EP1984932A1

EP1984932A1 - Key transfer switch system and method

Info

Publication number: EP1984932A1
Application number: EP07702910A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Frank Arthur Aartsen
Original assignee: Dold Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH
Current assignee: Dold Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH
Priority date: 2006-02-14
Filing date: 2007-01-20
Publication date: 2008-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2027-01-20
Also published as: EP1984932B1; DE102006006949B4; WO2007093268A1; DE502007003140D1; DE102006006949A1

Abstract

A key transfer switch system has a safety device which has a switch device with at least one switching element and an actuating device with an associated actuator. In this case, a transmission element is arranged between the actuating device and the switch device and can be coupled, firstly, to the switching element and, secondly, to the actuator (12). The transmission element is essentially formed by a transmission shaft as the main spindle (26) with an actuating region and with a switching region or switching end, the actuating region or end of which is connected to a device (2) for converting a translatory movement of the actuator (12) into a rotary movement of the main spindle (26), wherein the main spindle (26) is forcibly driven in both directions of rotation.

Description

Key transfer switch system and method

The invention relates to a key transfer switch system with a safety device having a switch device with at least one electrical or pneumatic or mechanical or hydraulic switching element and an actuator with an associated actuator, wherein a transmission element between the actuator and the switch device is provided, on the one hand with the Switching element and on the other hand can be coupled with the actuator. It is thus a safety device for at least one separating protective device or locking device, or a device for condition monitoring of a protective device of a machine or system, in particular key transfer systems, safety switches or derived mixed forms or the like, for monitoring the safe state of machinery, equipment or the like.

From DE 199 57 213 C1, a device for switching an electrical connection as a function of the state of a protective device is known as part of a safety switch. This device has a switch housing and a switch head with one or two insertion openings for an actuator.

Switch and key transfer systems are used in industrial production as safety devices. They serve to protect people who operate dangerous machines. A key advantage of key transfer systems is the low wiring costs and the good resistance to environmental influences. Due to the nature of the structure, a specific sequence of actions can be enforced in key transfer systems, which is not possible in this form with safety switches.

In general, safety switches, as described in the product standard DIN-EN1088, have the disadvantage of not being sufficiently mechanically stable. Malfunctions are often caused by water penetration, damage by misalignment and normal wear. In the previously known systems, each switch must be wired and, depending on the safety category, evaluated separately. Securing with safety switches is therefore complicated and expensive.

Key transfer systems, as described in DIN-EN1088, have the disadvantage of being less flexible. A built-up system can hardly be reconfigured at a later date.

In contrast to safety switch systems, key transfer systems react with a considerable time delay. Another disadvantage of key transfer systems is the increased operator effort.

Object of the present invention is to provide a key transfer switch system of the type mentioned above, which has a high reliability, easily adaptable to different requirements and thereby also expandable. In addition, the structural design of the key transfer switch system should be simple and feasible using fewer parts. To solve this problem, it is proposed that in a device of the type mentioned, the transmission element between the actuator and the switch device is essentially formed by a transmission shaft as the main axis with an operating range and with a switching range or end whose operating range or end to a device is connected for converting a translational movement of the actuator in a rotational movement of the transmission shaft and that the transmission shaft is forcibly driven in both directions of rotation.

A transmission shaft as the main axis has among others the

Advantage that with a rotary bearing a higher functional reliability is available than with sliding bearings, as these

Drehlagerung among other less prone to jam.

In addition, the reliability of a wave as

Transmission element even given at play.

Due to the zwangssbetätigte, that is driven in both directions by an actuator transmission shaft is on the one hand no

Spring required for a provision and on the other hand, this also ensures the return movement and thus a lower susceptibility to interference exists.

Conveniently, the device has an insertion point for insertion and removal of the actuator and for converting the translational movement of the actuator in a rotational movement of the transmission shaft driven by the actuator in a male or female movement, preferably a cam mechanism with at least one cam or cam, which has a coupled via an engaging member with the transmission shaft drive curve. This constructive design reduces wear and thus contributes to the extension of the service life.

Common competitive solutions are usually a disc ramming solution. In this case, a cam disk rotates on a plunger head and thus moves the plunger into an end position. The plunger head is always exposed to high wear. The wear can lead to functional impairment or even failure of a system.

Conveniently, the cam gear has at least one cam with an open-edge actuating opening for engaging the actuator and a slot-shaped drive curve for the connected to the transmission shaft engaging member. As a result, a force-actuated drive transmission is formed between the actuator and the transmission shaft.

It is particularly advantageous if two cam disks, which are preferably arranged in parallel and are rotatable by an actuator, are provided, which are drivable simultaneously by an actuator and coupled to the transmission shaft via separate engagement members.

The use of two cams 20a and 20b increases safety through mechanical redundancy. If a cam disk fails, the basic function is taken over by the second cam disk.

Advantageously, a locking device for locking the cam or the like gear element is provided with the actuator removed. In this way, a rotary movement without inserted operating element (actuator or key) is prevented. Even in the actuated state, where the cams are in their final position, the main axis is blocked to prevent external axial force from causing unwanted axial rotation of the main axis.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the switch means and the actuator and optionally further actuators or similar functional devices are designed as modules and each have connections for releasably connecting with each other and each in mounting position aligned and via coupling elements of a clutch releasably connectable to each other partial transmission waves ,

Optionally, a plurality of actuator modules may be provided in optionally different embodiments, for example key modules with a key as an actuator and / or padlock modules with a non-removable key as an actuator.

Except actuator modules in different embodiments and switch modules and locking modules can be provided with at least one actuator and with a locking system.

