EP1995407A2 - Procédé de consolidation et/ou d'étanchéification de formations géologiques molles durant la prise de mesures de constructions géotechniques - Google Patents

Procédé de consolidation et/ou d'étanchéification de formations géologiques molles durant la prise de mesures de constructions géotechniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1995407A2
EP1995407A2 EP08004648A EP08004648A EP1995407A2 EP 1995407 A2 EP1995407 A2 EP 1995407A2 EP 08004648 A EP08004648 A EP 08004648A EP 08004648 A EP08004648 A EP 08004648A EP 1995407 A2 EP1995407 A2 EP 1995407A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clay mineral
suspension
granules
mineral granules
working area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08004648A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1995407A3 (fr
Inventor
Hermann Spengler
Alexander Mangstl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imerys Metalcasting Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
S & B Industrial Minerals GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S & B Industrial Minerals GmbH filed Critical S & B Industrial Minerals GmbH
Publication of EP1995407A2 publication Critical patent/EP1995407A2/fr
Publication of EP1995407A3 publication Critical patent/EP1995407A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
    • E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for solidifying or stabilizing and / or sealing looser geological formations in the course of geotechnical construction measures, in particular for the production of a tunnel and / or diaphragm wall, preferably for use in liquid-supported machinellen tunneling and trench wall method, which essentially consists of a clay mineral suspension and a pore filler existing support medium is supplied to a work area or a respective slot.
  • the penetration depth of the clay mineral suspension essentially depends on the pore space, the pore size of the geological formation and on the yield point of the clay mineral suspension. If the corresponding formation is very permeable, it either has large pores or a high number of pores, or both come together.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a method so that the reliability increases, the regeneration of the support medium is facilitated and overall the costs are reduced.
  • the invention proposes in a generic method for solidification or stabilization and / or sealing looser geological formations in the course of geotechnical construction measures that the clay mineral suspension is added to a swellable soluble clay mineral granules as Poren hypollstoff.
  • the invention thus relies on a special pore filler, namely a swellable clay mineral granules, which is also soluble in the associated suspension liquid. That is, in the suspension liquid are not only the very fine solid clay mineral particles forming the suspension, but also the clay mineral granules. All three of the aforementioned ingredients (suspension liquid, fine clay mineral powder or fine solid clay mineral particles and clay mineral granules) form a total of the support medium which is supplied to the work area. This work area is usually, and not limited to, the so-called working face in liquid mechanical tunneling.
  • the clay mineral granules are soluble in the suspension liquid, measures must be taken that the clay mineral granules in the work area nevertheless fulfills its primary function, namely to clog pores in the loose or stabilizing loose geological formation.
  • This is preferably achieved by the invention in that the clay mineral granules are added to the clay mineral suspension at a predetermined (short) time before reaching the working area. In this case, the time in question is so dimensioned that the clay mineral granules of the suspension liquid has not or almost not been dissolved. As a consequence of this, the clay mineral granules are available in the working area with the grain size predetermined at the time of admixture with the clay mineral suspension.
  • the invention recommends at this point a grain of Tonmineralgranulates with particle sizes or diameters of more than half a millimeter up to about 20 millimeters.
  • a particle size range between 1 millimeter and 16 millimeters is covered, depending on how the loose geological formation to be consolidated or sealed is designed or depending on the observed or measured pore size in the working area.
  • the pore size of the relevant geological formation is either known or can be determined prior to introduction of the support medium.
  • the clay mineral granules are then selected with regard to their grain size.
  • the grain size of the clay mineral granules is usually adjusted so that at least 70%, usually more than 80% and preferably at least 90% of the pores of the loose geological formation of the clay mineral granules or its grains are clogged.
  • 20 millimeters in diameter have proven to be the upper limit for the grain size.
  • the support medium is in fact preferably reprocessed by discharging any soil constituents and / or individual grains of the clay mineral granules which have not or not completely dissolved in the course of the processing of the support medium.
  • the reprocessing provides that suspension medium and / or the clay mineral granules and / or the clay mineral are added as a clay mineral powder as needed to the support medium.
  • the invention is therefore based on the fact that the clay mineral granules dissolve advantageously during its processing in the work area and / or the return transport wholly or partially in the clay mineral suspension, thus no problems in the reprocessing or in a regeneration plant leads. That is, any existing sieves there can not clog, overflow and it does not come to foam.
