EP1989407A1 - Procede de fonctionnement d un moteur utilisant une composition lubrifiante comprenant une dispersion colloïdale d ' une terre rare pour catalyser la combustion des suies - Google Patents
Procede de fonctionnement d un moteur utilisant une composition lubrifiante comprenant une dispersion colloïdale d ' une terre rare pour catalyser la combustion des suiesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1989407A1 EP1989407A1 EP07703988A EP07703988A EP1989407A1 EP 1989407 A1 EP1989407 A1 EP 1989407A1 EP 07703988 A EP07703988 A EP 07703988A EP 07703988 A EP07703988 A EP 07703988A EP 1989407 A1 EP1989407 A1 EP 1989407A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- particles
- rare earth
- engine
- colloidal dispersion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic oxygen-containing compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/14—Group 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/38—Catalyst protection, e.g. in exhaust gas converters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/50—Emission or smoke controlling properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of operating a motor using a lubricant composition comprising a colloidal dispersion of a rare earth to catalyze the combustion of soot. It is known that during the combustion of diesel fuel in a diesel engine, carbonaceous products tend to form soot, which is considered harmful for both the environment and health. We have been looking for a long time at techniques that make it possible to reduce the emission of these soot or carbonaceous particles. The same problem arises for gasoline engines operating in lean burn (lean-burn engines) which also emit such particles.
- a satisfactory solution now used in mass production is to collect the particles on a filter which is regenerated regularly to prevent clogging.
- the regeneration of the filter is all the more facilitated that the auto-ignition temperature of the soot is low which can be obtained by introducing a catalyst at the heart of the soot during combustion.
- This technology known as "Fuel Borne Catalysis" or FBC is also widely used.
- the sooted soot has a sufficiently low autoignition temperature to be frequently reached during normal engine running or during specific regeneration cycles.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose such a new technology.
- the invention relates to a method of operating an engine capable of producing exhaust gases containing particles and equipped with an exhaust pipe provided with a particulate filter, in which the particles are trapped. on said filter and the trapped particles are periodically burned and characterized in that in order to catalyzing the combustion of said particles, a composition which results from the mixing of: a lubricating oil is used as lubricating composition of the engine;
- colloidal dispersion which comprises particles of a compound of at least one rare earth and an amphiphilic agent.
- the method of the invention has the advantage of eliminating the presence of a specific reservoir for the soot combustion catalyst and a device for metering it in the fuel unlike the method using the FBC technology.
- composition of the invention comes from a mixture of two essential elements: the lubricating oil and the colloidal dispersion.
- Lubricating oils are well known to those skilled in the art. It can be recalled that these products contain a base oil with lubricating properties.
- This base oil may be a mineral oil derived from oils, based in particular on paraffins, aromatics or isoparaffins and mixtures of these compounds.
- the mineral oil can be obtained by vacuum distillation of a crude oil, the distillate obtained is then hydrocracked, hydrotreated and in a second time dewaxed and / or hydroisomerized so as to improve the properties such as viscosity and those of flow. the base oil thus obtained.
- base oils may also be synthetic oils based on polyalphaolefins or organic esters.
- the viscosity index of the mineral oils can be, for example, between 90 and 100 (index measured according to the ASTM D2270 standard), that of the hydrotreated products between 120 and 130, and this index can be greater than 140 for the synthetic oils based on of polyalphaolefins and can even reach 200 for those based on organic esters.
- the lubricating oils further contain various additives which can be classified into three groups: those intended to improve the chemical stability of the oil or to inhibit the effects of degradation products, those which improve the rheological properties and those that protect metal surfaces and have an anti-wear effect.
- additives based for example on phenols, substituted arylamines or sulfur compounds or also dialkyl-dithiophosphates zinc.
- detergent additives such as salts of organic acids or of phenols and divalent metals and dispersing additives of the organic surfactant type.
- the additives of the second group are those which act on the pour point of the oils and are of the oligomeric type possessing alkyl chains, or the so-called anticongelating products of the alkylnaphthalene type, the polyacrylates of long-chain alcohols or else of the alkylated polystyrene type. .
- This second group also contains additives improving the viscosity index. These additives are based on hydrocarbon polymers (ethylene-propylene copolymers for example) or ester-functional polymers (polymethacrylate type).
- additives are also anti-foaming products for example based on silicones.
- the third group of additives includes products with anti-wear effect. They are generally organic products containing sulfur, chlorine or phosphorus, such as dithiophosphoric derivatives or phosphomolybdate derivatives.
