EP1986751A2 - Fire detection system and aircraft equipped with such a system - Google Patents
Fire detection system and aircraft equipped with such a systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP1986751A2 EP1986751A2 EP07731021A EP07731021A EP1986751A2 EP 1986751 A2 EP1986751 A2 EP 1986751A2 EP 07731021 A EP07731021 A EP 07731021A EP 07731021 A EP07731021 A EP 07731021A EP 1986751 A2 EP1986751 A2 EP 1986751A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- detector
- value
- sub
- fire
- electrical quantity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
- A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fire detection system and an aircraft equipped with such a system.
- Fire detection systems typically include a detection unit (or FDU of the English "Fire").
- Detection Unit which receives information from a set of detectors covering an area to be monitored and processes them for transmission to a display module, located in the cockpit of the aircraft in the case of aircraft.
- each detector is thus associated with a particular area of the area and delivers a determined value of an electrical quantity (such as, for example, the resistance formed by the detector in the electrical circuit which connects it to the detection unit) according to the information to be transmitted on the state of the detector: normal operation, failure of the detector or presence of a fire in the area concerned.
- an electrical quantity such as, for example, the resistance formed by the detector in the electrical circuit which connects it to the detection unit
- the different detectors are conventionally connected in parallel to the detection unit, which makes it possible in particular to limit the wiring necessary for the implementation of the function over the entire area to be protected.
- the determination of the detector at the origin of a particular piece of information is nevertheless interesting, not only for the location of the detected fire, but also for precisely and quickly identifying a faulty detector during maintenance.
- the precise determination of the zone where a fire is detected makes it possible to limit the alert situations in the event that the two information channels signal a fire in the same zone (and not when a fire is detected by each channel in any area of the area).
- the invention proposes a fire detection system comprising a detection unit able to measure an electrical quantity between a first and a second terminal, and a first detector connected to the first and second terminals and able to form a first value of the electrical magnitude in a given state of the first detector, characterized by a second detector connected to the first and second terminals and adapted to form a second value of the electrical magnitude in said determined state and a third value of the electrical magnitude in another distinct state said determined state, the first value and the third value being different from the second value.
- the different values of the electrical quantity make it possible to determine, from the detection unit, which detector is in the determined state (ie ie, by which detector the fire has been detected) and thus to precisely locate the corresponding area.
- the switchover between this same second value and the third value also makes it possible to detect a change of state of the second detector.
- the determined state corresponds for example to the detection of a fire by the detector concerned.
- the determined state may be the normal operation of the detector, in which case the detection of a fire may be localized by the location of the detector in normal operation and by deduction.
- the determined state can also correspond to a failure of the detector concerned, in which case the location of the detector facilitates maintenance.
- the first detector is capable of forming a fourth value of the electrical quantity in normal operation and that the second detector is capable of forming the third value of the electrical quantity in normal operation, the third value being different from the fourth value. It can then be provided that the first detector is capable of forming a fifth value of the electrical quantity in case of failure and that the second detector is capable of forming the same fifth value of the electrical quantity in case of failure.
- the second value differs for example from more than 10% of the first value, which makes it possible to distinguish between the values formed by the two detectors.
- the electrical quantity is a resistance
- the detection unit may further have a third terminal and a third detector connected to the third terminal may then form a determined value of the electrical magnitude upon detection of a fire in a third zone.
- the detection unit is able to cyclically measure the electrical quantity at the second terminal and at the third terminal, in order to cyclically monitor the first group of detectors (first and second detectors), then the second group (third detector).
- the third detector can be connected between the third terminal and the first terminal to limit the necessary wiring.
- the combination of the two techniques envisaged to locate the detector concerned (different electrical quantities on the one hand and temporal multiplexing on the other hand), combined with the use of a common ground, makes it possible, moreover, an interesting compromise between the quantity of necessary cabling and the reliability of the information transmitted.
