EP1989441A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation en energie de batiments par recours a l'energie solaire comme source d'energie - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation en energie de batiments par recours a l'energie solaire comme source d'energie

Info

Publication number
EP1989441A1
EP1989441A1 EP07711658A EP07711658A EP1989441A1 EP 1989441 A1 EP1989441 A1 EP 1989441A1 EP 07711658 A EP07711658 A EP 07711658A EP 07711658 A EP07711658 A EP 07711658A EP 1989441 A1 EP1989441 A1 EP 1989441A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy
power
oxygen
solar
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07711658A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Gutfleisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1989441A1 publication Critical patent/EP1989441A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
    • H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/38—Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • H01M2250/402—Combination of fuel cell with other electric generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • H01M2250/405—Cogeneration of heat or hot water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for energy supply of buildings using solar energy as an energy source of the type mentioned, which is less expensive and can be used in a variety of ways and is used in each case adapted.
  • an essentially autonomous energy supply to one or more buildings is achieved over the entire year.
  • a standardization and thus significant cost reduction of such devices is achieved because such modular energy blocks can be prefabricated or pre-assembled in different sized energy units.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic section of a building with a device to its self-sufficient Energy supply using solar energy as an energy source
  • Figure 2 in block diagram a corresponding, but modular device for power supply.
  • the device 10 shown in Figure 1 is provided for self-sufficient energy supply of a building 11 with the exclusive use of solar energy as an energy source.
  • the building 11 is designed, for example, as a one-family house, which is provided with an optimally inclined saddle roof 12 and which is optimally aligned with regard to the solar radiation during the day.
  • the outer walls 15 are optimally thermally insulated with an insulating material 16.
  • the inclined roof surfaces 21 and 22, which are also thermally insulated with an insulating material 16 to the roof space 17 are in the embodiment with both a first solar cell device 23 for converting solar energy into electrical energy and with a second solar cell device 24 for the conversion of solar energy Heat energy preferably fully occupied.
  • the division of the roof surfaces 21 and 22 with respect to the occupancy with the first and the second solar cell device 23, 24 is divided according to the expected demand for direct heat energy or electrical energy.
  • the areas of the first solar cell device 23, which serves the photovoltaic in a manner not shown on its back with a Provided heat conduction device, via which the first solar cell device 23 can be cooled to increase their efficiency and the waste heat can be harnessed.
  • an electrical storage device 26 is provided, which consists for example of one or more batteries and / or capacitors. Either directly to the photovoltaic device 23 and / or to the electrical storage device 26, an electrolysis device 27 is connected, which serves the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Likewise, the electrical supply system 28 of the building 11 is connected directly to the photovoltaic device 23, for example via inverters, or indirectly also to the electrical storage device 26, for example via inverters.
  • the gases supplied by the electrolyzer 27, namely hydrogen and oxygen are used differently in this embodiment.
  • the hydrogen is stored in a pressure buffer 31, while the oxygen, for example, for air conditioning or to improve the indoor climate in a manner not shown the living floor 13 and possibly the loft 17 is supplied.
  • a condenser unit 32 Connected to the print buffer 31 is a condenser unit 32 which is connected to the electrical storage device 26 and / or via a central control unit 40 is connected in a controlled manner to the photovoltaic device 23 and serves for the liquefaction of the hydrogen. From the condenser unit 32, the liquid hydrogen enters a hydrogen storage tank 33.
  • the device for self-sufficient energy supply of the building 11 further has a fuel cell block 36 which is connected to the hydrogen liquid storage 33 and additionally serves to supply the building 11 with electrical energy.
  • a hot water tank 38 for the hot water system of the building 11 is supplied for example by the second solar cell device 24 in a known manner with heat energy.
  • the waste heat resulting from the cooling of the photovoltaic device 23 can also be supplied to the hot water system 38 via a heat pump.
  • the hot water system 38 can also be supplied with heat via a heat pump or heated via the photovoltaic device 23 and / or the electrical storage device 26 and / or the fuel cell block 36 via electrical heating.
  • the heat pump or heat pumps are supplied with electrical energy via the photovoltaic device 23 and / or the electrical storage device 26 and / or the fuel cell block 36.
  • the device for self-sufficient energy supply of the building 11 also has a central control unit 40, which distributes the electrical energy and the thermal energy according to the weather conditions and according to the energy requirements of the individual consumers. For example, the electrical energy that is not immediately consumed is first used in the electrical system Storage device 26 stored. If this electrical storage device is filled or the amount of energy exceeds the charging power of the electrical storage device 26, the electrolysis device 27 starts, in which case the resulting hydrogen is fed via the intermediate stage of the condenser 32 to the liquid storage 33 and stored there.
  • the electrical storage device 26 and the fuel cell block 36 are used to supply energy to the building 11.
  • the respective energy contribution is distributed according to the required decrease on the individual consumers.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device 110 for supplying energy to a building complex 118 from a plurality of buildings 111/1, 111/2, etc. of different or the same size and shape.
  • the device 110 is connected to all or part of its devices, as will be described in more detail, at a central location 120 in the form of a building, container, open space and / or the like arranged.
  • the first solar cell device 123 for converting solar energy into electrical energy at this central location 120 may also be provided.
  • the second solar cell device 124 for converting solar energy into thermal energy is also provided either at this central location 120, or expediently at or on the respective building 111/1, 111/2, etc.
  • Storage device 126 is provided, which consists for example of one or more batteries and / or capacitors. Either directly with the
  • Photovoltaic device 123 and / or to the electrical storage device 126 is connected to an electrolysis device 127, which serves to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
  • each electrical supply system 128 of a building 111/1, 111/2, etc. for example via inverters directly to the photovoltaic device 123 or also, for example via inverters indirectly connected to the electrical storage device 126.
  • the gases supplied by the electrolyzer 127 are treated in the same way and used at least partially in the same way.
  • Both the hydrogen and the oxygen are stored in a pressure buffer 131 or 141, to which a condenser unit 132 or 142 connected to the electrical storage device 126 and / or via a central control unit 140 with the Photovoltaic device 123 is connected and the liquefaction of hydrogen or oxygen is used.
  • From the condenser unit 132 or 142 of the liquid hydrogen or oxygen passes into a Wasserstoff gr. Oxygen-liquid storage 133 or 143.
  • the self-powered device 110 of the building complex 118 further has a fuel cell block unit 136 composed of a plurality of modular fuel cell blocks 136/1, 136/2, etc. of different power. In this case, more than one of each modular fuel cell block 136/1 and / or 136/2, etc. may be provided.
  • the individual modular fuel cell blocks are the input side to the hydrogen pressure buffer 131 and the oxygen pressure buffer 141 and / or connected to the hydrogen-liquid storage 133 and the oxygen-liquid storage 143 and output side electrical energy directly into the electrical storage device 126 and / or directly via corresponding converters in the electrical network of the individual buildings 111/1, 111/2, etc. of the building complex 118. For example, have the different sized modular fuel cell blocks 136/1, 136/2, etc.
  • the second solar cell device 124 for the direct use of the heat energy can either also centrally provided or, as in the embodiment of Figure 1 in a corresponding manner the individual buildings 111/1, etc. be assigned to the building complex 118.
  • the mentioned first control unit 140 distributes the electrical energy as well as the thermal energy according to the weather conditions and according to the energy requirements of the individual consumers, as described for the exemplary embodiment of FIG.
  • the device 110 has a second control unit 145, which uses the individual modular fuel cell blocks 136/1, etc. individually or in a specific combination depending on the electrical energy requirement. This means that the second control unit 145 detects the energy requirement over time, for example over certain time periods, and the corresponding modular
  • Fuel cell blocks 136/1 etc. individually or in combination not only depending on the respective energy requirements but also taking into account optimal efficiency, that is, corresponding combinations or sub-combinations and other shuts off. In other words, if, for example, 30 KW are required, then depending on the efficiency and economy either a 20 KW and a 10 KW block 136 or a 20 KW block and two 5 KW blocks are switched on.
  • the modular fuel cell blocks 136/1, etc. are self-contained and functional since each of these blocks is connected to the storage units of the media to be supplied, hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the oxygen stored in the device 141 and / or 143 may also be used in other ways in corresponding buildings 111/1, etc. of the building complex 118.
  • the oxygen for air conditioning one or more of the buildings 111/1, etc. of the building complex 118 as a building be used.
  • the device 110 used according to Figure 2 in a building complex 118 can also be installed in a complex of a single unitary large building, wherein the modular
  • Fuel cell blocks 136/1 etc. having

