 has a central steam ¬ inflow region 333 which preferably has a fiction, modern ¬ compound as a coating. Assigned to the steam inlet flow region 333, the turbine shaft 309 has a radially symmetrical shaft shield 363, a cover plate, on the one hand for dividing the steam flow into the two flows of the medium-pressure turbine section 303 and for preventing a direct contact of the hot steam with the turbine shaft 309 on. The turbine shaft 309 has in the medium-pressure part ¬ turbine 303 a second blading region 366 with the medium-pressure blades 354 on. The hot steam flowing through the second blading region 366 flows from the medium-pressure turbine section 303 out of a bleed pipe 369 to a low-pressure turbine part, not shown, downstream of the fluid.
Die Turbinenwelle 309 ist beispielsweise aus zwei Teilturbi¬ nenwellen 309a und 309b zusammengesetzt, die im Bereich des Lagers 318 fest miteinander verbunden sind. Jede Teilturbi¬ nenwelle 309a, 309b weist eine als zentrale Bohrung 372a ent¬ lang der Rotationsachse 306 ausgebildete Kühlleitung 372 auf. Die Kühlleitung 372 ist mit dem Dampfaustrittsbereich 351 über eine eine radiale Bohrung 375a aufweisende Zuströmlei¬ tung 375 verbunden. In der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 ist die Kühlmittelleitung 372 mit einem nicht näher dargestellten Hohlraum unterhalb der Wellenabschirmung verbunden. Die Zu- Stromleitungen 375 sind als radiale Bohrung 375a ausgeführt, wodurch „kalter" Dampf aus der Hochdruck-Teilturbine 300 in die zentrale Bohrung 372a einströmen kann. Über die insbesondere auch als radial gerichtete Bohrung 375a ausgebildete Ab¬ strömleitung 372 gelangt der Dampf durch den Lagerbereich 321 hindurch in die Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 und dort an die Manteloberfläche 330 der Turbinenwelle 309 im Dampfeinström- bereich 333. Der durch die Kühlleitung strömende Dampf hat eine deutlich niedrigere Temperatur als der in den Dampfeinströmbereich 333 einströmende zwischenüberhitzte Dampf, so dass eine wirksame Kühlung der ersten Laufschaufelreihen 342 der Mitteldruck-Teilturbine 303 sowie der Manteloberfläche 330 im Bereich dieser Laufschaufelreihen 342 gewährleistet ist . The turbine shaft 309 is, for example, of two Teilturbi ¬ nenwellen 309a and 309b assembled, which are fixedly connected together in the region of the bearing 318th Each Teilturbi ¬ nenwelle 309a, 309b has a central bore 372 as long ¬ ent of the rotation axis 306 formed cooling pipe 372nd The cooling line 372 is connected to the steam outlet region 351 through a radial bore having Zuströmlei 375a ¬ tung 375 connected. In the medium-pressure turbine part 303, the coolant line 372 is connected to a cavity not shown below the shaft shield. About can supply power lines 375 are constructed as a radial bore 375, thus "cold" steam from the high pressure turbine section 300 into the central bore 372a flow in. Particular as a radially directed bore 375 formed from ¬ strömleitung 372, the steam passes through the Storage area 321 into the medium-pressure turbine section 303 and there to the mantle surface 330 of the turbine shaft 309 in Dampfeinström- area 333. The flowing through the cooling line steam has a much lower temperature than the steam flowing into the Dampfeinströmbereich 333 inter-superheated steam, so that an effective cooling the first blade rows 342 of the medium-pressure turbine section 303 and the mantle surface 330 in the region of these blade rows 342 is ensured.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verbindung der nominalen atomaren Zusammensetzung:1. Connection of the nominal atomic composition:
AlwCoxMy Al w Co x M y
wobei M wenigstens eines der Elemente ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Ni, Cr ist und wenigstens 30 Massenprozent der Ver- bindung als quasikristalline Struktur oder als Approximat vorliegen,where M is at least one of the elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr and at least 30 percent by mass of the compound is present as a quasicrystalline structure or as an approximation,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
70 ≤ w ≤ 76 und w + x + y = 100 ist.70 ≤ w ≤ 76 and w + x + y = 100.
2. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass2. A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that
M = Ni und 10 < x ≤ 15 und 10 < y ≤ 20 ist, insbesondere 11 ≤ x ≤ 14 und 12 ≤ y≤ 18.M = Ni and 10 <x ≦ 15 and 10 <y ≦ 20, in particular 11 ≦ x ≦ 14 and 12 ≦ y ≦ 18.
3. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass3. A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that
M = Cr und 70 ≤ w ≤ 75, 10 ≤ x ≤ 15 und 10 ≤ y ≤ 20 ist, insbesondere 71 ≤ w 74, 11 ≤ x ≤ 14 und 12 ≤ y ≤ 18.M = Cr and 70 ≦ w ≦ 75, 10 ≦ x ≦ 15 and 10 ≦ y ≦ 20, in particular 71 ≦ w 74, 11 ≦ x ≦ 14 and 12 ≦ y ≦ 18.
4. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass4. A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that
M = Cr und Ni und 70 ≤ w < 75 ist, insbesondere 71 ≤ w ≤ 74. M = Cr and Ni and 70 ≦ w <75, in particular 71 ≦ w ≦ 74.
