EP1933345A1 - Interlock- and operation-mechanism for an automatic generator trip switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The control unit (1) has a control shaft which can be rotated about a control axis in order to operate a movable contact of the electrical switching device; a blocking mechanism for the control shaft, to be activated in order to block a rotary movement of the control shaft in a first rotation direction. The blocking mechanism is activated by an activation mechanism. An independent claim is also included for a locking system for locking an access for an electrical switching device.

Description

Technical background

If in electrical switchgear in case of failure or planned revisions, the control voltage or the drive power supply for the switching devices fails or is turned off, then aids, such as hand cranks, are provided which allow the switching devices, which may have remained in an intermediate position, in a to bring desired end position. On the other hand, in the switchgear technology, devices for blocking the rotation of a shaft of an electric drive for moving contact of a switching device are known, which prevent actuation of switching devices at an inadmissible time or by unauthorized personnel. These devices are used for personal safety for working in the switchboard personnel and the reliability of the respective switchgear.

However, it may also be necessary, for example, to switch on the earth electrode by hand so that the assembly personnel in the switchgear can carry out repairs or inspection work safely. The necessary hand cranks are positively connected to the drive shaft of the relevant switching device. To prevent unauthorized manual actuation of these drives, access to this drive shaft is prevented by means of safety covers. If manual interventions are to be carried out, appropriately trained personnel are used by a control room to carry out these switching operations. Only these personnel have the necessary special tools available to remove these safety covers. It is also possible, by means of limit switches, which are operated by the hand crank, to interrupt the electrical control circuit for the relevant drive motor, in order to prevent the drive motor can be electrically triggered, as long as it is moved manually.

From the DE 197 12 346 is an electromechanical device for blocking the rotation of a shaft of an electric drive for a moving contact of a switching device. From the DE 41 10 982 is a locking device for blocking or

Release of a shaft end, on which an actuating lever for a manual rotary actuator can be pushed, known.

The known devices, however, leave various wishes unfulfilled, for example with regard to the safe and reliable operation and with regard to the possibility of rapid and simple manual access, in particular in the event of a failure of the electrical supply.

Presentation of the invention:

The object of the present invention is to specify an improved locking system for an electrical switching device. The object is achieved by the actuating unit according to independent claim 1 and by the locking system according to independent claim 19. Further advantages, features, aspects and details of the invention as well as preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the subclaims, the description and the figures.

According to a first aspect of the invention, an actuating unit for an electrical switching device is provided. The actuating unit comprises: an actuating shaft suitable for actuation, i. for opening and closing a movable contact of the electrical switching device is rotatable about an actuating axis; a first blocking mechanism for the actuating shaft which is activatable, i. is set in an active state to block a rotational movement of the actuating shaft in a first direction of rotation; and an activation mechanism for the first blocking mechanism having means for activating the first blocking mechanism and thus configured to activate the first blocking mechanism.

According to another aspect of the invention, a locking system for locking access for an electrical switching device is provided. The locking system includes an adjustment shaft rotatable about an adjustment axis for setting a plurality of adjustment states by selecting the rotation angle of the adjustment shaft, the plurality of adjustment states including a first adjustment state and a second adjustment state; and a latch disc rotatable with the adjustment shaft, wherein at least one of the adjustment conditions is a latched adjustment condition, and at least one of the adjustment conditions is an unlocked adjustment condition, and wherein the latch disc is configured to provide access to the activation system lock when locked Setting state is present, and to release the access to the actuating system when an unlocked setting state is present. The invention is further directed to methods of manufacturing the actuator unit and the latching system.

Description of the figures:

• Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemässe Betätigungseinheit in perspektivischer Explosionsansicht;
• Fig. 2 eine seitliche Ansicht der Betätigungseinheit;
• Fig. 3 eine Beschriftung für eine Blende der Betätigungseinheit;
• Fig. 4 einen vertikalen Längsschnitt der Betätigungseinheit;
• Fig. 5 einen Querschnitt der Betätigungseinheit;
• Fig. 6 einen weiteren Querschnitt der Betätigungseinheit; und
• Fig. 7 einen horizontalen Längsschnitt der Betätigungseinheit.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the figures and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

• Fig. 1 an inventive actuating unit in a perspective exploded view;
• Fig. 2 a side view of the operating unit;
• Fig. 3 a label for a panel of the operating unit;
• Fig. 4 a vertical longitudinal section of the actuating unit;
• Fig. 5 a cross section of the actuating unit;
• Fig. 6 another cross section of the actuator unit; and
• Fig. 7 a horizontal longitudinal section of the operating unit.

Ways to carry out the invention

Before the figures are described in detail, a few general features of the actuating unit according to the invention and of the locking system according to the invention will first be described in more detail. By way of illustration, in this general description, the reference numerals in the FIGS. 1 to 7 used embodiment shown. However, the general features are not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawings, but can be combined individually in a modular manner.

The operating unit 1 has an actuating system 200. In the following, some features of the actuation system 200 will be described. The actuating unit 1 comprises an actuating shaft 202, which is rotatable about an actuating axis 206 for actuating a movable contact of the electrical switching device. The switching device may be, for example, a circuit breaker, a load switch, a grounding switch, a Schnellerder or a circuit breaker. In general, the contact is connected via a gear to the actuating shaft 202, and the transmission is equipped to convert the rotational movement of the actuating shaft 202 in an actuating movement of the contact for opening or closing of the switching device. The actuating shaft 202 is also typically coupled to a display for indicating the switching state.

The operating unit 1 comprises a first blocking mechanism 230, 330 for the actuating shaft 202, which is activatable to block a rotational movement of the actuating shaft 202 in a first direction of rotation. Thus, the first blocking mechanism can in particular assume an active and an inactive state, and in the active state it blocks the rotational movement of the actuating shaft 202 in the first direction of rotation, in the passive state it does not block it. The first blocking mechanism 230, 330 may be activated by an activation mechanism, i. be brought into the active state.