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (110) d'alimentation en énergie de bâtiments (111) ou de complexes (118) de bâtiments par recours à l'énergie solaire comme source d'énergie. Le dispositif présente un premier dispositif (123) à cellules solaires qui convertit l'énergie solaire en énergie électrique, un deuxième dispositif (124) à cellules solaires qui convertit l'énergie solaire en énergie thermique, un dispositif (127) d'électrolyse de l'eau qui décompose l'eau en hydrogène et oxygène au moyen de l'énergie électrique délivrée par le premier dispositif (123) à cellules solaires, un dispositif (131 à 133) d'accumulation d'hydrogène et un dispositif (126) d'accumulation d'énergie électrique. Pour créer une alimentation en énergie moins compliquée et utilisable de différentes manières, le système (136) est doté de plusieurs blocs d'énergie modulaires capables de fonctionner de manière intrinsèquement fermée et à différentes puissances qui présentent au moins à chaque fois un bloc de cellules à combustible (136/1, 136/2, etc.) de puissance définie et qui peuvent être utilisés de manière contrôlée, séparément ou en combinaison en fonction des besoins particuliers en énergie et en visant un rendement optimal.
EP07711658A 2006-02-28 2007-02-23 Dispositif d'alimentation en energie de batiments par recours a l'energie solaire comme source d'energie Withdrawn EP1989441A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006010111A DE102006010111A1 (de) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 Einrichtung zur Energieversorung von Gebäuden unter Nutzung der Sonnenenergie als Energiequelle
PCT/EP2007/001598 WO2007098895A1 (fr) 2006-02-28 2007-02-23 Dispositif d'alimentation en energie de batiments par recours a l'energie solaire comme source d'energie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1989441A1 true EP1989441A1 (fr) 2008-11-12

Family

ID=38110265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07711658A Withdrawn EP1989441A1 (fr) 2006-02-28 2007-02-23 Dispositif d'alimentation en energie de batiments par recours a l'energie solaire comme source d'energie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090025315A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1989441A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006010111A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007098895A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006010111A1 (de) 2007-08-30
WO2007098895A1 (fr) 2007-09-07
US20090025315A1 (en) 2009-01-29

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