- the second essential element of the composition of the invention is the colloidal dispersion.
- colloidal dispersion designates in the present description any system consisting of fine solid particles of colloidal dimensions based on a compound of a rare earth, in suspension in a liquid phase, said particles being able, in addition, to optionally contain residual amounts of bound or adsorbed ions such as, for example, nitrates, acetates, citrates or ammoniums.
- colloidal dimensions is meant dimensions of between about 1 nm and about 500 nm.
- the particles may more particularly have an average size of at most about 250 nm, in particular at most 100 nm, preferably at most 20 nm and even more preferably at most 15 nm.
- the rare earth compound may be either, preferably, completely in the form of colloids, or in the form of colloids and partly in the form of ions.
- the particle size of which is mentioned above and for the remainder of the description, unless otherwise indicated, is determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in a conventional manner, on a previously dried sample deposited on a supported carbon membrane. on a copper grid.
- the rare earth may be chosen more particularly from cerium, lanthanum, yttrium, neodymium, gadolinium and praseodymium. Cerium can be chosen especially.
- the colloidal dispersion is characterized in that it comprises particles of a cerium compound and another rare earth.
- the colloidal dispersion of the invention is characterized in that it comprises particles based on a cerium compound, possibly another rare earth, and iron. More particularly, when the particles of the dispersion of the invention are based on a compound of several elements, that is to say cerium, other rare earth and / or iron, these elements are mixed within each particle, these elements are generally in the form of mixed oxides and / or hydrated mixed oxides (oxyhydroxides). In the case of a colloidal dispersion of cerium, this element is preferably mainly in the form of cerium IV.
- the cerium III content with respect to cerium IV is generally at most 40%. It can vary according to the embodiments of the dispersions used and thus be at most 20%, more particularly at most 10%, and even more particularly at most 1%.
- the rare earth other than cerium may be more particularly lanthanum or praseodymium.
- the present variant covers the case where the particle is a compound of cerium and several other rare earths in combination.
- the proportion of rare earth other than cerium is preferably at least 10%, more particularly at least 20%, and even more particularly at most 50%, in moles relative to the total number of moles of cerium. and rare earth oxide.
- the proportion of cerium is preferably at most 50%, more particularly at most 20% and even more particularly at most 10%, this proportion being expressed in moles of oxide.
- cerium CeO 2 relative to the total number of moles of cerium oxide and Fe 2 O 3 iron oxide.
- This organic phase may consist of the lubricating base oil described above or it may also be a mixture of this base oil with another organic phase, miscible with this oil.
- the lubricant composition of the invention can be obtained by mixing the lubricating oil with a previously prepared colloidal dispersion.
- this dispersion comprises an organic phase which may be a hydrocarbon, more particularly apolar.
- organic phase examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, inert cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, cyclopentane, cycloheptane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, liquid naphthenes.
- Isopar or Solvesso type petroleum fractions (trademarks registered by the company EXXON), in particular Solvesso 100 which essentially contains a mixture of methylethyl and trimethylbenzene, Solvesso 150 which contains a mixture of alkylbenzenes, in particular dimethylbenzene and of tetramethylbenzene and Isopar which contains mainly iso- and cyclo-paraffinic hydrocarbons at C-11 and C-12. It can also be made, as other oil cuts, those of Petrolink ® type Petrolink the company or Isane ® type of company Total.
- Chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloro- or dichlorobenzene, chlorotoluene can also be used for the organic phase.
- the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic ethers as well as ketones for example diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone and mesityl oxide, may be envisaged.
- the esters can be envisaged, but they have the disadvantage of risking being hydrolysed. Mention may be made, as esters that may be used, of those resulting from the reaction of acids with C1 to C8 alcohols and in particular the palmitates of secondary alcohols, such as isopropanol.
- the organic phase may be based on a mixture of two or more hydrocarbons or compounds of the type described above.
- the choice of the organic phase among the examples that have just been given will be based on its compatibility or miscibility with the lubricating oil.
- the colloidal dispersion comprises an amphiphilic agent.
- This amphiphilic agent is at least partly in interaction, either by grafting or by electrostatic binding, with the particles of the rare earth compound and, optionally, iron.
- This agent may be more particularly an acid.
- the acid is more particularly chosen from organic acids which comprise at least 6 carbon atoms, more particularly from 10 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 50 carbon atoms and even more preferably from 15 to 25 carbon atoms. carbon.
- acids can be linear or branched. They may be aryl, aliphatic or arylaliphatic acids, possibly carrying other functions provided that these functions are stable in the environments where it is desired to use the dispersions according to the present invention.
- aliphatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic sulfonic acids, aliphatic phosphonic acids, alkylarylsulphonic acids and alkylarylphosphonic acids containing from about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms, whether natural or synthetic can be used, for example, . It is of course possible to use the acids in mixture.
- carboxylic acids whose carbon chain carries ketonic functions, such as the alpha-substituted pyruvic acids of the ketone function. It can also be alpha-halo carboxylic acids or alpha hydroxycarboxylic acids.
- the chain attached to the carboxylic group may carry unsaturations.
- the chain can be interrupted by ether or ester functions provided that the lipophilicity of the carrier chain of the carboxylic group is not greatly impaired.
- tall oil fatty acids such as tall oil fatty acids, soya oil, tallow, linseed oil, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid and its isomers, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, naphthenic acid, hexoic acid, toluenesulphonic acid, acid toluene phosphonic acid, lauryl sulfonic acid, lauryl phosphonic acid, palmityl sulfonic acid, and palmityl phosphonic acid.
- amphiphilic agent mention may also be made of polyoxyethylenated alkyl ether phosphates.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 which are identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl radical, in particular from 2 to 20 carbon atoms; a phenyl radical; an alkylaryl radical, more particularly an alkylphenyl radical, with in particular an alkyl chain of 8 to 12 carbon atoms; an arylalkyl radical, more particularly a phenylaryl radical;
- M represents a hydrogen, sodium or potassium atom.
- the radical R may in particular be a hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, oleyl or nonylphenyl radical.
- amphiphilic compound examples include those marketed under the Lubrophos® and Rhodafac® brands sold by Rhodia, and in particular the products below:
- This molar ratio may be between 0.2 and 1, preferably between 0.4 and
- the dispersion that can be used in the process of the invention may be in a specific embodiment.
- the dispersion is such that at least 90% of the particles are monocrystalline.
- monocrystalline particles are meant particles which, when examining the dispersion by
- MET High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy
- the cryo-MET technique can also be used to determine the aggregation state of the elementary particles. It makes it possible to observe by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples kept frozen in their natural environment which is either water or organic diluents such as aromatic or aliphatic solvents such as for example Solvesso and Isopar or else certain alcohols such as ethanol.
- TEM transmission electron microscopy
- Freezing is carried out on thin films of about 50 to 100 nm thick either in liquid ethane for aqueous samples or in liquid nitrogen for the others.
- cryo-MET the state of dispersion of the particles is well preserved and representative of that present in the real medium.
- the particles have a fine particle size and tightened. Indeed, they have a d 50 of between 1 and 5 nm, preferably between 2 and 3 nm.
- the concentration of the rare earth and possibly iron dispersion is between 1 and 40% by weight of rare earth oxide (s) or of rare earth oxide (s) and Fe 2 O 3 iron relative to the total weight of the dispersion.
- the lubricating composition for use in the process of the invention can be prepared by mixing a lubricating oil with a colloidal dispersion of a rare earth compound, or a rare earth compound and iron. This mixing can be done in proportions that are not critical and that can vary in a wide range. By way of example, these proportions may be such that the content of rare earth, possibly rare earth and iron, in the lubricating composition, expressed as metal element, and coming from the colloidal dispersion is at most 15% by weight. mass of the entire composition, more particularly at most 10%, proportions of only a few percent being possible.
- the composition thus obtained is stable, that is to say that there is no decantation of the dispersion and therefore no deposition of the cerium or iron particles at the bottom of the tank containing the lubricant composition. Moreover, this stability is maintained even when the lubricant composition is exposed to a high temperature which is the case during operation of the engine for which the composition is used as a lubricant. In addition, it is unexpectedly found that the use of this composition in the operation of the engine does indeed catalyze the combustion of soot.
- the method of the invention applies to an engine which, during its operation, is capable of producing harmful particles, such as soot, and which are found in the exhaust gas. It may be more particularly a diesel engine or a gasoline engine operating in lean mixture.
- this method applies to an engine which, in a known manner, is equipped with a line or muffler in which is integrated a particulate filter.
- this filter comprises a filter filter type filter ceramic or silicon carbide through which circulate the exhaust gas.
- it may also be one or more sieves in wire cloth or a filter type foam ceramic or fibrous material.
- the method of the invention aims to catalyze the combustion of particles or soot trapped on the particulate filter.
- the compound of the rare earth or iron and rare earth is used as a catalyst for the combustion of these soot and it is provided by the lubricating composition and not by the fuel as in the processes of the prior art.