  • the grain size can be varied by changing the timing of adding the clay mineral granules to the clay mineral suspension. If this time is well before the work area is reached, it is to be expected that the original grain size has been changed (reduced) by, for example, swelling or dissolving. On the other hand, if the addition is made shortly before reaching the working range, practically no change in the grain size is observed.
  • the time of addition of Tonmineralgranulates the clay mineral suspension can be changed to that undergoes a predictable reduction in diameter during transport to the work area, the grain size.
  • the clay mineral granules after its processing and the return transport for the reprocessing of the support medium has a grain size which is in the range of fine clay mineral particles of the clay mineral suspension.
  • start a liquid-based tunneling with a conventional amount of fresh clay mineral suspension and can be maintained only by adding clay granules and suspension liquid. That is, the addition of the clay mineral granules and the suspension liquid compensates for losses incurred, while maintaining the rheologically necessary properties at the same time.
  • both the clay mineral suspension and the clay mineral granules can be produced from a respective matching clay mineral.
  • the invention does not exclude that the support medium to optimize its stability and the rheological properties of other mineral or organic additives are added.
  • a supporting medium is always provided within the scope of the invention, which is preferably used for producing a tunnel and / or trench wall or in the course of a mechanical tunneling or in the slot wall technique and in the working area or slot the existing pores in the geological formation or Clogged reliably in a soil.
  • the pore size of the soil is first determined and, depending thereon, the grain size of the clay mineral granules is selected and added to the clay mineral suspension.
  • the time of adding the clay mineral granules to the clay mineral suspension can be specified, if this time can be changed.
  • Unused and dissolved soil granules are transported away together with the clay mineral suspension and any soil components or a Bodenaushub for regeneration of the work area.
  • the clay mineral granules dissolves completely or almost completely by the mechanical stress in the work area and during transport and is not separated out of the support medium in the subsequent regeneration of the mixture of the support medium and the soil components or the excavated soil.
  • the clay mineral granules dissolved in the suspension liquid have approximately the same rheological properties as the clay mineral suspension, the clay mineral granules dissolved in the suspension liquid ensure that the already used and reprocessed clay mineral suspension is supported in its stability and its reological quality.
  • the support medium is not overly thickened by any enrichment with the clay mineral granules and impaired in its flowability, the recycled support medium can be added depending on its viscosity additionally suspension liquid for dilution and impaired in its flowability, the re-prepared support medium depending on his Viscosity in addition to be added suspension liquid for dilution.
  • This suspension liquid is usually water.
  • the addition of fresh clay mineral suspension may be partially or completely omitted. Any problems occurring in the prior art when regenerating the supporting medium in connection with the soil constituents or the soil excavation do not occur. Here are the main benefits.
  • Fig. 1 is a tunnel boring machine shown in its basic structure, with the help of a first slot 1 according to the Fig. 2 is generated along the planned tunnel circumference.
  • the tunnel boring machine has a Schlitzgrabvorraum 2, which generates the aforementioned slot 1 and produces a support layer 3.
  • the Schlitzgrabvorraum 2 is formed Mating-Celler's Archimetics
  • a tool 4 for the removal of material which may be one or more cutting wheels. These cutting wheels rotate about an axis A and solve the lying before them rock or soil out of the composite.
  • a support medium is supplied to in the in Fig. 2 shown working area 6 and the working face 6 to produce the support layer 3.
  • the support medium is a mixture of a clay mineral suspension and a pore filler in which a swellable, soluble clay mineral granulate is used.
  • the support medium is pumped via several openings on the tool 4 and the associated cutting wheels directly into or to the working face 6.
  • the supply line 5 opens into a chamber 7, in which the support medium with dissolved out material, in this case loose soil or rock, mixed. Via a discharge line 8, this mixture is then removed from the support medium and any soil components and fed to a merely indicated regeneration plant 9.
  • a removal device 10 is still connected, by means of which the material removed from the tool 4 can be removed from the area of the tool 4. Overall, however, the removal device 10 represents only one option.
  • an air chamber may be provided in the rear part of the chamber 7.
  • an air bubble forms in the chamber 7, which is kept at a certain overpressure. This overpressure propagates via the support medium located in the chamber 7 to the geological formation to be processed.