In order to be able to combine a series of more than two individual modules, the actuator module is designed as an intermediate module with transmission shaft accessible on both sides on two opposite sides of the module and coupling elements located there, as well as with connections for further modules.

The functions of the individual modules are independent of those of the other modules. The overall function is only defined by the assembly into a system.

As a result, the system according to the invention can be adapted to the various application-specific requirements. Best- The present systems can be modified in a simple manner.

Due to its modular design, this system is very flexible and can be optimally adapted to the respective requirements, whereby many different combination options exist. By replacing, regrouping or adding further modules, this system can also be changed later.

In order to be able to couple the individual modules with respect to the drive movement, the respective transmission shaft extends from one connection side to the opposite one and has coupling elements at both ends.

For a secure connection of the modules with each other, the connections of the modules are designed as special bayonet locks.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the bayonet lock on the modules each bayonet rings with bayonet grooves and a separate bayonet ring with inside projecting bayonet cams.

With the help of the bayonet ring, a lower bayonet rim and an upper bayonet rim are pulled together and held together.

Conveniently, the terminals of the modules for mounting in different rotational positions of the modules, preferably formed at least in four by about 90 ° to each other rotated mounting positions. In the case of a rectangular shape, the modules can be extended by approx. 90 °; about 180 ° or about 270 ° are rotated against each other. In the assembled state then the outer surfaces of the modules and the bayonet ring are parallel to each other. In the previously known systems, the switch head and the switch housing are connected with screws. This system greatly limits variability and is therefore not customer friendly. It does not allow a variable structure of a system and prevents subsequent expansion by further modules.

Also on the market are systems based on bayonet locks. However, only two parts are rotated against each other. These designs have only a low stability. Furthermore, there is a risk that the bayonet lock dissolves and leads to a dangerous failure.

According to a development of the invention, the actuating device can be designed as a key module, wherein the actuator is a socket wrench.

The use of a key as an actuator provides increased safety in order to force certain courses of action when accessing dangerous machines and systems.

The use of a socket wrench has the advantage over the key principle that complicated, subject to relatively high wear mechanisms such as plunger, bolts, washers or pins, which in turn trigger other functions, can be avoided.

In addition, socket wrenches have a lower susceptibility to contamination.

The key for the key module preferably has an actuating section, a coding section and a handle section.

This key can be inserted in a linear movement with its operating section in the lock and with The key is checked in the subsequent coding section or coding mechanism. If it is a wrong key, the coding system blocks the key. This system is simple, yet very stable, not sensitive to contamination and very safe against external manipulation. The key shape also offers ergonomic benefits.

According to a development of the invention, the coupling elements of the approximately aligned transmission shafts of the individual modules are each part of a dog clutch, wherein the coupling elements have axially projecting, interlocking claws. Claw clutches can be used to unlock or block the functions of adjacent modules.

A particular embodiment of the dog clutch provides that the claws of the coupling elements are formed segment-shaped with radially oriented side edges and that the circumferential extent of all segments of a coupling element together is approximately equal (switch module) or smaller than 180 °.

If the circumferential extent of all segments of a coupling element together is approximately equal to 180 °, so there is virtually no transmission clearance for the same, engaging therein coupling elements. This is provided when coupled with a switch module. However, if the circumferential extent of all segments of a coupling element together is less than 180 °, there is a transmission clearance, because there is a free space between the segments. This can be used in the following functional sequence: In the case of a combination of actuator module, key module and switch module, the actuator of the actuator module is firstly not introduced into it, that is to say a door to be monitored connected to the actuator is open. The key of the key module is also removed. In the switch module, the safety switches are opened in this state. Now the door to be monitored is closed, the actuator is inserted into the actuator module. Within the actuator module, the main axis rotates in the manner described, thereby releasing the function of the underlying key module. The main axis of the key module is not yet moved because of the free space between the coupling segments. Only after the actuator is in its end position, the key can be plugged into the key module. By pushing the key into the key module, the main axis of the key module is also rotated counterclockwise by, for example, 30 °. Since there is no clearance between the jaws of the key module and the switch module, this rotation is used in the switch module to close the electrical circuits.

A deviating sequence of actions is not possible. Thus, e.g. the key can not be inserted into the key module if the door is not yet closed or if the actuator is not yet plugged into the actuator module.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the claws of the coupling elements extend in the radial direction over an outer portion of the end face of the transmission shaft and are formed approximately frusto-conical. The middle area remains free. By this training, a self-centering effect is present, so that additional bearings are not required.

Additional embodiments of the invention are set forth in the further subclaims. The invention with its essential details is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

It shows:

1 shows a functional unit with an actuator module, a key module and a switch module,

2 shows a coupling region between main axes of a key module and a switch module,

3 is a sectional view taken along the section line B-B in Figure 2,

4 shows a perspective view of the functional parts belonging to a device for converting a translatory movement of an actuator into a rotational movement of a transmission shaft,

Fig. 5 to

FIG. 8 shows different views or functional layers of the device shown in FIG. 4, FIG.

9 shows a perspective view of a function module formed by an actuator module,

10 is a perspective view of a module base housing, Fig. 1 1 and

12 side views of cams,

13 is a perspective view of an actuator,

14 is a perspective view of a connection side of a module with a bayonet ring,

15 is a perspective view of a bayonet ring,

16 shows a perspective view of a connection side of a module to be connected to the module according to FIG. 14 with a bayonet rim, FIG.