5. Beschichtung, die aus einer Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 besteht oder sie enthält.A coating consisting of or containing a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. Schichtsystem mit einer Beschichtung nach Anspruch 5.6. Layer system with a coating according to claim 5.
7. Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 6, mit einer weiteren metallischen Schicht.7. Layer system according to claim 6, with a further metallic layer.
8. Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 7, bei dem die metallische Schicht unter der Beschichtung nach Anspruch 5 angeordnet ist.8. Layer system according to claim 7, wherein the metallic layer is arranged under the coating according to claim 5.
9. Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 7, bei der die metallische Schicht über der Beschichtung nach Anspruch 5 angeordnet ist.9. A layer system according to claim 7, wherein the metallic layer is disposed over the coating according to claim 5.
10. Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 7, 8 oder 9, bei dem die metallische Schicht Ni und Al enthält, bevorzugt in einem atomaren Verhältnis von Ni = 95 und Al 5.10. Layer system according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the metallic layer contains Ni and Al, preferably in an atomic ratio of Ni = 95 and Al 5.
11. Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 7, 8 oder 9, bei dem die metallische Schicht als dünne Anbindungsschicht ausgebildet ist.11. Layer system according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the metallic layer is formed as a thin bonding layer.
12. Vielfachschichtsystem, das aus zwei oder mehr aufeinander angebrachten Schichtsystemen nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11 besteht. 12. Multi-layer system consisting of two or more successive layer systems according to one of claims 6 to 11.
13. Verwendung einer Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 als Wärmedämmschicht für ein Bauteil (333, 357), das hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt ist.13. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as a thermal barrier coating for a component (333, 357), which is exposed to high temperatures.
14. Verwendung einer Verbindung, die Al und Mn enthält und von der wenigstens 30 Massen¬ prozent als quasikristalline Struktur oder als Approximat vorliegen als Wärmedämmschicht für ein Bauteil (333, 357), das hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt ist.14. Use of a compound which contains Al and Mn, and at least 30 mass percent ¬ as quasi-crystalline structure or as Approximat present as a thermal barrier coating for a component (333, 357) which is exposed to high temperatures.
15. Verwendung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass15. Use according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that
das Bauteil eine Turbinenschaufel (357) insbesondere einer Dampfturbine (300 ,303) ist. the component is a turbine blade (357), in particular a steam turbine (300, 303).
EP20070727208 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer Not-in-force EP1996795B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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PL07727208T PL1996795T3 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer
EP20070727208 EP1996795B1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20060006053 EP1837484A3 (en) 2006-03-23 2006-03-23 Quasicrystalline bond coating and its use as a thermal barrier coating
PCT/EP2007/052732 WO2007107602A2 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer
EP20070727208 EP1996795B1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-22 Quasicrystalline compound and the use thereof as a heat insulating layer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1996795A2 true EP1996795A2 (en) 2008-12-03
EP1996795B1 EP1996795B1 (en) 2011-06-29

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EP (2) EP1837484A3 (en)
JP (1) JP2009530498A (en)
CN (1) CN101405477B (en)
AT (1) ATE514838T1 (en)
PL (1) PL1996795T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2007107602A2 (en)

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DE102012219856A1 (en) * 2012-10-30 2014-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine blade and method for producing a turbine blade with high surface hardness
US9765917B2 (en) 2014-12-26 2017-09-19 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Vacuum insulation material

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US5432011A (en) * 1991-01-18 1995-07-11 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Aluminum alloys, substrates coated with these alloys and their applications
JP3142659B2 (en) * 1992-09-11 2001-03-07 ワイケイケイ株式会社 High strength, heat resistant aluminum base alloy
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EP1837484A2 (en) 2007-09-26
JP2009530498A (en) 2009-08-27
US20100227194A1 (en) 2010-09-09
EP1837484A3 (en) 2007-11-28
WO2007107602A3 (en) 2008-01-17
CN101405477A (en) 2009-04-08
EP1996795B1 (en) 2011-06-29
WO2007107602A2 (en) 2007-09-27
PL1996795T3 (en) 2011-11-30
CN101405477B (en) 2012-06-27
ATE514838T1 (en) 2011-07-15

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