EP1984448A1 - Pbt à faible taux d'émission moulé par injection au moyen d'un dispositif de dégazage - Google Patents

Pbt à faible taux d'émission moulé par injection au moyen d'un dispositif de dégazage

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Publication number
EP1984448A1
EP1984448A1 EP07704289A EP07704289A EP1984448A1 EP 1984448 A1 EP1984448 A1 EP 1984448A1 EP 07704289 A EP07704289 A EP 07704289A EP 07704289 A EP07704289 A EP 07704289A EP 1984448 A1 EP1984448 A1 EP 1984448A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screw
weight
degassing
polybutylene terephthalate
emission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07704289A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Klenz
Norbert Effen
Mark VÖLKEL
Andreas Eipper
Jens Assmann
Michael Dahlke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP07704289A priority Critical patent/EP1984448A1/fr
Publication of EP1984448A1 publication Critical patent/EP1984448A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08L67/03—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the carboxyl- and the hydroxy groups directly linked to aromatic rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L35/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L35/06—Copolymers with vinyl aromatic monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/58—Details
    • B29C45/63—Venting or degassing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/006—PBT, i.e. polybutylene terephthalate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of low-emission moldings from thermoplastic molding compositions containing polybutylene terephthalate.
  • polyesters undergo degradation of thermal degradation by cleavage of the ester bond during processing.
  • polybutylene terephthalate has a pronounced tendency to thermal polymer degradation dependent on temperature and residence time (cf. Kunststoff-Handbuch W. Becker and D. Braun, Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff, 1992, pages 24 and 46).
  • Heat aging in a known manner comprises not only a thermal load, but at the same time also the influence of atmospheric oxygen (compare the above-cited Plastics Handbook, page 69).
  • Plastic moldings generally have the property of emitting volatiles that are present in the polymer after the manufacturing process or that are formed, for example, by the above-mentioned degradation, especially at elevated temperatures. Increased emission of volatiles, however, is undesirable in many applications, for example when using the polymer for the production of moldings for the automotive interior, whereby condensation of vaporized volatiles forms on the glass panes, especially on the windshield, so-called fogging precipitate, which can affect the view through the windshield.
  • Another special field of application is the production of headlamp covers whose performance characteristics are also affected by fogging by emission of volatile components from the plastic. It was therefore an object of the invention to provide a method according to which low-emission molded parts made of polybutylene terephthalate for increased service temperatures can be produced.
  • the invention consists in a process for the production of low-emission moldings for continuous service temperatures> 50 ° C from a thermoplastic molding composition comprising
  • b1) at least one vinylaromatic monomer
  • b2) at least one C 1 -C 4 -alkyl (meth) acrylate or (meth) acrylonitrile and b3) from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of components b1) to b3) , at least one monomer containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated anhydride, and
  • injection molding characterized in that the injection molding is carried out by means of a degassing plasticizing unit with a housing, with feed opening for the thermoplastic molding compound, with a screw which holds the thermoplastic molding compound in promotes a screw and plasticized and with one or more vent openings for the escape of volatile components from the plasticized thermoplastic molding material from the screw to the outside of the Entgasungsplastifizieriser performed.
  • moldings are referred to as being low in emissions, their fogging behavior being determined according to DIN 75201 but under more stringent test conditions, namely thermostating of the cup covered with a glass plate containing the test specimen at 160 ° C. over a period of time of 24 h, and subsequent testing of the glass plate with a Haze- Gard® plus measuring instrument by Byk Gardner for turbidity (wide-angle scattering, Haze), values for the haze according to the test method given above of ⁇ 20% or else ⁇ 15% or ⁇ 10 % having. It has surprisingly been found that it is possible in a simple manner, without the addition of stabilizers, to provide low-emission molded parts for increased continuous service temperatures of> 50 ° C. or> 80 ° C., or even> 90 ° C.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions it has surprisingly been found that it is possible, despite the known, above-mentioned disadvantages in the processing of polybutylene terephthalate containing thermoplastic molding compositions on injection molding machines with degassing senheit, starting from special thermoplastic molding compositions containing
  • b1) at least one vinylaromatic monomer
  • b2) at least one C 1 -C 4 -alkyl (meth) acrylate or (meth) acrylonitrile and b3) from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of components b1) to b3 ), at least one monomer containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated anhydride, and
  • the thermoplastic molding compositions to be processed according to the invention contain from 10 to 99.9, preferably from 30 to 99 and in particular from 30 to 90,% by weight of polybutylene terephthalate or mixtures thereof with polyethylene terephthalate and / or polypropylene terephthalate.