Fig. 17 and

18 shows the parts shown in Figures 14 to 16 in a different perspective,

19 shows a functional unit with an actuator module, an intermediate actuator module, a padlock module, a key module and an end module,

20 is a perspective view of a main axis,

Fig. 21 to

FIG. 23 shows different side views of the main axis shown in FIG. 20, FIG.

Fig. 24 and

25 shows the functional parts of two modules coupled to each other via a dog clutch, 26 is a sectional view in the region of a dog clutch according to the section line CC in Fig.25,

FIG. 27 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but with the actuator and key removed; FIG.

28 is a locking module in the open state,

29 is a switching axis with switching arms,

30 is a perspective view of a locking element,

31 is a sectional view of a portion of a switch and tumbler module in the unlocked state corresponding to the section line D-D in Fig. 41,

FIG. 32 is an end view of that shown in FIG. 28. FIG

Switch and locking module,

33 is a sectional view of a portion of a switch and locking module in locked position corresponding to the section line G-G in Fig. 44,

Fig. 34 and

35 shows perspective views of a switch housing with a view of the connection end with bayonet rim,

36 is a sectional view of the switch and locking module according to the section line L-L in Fig.28,

Fig. 37 and Fig. 42 and FIG. 43 shows different side views of the switch and locking module, FIG.

38 is a cross-sectional view of the switch and restraint module according to the section line H-H in FIG. 37 in the unlocked state, FIG.

39 is a cross-sectional view of the switch and locking module according to the section line A-A in Fig. 37,

40 is a cross-sectional view of the switch and restraint module according to the section line H-H in FIG. 37 in the locked state, FIG.

41 is a cross-sectional view of the switch and locking module according to the section line C-C in Fig. 42,

44 is a cross-sectional view of the switch and locking module according to the section line F-F in Fig. 43,

Fig. 45 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 40, but here with a lock in a second

Rotational axis position corresponding to the section line C-C in Fig. 47,

FIG. 46 is a perspective view corresponding to FIG. 45, but perspective here, FIG.

47 shows a switch and locking module in the open state, Fig. 48, 49 as well

57 shows different views of a key,

50 is a perspective view of a coding,

51 is a partial sectional view of a key housing with a coding and a key,

52 is a view of a key housing,

53 shows a further partial sectional view of a key housing with a coding element and a key corresponding to the detail marked X in FIG. 54, FIG.

54 is a sectional view of a functional module with a key housing,

FIG. 55 is a side view of the functional module shown in FIG. 54; FIG.

56 is a plan view of the functional module shown in FIG. 55;

Fig. 58 is a perspective view of a key housing with partially inserted key and

FIG. 59 is an enlarged view of FIG. 58

Key housing with key.

A functional unit 1 shown in FIG. 1 may be part of a safety device for at least one separating protective device or locking device, or one Device for monitoring the condition of a protective device of a machine or plant. In particular, part of a key transfer system or safety switch or derived hybrids. It thus serves to monitor the safe state of machines, installations or the like and has in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, from top to bottom, an actuator module 10, a key module 15 and a switch module 63. To the actuator module 10 includes an actuator 12 and the key module 15 a key 17. In Fig. 1, the actuator 12 and the key 17 are inserted into corresponding openings of the two modules. The actuator 12 is connected, for example, with a door, not shown here, to be monitored. The same functional unit 1 is also shown in Fig. 27, wherein there the actuator 12 is not inserted into the actuator module 10, that is, the door to be monitored is open. The key 17 is also removed.

The internal structure of an actuator module 10 can be removed in particular from FIGS. 4 to 13.

The actuator module 10 has a module base housing 25 (FIGS. 9 and 10) in which a transmission shaft is mounted as the main axis 26. The main shaft 26 has an operation range and a shift range or a shift end whose operating range or end is connected to a device 2 for translating the actuator 12 into a rotational movement of the transfer shaft (main axis 26), the transfer shaft being in both rotational directions forcibly driven.

The device 2 has an insertion point with an insertion opening 19 (Fig.19) for the insertion and removal of the Actuator 12 and for converting the translational movement of the actuator in a rotational movement of the transmission shaft one of the actuator 12 in a male or removable movement drivable transmission, preferably a cam mechanism 3 with two cams 20 a, 20 b, which has a formed by arms 28 engaging member with the transmission shaft 26 has coupled drive curves 29a, 29b.

The cams 20a, 20b (FIGS. 4 to 8 and 10 to 12) are set into rotary motion by the actuator 12 (FIG. 13). For this purpose, the cams have actuator claws 21 for a horizontally inserted actuator 12 and the actuator claws 22 for a vertically inserted actuator 12a. The actuator 12 (also visible in Figure 4) engages with its two actuator cam 23 in the respective actuator jaws 21 and 22 and offset the two cams 20a and 20b in a rotational movement about the axis 24. The axis 24 is mounted in the module base housing 25 , Between the two cams 20a and 20b, the main axis 26 in the module base housing 25 and module cover 27 is mounted. With the two arms 28, the main axis 26 engages in the two cams 20a and 20b. With the rotational movement of the two cams 20a and 20b, the main axis 26 is also set in an axial rotational movement via the two arms 28. Corresponding to the curves 29a and 29b, the rotational movement of the main axis 26 is limited to approximately 30 °. In this case, an arm 28 oppressive, while the other arm 28 acts pulling, so a forced in both directions of rotation transmission is formed.