Typically, the actuating unit 1 further comprises a second blocking mechanism 240, 340 which is activatable to block, in a manner analogous to the first blocking mechanism, a rotational movement of the actuating shaft 202 in a second rotational direction opposite to the first rotational direction. Preferably, the activation mechanism may also activate the second blocking mechanism.

Typically, a first rotational state of the actuating shaft 202 defines a first switching state, such as the open or closed switching state or an intermediate state of the switching device, and a second rotational state of the actuating shaft 202 defines a second switching state of the switching device. A rotational state is understood to mean a rotational angle about the actuating axis which detects the number of revolutions relative to a given reference rotational state, i. which can be greater than 360 °.

The actuating unit 1 typically further comprises a spindle gear 220, 222 with a spindle thread 220 arranged on a surface of the actuating shaft 202 and a spindle nut 222 threaded on the spindle thread 220. A first position or a first position range of the spindle nut 222 defines a first switching state of the switching device, and a second position or a second position range of the spindle nut 222 defines a second switching state of the switching device. The position of the spindle nut 222 is a translational position along the actuation axis. In general, the spindle gear 220, 222 thus each linked to a rotational state of the actuating shaft 202, each having a position of the spindle nut 222nd

The first direction of rotation is typically defined by the rotational movement of the actuating shaft 202 from the second switching state to the first switching state. The actuating shaft 202 typically has an access 212 for manual operation. The actuating shaft is typically coupled to a motor for motorized actuation.

In the following, some features of the blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 will be described. The first blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 typically includes a first ratchet wheel 230 rotatable with the actuating shaft 202 and a first pawl 330 arranged to engage the first ratchet wheel 230 to engage in rotation of the actuating shaft 202 in FIG to block the first direction of rotation. Typically, a second blocking mechanism 240, 340, 350 of the operating unit 1 comprises a second ratchet 240 co-rotating with the actuating shaft 202 and a second pawl 340 arranged to engage the second ratchet 240 to effect rotation of the ratchet wheel 240 Actuating shaft 202 to block in the opposite direction to the first direction of rotation second direction of rotation.

The first blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 typically includes a pawl biasing member 350 for biasing the first pawl 330 toward engagement with the first ratchet wheel 230, and optionally may include another pawl biasing member 350 for biasing the second pawl 340 toward the first pawl Engagement with the second ratchet 240 include. Alternatively, both pawls 330, 340 may be biased by a single pawl biasing member 350.

In the following, some features of the activation mechanism 310, 320 will be described. The activation mechanism 310, 320 is typically configured to activate the first blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 when the first switching condition exists. Optionally, it may be arranged to activate the second blocking mechanism 240, 340, 350 when the second switching state exists. For example, the activation mechanism 310, 320 may interact with the spindle nut 222 such that the first blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 is activated when the spindle nut 222 is in a position of the first rotational state of the actuating shaft 202 and the first switching state of the switching device, and that the second blocking mechanism 240, 340, 350 is activated when the spindle nut 222 is in a position of the second rotational state of the actuating shaft 202 and the second switching state of the switching device.

Typically, the activation mechanism 310, 320 includes a movable first retaining member 317 that can be brought into contact with the first pawl 330 to restrain the first pawl 330 against the bias of the pawl biasing member 350 such that the first pawl 330 does not enter the first pawl 330 first ratchet wheel 230 engages and the first Blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 is thus not activated. The first retaining part 317 is then arranged so that the contact of the first retaining member 317 is released with the first pawl 330 when the first state of motion is present or when the spindle nut 222 is in a position of the first switching state, so that the first pawl 330 can engage in the first ratchet wheel 230, that is, the first blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 can be activated.

Similarly, the activation mechanism 310, 320 may also include a movable second retention member 327 that may be brought into contact with the second pawl 340 to restrain the second pawl 340 against the bias of the pawl biasing member 350 such that the second pawl 340 does not engage the second ratchet wheel 240 engages. The second retaining member 327 is then arranged to release contact of the second retaining member 327 with the second pawl 340 when the second state of motion is present so that the second pawl 340 can engage the second ratchet 240.

The activation mechanism 310, 320 typically includes a first pin 310 having a first pin biasing element 314. The first pin 310 is movable to an inactive position and an active position and configured to move the first pawl 330 toward the first pin Ratchet wheel 230 withhold, ie when in the inactive position and to allow movement of the first pawl 330 toward the first ratchet wheel 230, i. when he is in the active position. The first bolt biasing element 314 then biases the first bolt 310 toward the inactive position. The activation mechanism 310, 320 typically further includes a second bolt 320 having a second bolt biasing member 324. The second bolt 320 is movable to an inactive position and an active position and configured to move the second latch 340 in the direction of the second ratchet 240 to restrain, ie when it is in the inactive position and to allow movement of the second pawl 340 toward the second ratchet wheel 240, i. when he is in the active position. The second bolt biasing member 324 then biases the second bolt 320 toward the inactive position.

The first pin 310 typically has a catch projection 312 arranged so that the spindle nut 222, by interaction with the cam 312, the first pin 310 against the bias of the first pin biasing member 314 can bring to the active position when the spindle nut 222 is in the first switching state. Typically, the second pin 320 also has a cam 322 which is arranged so that the spindle nut 222, by interaction with the cam 322, can bring the second pin 320 against the bias of the second pin biasing member 324 to the active position when the Spindle nut 222 is in the second switching state.

A first retaining part 317 can be formed by a region 317 of the first bolt 310 with a larger diameter or cross section. The first bolt 310 may then also have a region 316 of smaller diameter than the region 317, and the first retaining member 317 may be arranged to restrain the movement of the first pawl 330 toward the first ratchet wheel 230 when the first bolt 310 in FIG is in the inactive position. The smaller diameter portion 316 may be further disposed to release movement of the first pawl 330 toward the first ratchet wheel 230 when the first pin 310 is in the active position.