  • the polybutylene terephthalate or the mixtures thereof may preferably contain up to 1% by weight, preferably up to 0.75% by weight, of 1,6-hexanediol and / or 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediol as further monomer units.
  • the viscosity number of component (A) is generally in the range from 50 to 220, preferably from 80 to 160, measured in a 0.5% strength by weight solution in a phenol / o-dichlorobenzene mixture (wt. 1) at 25 ° C, according to ISO 1628.
  • polybutylene terephthalates whose carboxyl end group content is up to 100 meq / kg, preferably up to 50 meq / kg and in particular up to 40 meq / kg polybutylene terephthalate.
  • Such polybutylene terephthalates can be prepared, for example, by the process of DE-A 44 01 055.
  • the carboxyl end group content is usually determined by titration methods (e.g., potentiometry).
  • component (B) at least one, or a mixture of two or more, for example three to five, terpolymers of different structure, for example branched or linear, or different monomeric structure, e.g. statistically or block-like.
  • terpolymers of different structure for example branched or linear, or different monomeric structure, e.g. statistically or block-like.
  • terpolymer of one type Preferred terpolymers include those which are substantially linear and have a substantially random structure.
  • a vinylaromatic monomer or a mixture of two or more e.g. used three to five different vinyl aromatic monomers.
  • vinylaromatic monomers are e.g. Styrene and substituted styrenes, such as Cr to C ⁇ -alkyl ring alkylated styrenes such as p-methylstyrene or t-butylstyrene into consideration.
  • Particularly preferred are styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene or mixtures thereof.
  • styrene is used alone as b1).
  • the monomeric building block b2) from which the terpolymer B is obtainable may contain one or a mixture of two or more, eg three to five different d-bis-C 4 - Alkyl (meth) acrylates, of which methyl methacrylate is preferably used. As b2) but also methacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile can be used. In addition, it is possible as b2) to use a mixture of one or more d-bis-C 4 -alkyl (meth) acrylates and methacrylonitrile and / or acrylonitrile. Particular preference is given to using b2) acrylonitrile alone.
  • At least one monomer containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated anhydride or e.g. a mixture of two or more, e.g. Three to five such monomers are used according to the invention as monomeric building block b3) for the preparation of terpolymers B.
  • monomeric building block b3 aromatic as well as aliphatic compounds having at least one anhydride group into consideration. Preference is given to monomers which have no more than one anhydride group. Particular preference is given to using b3) maleic anhydride.
  • the proportion of component b3) in the terpolymer is according to the invention from 0.1 to 10, more preferably from 0.2 to 6, in particular from 0.2 to 4 wt .-%, based on the total weight of components b1) to b3), which add up to 100 wt .-%.
  • the proportion of the two other components, b1) and b2) can vary within wide ranges and depends primarily on the required miscibility of component A.
  • the proportion of component b1) is from 60 to 94.9, preferably from 61, 5 to 89.9, in particular from 68 to 84.9 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the components b1) to b3), which add up to 100 wt .-%.
  • the component b2) in an amount of 5 to 36, preferably from 10 to 35, in particular from 15 to 29 wt .-% in the terpolymers.
  • the molecular weight of the terpolymer can vary within wide limits. Average molecular weights in the range of 60,000 to 350,000 g / mol have been found to be suitable. Often, molecular weights in the range of 80,000 to 300,000 g / mol are advantageous. Particularly preferred terpolymers have molecular weights in the range of from 90,000 to 210,000 g / mol. Incidentally, the molecular weights given above are weight averages determined by GPC as described above.
  • the terpolymers B are preferably prepared by free-radical polymerization, particularly preferably by continuous solution polymerization.
  • the monomers can be dissolved, for example, in methyl ethyl ketone and the polymerization either thermally initiated or if desired or required, an initiator, such as a peroxide, to be added to this solution.
  • the reaction mixture is generally polymerized at elevated temperature for several hours and then worked up.
  • the proportion of component (B) in the thermoplastic molding compositions is usually adapted to the requirements of the product.