  • the mixture of the support medium and the soil components is reprocessed in such a way that the soil components are usually sieved out and the remaining support medium is conveyed again via the supply line 5 into the chamber 7.
  • the support medium has as pore filler on a swellable and soluble clay mineral granules, which has a grain size of more than 0.5 millimeters. So that the mixture of the soil components and the support medium remains unchanged flowable and can still be supplied to the regeneration plant 9, the grain size of the clay mineral granules is limited to 20 millimeters usually.
  • the clay mineral granules are metered into the supply line 5 just before the chamber 7 at a time T and taken by the guided here Tonmineralsuspension in the chamber 7.
  • the time T of this admixture or addition of the clay mineral granules to the clay mineral suspension is fixed or predetermined and corresponds to a time until the support medium in question has reached the working area or the working face 6.
  • This period of time or the time T of admixture of the clay mineral granules is so dimensioned that the clay mineral granules in the suspension liquid has not been or almost not dissolved.
  • the time T can also vary.
  • the individual grains of the clay mineral granules can be selectively dissolved to provide a certain desired grain size spectrum available and / or replace part of the clay mineral suspension by the loosened clay mineral granules or add to the clay mineral suspension to achieve certain rheological properties.
  • the grain size of the clay mineral granules is determined depending on the pore size of the loose geological formation to be solidified or sealed. For example, the design may be such that the grains of the clay mineral granules are formed greater than 90% of the pores of the geological formation in question. This can ensure that the vast majority of the pores in question are clogged by the clay mineral granules in the support medium. Of course, an upper limit of 80% or even 70% of the pore size can be thought of and is encompassed by the invention.
  • the maximum grain size to be processed which is ultimately determined by the regeneration system 9, must be taken into account. Because if one or more of the clay mineral granules are not or not completely dissolved in the working area 6 or during their return through the discharge line 8 to the regeneration system 9, it should nevertheless be ensured that any screens or filters in the regeneration system 9 are not blocked. This is usually achieved when the grain size of the clay mineral granules does not exceed 20 millimeters, and preferably 16 millimeters.
  • the rheology of the support medium that is, its flow behavior, particularly advantageous in the case influenced that the clay mineral suspension and the clay mineral granules each have a matching clay mineral or have been prepared from a matching clay mineral or a respective matching clay mineral mixture.
  • the invention recommends recourse to a three-layer mineral or the mixture of several three-layer minerals, each with intracrystalline swelling capacity.
  • smectites and here preferably bentonites are used. These have the desired swelling capability to to solidify and / or seal the loose geological formation and are at the same time soluble in the suspension liquid, preferably water.
  • the particularly advantageously used bentonites for the clay mineral suspension and / or the pore filler is preferably a soda-activated calcium bentonite. Because of its agregated structure, such a bentonite forms a high yield point even at low concentrations in suspensions. At the same time, its viscosity is lower and the tiksotropic behavior more favorable than with natural sodium bentonite. Consequently, the described soda-activated calcium bentonite is particularly suitable for the described application.
  • a dense filter cake forms rapidly and prevents further penetration of the suspension.
  • the high yield strength observed with soda-activated calcium bentonite also has a positive effect because it limits the penetration of the suspension into the geological formation to be consolidated or stabilized, after which the filter cake has formed.
  • the time T of admixture of the clay mineral granules to the clay mineral suspension can be varied. This is achieved by the invention, for example, in that 5 different openings for introducing the Tonmineralgranulates be provided in the longitudinal direction of the supply line.
  • the addition of suspension liquid or water can also be changed in order to dissolve or dissolve the clay mineral granules.
  • the various parameters such as grain size of Tonmineralgranulates, fluidity of Tonmineralsuspension, content of suspension liquid, etc. can be detected and fed to a control unit for processing , The control unit then regulates the supply of clay mineral granules, its grain size, the time T of admixture, the addition of suspension liquid, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP08004648.5A 2007-05-22 2008-03-13 Procédé de consolidation et/ou d'étanchéification de formations géologiques molles durant la prise de mesures de constructions géotechniques Withdrawn EP1995407A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007024057A DE102007024057B4 (de) 2007-05-22 2007-05-22 Verfahren zur Verfestigung und/oder Abdichtung lockerer geologischer Formationen im Zuge von geotechnischen Baumaßnahmen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1995407A2 true EP1995407A2 (fr) 2008-11-26
EP1995407A3 EP1995407A3 (fr) 2013-10-02