- the lubricant composition prepared prior to its use in the engine and thus comprising the dispersion of rare earth or iron and rare earth, is introduced into the engine oil tank for example during a drain.
- the lubricant composition thus passes into the engine lubrication circuit. It is found that the rare earth or rare earth compound and the iron itself introduced by the lubricating composition is found in the soot and can thus contribute to catalyzing their combustion.
- EXAMPLE 1 This example relates to the preparation of a lubricant composition that can be used in a process according to the invention.
- a colloidal dispersion based on cerium prepared according to a process of the type of that of example 4 of the patent application EP 671205 but with a temperature of 160 ° C for the autoclave treatment is used.
- the organic phase of this dispersion is Isopar and the amphiphilic agent is isostearic.
- the content of ceric nitrate involved is adjusted so as to obtain a colloidal dispersion containing 25% by weight of cerium metal.
- the colloids have an average size of 5 nm.
- This example relates to the preparation of a second lubricating composition that can be used in a process according to the invention.
- a colloidal dispersion based on cerium and iron in a metal molar ratio of 50/50 prepared according to a method of the type of Example 3 of the patent application WO 01/10545, is used.
- the organic phase of this dispersion is Isopar and the amphiphilic agent is isostearic acid.
- the dispersion contains 10% by weight of metal (cerium and iron).
- the colloids have a size of between 3 and 4 nm and are perfectly individualized.
- This example relates to a catalytic oxidation of soot test carried out in the presence of a lubricant composition that can be used in a process according to the invention.
- the catalytic properties of soot oxidation are measured by thermogravimetric analysis.
- a Setaram thermobalance equipped with a quartz boat is used in which a sample containing approximately 20 mg of sample is placed.
- the sample consists of a mixture of 20% by weight of the lubricating composition of Example 1 and 80% by weight of carbon black.
- the carbon black used to simulate the soot emitted by a diesel engine is carbon black marketed by Cabot under the reference Elftex 125.
- the lubricating composition and carbon black mixture is homogenized through a mixture with a spatula.
- the dough thus obtained is dried beforehand in a ventilated oven at 60 ° C. and then up to 120 ° C. 20 mg of the sample thus prepared and treated are introduced into the nacelle of the thermobalance then a gas stream is circulated consisting of an air / water mixture in respective volume proportions of 87 and 13%. After 30 minutes at 150 ° C., the rise in temperature is started up to 900 ° C. with a ramp of 10 ° C./min, and the mass loss of the sample is recorded as a function of temperature.
- Example 3 This example is carried out according to the same protocol as Example 3 but with the lubricant composition described in Example 2.
- This example relates to a soot oxidation test carried out in the presence of a lubricant composition of the prior art.
- the test is carried out according to the same protocol but using Total Activa Diesel 10W40 pure commercial oil.
- the sample thus evaluated is therefore composed of a mixture of
- the colloidal dispersion of cerium and iron of Example 2 is used again and 10 grams of this dispersion at 10% by weight of cerium and iron metal are added to 160 g of a motor oil (EIf Prestigrade 15W40) so that to obtain a lubricating composition containing 94% mass of this commercial oil and 6% mass of the commercial colloidal dispersion.
- the iron metal content of this lubricating composition is thus 0.20% by weight while that in cerium metal is 0.45% by weight.
- This lubricating composition is then introduced into a partially clogged container, itself placed in a ventilated chamber maintained at 110 ° C.
- the iron and cerium content of the composition is then regularly measured by a chemical assay technique (ICP). in the upper part of the container.
- ICP chemical assay technique
- Table 2 below gives the iron and cerium contents thus measured after different residence times in the chamber at 110 ° C.