Similarly, a second retaining portion 327 may be formed by a portion 327 of the second bolt 310. The second retaining member 327 may be arranged to restrain movement of the second pawl 340 toward the second ratchet 240 when the second bolt 320 is in the inactive position. The smaller diameter portion 326 may be further disposed to release movement of the second pawl 340 toward the second ratchet 240 when the second bolt 320 is in the active position. The first bolt 310 and the second bolt 320 may be arranged parallel to each other and biased in the opposite direction.

The actuator 1 may include a locking system 100 for locking an access 212 for an electrical switching device. The locking system 100 may alternatively be provided individually. In the following, some features of this locking system 100 will be described. The locking system 100 includes an adjustment shaft 180 rotatable about an adjustment axis 186 for adjusting a plurality of adjustment states 93, 94, 95, 96 by selecting the rotation angle of the adjustment shaft 186, wherein the plurality of adjustment states include at least a first adjustment state 95 and second adjustment state 96 includes; and a lock washer 110 rotatable with the adjustment shaft 180. At least one of the plurality of adjustment positions 93, 94, 95, 96 is one locked adjustment state 93, 95, 96, and at least one of the plurality of adjustment states is an unlocked adjustment state 94. The locking disc 110 is configured to lock the access 212 to the actuation system 200 when in a locked adjustment state 93, 95, 96, and to enable access 212 to the actuation system 200 when there is an unlocked adjustment state 94. The lock washer 110 typically has a recess 112 which, in the unlocked adjustment state 94, clears the access 212 to the actuation system 200.

At least one of the set states 93, 94, 95, 96 is typically a lock-secured set state 93, 95, 96, d. H. It is secured by a lock that can only be left when the lock is open. Typically, at least one setting state or a plurality of setting states are each lock-locked by a lock 130, 150, 160, which can be closed and opened by a respective key (keys 152, 162), and that, preferably by interaction with the locking disc 110, a rotation of the adjusting shaft 180 is blocked when the lock-locked state is present and the lock 130, 150, 160 is closed. This has the consequence that the lock 130, 150, 160 must be open to leave the lock-secured state 93, 95, 96. The plurality of lock-secured states 93, 95, 96 may be latched states 93, 95, 96. Typically, the at least one lock 130, 150, 160 is each a key (shown keys 152, 162) for actuation, i. for opening and / or closing, associated with the lock, which can be removed from the respective lock when the lock is closed, and which can not be removed from the respective lock when the lock is open. The at least one lock 130, 150, 160 typically interacts with the lock washer 110 in such a manner that the at least one lock 130, 150, 160, or even each lock must be open to move from the at least one locked state 93, 95, 96 to reach the unlocked state.

The latch plate 110 typically has a blocking portion 114, and the at least one latch 130, 150, 160 is then configured to engage the blocking portion 114 to prevent rotation of the latch plate 110 when it is closed and to prevent engagement with the latch plate 110 to release the blocking portion 114 and thereby allow rotation of the locking disc 110 when it is opened.

The adjustment shaft 180 may include a cam 194 arranged to actuate a switch when the adjustment shaft 180 assumes a defined adjustment state 93.

The access is usually an access for the manual operation of a movable contact of the electrical switching device. The plurality of setting conditions may include the following setting conditions: a locked setting state 93 for automatic operation of the movable contact, an unlocked setting state 94 for manual operation of the movable contact, and two locked setting states 95, 96 for blocking of the movable contact with 95 open or with closed 96 switching state of the switching device.

The actuator unit may include an adjustment shaft 180 rotatable about an adjustment axis 186, wherein first and second rotation angles of the adjustment shaft 180 about the adjustment axis 186 define first and second adjustment states 95, 96, respectively.

In the following, some features will be described concerning the action of the locking system 100 on the actuating system 200. The activation mechanism 310, 320, 361, 362 is typically configured to activate the first blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 when the first setting condition exists. It is also typically configured to activate the second blocking mechanism 240, 340, 350 when the second set state is present. The activation mechanism 310, 320, 361, 362 can thus activate the first blocking mechanism 230, 330, 350 and possibly the second blocking mechanism 240, 340, 350 as a function of the respective rotational angle of the setting shaft 180.

The activation mechanism 310, 320, 361, 362 typically includes a first bolt pusher 361 adapted to urge the first bolt 310 against the bias in response to the rotational angle of the adjustment shaft 180. It typically includes a second bolt pusher 362 adapted to urge the second bolt 320 against the bias in response to the rotational angle of the adjustment shaft 180. The first bolt pusher 361 may be configured to push the first bolt 310 against the bias of the first bolt biasing member 314 to the active position when in the first set condition. The second bolt pusher 362 may be configured to urge the second bolt 320 against the bias of the second bolt biasing member 324 to the active position when the second adjustment condition exists.

The first bolt pusher 361 typically includes an end face 361 co-rotatable with the adjustment shaft 180 and disposed at an oblique angle to the adjustment axis 186 so that the end surface 361 can bring the first bolt 310 against the bias of the first bolt biasing member 314 to the active position when the first setting state exists. Typically, the end face 361 may bring or press the first pin 310 to the active position by interaction with a dog. Typically, the first bolt pusher 361 and the end face 361, respectively, bring the first bolt 310 to the active position depending on a setting state of the adjustment shaft 186.

Similarly, the second bolt pusher 362 typically includes an end face 362 co-rotatable with the adjustment shaft 180 and disposed at an oblique angle to the adjustment axis 186 such that the end surface 362 places the second bolt 320 against the bias of the second bolt biasing element 324 to the active position can when the second setting state is present. Typically, the end face 362 may push or push the second pin 320 to interact with a driver to interact. Typically, the second bolt pusher 362 and the end face 362 may bring the second bolt 320 to the active position depending on a setting state of the adjustment shaft 186.

In any event, the latch system 100 may allow setting of a plurality of set states, and the actuation system 200 may define a plurality of actuation states. Then, the set of all actuation states achievable in a first set state may be different from the set of all actuation states achievable in a second set state. Also, the set of all setting states achievable in a first operating state may be different from the set of all setting states achievable in a second operating state.