In the actuated state (Figure 5 and Figure 7) are the cams 20a and 20b in their final position. The arms 28 are located on the blocking surfaces 30a, 30b (Fig.5) and 31a and 31b (Figure 7) of the cams 20a and 20b and so block the main axis 26. This prevents unwanted rotational movement of the main axis 26. If a torque is exerted on the main axis 26 in this state, the rotational movement is prevented by the blocking surfaces 30a, 30b, 31a and 31b. The forces occurring are passed through the cams 20a and 20b on the axis 24 and in the module base housing 25. Due to this blocking function, only approved elements such as an actuator 12, a key 17, or a padlock slider 32 can cause the major axis 24 to rotate.

The mirrored installation of the two cams 20a and 20b, the direction of the rotational movement can be changed.

The use of two cams 20a and 20b increases safety through mechanical redundancy. If a cam disk fails, the basic function is taken over by the second cam disk. The structural design reduces wear and thus contributes to extending the service life.

The system according to the invention also offers ergonomic advantages, since, for example, in the case of a key module 15, the key 17 can simply be pulled or pushed due to the structure described. Commercially available solutions work here with one Rotation key system. In these cases, a key must be inserted or pulled and rotated.

In order to avoid dangers of any kind, care must be taken that the cams 20a and 20b can only be moved with approved controls (e.g., actuator 12).

In order to prevent certain functions from being triggered by improper handling, many prior art solutions have become established on the market, but they are all very complex and / or expensive. The high complexity leads not only to the high production costs but also to a high susceptibility to faults.

The solution according to the invention provides for a locking of the cams. In this case, a compression spring is installed on the axle 24, in each case between the module base housing 25 and the cam disk 20a or 20b. In the unactuated state Fig.62 these springs push the cams 20a and 20b towards the main axis. In this case, the locking pin 33 (Fig.20 / 22) engages in the locking opening 34 (Fig.5, 7, 11, 12) of the respective cam. In this way, the cams 20a and 20b block the rotational movement of the main axis 26th

When the actuator 12 is removed, the cams 20a and 20b move in the direction of the arrow 35 (FIGS. 5) and 36 (FIG. 7) up to their end position FIG. In the end position Fig.67 are the locking holes 34 against locking pin 33 (also visible in Figure 5)). When the end position Fig.67 has been reached, the operating element (actuator, key, etc.) is released. About the tapered surfaces 97 of the operating element (actuator 12) and due to the spring pressure force the cams (20 a and 20 b) are moved to the main axis 26, where the locking holes 34 engage in the locking pins 33. In this way, a rotary movement without inserted operating element (actuator or key) is prevented.

The operations during insertion of the actuator are explained in more detail in Figures 60 to 68.

The actuator 12 is moved in the direction of the cams 20a and 20b. After the actuator 12 has contacted the cams 20a and 20b, they slide along the beveled surfaces of the actuator 12 on the axle 24 against the spring pressure

(Spring not shown) to the outside. This will be the

Arresting 37 canceled. The cams 20a and 20b can now rotate about the axis 24. In this case, as described above, the main axis 26 is rotated by the corresponding angle.

Together with the blocking surfaces 30a, 30b, 31a and 31b, the lock 37 forms a redundant locking system.

For constructing a functional unit 1 (Fig.1; 27) and 1a (Fig.19) consisting of several modules, these are assembled with the aid of bayonet locks.

For this purpose, each module has an upper bayonet 38 and a lower bayonet 39. With the help of the bayonet ring 13, a lower bayonet ring 39 and an upper bayonet rim 38 are pulled together and held together.

In the previously known systems, the switch head and the switch housing are connected with screws. This system greatly limits variability and is therefore not customer friendly. It does not allow a variable structure of a system and prevents subsequent expansion by further modules. Also on the market are systems based on bayonet locks. However, only two parts are rotated against each other. These designs have only a low stability. Furthermore, there is a risk that the bayonet lock dissolves and leads to a dangerous failure.

The bayonet closure 5 according to the invention is i.a. shown in Figures 14 to 18. The described bayonet lock 5 essentially consists of three parts: the upper bayonet rim 38, the bayonet ring 13 and the lower bayonet rim 39.

In the upper bayonet 38 a tapered, rectangular recess 40 is included. The also tapered, rectangular increase 41 of the lower bayonet 39 fits into the recess 40 without play. Within the bayonet rings 38 and 39, the main axes 26 are mounted. In the round bayonet rings 38 and 39, the grooves 42 and 43 are included. The bayonet grooves 42 and 43 have an insertion 44 and 45, a slanted groove portion 46 and 47 and a horizontal locking portion 48 and

49 on.

In these grooves, the bayonet cams protrude when assembled

50 into it.

Assembly Description:

The bayonet ring 13 is attached to the lower bayonet rim 39 so that the bayonet cams 51 dip into the corresponding bayonet grooves 43. In this state, the bayonet ring 13 is rotated by approximately 45 ° relative to the associated module 52. When placing the second module 53 with the upper bayonet rim 38, the rectangular elevation 41 dips into the matching, rectangular recess 40. At the same time, if the bayonet cams 50 into the grooves 42 inside. With a rotational movement of the bayonet ring 13 by about 45 °, the bayonet cams slide 50 and 51 along the respective Nutenflächen along in its final position. In this case, the two modules 53 and 52 are contracted. An inserted O-ring 54 in the O-ring groove 55 of the lower bayonet 39 ensures a certain bias. Due to the rectangular shape 41 and 40, the modules 53 and 52 by about 0 °; about 90 °; about 180 ° or about 270 ° are rotated against each other. In the assembled state, the outer surfaces of the modules 53 and 52 and the bayonet ring 13 are parallel to each other. The bayonet ring 13 can always be mounted so that its mounting holes 56 can be used to mount the overall structure on a mounting surface (FIG. 19).