- the invention also proposes, in a manner that is original in itself, a fire detection system comprising a detection unit capable of measuring an electrical quantity, a first detector (or group of detectors) connected to a first terminal of the detector unit.
- detection and adapted to form a value of the electrical quantity in the event of detection of a fire in a first zone characterized by a second detector (or group of detectors) connected to a second terminal of the detection unit and adapted to form a value (possibly identical to that previously mentioned) of the electrical quantity when a fire is detected in a second zone, the detection unit being able to successively and cyclically measure the value of the electrical quantity at the first terminal and at the second terminal.
- FIG. 1 represents a fire detection system incorporating the teachings of the invention
- FIG. 2 represents the equivalent electrical diagram of a detector of FIG. 1 in normal operation
- FIG. 3 represents the equivalent electrical diagram of such a detector in the event of detection of a fire
- Figure 4 shows the equivalent electrical diagram of such a detector in case of failure of the detector.
- the fire detection system shown in FIG. 1 is built on the basis of two redundant channels (or redundant channels) in order, in particular, to improve the detection of a fire, each channel being electrically powered independently for a better safety. of operation.
- each channel will be identified by means of an index, namely the letter "A” for the first channel called “channel A” and the letter “ ⁇ ” for the second channel called “channel B”.
- a detecting unit 2 A (or FDU English "Fire Detection Unif) monitors a set of detectors 11 A, 12 A, 21 A, 22 A associated with an area S to be monitored and transmits an INFO information A representative of the the state of these detectors to a logic module 4, as well as control information L A of an indicator 8 A of a display module 10.
- the detection unit 2 A is for example made by means of a microprocessor.
- the detecting unit 2 A includes a plurality of terminals B0 A, B1, B2 A for connection to the sensors 11 A, 12 A, 21 A, 22 A of the area to monitor S.
- a ground terminal B0 A is electrically connected to all the detectors 11 A , 12 A , 21 A , 22 A of the area S which therefore have a common ground.
- each of the other terminals B1 A , B2 A is connected a plurality of detectors (here precisely two detectors 11 A , 12 A for the terminal B1 A and 21 A , 22 A for the terminal B2 A ) which form an associated group of detectors at this marker.
- the detection unit 2 A comprises means for measuring, successively in time and periodically (that is to say cyclically), the resistance present between the ground terminal B0 A and each of the other terminals B1 A , B2 A , the duration of the measurement of the resistance between two terminals being naturally compatible with the response time of the detectors and with the desired response time for the detection of a fire.
- the detection unit 2 A thus cyclically monitors (for example, according to the instructions of a program implanted in the microprocessor) groups of detectors (a first group of detectors being here constituted by the detector 11 A and the detector 12 A , and a second group of detectors being constituted by the detector 21A and the detector 22A ). Thanks to this time division multiplexing technique, the detection unit 2 A can determine an information (represented here by the resistance measured between the terminals concerned) by group of detectors, which allows a first location of the origin of the information within the area to be monitored S.
- detectors are generally identical in terms of structure, but which return different resistance values for the same information to be transmitted (for example a fire detection information). It will be noted, however, that sensors of two different groups (i.e., differentiated by their connection to at least one terminal of the detection unit) may be identical. There may be provided for example in the case of Figure 1 the sensors 1 and 1A and 21A identical sensors 12 A and 22 A are identical.
- FIG. 2 represents the equivalent electrical diagram of a detector such as those used in FIG. 1 in the event of normal operation (that is to say in the absence of a fault and in the absence of detection of a fire).
- This electrical diagram comprises the parallel association of a first switch Ki and the series combination of a second switch K 2 and a first resistor Ri.
- the equivalent electrical circuit across the detector is formed by the series association of this parallel association and a second resistor R 2 , as clearly visible in FIG.
- the first switch Ki is triggered (here closed) by the detection of a fire in the area concerned (zone Z for the detector 11A).