In the following, some features will be described concerning the action of the actuating system 200 on the locking system 100.

The actuator unit 1 typically includes an adjustment lock mechanism 226, 196, 197 configured to block rotation of the adjustment shaft 180 toward the first adjustment state 95 when other than the first shift state, that is, when the first shift state is not is present. The actuator unit 1 also typically includes an adjustment lock mechanism 226, 196, 197 configured to prevent rotation of the Adjusting shaft 180 to block the second adjustment state 96 when there is a different than the second switching state.

The adjustment lock mechanism 226, 196, 197 typically includes a first cam 196 of the adjustment shaft 180 and a locking piece 226 secured to the spindle nut 222. The first cam 196 then extends, preferably along the adjustment axis 186, along a first blocking range of translational movement of the blocking piece 226 is assigned outside the first state of motion, and the first cam 196 is shaped so that rotation of the setting shaft 180 toward the first setting state 95 is blocked by a stop of the first cam 196 on the blocking piece 226 when the blocking piece 226 in the first blocking area. The blocking piece 226 is typically formed integrally with the spindle nut 222.

The adjustment lock mechanism 226, 196, 197 also typically includes a second cam 197 of the adjustment shaft 180 and a locking piece attached to the spindle nut 222, which may be the same as or different from the locking piece 226 or the same. The second cam 197 preferably extends along the adjustment axis 186, along a second blocking region associated with the translational movement of the blocking member 226 outside the second state of motion, and the second cam 197 is shaped to permit rotation of the adjustment shaft 180 toward the second adjustment state. State 96 is blocked by a stop of the second cam 197 on the blocking piece 226 when the blocking piece 226 is in the second blocking region.

An actuating unit 1 according to the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to FIG FIGS. 1 to 7 be described in more detail. In these figures, the same or functionally similar parts are identified by the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 shows a front end of the operating unit 1 in an exploded perspective view. The operating unit 1 comprises: an adjusting shaft 180 with front piece 184; a front panel 20; a latch plate 110; and a bezel 30 having locks 130, 150 and 160. The front panel 20 includes an opening 22 through which the front piece 184 of the adjustment shaft 180 extends and another opening 24 providing access for an operating system (see below). The adjustment shaft 180 is rotatable about an adjustment axis 186. It is part of a locking system, which is described below. The adjusting shaft 180 is connected to the locking plate 110 and rotatable together with it.

The locking plate 110 is designed substantially circular and has two recesses 112 and 114. The radius of the locking disc 110 is greater than the distance between the adjustment axis 186 and the access for the actuating system (opening 24). Therefore, the lock plate 110 can lock the access for the actuation system. However, the lock washer 110 can be rotated so that the recess 112 clears the access for the actuation system. Thus, depending on the angle of rotation of the locking plate 110 or the adjusting shaft 180 about the adjustment axis 186, a locked or an unlocked setting state before.

The aperture 30 has an opening 32 for the adjustment shaft 180 and an opening 34 for the actuating system. The openings 32 and 34 are each coaxial with the openings 22 and 24 of the front panel 20. As in Fig. 2 is shown, a Einstelldrehknopf 182 is fixedly connected to the guided through the opening 32 front piece of the adjusting shaft 184. The adjustment knob 182 has a pointer facing towards the recess 114.

• ein Einstell-Zustand 94 für die manuelle Betätigung des bewegbaren Kontakts,
• ein Einstell-Zustand 93 für die automatische Betätigung des bewegbaren Kontakts, und
• zwei Einstell-Zustände 95, 96 zum Blockieren des bewegbaren Kontakts bei geöffnetem bzw. bei geschlossenem Schaltzustand des Schaltgeräts.

By turning the adjusting knob 182, and thus the adjusting shaft 184 and the locking disk 110, different rotational angles of the adjusting shaft 180 and thus setting conditions of the operating unit 1 can be adjusted. FIG. 3 shows by way of example a caption 102 for the diaphragm 30. The caption 102 assigns four different angles of rotation of the setting shaft 180 and the setting knob 182 each one of the following four setting states:

• an adjustment state 94 for the manual operation of the movable contact,
• a setting state 93 for the automatic operation of the movable contact, and
• two setting states 95, 96 for blocking the movable contact when the switching device is open or closed.

In the set state 94 access to the actuation system 1 is released through the recess 112 of the latch plate 110, i. the setting state 94 is an unlocked state. In the other setting states 93, 95 and 96 the access is not enabled, i. they are locked states.

When setting state 93, a limit switch for the drive motor of the electrical switching device is turned on, ie a motor-driven operation is possible. In the other setting states 94, 95, 96, the limit switch is interrupted and a motor-driven Actuation is not possible. As in Fig. 2 and in Fig. 4 is shown, the limit switch 104 is actuated by a cam 194 of the adjusting shaft 180. The cam 194 is arranged so that the limit switch 104 is turned on only when the adjusting shaft 180 assumes the setting state 93.

In FIG. 1 Further, locks 130, 150, and 160 are shown. The locks are each equipped with a key plate 134, 154 and 164. The key disks are designed as circular segments and each have a recess 136, 156 and 166.

The lock 130 is shown in a closed state: The closed state is defined by the fact that the recess 136 of the lock 130 is rotated away from the locking plate 110, and the key plate 134 therefore engages in the recess 114 of the locking plate 110. The lock 130 can thus be closed only in the setting state 93, in which the recess 114 of the locking plate 110 is turned to the lock 130. When the lock 130 is closed, this setting state 93 is then blocked by the engagement of the key disk 134 in the recess 114 and can not be left. Only when the lock is open and the recess 136 is turned to the locking plate, the setting state 93 can be left. In other words, the setting state 93 is lock-locked by the lock 130.