Depending on the desired overall function within a structure e.g. As shown in Fig. 19, the functions of adjacent modules must be enabled or disabled. For this purpose, coupling elements (Fig.24) are provided on the approximately aligned transmission shafts of the individual modules, which are each part of a dog clutch 4, wherein the coupling elements axially projecting, interlocking claws 59a, 59b have.

The claws of the coupling elements are segment-shaped with radially oriented side edges, wherein the circumferential extent of all segments of a coupling element is equal to or less than 180 ° (see Fig .. 20 to 23).

Optionally, this rotational clearance between the individual, intermeshing coupling elements is present or in a modified embodiment, the dog clutch the Transfer rotational movement backlash and thus trigger other functions. (See also Fig. 2 and 3).

The main axis 26 is rotatably mounted in the module base housing 25 and in the module cover 27. The rotational movement is limited augrund the described structure to about 30 °. The axial movement of the main axis 26 is prevented by shoulders 58. At both ends, the main axis 26 is provided with four claws 59a, 59b. The upper jaws 59a are offset from the lower jaws 59b by approximately 30 °. The claws 59a and 59b have an angle a of about 30 ° (Fig.23). When two modules are plugged together, the claws 59b and 59a of the main axes involved enter the respective intermediate spaces. There are always two surfaces of the claws 59b and 59a to each other (Pos.57 in Fig.26).

If e.g. introduced into the module 60 (Fig.24, 25) an actuator rotates the main axis 26 in the manner already described, counterclockwise about 30 °. This rotational movement is possible because on one side between the two jaws 59a and 59b, a clearance 61 of about 30 ° is present.

On the other hand, it is not possible to insert an actuator into the module 62, since there is no clearance on the other side between the claw 59a and 59b.

As already described above, the functional unit 1 according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 27 has an actuator module 10, a key module 15 and a switch module 63. In the illustrated state, the actuator 12 is not inserted into the actuator module 10, i. the door to be monitored is open. The key 17 is also removed.

In the switch module 63 (FIG. 28), the safety switches are opened in this state. Now the door to be monitored is closed, the actuator 12 is inserted into the actuator module 10. Within the actuator module 10, the main axis rotates in the described manner, thereby releasing the function of the key module 15 below. The main axis of the key module is not moved yet. Only after the actuator 12 is in its end position, the key 17 can be inserted into the key module 15. By inserting the key 17 into the key module 15, the main axis of the key module 15 is also rotated by approximately 30 ° in the counterclockwise direction. Since the jaws 59a of the switch module 63 have a width of about 60 °, this rotational movement is used in the switch module 63 for closing the electrical circuits. A deviating sequence of actions is not possible.

Thus, e.g. the key 17 can not be inserted into the key module 15 when the door or actuator 12 is not yet plugged into the actuator module 10.

Within the switch and locking modules (Fig.28 to 44) are switching elements which may be part of safety circuits. In case of an unsafe condition, e.g. a protective door has been opened, these switching elements are also opened, thus interrupting the safety circuits.

Locking modules are in addition to the switching elements still equipped with a locking system. This locking system prevents inadvertent reconnection of the safety circuit. The position of the locking system is monitored separately.

For mounting with other modules, the switch and locking modules are provided with a bayonet ring 39. In the bayonet ring 39, the switching axis 64 (Fig.29) is guided. The claws 59a of the switching axis 64 have a width of about 60 ° (Fig.32). Therefore, there is no freewheel between the jaws of a switch or locking module 63 and the claws of a module 15 mounted above (FIG. 27). Therefore, a rotational movement of the main axis (eg of the key module 15) is converted directly into a rotational movement of the main axis of the switching or tumbler module 63. The switching axis 64 is provided with two switching arms 65. The switching arms 65 act via a switching spring 66 directly on the shift lever 67 of electrical switching elements 68, which are opened or closed depending on the rotational movement. The electrical switching elements 68 are soldered to a printed circuit board 69 (Fig.28, 47).

Usually, the electrical switching elements are actuated via a plunger mechanism. However, this requires a, to the motherboard, vertical arrangement of the electrical switching elements, i. a second circuit board is required. Especially the vertical circuit board assembly is associated with high production costs and therefore very expensive.

The system according to the invention is advantageous because it has only one printed circuit board 69, thus eliminating complex assembly work and due to the simpler construction, the possible sources of error are reduced to a minimum.

The switching axis 64 is provided with two switching arms 65. Both switching arms can be used to operate electrical switching elements.

In a switch or tumbler module 63, the electrical switching elements 70 and 71 may be included. The arrangement of two switching arms 65 allows different switching states of the electrical switching elements 70 and 71. In Figure 28, for example, the electrical switching elements 70 are not actuated, while the electrical switching element 71 is shown actuated.

Example:

The switch module 63 is connected to an actuator module 10.

The actuator 12 is mounted on a hood.

When opening the hood, the actuator is moved out of the actuator module 10. The main axis of the actuator module (as described above) rotates by approx. 30 °. This rotational movement is implemented in the switching module in a switching movement and the electrical switching elements are closed or opened. The switching elements in turn close or open certain circuits and is thus linked to other functions.

Commercially available switch or locking modules consist of the two parts housing and head element. The head element is usually fastened by screwing on the housing element.

At high loads, it may therefore come to leave the head element. For this reason, commercially available Schalterbzw. Locking modules can not be used as a (door) stop.

In case of forcible damage of an assembly such as e.g. shown in Fig. 27, it is of paramount importance that the electrical switching elements 70 and 71 (Fig.28) are brought into a defined state. Only then is it possible to detect a fault and possibly avoid dangerous machine conditions.