  • the molding compositions of the invention preferably contain from 0.1 to 50, more preferably from 0.5 to 20, in particular from 1 to 15,% by weight, based on the total weight of components A to C, of the terpolymer B.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions may contain 0 to 60, in particular up to 50% by weight of further additives and processing aids.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions 0 to 5, preferably 0.05 to 3 and in particular 0.1 to 2 wt .-% of at least one ester or amide of saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids having 10 to 40, preferably 16 to 22 C Atoms with aliphatic saturated alcohols or amines having 2 to 40, preferably 2 to 6, carbon atoms.
  • the carboxylic acids can be 1- or 2-valent. Examples which may be mentioned are pelargonic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, margaric acid, dodecanedioic acid, behenic acid and particularly preferably stearic acid, capric acid and montanic acid (mixture of fatty acids having 30 to 40 carbon atoms).
  • the aliphatic alcohols can be 1 to 4 valent.
  • examples of alcohols are n-butanol, n-octanol, stearyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, pentaerythritol, with glycerol and pentaerythritol being preferred.
  • the aliphatic amines can be monohydric to trihydric. Examples of these are stearylamine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, di (6-aminohexyl) amine, with ethylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine being particularly preferred.
  • preferred esters or amides are glycerol distearate, glycerol tristearate, ethylenediamine distearate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol trilaurate, glycerol monobehenate and pentaerythritol tetrastearate.
  • esters or amides or esters with amides are, for example, in amounts of up to 40, preferably up to 30 wt .-% rubber-elastic polymers (often also referred to as impact modifiers, elastomers or rubbers).
  • these are copolymers which are preferably composed of at least two of the following monomers: ethylene, propylene, butadiene, isobutene, isoprene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylonitrile and acrylic or methacrylic esters with 1 to 18 C Atoms in the alcohol component.
  • EPM ethylene-propylene
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene
  • EPM rubbers generally have practically no double bonds, while EPDM rubbers can have 1 to 20 double bonds / 100 carbon atoms.
  • diene monomers for EPDM rubbers for example, conjugated dienes such as isoprene and butadiene, non-conjugated dienes having 5 to 25 carbon atoms such as penta-1, 4-diene, hexa-1, 4-diene, hexa-1, 5 -diene, 2,5-dimethylhexa-1,5-diene and octa-1,4-diene, cyclic dienes such as cyclopentadiene, cyclohexadienes, cyclooctadienes and dicyclopentadienes, and also alkenylnorbornenes such as 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, 5- Butylidene-2-norbornene, 2-methallyl-5-norbornene, 2-isopropenyl-5-norbornene and tricyclodienes such as 3-methyltricyclo (5.2.1.0.2.6) -3,8-decadiene or mixtures thereof.
  • the diene content of the EPDM rubbers is preferably 0.5 to 50, in particular 1 to 8 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the rubber.
  • EPM or EPDM rubbers may preferably also be grafted with reactive carboxylic acids or their derivatives.
  • reactive carboxylic acids or their derivatives e.g. Acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and its derivatives, e.g. Glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and called maleic anhydride.
  • Another group of preferred rubbers are copolymers of ethylene with acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid and / or the esters of these acids.
  • dicarboxylic acid derivatives or monomers containing epoxy groups are preferably incorporated into the rubber by addition of monomers containing dicarboxylic acid or epoxy groups of the general formulas I or II or III or IV to the monomer mixture
  • CH 2 CR 9 COO (CH 1 p CH-CHR 8 (
  • R 1 to R 9 are hydrogen or alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and m is an integer of 0 to 20, g is an integer of 0 to 10 and p is an integer of 0 to 5
  • the radicals R 1 to R 9 preferably denote hydrogen, where m is 0 or 1 and g is 1.
  • the corresponding compounds are maleic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, allyl glycidyl ether and vinyl glycidyl ether.
  • Preferred compounds of the formulas I, II and IV are maleic acid, maleic anhydride and epoxy group-containing esters of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, such as glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and the esters with tertiary alcohols, such as t-butyl acrylate. Although the latter have no free carboxyl groups, their behavior is close to the free acids and are therefore termed monomers with latent carboxyl groups.
  • the copolymers consist of 50 to 98 wt .-% of ethylene, 0.1 to 20 wt .-% of monomers containing epoxy groups and / or methacrylic acid and / or monomers containing acid anhydride groups and the remaining amount of (meth) acrylic acid esters.