Analogously, the setting states 95, 96 are lock-secured by further locks 150, 160. The further locks 150, 160 are shown in an open state, ie the recesses 156, 166 are turned to the locking plate 110. Also shown are keys 152, 162 required to close and open the locks 150, 160. The keys 152, 162 can only be removed from the respective lock 130, 150 and 160 when the lock is closed. If the keys are clearly marked, it is therefore evident from the presence of a key removed from the lock 130, 150, 160 that the respective setting state 93, 95 or 96 is present. If no deducted key is present, the setting state 94 may be present, which is the only one not secured. For example, the keys could be identified by respective geometric symbols 137, 157, 167 as shown in FIG Fig. 3 to the locks 130, 140 and 160 are shown.

The lock-locked states 93, 95, 96 are locked states (see above). Therefore, in order to get to the unlocked state 94, all three locks 130, 150, 160 to be open. In particular, all three associated keys must be present. The castles of Fig. 1 could also be realized in other ways, for example by bolt locks, or even omitted.

Fig. 2 shows a side view of the operating unit 1. These are in addition to the at Fig. 1 elements described a front 12 with a glass pane 14 shown. Further, an actuating shaft 202 is shown, which is rotatable about an actuating shaft 206 (s. Fig. 4 ).

Fig. 4 shows a vertical longitudinal section of the actuator unit. In it are next to the Fig. 1 and 2 described elements, the following further elements of the adjusting shaft 180 are shown: bearing 187 for the rotatable about the adjustment axis 186 mounting the setting shaft 180; Cams 196, 197; and oblique faces 361 and 362. In Fig. 4 the following further elements of the actuating system 200 are shown: An actuating shaft 202, which is supported by bearing 207 rotatable about an actuating axis 206. The actuating shaft 202 is connected via a transmission with a movable contact of the electrical switching device. A front piece 210 of the actuating shaft 202 has a crank handle 212 for a hand crank. The crank socket 212 provides access to the actuation system, ie the access for the manual actuation of the actuation system, which, as in FIG Fig. 1 described - is lockable by the adjustment system 100.

The operation of the switching device can be manually by the hand crank in the setting state 94 (s. Figure 3 ) or by a motor in the setting state 93 (s. Figure 3 ) respectively. In both cases, a rotation of the actuating shaft 202 is coupled to the operation of the switching device, and each rotational state of the actuating shaft 202 is clearly associated with a respective switching state (eg, open or closed switching state) of the switching device. The actuating shaft 202 is further coupled to a display indicating the switching state ("switch open", "switch closed" or an intermediate state).

Next, a spindle thread 220 is shown, which is arranged on the surface of the actuating shaft 202. On the spindle thread 220, a spindle nut 222 is threaded. A guide rod 260 prevents rotational movement of the spindle nut 222 about the actuation axis 206. As a result, a spindle gear 220, 222, 260 is formed, which links each position of the spindle nut 222 clearly with a respective rotational state of the actuating shaft 202 and thus with a respective switching state of the switching device. In particular, a first position defines in an edge region of the spindle thread 220 the side of the front piece 210 an open switching state of the switching device, and a second position in an edge region of the spindle thread 220 on the side of the ratchet wheels 230, 240 defines a closed switching state of the switching device. The positions between these edge regions define intermediate states of the switching device. A blocking mechanism described below prevents the spindle nut from taking positions outside of these areas. Also, two counter-rotating ratchet wheels 230, 240 are concentrically mounted on the actuating shaft 202 and mitdrehbar with this. Further, a bolt 310 having a notch 316 is shown. These elements are more accurate at Fig. 7 described.

Fig. 5 shows a cross section of the actuator along the in Fig. 4 represented level VV. This again shows the spindle gear 220, 222, 260 consisting of spindle thread 220, spindle nut 222 and guide rod 260. The guide rod 260 engages a recess 225 of the spindle nut 222 to prevent rotation of the spindle nut 222. The spindle nut 222 has a blocking piece 226, which is formed as a projection. The adjusting shaft 180 has a cam 196 which is designed to form a stop with the blocking piece 226, which limit rotation of the adjusting shaft 180 in the clockwise direction. The stop thereby blocks a rotation of the adjusting shaft 180 toward the setting state 96 (see Fig. 3 ). The cam 196 is in a longitudinal region along the adjustment axis 184 (ie perpendicular to the image plane of Fig. 5 ) defining a blocking range for translational movement of the blocking piece 226 along the spindle gear: when the blocking piece 226 is in the blocking region, the stop is formed. The blocking region is dimensioned such that it covers all reachable positions of the blocking piece 226 that are not linked to the closed switching state of the switching device. In other words, the blocking range is such that for each position of the spindle nut 222 there is a stop between the cam 196 and the blocking piece 226, with the exception of the position of the spindle nut 222, which is linked to the closed switching state of the switching device. The abutment between cam 196 and blocking piece 226 thus defines an adjustment blocking mechanism which blocks rotation of setting shaft 180 toward setting state 96 ("switch closed") when there is a switching state other than the switch closed state.

Similarly, another cam 197 ( Fig. 4 ) is formed for engagement with blocking piece 226 which is horizontally mirrored to the cam 196. The further cam 197 forms with the blocking piece 226 a stop which blocks a rotation of the adjusting shaft 180 counterclockwise toward the setting state 95. The further cam 197 is formed in a longitudinal region along the adjustment axis 186 (ie perpendicular to the image plane) and thereby defines a blocking region sized to cover all reachable positions of the blocking piece 226 that are not associated with the open switching state of the switching device. Since the section plane VV of Fig. 5 is outside this longitudinal region, the further cam 197 is not shown therein.

Laterally next to the already in Fig. 4 shown bolt 310, a further bolt 320 is shown. Both bolts 310, 320 have a driving projection. Since the driving projection of the bolt 310 is behind the cutting plane VV, only the driving projection 322 of the bolt 320 is shown. The spindle nut 222 has recesses 224 for the bolts 310, 320. The recesses 224 avoid overlapping between the cross-sections of the spindle nut 222 and the bolts 310, 320. However, the cross-sections of the spindle nut 222 and the cam projection 312, 322 overlap each other.