The electrical switching elements 70 and 71 are in the manner already described on the switching arms 65 and over Switching axis 64 of the main axis of the module mounted above it (eg, a key module 15 as shown in Figure 7) actuated.

In order to avert danger to humans and machines, the tearing of the key module 15 is electrically detected and registered in connected safety circuits and evaluated.

According to the invention this object is achieved by means of a switch spring 66 (Fig.36). In the event of failure or forcible removal of the module (for example a key module 15) connected to a switch or locking module 63, the switching axis 64 is moved by the switch spring 66 via the switching arms 65 into a defined starting position. Here, the electrical switching elements 70 and 71 assume a predetermined switching position. This switching position can be evaluated electrically. The safety circuits connected to the electrical switching elements 70 and 71 provide with their other functions for the electrical safety and the fault message.

As long as secure access to a danger zone is not possible, all accesses must be blocked. Only when the system control If the standstill signal is given, access may be allowed. In a locking module while pulling out an actuator (opening the protective door) is blocked by an electromechanical structure. Only the corresponding system signal can cancel this blocking and so ultimately opening a door o.a. allow.

Usually, in the prior art with the aid of a (lifting) magnet, a bolt or cam disc is blocked again prevent removal of the actuator (eg open the door).

The disadvantage here is the complicated mechanical structure, which leads to high assembly costs and high susceptibility to interference, and causes a relatively high wear.

Even with existing standstill signal system control it is possible with these locking systems only with great effort to open a live door. A door bias may e.g. caused by delay or by inserted rubber seals.

To avoid these disadvantages, the locking system according to the invention is constructed as follows: The switching axis 64 (Fig.33) is freely rotatably mounted in the bore 72. The switching axis 64 is provided with two transverse bores 73 and a longitudinal bore 72. In the two transverse bores 73 a locking ball 74 is guided in each case. In the assembled state, the switching axis 64 is inserted into the bore 75.

The fixation of the switching axis 64 in the switch housing 76 takes over the locking element 77 (Fig.30). The locking member 77 is provided with the two grooves 78. It is firmly screwed to the switch housing 76. In the longitudinal bore 72 of the switching axis 94 dips an axially movable locking ram 79 a. Depending on the position of the locking plunger 79, the two locking balls 74 are moved from an inner position 2 (FIG. 31) to an outer position 1 (FIG. As a function of the switching axis position, the locking balls 74 strike the locking element inner wall 80 (FIGS. 30, 33) or the grooves 78. If the locking balls 74 strike the locking element inner wall 80, the locking ram 79 can not engage in dive into its final position - the system can not be locked in this case.

On the other hand, if the locking balls 74 hit the grooves 78, the locking ram 79 can dip into its end position (FIG. 33) and thus block the rotational movement of the switching axis 64. To unlock only the locking plunger 79 has to be pulled back to position 2 (Fig.31). This construction also allows the unlocking of the indexing axis 64 under the action of a torque (e.g., caused by a live door).

Only in the unlocked state of Fig. 31 is a module (e.g., a key module 15) attached to the locking module (e.g., Fig. 27) operable. The locking ram 79 may e.g. be actuated by a solenoid 81.

The position of the lifting rod 82 of the lifting magnet 81 can be monitored separately electrically.

In this way, both the position of the switching axis 64 and the switching state of the solenoid 81 can be monitored and evaluated in a safety circuit.

Depending on the requirements, the locking system can be designed according to the working or the closed-circuit principle. In the quiescent current principle, the locking plunger 79 is in position 1 (Fig.33). The switching axis 64 is locked and can not be rotated. To unlock the solenoid 81 must be energized. In this case, the locking plunger 79 is retracted to the position 2 (Fig.31). In this state, the lock is released and the switching axis 64 can be rotated. This also makes the attached module (e.g., the key module 15) functional.

The working current principle is the inverse of the quiescent current principle. In this case, the energization of the solenoid 81 is required for the lock. In the de-energized state is the Solenoid 81 in its end position and the locking plunger 79 is in position 2 (Fig.31).

In practice, the quiescent current principle is predominantly used. Even in the event of a power failure, the system remains locked, preventing dangerous conditions. The high thermal load of the solenoid is also reduced by the quiescent current principle.

If a second rotational position of the indexing axis 64 is to be locked, further grooves 83 are required in the locking element 77 in addition to the grooves 78 (FIGS. 45, 46). The locking of this second rotational axis position takes place in the manner already described.

To endanger certain sequences of actions when entering

To force machines and plants, u.a. Key modules required. They enable the construction of key transfer systems.

The key transfer systems known today work according to the key principle. A key is put in a lock. Only when the right key is used can it be completely inserted into the lock. With the subsequent rotary movement of the key, plungers, bolts, washers or pins are moved via complicated mechanisms, which in turn trigger further functions. A disadvantage of these systems is the relatively high wear and the high susceptibility to contamination. The complex mechanics leads to further disadvantages in the production and the susceptibility to failure.

The key module described here works according to the socket key principle. While the key is in a linear movement is inserted into the lock, the key is checked via a coding mechanism. If it is a wrong key, the coding system blocks the key. This system is simple, yet very stable, not sensitive to contamination and very safe against external manipulation. The key shape also offers ergonomic benefits. The mode of operation of the key module is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 48 to 59.

The key 17 consists essentially of three areas. The area 84 corresponds in its shape and function of an actuator Fig.13. In section 85 are the Kodierflächen 86. The rear key area 87 serves as a gripping surface.