  • 0.1 to 40 in particular 0.3 to 20 wt .-% glycidyl acrylate and / or glycidyl methacrylate, (meth) acrylic acid and / or maleic anhydride, and
  • esters of acrylic and / or methacrylic acid are the methyl, ethyl, propyl and i- or t-butyl esters.
  • vinyl esters and vinyl ethers can also be used as comonomers.
  • the ethylene copolymers described above can be prepared by methods known per se, preferably by random copolymerization under high pressure and elevated temperature. Corresponding methods are generally known.
  • Preferred elastomers are also emulsion polymers, their preparation e.g. at Blackley in the monograph "Emulsion Polymerization".
  • the emulsifiers and catalysts which can be used are known per se.
  • homogeneously constructed elastomers or those with a shell structure can be used.
  • the shell-like structure is determined by the order of addition of the individual monomers; the morphology of the polymers is also influenced by this order of addition.
  • monomers for the preparation of the rubber part of the elastomers are acrylates such as, for example, n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, corresponding methacrylates, butadiene and isoprene, and mixtures thereof. These monomers can be copolymerized with other monomers such as styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl ethers and other acrylates or methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and propyl acrylate.
  • the soft or rubbery phase (having a glass transition temperature lower than 0 ° C.) of the elastomers may be the core, the outer shell, or a middle shell (for elastomers having more than two shell construction); in the case of multi-shell elastomers, it is also possible for a plurality of shells to consist of a rubber phase.
  • one or more hard components on the structure of the elastomer involved, these are generally prepared by polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, Acrylklareestern and methacrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as the main monomers.
  • these hard components with glass transition temperatures of more than 2O 0 C
  • these are generally prepared by polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, Acrylklareestern and methacrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as the main monomers.
  • methacrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as the
  • emulsion polymers which have reactive groups on the surface.
  • groups are e.g. Epoxy, carboxyl, latent carboxyl, amino or amide groups, and functional groups obtained by concomitant use of monomers of the general formula
  • R 10 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group
  • RR 1111 hydrogen, a C 1 to C 8 alkyl group or an aryl group, in particular
  • R 12 is hydrogen, a C r to Cio-alkyl, C 6 - to C 2 -aryl or -OR 13
  • R 13 is a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl or C 6 -C 12 -aryl group which may optionally be substituted by O- or N-containing groups,
  • X is a chemical bond, d- to Cio-alkylene or C 6 -C 2 -arylene or
  • Z is a Cr to Cio-alkylene or Ce to Ci 2 -Arylenolitic compound.
  • the graft monomers described in EP-A 208 187 are also suitable for introducing reactive groups on the surface.
  • acrylamide methacrylamide and substituted esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, such as (Nt-butylamino) -ethyl methacrylate, (N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate, (N, N-dimethylamino) -methyl acrylate and (N, N-) Diethylamino) ethyl acrylate.
  • the particles of the rubber phase can also be crosslinked.
  • monomers acting as crosslinkers are buta-1,3-diene, divinylbenzene, diallyl phthalate and dihydrodicyclopentadienyl acrylate, and also the compounds described in EP-A 50 265.
  • graft-linking monomers can also be used, ie monomers having two or more polymerizable double bonds which react at different rates during the polymerization. Preference is given to using those compounds in which at least one reactive group polymerizes at about the same rate as the other monomers, while the other reactive group (or reactive groups), for example, polymerizes (polymerizes) much more slowly.
  • the different polymerization rates bring a certain proportion of unsaturated double bonds in the rubber with it. If a further phase is subsequently grafted onto such a rubber, the double bonds present in the rubber react at least partially with the grafting monomers to form chemical bonds, ie the grafted-on phase is at least partially linked to the grafting base via chemical bonds.
  • graft-crosslinking monomers examples include allyl-containing monomers, in particular allyl esters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl itaconate or the corresponding monoallyl compounds of these dicarboxylic acids.
  • allyl-containing monomers such as allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl itaconate or the corresponding monoallyl compounds of these dicarboxylic acids.
  • allyl-containing monomers in particular allyl esters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl itaconate or the corresponding monoallyl compounds of these dicarboxylic acids.
  • the proportion of these crosslinking monomers in the impact-modifying polymer is up to 5% by weight, preferably not more than 3% by weight, based on the impact-modifying polymer.