Fig. 6 shows a further cross-section of the actuator in the sectional plane VI-VI (s. Fig. 4 ). Therein, ratchet wheels 230, 240 and pawls 330, 340 are shown. The ratchet wheel 230 and the pawl 330 are laterally offset from the ratchet wheel 240 and the pawl 340 so that the pawl 230 can engage the ratchet wheel 230 to block rotation of the actuation shaft 202 in a clockwise direction and the pawl 340 can engage in the ratchet wheel 240 to block rotation of the actuating shaft 202 in a counterclockwise locking direction. By the engagement of the pawls 330, 340 in the respective ratchet wheels 230, 240 is thus provided in each case a blocking mechanism for the rotation of the actuating shaft 202 in one direction.

A common spring 350 biases both pawls 330 and 340 toward the respective ratchet wheels 230 and 240, respectively. Although the common spring 350 is a particularly space saving solution, it can also be replaced by other pawl biasing members 350 for the respective pawls 330 and 340 , eg by each individual tension or compression springs.

Next, the bolts 310 and 320 (s. Fig. 5 ) and their respective driver projections 312 and 322 shown in dashed lines. A retaining portion 317 of the bolt 310 contacts Touching portion 336 of the pawl 330. By this contact the pawl 330 is retained against the bias of the tension spring 350 so that they can not engage in the ratchet wheel 230. Similarly, the pawl 340 is retained by contacting a retaining portion 327 of the bolt 320 with a contacting portion 346 of the pawl 340 so that it can not engage the ratchet wheel 240.

Fig. 7 shows a horizontal longitudinal section of the actuator along the sectional plane VII-VII (s. Fig. 5 ). Therein again the actuating shaft 202 with spindle thread 220 and spindle nut 222 are shown. Further, the ratchet wheels 230, 240 and the pawls 330, 340 are shown with contact parts 336, 346. Also, the bolts 310, 320 are shown. The retaining portion 317 of the bolt 310 is formed by a larger diameter portion. The bolt 310 has a region 316 with a smaller diameter. In the FIGS. 6 and 7 the bolt 310 is shown in a position, which is also referred to as inactive position. In this position, the retaining member 317 blocks the movement of the pawl 330 toward the ratchet wheel 230, as at Fig. 6 is described. Likewise, the bolt 320 is shown in a corresponding inactive position.

FIG. 7 shows that the bolt 310 along its axis, ie parallel to the actuating axis 206, in the direction of the locking plate 110 is displaced away. Thereby, the bolt 310 can be moved to a position in which the larger diameter portion 317 does not contact the contacting portion 336 of the pawl 330 and thus does not block the movement of the pawl 330 toward the ratchet wheel 230. Instead, the smaller diameter portion 316 releases the movement of the pawl 330 toward the ratchet wheel 230. This position is also called the active position. A spring 314 biases the bolt 310 in the direction of the locking disc, ie towards the inactive position.

The bolt 320 corresponds to the bolt 310 with respect to the pawl 340. The arrangement of the bolt 320 is substantially mirrored to the arrangement of the bolt 310. Thus, the inactive position of the bolt 320 is in the direction away from the lock washer 110, and its active position is toward the lock washer 110. Also, the bolt 320 is biased toward the inactive position by a spring 324, i. in the opposite direction to the bolt 310, biased.

In FIG. 7 It is shown that the driving projection 322 of the bolt 320 is arranged so that the spindle nut 222 by interacting with the driving projection 322 the Bolt 320 against the bias of the bolt biasing member 324 can press to the active position. The spindle nut 222 pushes the bolt 320 namely to the active position, if they are even further than in Fig. 7 shown in the direction of the locking plate 110 is moved. The position of the spindle nut 222, in which it presses the bolt biasing member 324 to the active position corresponds to the switching state "switch open". If this position, which may also be a position range, is present, thus, the pawl 340 can engage in the ratchet wheel 240. The bolt 320 thus constitutes an activating mechanism 320 which can activate the blocking mechanism represented by the pawl 340 and the ratchet wheel 240 when placed in an active position. This can be done as described above, when the spindle nut 222 reaches a position corresponding to the switching state "switch open". In other words, the activating mechanism 320 interacts with the spindle nut 222 so that the blocking mechanism 240, 340 is activated when the spindle nut 222 is in a switch open state. When the blocking mechanism 240, 340 is activated, it blocks rotation of the actuating shaft 202 in a direction that would move the spindle nut 222 farther toward the locking disc 110, ie in the direction of rotation that led to activation of the locking mechanism 240, 340. Thus, the combination of the described blocking mechanism 240, 340 and the activation mechanism 320 provides a stop which prevents further rotation of the actuating shaft 202 or further movement of the spindle nut 222, which would lead beyond the "switch open" switching state.

Similarly, an activation mechanism 310 is formed by the bolt 310 which can activate the blocking mechanism represented by the pawl 330 and the ratchet wheel 230 when placed in an active position. This happens when the spindle nut 222 reaches a position near the ratchet wheels 230, 240, which corresponds to the switching state "switch closed". As a result, a stop is provided which prevents a further rotation of the actuating shaft 202 or a further movement of the spindle nut 222, which would lead beyond this switching state.

The activation mechanism 310, 320 formed by the bolts 310 and 320 may not only interact with the spindle nut 222 and the actuation system 200, respectively, as described above. It may also interact with the adjustment system 100, as discussed below with reference to FIG Fig. 4 is described. Therein is one with the adjustment shaft 180th mitrotierbare end face 361 is shown, which is arranged at an oblique angle to the adjustment axis 186. The position and the oblique angle of the end face 361 is selected so that the end face 361 can press the driver 312 in response to the rotation angle of the setting shaft 180, and thereby bring the bolt 310 to the active position. In particular, the end face 361 may force the pin 310 to the active position when in the set state 95 or 96 (see FIG. Fig. 3 ), and allow its inactive position when the set state 93 or 94 is present. A further end face 362 rotatable with the adjusting shaft 180 is shown, which can press the driver 322 of the bolt 320 as a function of the angle of rotation of the adjusting shaft 180 and thereby achieve an analogous effect for the bolt 320.