- the second switch K 2 is triggered (here open) by the detection of a malfunction of the detector.
- the first switch K 1 is thus open and the second switch K 2 is thus closed, so that the detector has a resistance formed by the series combination of the resistors R 1 and R 2 or equivalent resistance Ri + R 2 .
- the first switch Ki closes and bypasses the series association of the first resistance Ri and the second switch K 2 so that the detector forms a resistance equivalent of the order of R 2 , as shown in Figure 3 (and this besides regardless of the position of the second switch K 2 ).
- the first and second switches Ki, K 2 are open so that the detector has a very high resistance, in theory infinite.
- the different detectors of each group that is to say the different detectors connected in parallel on the same two terminals of the detection unit) have different resistances.
- switches 11A, 12A of the same group are connected in parallel, it will be possible to determine precisely which sensor information from (and thus the area affected by it) since the values associated with the same information vary from one detector to another.
- the resistance value measured by the detection unit 2A is presented in the table below in the various situations that can be envisaged, resulting from the parallel connection of the detectors 11A and 12A and taking into account tolerances of +/- 5% over the value resistors Ri and R 2 and the resistance of the wiring by means of a margin of ⁇ 10% on the equivalent resistance value obtained.
- the precise location of the origin of the information among the detectors of the same group is thus achieved, with minimal wiring for the implantation of the connectors of this group.
- the information relating to the status of each detector, obtained by time multiplexing or the differentiation of the detectors by means of the different resistances that they form, are transmitted to the logic module 4, for example in the form of an INFOA coded binary word.
- the codeword INFO represents the state of the various sensors 11 A, 12 A, 21 A, 22 A.
- the detection unit 2 A communicates to the logic module 4 only information relating to the group of sensors being monitored, so that the logic module 4 would receive information on the different groups of sensors by time multiplexing.
- the logic module 4 also receives INFOB information from the B-channel and combines the information received in order to obtain and transmit to a computer management system 6 of the aircraft reliable information relating to the possible detection of fire. in the different zones Z of the monitored area S.
- the detection unit 2 A can also control the lighting of an 8 A warning light when a fire is detected in any of the zones Z of the area to be monitored S.
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0650657A FR2897968B1 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2006-02-24 | FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM AND AIRCRAFT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A SYSTEM |
| PCT/FR2007/000314 WO2007096523A2 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-02-21 | Fire detection system and aircraft equipped with such a system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1986751A2 true EP1986751A2 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
| EP1986751B1 EP1986751B1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
Family
ID=37102529
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07731021.7A Not-in-force EP1986751B1 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-02-21 | Fire detection system and aircraft equipped with such a system |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8094030B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1986751B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5507850B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101389381B (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0707012A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2643236C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2897968B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2008137964A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007096523A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102176269A (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-09-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Alarm logical designing method for airplane engine cabin fire alarm detecting system |
| CN104968442B (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2017-06-06 | 苏舍米克斯帕克有限公司 | Distributing equipment |
| WO2014134617A1 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-09-04 | Synata, Inc. | Methods and systems for searching enterprise data |
| RU2626716C1 (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-07-31 | Акционерное общество "Уфимское научно-производственное предприятие "Молния" | Method for fire or overheat detection, and device for its implementation |
| JP7747469B2 (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2025-10-01 | 能美防災株式会社 | Alarm systems and alarm transmission devices |
Family Cites Families (27)
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| US3641552A (en) * | 1970-02-18 | 1972-02-08 | Int Assemblix Corp | Centrally located access alarm system |