In the coding housing 88, the coding element 89 is rotatably mounted about the axis 90. By means of springs (not shown), the coding element 89 is brought into the preferred position (Fig.51). When the key 17 is inserted into the key housing 91, the key face 92 abuts against the cam 93 of the coding element 89. In the course of the linear key movement, the coding element 89 is rotated about the axis 90 against the spring force. In the process, the coding surfaces 86 of the coding element 89 dip into the corresponding coding surfaces 86 of the key 17. In addition, the cam 94 of the coding element 89 engages in the recess 95 of the key 17. Only when the coding of coding element 89 and key 17 match each other, the key can be inserted into its end position. Only after the coding surfaces 86 and 96 completely engage with each other, the main axis 26 is moved in the manner described. When pulling out the key 17, first the coding element 89 is moved by the cam 94. The additionally acting spring force brings the coding element 89 finally back to the starting position Fig.51. In the case of a key with incorrect coding, the coding surfaces 96 can not completely dip into the coding surfaces 86 of the key 17. It comes to the clamping of the key 17 and coding element 89, the key is locked in its linear movement.

Figure 19 shows an example of an assembled functional unit 1a. The following modules and parts can be seen here: an actuator module 10, the associated actuator 12 and an intermediate actuator module 11, the associated actuator 12b, bayonet rings 13, a padlock module 14, a key module 15, associated key 17 and an end module 16. The actuator module 10 is provided with the mounting holes 18a. The bayonet rings 13 are equipped with the mounting holes 18 and end module 16 with the mounting holes 18 b. The complete unit 1a is mounted eg on a door jamb. Wherein the actuator 12, or 12 a or 12 b is attached to the door so that the actuator can be inserted into the insertion opening 19. Example of possible use: For maintenance purposes, access to a tumble mixing system is required. In this case, the passage can be secured by a safety switch. The tumble mixing cover could be secured via a mechanical key transfer system. The combination of a safety switch and a key module on the access door provides a key required to open the tumble mixing cover. Only after this key has been plugged into the corresponding key module, you get a second key, the one consumes. In order to put the machine back into operation it is absolutely necessary to carry out the process in reverse order. For further protection, a padlock module could also be integrated. Systems of this type are used, inter alia, to monitor and / or protect access to machinery and equipment, to enforce certain sequences of actions in the operation of (main) switches, earthing switches, valves and others. Advantages: Due to its modular design, this system is very flexible and can be optimally adapted to the respective requirements. By replacing, regrouping or adding further modules, this system can also be changed later. The structure and the choice of materials guarantee a very high stability. Due to the redundant design of the essential parts, the wear, compared to the previously known competition systems, reduced by about 75% and significantly increases the level of security. The design described here allows the monitoring of multiple accesses with only one system.

The inventive combination of the functions of switch and key transfer systems in a system, the various functions are advantageously combined in a product group. This product group also includes personal protective measures in the form of padlock modules which can be secured against actuation by means of a padlock.

The system according to the invention is made up of several separate modules, all of which can be interconnected by means of a uniform bayonet fitting. The functions of the individual modules are independent of those of the other modules. The Overall function is only defined by the assembly to a system.

As a result, the system according to the invention can be adapted to the various application-specific requirements. Existing systems can be modified in a simple manner.

/Claims

Claims

claims

A key switch system comprising a safety device comprising a switch means having at least one switching element and an actuator with an associated actuator, a transmission element being provided between the actuator and the switch means having on the one hand 0 with the switching element and on the other hand with the actuator (Fig. 12) can be coupled, characterized in that the transmission element is formed essentially by a transmission shaft as the main axis (26) with an actuating portion and with a switching range or end 5, whose operating range or end to a device (2) for converting a translational movement of the actuator (12) is connected in a rotational movement of the main axis (26) and that the main axis (26) is forcibly driven in both directions of rotation. 0

2. key transfer switch system according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (2) has an insertion opening (19) for the insertion and removal of the actuator (12) and for converting the translational movement of the actuator 5 (12) in a rotational movement of the main axis (26) a gear drivable by the actuator (12) in a male or female movement, preferably a cam gear (3) having at least one cam (20a, 20b) or cam disc which has an engaging member (28) with the major axis (0). 26) has coupled drive curve.

3. key transfer switch system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cam mechanism (3) at least one cam with an open-edge, claw-shaped actuating opening (21,22) for engaging the actuator (12) and a slot-shaped drive curve (29a, 29b) for the engaging member (28) connected to the main axis (26).

4. Schlüsseltransferschaltersystem according to claim 3, characterized in that two preferably arranged in parallel, by an actuator (12) rotatable cams (20a, 20b) are provided which at the same time driven by an actuator (12) and via separate engagement members (28) with the Main axis (26) are coupled.

5. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the engagement member is formed by an approximately radially to the main axis (26) oriented and connected to this drive arm (28).

6. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a locking device for locking the cam (s) (20a, 20b) or the like gear element is provided with the actuator (12).

7. key transfer switch system according to claim 6, characterized in that the two cam discs (20a, 20b) arranged in parallel side by side and on a bearing axis (24) are axially displaceable and by the actuator (12) in its insertion or removal between a locking position and a release position on the bearing axis (24) axially against a Resetting force are adjustable and that at least one locking element (33) for blocking the rotational movement of the cam discs (20a, 20b) is provided in the locking position.

8. key transfer switch system according to claim 7, characterized in that the locking element is formed by a with the main axis (26) connected to this projecting locking projection or locking pin (33) which acts approximately radially on the main axis (26) and that the cam ( n) (20a, 20b) or the like transmission element has an opening for engagement of the locking pin (33) in the locking position.

9. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the switch device (63) and the actuating device (10) and optionally further actuators or similar functional devices are designed as modules and each terminals for releasably connecting to each other and each in the mounting position aligned and Having coupling elements of a clutch releasably connectable to each other (part) main axes (26).

10. key transfer switch system according to claim 9, characterized in that optionally a plurality of actuator modules

(10) in possibly different versions, for example key modules (15) with a key

(17) are provided as an actuator (12) and / or padlock modules with a non-removable key (17) as an actuator.

11. key transfer switch system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that except actuator modules (10) are provided in different embodiments and switch modules (63), locking modules with at least one actuator (12) and with a locking system.

12. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the actuator modules

(10) have a plurality of differently oriented insertion openings (19) for actuator (12), key (17) or the like.

13. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the modules housing with mounting holes (18, 18 a, 18 b) for attachment, for example, on a door jamb or the like carrier part.

14. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the actuator module (10) is formed as an intermediate module with both sides on two opposite sides of the module accessible main axis (26) and there coupling elements and with terminals for other modules.

15. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the actuator module (10) is designed as an end module with unilaterally accessible main axis (26) and there befindlichem coupling element and with a connection for other modules.

16. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the (part) main axis (26) from a connection side to the opposite lying extending and having coupling elements at both ends.

17. key transfer switch system in particular according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the

Actuating device is designed as a key module (15) and that serves as an actuator (12) a socket wrench.

18. key transfer switch system according to claim 17, characterized in that the key (17) for the

Key module (15) has an actuating portion (84), a Kodierabschnitt (85) and a handle portion (87).

19. Key transfer switch system according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the key module (15) has at least one insertion opening with subsequent insertion channel for the key (17) and that within the insertion channel, a coding element (89) suitable for an associated key (17) Codings is arranged.

20. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the coding element (89) is formed substantially roller-segment-like and about an axis (90) pivotally mounted, that with its curved outside when inserting a key (17) on this can be rolled and has on its curved outer side to an associated key with codes (86) matching Kodierflächen (96).

21. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the Schlüsselko- dierung (86) and the Kodierflächen (96) of the Kodierelements (89) are formed as interlocking elements, preferably as wells and in these mating engaging projections.

22. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 21, characterized in that the actuator module is designed as a padlock module and that the non-removable key serves as an actuator.

23. Key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 22, characterized in that the terminals of the modules are designed as bayonet locks (5).

24. key transfer switch system according to claim 23, characterized in that the bayonet lock (5) to the

Modules each bayonet rings (38,39) with bayonet grooves

(42,43) and a separate bayonet ring (13) with inside projecting bayonet cams (50,51).

25. key transfer switch system according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the outer contour of the bayonet ring (13) in the closed position with the adjacent outer contours of the interconnected modules is approximately aligned.

26. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the terminals of the modules for mounting in different rotational positions of the modules, preferably formed at least in two by about 90 ° to each other twisted mounting positions.

27. Key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 26, characterized in that the modules have positively locking interlocking projections on their connection sides, and that preferably on a module deviates from a round shape, in particular polygonal projection (41) and on a module to be coupled to the projection complementary recess (40 ) is provided.

28. key transfer switch system according to claim 27, characterized in that the projection (41) or the recess (40) are arranged on the connection sides of the modules within the bayonet rings (38,39) of the module connections.

29. key transfer switch system according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the projection (41) and the recess (40) are rectangular, in particular square.

30. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the side walls of the projection (41) tapers conically to the free end and the side walls of the recess (40) are formed in particular to match obliquely.

31. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that the coupling elements of the approximately aligned major axes (26) of the individual modules are each part of a dog clutch (4) and that the coupling elements axially projecting, interlocking claws (59a, 59b) exhibit.

32. Key transfer switch system according to claim 31, characterized in that the claws (59a, 59b) of the coupling elements are segment-shaped with radially oriented side flanks and that the circumferential extent of all segments of a coupling element is equal to or less than 180 °.

33. key transfer switch system according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that the claws (59a, 59b) of the coupling elements extend in the radial direction over an outer portion of the end face of the main axis (26) and are formed approximately frusto-conical.

34. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that the coupling elements each have four jaws (59a, 59b), which extend over a peripheral portion respectively of about 45 ° or 60 ° or about 30 °.

35. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 31 to 34, characterized in that the jaws

(59a, 59b) of the coupling element arranged at one end of a main axis (26) have an offset in the direction of rotation of preferably approximately 30 ° to the claws of the coupling element arranged at the other end of this main axis (26).

36. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 35, characterized in that the switch module has a reset device for resetting the switch module located in the switching elements upon removal of a connected actuator module (10) and that the reset device preferably a switch spring (66) for moving the Switching axis (64) in a defined Starting position has.

37. key transfer switch system according to one of claims 9 to 36, characterized in that the locking module comprises a locking mechanism for locking the rotational movement of a tumbler module arranged with a main axis (26) of a connected actuator module (10) switchable switching axis (64).

38. key transfer switch system according to claim 37, characterized in that the locking mechanism of the tumbler module connected to the housing of the module locking element (77) having a passage opening in the inner wall (80) axially oriented grooves (78) are provided for locking balls (74) , which are mounted in a radially engaging in the passage opening of the locking element sleeve of the indexing axis in transverse bores (73), and in that an axially displaceable within the passage opening locking plunger (79) with a diameter corresponding to the passage opening and provided at the free end approach with reduced Diameter is provided.

39. key transfer switch system according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that the locking ram with a drive, in particular with a lifting magnet (81) is connected.

/Summary