When the bolts 310 and 320 are in the active position, the at Fig. 7 described blocking mechanism, which is formed by the respective ratchet wheels 230, 240 and the respective pawls 330, 340 activated. Thus, it can be ensured that in the setting states 95 or 96, the actuating shaft 202 and thus the switch of the electrical switching device, that is, in any of the two possible directions of rotation, can not be moved.

By the at Fig. 5 described blocking piece 226, the setting state 95 can be achieved only when the switching state "switch open" is present. In this case, the spindle nut 222 is in a position that pushes the bolt 320 to the active position. Since the bolt 320 is already in the active position anyway, the end face 362 has no effect on the setting state 95. Accordingly, the end face 361 for the adjustment state 96 has no effect. Thus, without significantly altering the operation of the actuator, the end surface 361 could alternatively be configured to place the bolt 310 in the active position only when the adjustment state 95 is present, and the end surface 362 could be configured to that it brings the bolt 320 in the active position only when the adjustment state 96 is present.

Claims (36)

Actuating unit (1) for an electrical switching device, comprising - An actuating shaft (202) which is rotatable about an actuating axis (206) for actuating a movable contact of the electrical switching device, - A first blocking mechanism (230, 330, 350) for the actuating shaft (202) which is activatable to block a rotational movement of the actuating shaft (202) in a first rotational direction, and - an activation mechanism (310, 320, 361, 362) for the first blocking mechanism (230, 330, 350) having means (310, 320, 361, 362) for activating the first blocking mechanism (230, 330, 350). Actuator (1) according to claim 1, further comprising - A second blocking mechanism (240, 340, 350) which is activatable to block a rotational movement of the actuating shaft (202) in a direction of rotation opposite to the second direction of rotation, and wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320, 361, 362) comprises means (310, 320, 361, 362) for activating the second blocking mechanism (240, 340, 350). An electric switch operating unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a first rotational state of the actuating shaft (202) defines a first switching state of the switching device, and wherein a second rotational state of the actuating shaft (202) defines a second switching state of the switching device. Actuating unit (1) for an electrical switching device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a spindle gear (220, 222) having a spindle thread (220) arranged on a surface of the actuating shaft (202) and a spindle nut (222.) Threaded onto the spindle thread (220) ), wherein a first position or a first position range of the spindle nut (222) defines a first switching state of the switching device, and a second position or a second position range of the spindle nut (222) defines a second switching state of the switching device. An actuator unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuation shaft (202) has an access (212) for manual actuation, and wherein the actuation shaft (202) is coupled to a motor for motorized actuation. Actuating unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first blocking mechanism (230, 330, 350) comprises: - One with the actuating shaft (202) mitdrehbares first ratchet wheel (230), and - A first pawl (330) which is arranged so that it can engage in the first ratchet wheel (230) to block by the engagement rotation of the actuating shaft (202) in the first direction of rotation. An actuator unit (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the second blocking mechanism (240, 340, 350) comprises: - A with the actuating shaft (202) co-rotatable second ratchet wheel (240), and - A second pawl (340) which is arranged so that it can engage in the second ratchet wheel (240) to block by the engagement rotation of the actuating shaft (202) in the second direction of rotation, which is opposite to the first direction of rotation , An actuator unit (1) according to any one of claims 6 or 7, wherein the first blocking mechanism (230, 330, 350) comprises a pawl biasing member (350) for biasing the first pawl (330) toward engagement with the first ratchet wheel (230) , An actuator unit (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the second blocking mechanism (240, 340, 350) comprises a pawl biasing member (350) for biasing the second pawl (340) toward engagement with the second ratchet wheel (240) , An actuator unit (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320) is arranged to activate the first blocking mechanism (230, 330, 350) when the first switching condition exists. An actuator unit (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320) is arranged to activate the second blocking mechanism (240, 340, 350) when the second switching condition exists. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the activating mechanism (310, 320) comprises a movable first retaining member (317) which can be brought into contact with the first pawl (330) to move the first pawl (330). against the bias of the pawl biasing member (350) so that the first pawl (330) does not engage the first ratchet wheel (230), wherein
the first retaining part (317) is arranged to release the contact of the first retaining part (317) with the first pawl (330) when the first moving state is present so that the first pawl (330) engages the first ratchet wheel (230) can intervene. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the activating mechanism (310, 320) has a movable second retaining part (327) which can be brought into contact with the second pawl (340) to move the second pawl (340). against the bias of the pawl biasing member (350) so that the second pawl (340) does not engage the second ratchet wheel (240), wherein
the second retaining member (327) is arranged to disengage the contact of the second retaining member (327) with the second pawl (340) when the second state of motion is present so that the second pawl (340) engages the second ratchet (240) can intervene. An actuator unit (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 13, wherein the activating mechanism (310, 320) comprises a first pin (310) having a first pin biasing member (314)
the first bolt (310) is movable to an inactive position and an active position and configured to restrain movement of the first pawl (330) toward the first ratchet wheel (230) when in the inactive position and to allow movement of the first pawl (330) toward the first ratchet wheel (230) when in the active position, and
the first bolt biasing member (314) biases the first bolt (310) toward the inactive position. Actuator (1) according to one of claims 6 to 14, wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320) comprises a second bolt (320) with a second bolt biasing member (324), wherein
the second pin (320) is movable to an inactive position and an active position and configured to restrain movement of the second pawl (340) toward the second ratchet wheel (240) when in the inactive position and to allow movement of the second pawl (340) toward the second ratchet wheel (240) when in the active position, and