| ZA71780B (en) * | 1970-03-31 | 1971-10-27 | Nittan Co Ltd | Fire alarming system |
| SU415684A1 (en) | 1971-04-14 | 1974-02-15 | ||
| JPS542699A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1979-01-10 | Hitachi Ltd | Automatic individual fire alarm |
| US4414539A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1983-11-08 | The Boeing Company | Built-in passive fault detection circuitry for an aircraft's electrical/electronic systems |
| US4218677A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-08-19 | Potter Electric Signal Co. | Detecting loop digital interface circuitry |
| US4287515A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1981-09-01 | Baker Industries, Inc. | Fire detection system with multiple output signals |
| JPS57193894A (en) * | 1981-05-22 | 1982-11-29 | Nippon Signal Co Ltd | Abnormal point detection system |
| JPS585896A (en) | 1981-07-02 | 1983-01-13 | 能美防災工業株式会社 | Fire alarm facility |
| JPS5866481U (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1983-05-06 | 日立造船株式会社 | Onboard fire alarm system |
| JPS5885285U (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1983-06-09 | ホーチキ株式会社 | scanning device |
| GB2114341B (en) | 1982-01-30 | 1985-04-11 | Ferranti Ltd | Monitoring system |
| GB2117150B (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1986-03-19 | Morrison John M | Intruder alarm system |
| SE8202566L (en) * | 1982-04-23 | 1983-10-24 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR IDENTIFYING AN ALARMING DETECTOR IN A CIRCUIT WITH A PRESET NUMBER OF PARALLEL CONNECTED DETECTORS |
| US4524349A (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1985-06-18 | Nel-Tech Development, Inc. | Security system having detector sensing and identification |
| JPS59174018A (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1984-10-02 | Nippon Gakki Seizo Kk | Digital/analog converting circuit |
| GB2138187B (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1986-09-10 | Morrison John M | Burglar alarm system |
| JPH0624954Y2 (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1994-06-29 | ホーチキ株式会社 | Fire alarm line designation device |
| FR2601483B1 (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-09-16 | Ferco Int Usine Ferrures | MONITORING INSTALLATION COMPRISING SENSORS SUPPLIED BY A LOOP |
| US4847719A (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1989-07-11 | Cook Max W | Apparatus and method for protecting the contacts of an electrical switch from current surges |
| SU1647616A1 (en) | 1988-08-02 | 1991-05-07 | Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро Средств Неразрушающего Контроля | Device for detecting flame inside flying vehicle |
| US4939511A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-07-03 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | DC bus for discrete signals |
| GB2286735B (en) * | 1994-02-05 | 1998-03-04 | Thorn Security | A monitoring system |
| GB2321747B (en) | 1997-01-30 | 2000-10-18 | Rafiki Protection Limited | Alarm system |
| JPH10289392A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1998-10-27 | Yamato Protec Co | Disaster prevention monitoring system |
| CN2543152Y (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-04-02 | 黄世旺 | Automatic detector for state of alarm sensor cable |
| ATE362156T1 (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2007-06-15 | Cooper Lighting And Security L | FIRE ALARM |
-
2006
- 2006-02-24 FR FR0650657A patent/FR2897968B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-02-21 WO PCT/FR2007/000314 patent/WO2007096523A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-02-21 CA CA2643236A patent/CA2643236C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-21 US US12/280,358 patent/US8094030B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-21 CN CN2007800063969A patent/CN101389381B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-21 RU RU2008137964/11A patent/RU2008137964A/en unknown
- 2007-02-21 JP JP2008555837A patent/JP5507850B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-21 EP EP07731021.7A patent/EP1986751B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-02-21 BR BRPI0707012-8A patent/BRPI0707012A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007096523A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007096523A3 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
| FR2897968B1 (en) | 2008-11-21 |
| CA2643236C (en) | 2014-07-22 |
| CN101389381A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
| EP1986751B1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CA2643236A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
| US8094030B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 |
| US20090251322A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
| JP5507850B2 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
| FR2897968A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 |
| CN101389381B (en) | 2012-12-26 |
| BRPI0707012A2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
| JP2009527834A (en) | 2009-07-30 |
| WO2007096523A2 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
| RU2008137964A (en) | 2010-03-27 |
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