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EP08004648.5A Withdrawn EP1995407A3 (fr) 2007-05-22 2008-03-13 Procédé de consolidation et/ou d'étanchéification de formations géologiques molles durant la prise de mesures de constructions géotechniques

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EP (1) EP1995407A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007024057B4 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021026308A1 (fr) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 Glxt Holdings, Llc Systèmes et procédés pour des systèmes électriques de mise à la terre
US11349227B2 (en) 2017-03-03 2022-05-31 Groundlinx Technologies, Llc Electrical grounding systems

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109139025B (zh) * 2018-10-29 2019-11-08 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 一种盾构机刀盘泥饼破除方法

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005925A1 (fr) 1986-04-02 1987-10-08 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Procede pour renforcer et rendre etanches les formations geologiques
EP0696558A2 (fr) 1994-08-12 1996-02-14 Dyckerhoff Aktiengesellschaft Mélange de liant à base de ciment ultra-fin procédé pour sa fabrication et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
DE19859821A1 (de) 1998-12-23 1999-11-18 Tachus Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Tunnelbau
DE19902784A1 (de) * 1999-01-07 2000-07-13 Akw Apparate Verfahren Verfahren und Anordnung zum Regenerieren einer Spülflüssigkeit, die für den Abraumtransport beim Tunnelvortrieb bei grobkörnigen oder kiesigen Böden eingesetzt wird
DE19843092C2 (de) 1998-05-22 2001-09-13 Dywo Dyckerhoff Wopfinger Umwe Dichtwandmasse

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US4503170A (en) * 1979-09-27 1985-03-05 Exxon Production Research Co. Shear thickening fluid
US4542791A (en) * 1984-03-06 1985-09-24 Exxon Research & Engineering Company Method for plugging wellbores with polycarboxylic acid shear thickening composition
US5034160A (en) * 1990-06-11 1991-07-23 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Sprayable fireproofing composition
AT402647B (de) * 1994-08-18 1997-07-25 Oesterr Draukraftwerke Verfahren zur oberflächendichtung für verfahren zur oberflächendichtung für erdbaukörper im wasserbau erdbaukörper im wasserbau
JP2915399B1 (ja) * 1998-06-03 1999-07-05 株式会社豊順洋行 ベントナイトの吹き付け防水工法
US20050025579A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-02-03 Kouichi Sogou Method for forming an underground impermeable wall
DE10356584A1 (de) * 2003-12-04 2005-06-30 Walter Bau-Ag Verfahren zum Verfüllen von Hohlräumen außerhalb der lichten Tunnelröhre eines maschinell aufgefahrenen Tunnels
WO2008000106A1 (fr) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 ETH Zürich Suspensions de bentonite

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005925A1 (fr) 1986-04-02 1987-10-08 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Procede pour renforcer et rendre etanches les formations geologiques
EP0696558A2 (fr) 1994-08-12 1996-02-14 Dyckerhoff Aktiengesellschaft Mélange de liant à base de ciment ultra-fin procédé pour sa fabrication et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
DE19843092C2 (de) 1998-05-22 2001-09-13 Dywo Dyckerhoff Wopfinger Umwe Dichtwandmasse
DE19859821A1 (de) 1998-12-23 1999-11-18 Tachus Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den Tunnelbau
DE19902784A1 (de) * 1999-01-07 2000-07-13 Akw Apparate Verfahren Verfahren und Anordnung zum Regenerieren einer Spülflüssigkeit, die für den Abraumtransport beim Tunnelvortrieb bei grobkörnigen oder kiesigen Böden eingesetzt wird

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DR. ANJA HEINZ: "Modifizierte Bentonit Suspensionen für geotechnische Bauverfahren in Böden hoher Durchlässigkeit", VORGELEGT BEIM INSTITUT FÜR GEOTECHNIK AN DER ETH ZÜRICH IM JAHR, 2006

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11349227B2 (en) 2017-03-03 2022-05-31 Groundlinx Technologies, Llc Electrical grounding systems
WO2021026308A1 (fr) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 Glxt Holdings, Llc Systèmes et procédés pour des systèmes électriques de mise à la terre
US11329406B2 (en) 2019-08-06 2022-05-10 Glxt Holdings, Llc Systems and methods for electrical earthing systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1995407A3 (fr) 2013-10-02
DE102007024057B4 (de) 2009-03-12
DE102007024057A1 (de) 2008-12-11

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