- this lubricant composition is very important given that the iron and cerium contents do not change during 79 days of continuous heating at 110 ° C. This stability period determined under these conditions can be considered sufficient to ensure the stability of the lubricant composition between two oil changes of the engine oil circuit.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0600838A FR2896824B1 (fr) | 2006-01-30 | 2006-01-30 | Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur utilisant une composition lubrifiante comprenant une dispersion colloidale d'une terre rare pour catalyser la combustion des suies |
| PCT/EP2007/050493 WO2007085561A1 (fr) | 2006-01-30 | 2007-01-18 | Procede de fonctionnement d’un moteur utilisant une composition lubrifiante comprenant une dispersion colloïdale d ' une terre rare pour catalyser la combustion des suies |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1989407A1 true EP1989407A1 (fr) | 2008-11-12 |
| EP1989407B1 EP1989407B1 (fr) | 2010-03-31 |
Family
ID=36589232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07703988A Not-in-force EP1989407B1 (fr) | 2006-01-30 | 2007-01-18 | Procede de fonctionnement d un moteur utilisant une composition lubrifiante comprenant une dispersion colloïdale d ' une terre rare pour catalyser la combustion des suies |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090241523A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1989407B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101375027B (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE462875T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE602007005615D1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2343759T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2896824B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007085561A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2853261B1 (fr) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-06-30 | Rhodia Elect & Catalysis | Dispersion colloidale d'un compose d'une terre rare comprenant un agent anti-oxydant et son utilisation comme adjuvant de gazole pour moteurs a combustion interne |
| US8741821B2 (en) | 2007-01-03 | 2014-06-03 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Nanoparticle additives and lubricant formulations containing the nanoparticle additives |
| FR2913431B1 (fr) | 2007-03-06 | 2009-04-24 | Rhodia Recherches & Tech | Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur diesel en vue de faciliter la regeneration d'un filtre a particules sur la ligne d'echappement |
| US8333945B2 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2012-12-18 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Nanoparticle additives and lubricant formulations containing the nanoparticle additives |
| CN108690688B (zh) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-12-10 | 上海金兆节能科技有限公司 | 一种耐腐蚀润滑脂及其制备方法 |
| CN109054926B (zh) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-21 | 深圳市油博士润滑科技有限公司 | 健康环保微量切削液及其制备方法 |
| CN108753412B (zh) * | 2018-07-10 | 2019-12-10 | 惠州市飞世尔实业有限公司 | 环保自主修复微量润滑油及其制备方法 |
| CN108728225B (zh) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-08-11 | 江苏省健尔康医用敷料有限公司 | 润滑脂及其制备方法 |
| CN108893139B (zh) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-12-04 | 嘉兴笼列电子商务有限公司 | 一种使用含钕两亲性催化剂燃油脱硫的方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3809307A1 (de) * | 1988-03-19 | 1989-09-28 | Veba Oel Ag | Motorschmieroel fuer dieselmotoren und verfahren zum betreiben eines dieselmotors |
| DE3926817A1 (de) * | 1989-08-14 | 1991-02-21 | Miltiathis Markou | Schmiermittel fuer eine brennkraftmaschine |
| DE4133137A1 (de) * | 1991-10-07 | 1992-04-23 | Bernd Fischer | Verfahren zur katalytischen unterstuetzung der partikeloxidation bei dieselmotoren, insbesondere solchen mit partikelfilter oder katalysator |
| GB0126663D0 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2002-01-02 | Oxonica Ltd | Cerium oxide nanoparticles |
| FR2833862B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-21 | 2004-10-15 | Rhodia Elect & Catalysis | Dispersion colloidale organique de particules de fer, son procede de preparation et son utilisation comme adjuvant de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne |
| US6892531B2 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2005-05-17 | Julius J. Rim | System for and methods of operating diesel engines to reduce harmful exhaust emissions and to improve engine lubrication |
| FR2853261B1 (fr) * | 2003-04-04 | 2006-06-30 | Rhodia Elect & Catalysis | Dispersion colloidale d'un compose d'une terre rare comprenant un agent anti-oxydant et son utilisation comme adjuvant de gazole pour moteurs a combustion interne |
| US7615519B2 (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2009-11-10 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Additives and lubricant formulations for improved antiwear properties |
-
2006
- 2006-01-30 FR FR0600838A patent/FR2896824B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-18 CN CN2007800039226A patent/CN101375027B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-18 US US12/162,585 patent/US20090241523A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-01-18 EP EP07703988A patent/EP1989407B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-01-18 DE DE602007005615T patent/DE602007005615D1/de active Active
- 2007-01-18 AT AT07703988T patent/ATE462875T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-01-18 ES ES07703988T patent/ES2343759T3/es active Active
- 2007-01-18 WO PCT/EP2007/050493 patent/WO2007085561A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007085561A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007085561A1 (fr) | 2007-08-02 |
| ES2343759T3 (es) | 2010-08-09 |
| DE602007005615D1 (de) | 2010-05-12 |
| FR2896824B1 (fr) | 2008-03-07 |
| ATE462875T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
| CN101375027B (zh) | 2011-09-07 |
| FR2896824A1 (fr) | 2007-08-03 |
| CN101375027A (zh) | 2009-02-25 |
| EP1989407B1 (fr) | 2010-03-31 |
| US20090241523A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
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