the second bolt biasing member (324) biases the second bolt (320) toward the inactive position. Actuating unit (1) according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the first pin (310) has a driver (312) which is arranged so that the spindle nut (222) by interaction with the driver (312) against the first pin (310) against can bring the bias of the first pin biasing member (314) to the active position when the spindle nut (222) is in the first switching state. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the second bolt (320) has a driver (322) which is arranged so that the spindle nut (222) interacts with the driver (322), the second bolt (320 ) against the bias of the second pin biasing member (324) can bring to the active position when the spindle nut (222) is in the second switching state. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the first bolt (310) and the second bolt (320) are arranged parallel to each other and are biased in the opposite direction. A locking system (100) for locking an access (212) for an electrical switching device, comprising - an adjustment shaft (180) rotatable about an adjustment axis (186) for adjusting a plurality of adjustment states (93, 94, 95, 96) by selecting the rotation angle of the adjustment shaft (186), the plurality of adjustment states comprising a first adjustment State (95) and a second set state (96); and - One with the adjusting shaft (180) mitdrehbare latching disc (110), wherein at least one of the plurality of setting states (93, 94, 95, 96) is a locked setting state (93, 95, 96), and at least one of the plurality of setting states (93, 94, 95, 96) is an unlocked adjustment state (94), and the locking disc (110) is designed to lock the access (212) to the actuation system (200) when there is a locked adjustment state (93, 95, 96) and to provide access (212) to the actuation system (200); 200) when there is an unlocked adjustment state (94). The latch system (100) of claim 19, wherein the latch plate (110) has a recess (112) that, in the unlatched adjustment state (94), clears access (212) to the actuation system (200). A locking system (100) according to any one of claims 19 or 20, wherein a plurality of setting conditions are lock-secured setting conditions (93, 95, 96), respectively, being lock-locked by a lock (130, 150, 160) secured by a key (152, 162) can be closed and opened, and the one rotation of the adjusting shaft (180) blocked when the lock-secured state is present and the lock (130, 150, 160) is closed. The latch system (100) of claim 21, wherein the latch disc (110) has a blocking portion (114) and the at least one latch (130, 150, 160) is configured to engage the blocking portion (114) and thereby rotate the latch disc (110) when closed, and to release the engagement in the blocking portion (114) and thereby allow rotation of the locking disc (110) when it is opened. The latch system (100) of any of claims 19 to 22, wherein the adjustment shaft (180) includes a cam (194) arranged to actuate a switch (104) when the adjustment shaft assumes a defined adjustment state (93) , A lock system (100) according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the plurality of setting conditions include a locked setting state (93) for automatic operation of the movable contact, an unlocked setting state (94) for manual operation of the movable contact, and two locked setting states (95, 96) for blocking the movable contact in the open (95) or closed (96) switching state of the switching device include. Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 18, further comprising
a setting shaft (180) rotatable about an adjustment axis (186), wherein first and second rotational angles of the adjustment shaft (180) about the adjustment axis (186) define first and second adjustment states (95, 96), respectively. Actuating unit according to one of Claims 1 to 18 or according to Claim 25, having a locking system according to one of Claims 19 to 24. The actuator unit (1) of claim 25 or 26, wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320, 36.1, 362) is arranged to activate the first blocking mechanism (230, 330, 350) when the first adjustment state (95) is present. Actuator (1) according to one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320, 361, 362) is arranged and to activate the second blocking mechanism (240, 340, 350) when the second setting state (96 ) is present. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320, 361, 362) comprises a first bolt pusher (361) which is adapted to the first pin (310) in dependence on the rotation angle of the adjusting shaft (180 ) to press against the bias. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 25 to 29, wherein the activation mechanism (310, 320, 361, 362) comprises a second bolt pusher (362) which is adapted to the second bolt (320) in dependence of the rotation angle of the adjusting shaft (180 ) to press against the bias. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 29 to 30, wherein the first bolt pusher (361) comprises an end face (361) rotatable with the adjusting shaft (180), which is arranged at an oblique angle to the adjusting axis (186), so that the end face (361) can bring the first pin (310) against the bias of the first pin biasing member (314) to the active position when the first adjustment state (95) is present. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the second bolt pusher (362) comprises an end face (362) rotatable with the adjusting shaft (180), which is arranged at an oblique angle to the adjusting axis (186), so that the end face (362) can bring the second pin (320) against the bias of the second pin biasing member (324) to the active position when the second adjustment state (96) is present. An electric switch operating unit (1) according to any one of claims 25 to 32, further comprising an adjustment lock mechanism (226, 196, 197) configured to cause rotation of the adjustment shaft (180) toward the first adjustment state (95 ) to block when other than the first switching state. An electric switch operating unit (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 18 and 25 to 33, further comprising an adjustment lock mechanism (226, 196, 197) configured to cause rotation of the adjustment shaft (180) toward the second adjustment State (96) when other than the second switching state. Actuating unit (1) according to one of claims 33 or 34, as far as it also relates to claim 5, wherein the adjusting blocking mechanism (226, 196, 197) comprises a first cam (196) of the adjusting shaft (180) and a spindle nut (16). 222) comprises a secured blocking piece (226), wherein
the first cam (196) extends along a first blocking region associated with translational movement of the blocking member (226) out of the first state of motion, and wherein the first cam (196) is shaped such that rotation of the adjusting shaft (180) toward the first first setting state (95) is blocked by a stop of the first cam (196) on the blocking piece (226) when the blocking piece (226) is in the first blocking region. Actuator (1) according to any one of claims 33 to 35, as far as it also relates to claim 5, wherein the adjustment lock mechanism (226, 196, 197) comprises a second cam (197) of the adjustment shaft (180) and a spindle nut (16). 222) comprises a secured blocking piece (226), wherein
the second cam (197) extends along a first blocking region associated with translational movement of the blocking member (226) out of the second state of motion, and wherein the second cam (197) is shaped so that rotation of the adjusting shaft (180) towards second adjustment state (96) is blocked by a stop of the second cam (197) on the blocking piece (226) when the blocking piece (226) is in the second blocking region.

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