  • graft polymers having a core and at least one outer shell, which have the following structure:
  • graft polymers in particular ABS and / or ASA polymers in amounts of up to 40% by weight, are preferably used for the toughening of PBT, optionally mixed with up to 40% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • Corresponding blend products are available under the trademark Ultradur ® S (formerly Ultra Blend ® S from BASF AG).
  • Ultradur ® S now Ultra Blend ® S from BASF AG.
  • graft polymers having a multi-shell structure it is also possible to use homogeneous, ie single-shell, elastomers of buta-1,3-diene, isoprene and n-butyl acrylate or copolymers thereof.
  • These products can also be prepared by concomitant use of crosslinking monomers or monomers having reactive groups.
  • emulsion polymers examples include n-butyl acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, n-butyl acrylate / glycidyl acrylate or n-butyl acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate copolymers, graft polymers having an inner core of n-butyl acrylate or butadiene-based and an outer shell of the above copolymers and copolymers of ethylene with comonomers which provide reactive groups.
  • the described elastomers may also be prepared by other conventional methods, e.g. by suspension polymerization.
  • Silicone rubbers as described in DE-A 37 25 576, EP-A 235 690, DE-A 38 00 603 and EP-A 319 290, are likewise preferred.
  • fibrous or particulate fillers C there may be mentioned carbon fibers, glass fibers, glass spheres, amorphous silica, asbestos, calcium silicate, calcium metasilicate, magnesium carbonate, kaolin, chalk, powdered quartz, mica, barium sulfate and feldspar, which are used in amounts of up to 50% by weight. -%, in particular up to 40% are used.
  • Preferred fibrous fillers are carbon fibers, aramid fibers and potassium titanate fibers, glass fibers being particularly preferred as E glass. These can be used as rovings or cut glass in the commercial forms.
  • the fibrous fillers can be surface-pretreated for better compatibility with the thermoplastic with a silane compound.
  • Suitable silane compounds are those of the general formula (X- (CH 2 ) n ) k -Si- (OC m H 2m + 1 ) 4 _ k
  • X is NH 2 -, CH 2 -CH-, HO-,
  • n is an integer from 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 4, m is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2, k is an integer from 1 to 3, preferably 1
  • Preferred silane compounds are aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminobutyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminobutyltriethoxysilane and the corresponding silanes which contain a glycidyl group as substituent X.
  • the silane compounds are generally used in amounts of 0.05 to 5, preferably 0.5 to 1, 5 and in particular 0.8 to 1 wt .-% (based on D) for surface coating.
  • acicular mineral fillers are also suitable.
  • the term "needle-shaped mineral fillers” is understood to mean a mineral filler with a pronounced, needle-like character.
  • An example is acicular wollastonite.
  • the mineral has a UD (length diameter) ratio of 8: 1 to 35: 1, preferably 8: 1 to 1: 1: 1.
  • the mineral filler may optionally be pretreated with the silane compounds mentioned above; however, pretreatment is not essential.
  • Kaolin, calcined kaolin, wollastonite, talc and chalk are mentioned as further fillers.
  • molding compositions of the invention preferably contain talc, which is a hydrated magnesium silicate of the formula Mg 3 [(OH) 2 / Si 4 ⁇ io] or 3 MgO SiO 2 ⁇ ⁇ 4 H 2 O.
  • talc is a hydrated magnesium silicate of the formula Mg 3 [(OH) 2 / Si 4 ⁇ io] or 3 MgO SiO 2 ⁇ ⁇ 4 H 2 O.
  • Mg 3 [(OH) 2 / Si 4 ⁇ io] or 3 MgO SiO 2 ⁇ ⁇ 4 H 2 O are so-called three-layer phyllosilicates have a triclinic, monoclinic or rhombic crystal structure with a platelet-like appearance.
  • Mn, Ti, Cr, Ni, Na and K may be present, wherein the OH group may be partially replaced by fluoride.
  • talc the particle size of which is 99.5% ⁇ 20 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size distribution is usually determined by sedimentation analysis DIN 6616-1 and is preferably:
  • Such products are commercially available as Micro-Tale I.T. extra (Omya) available.
  • Talc is contained in amounts of 0.01 to 20 wt .-% in the molding compositions.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions may contain conventional processing aids such as stabilizers, antioxidants, agents against thermal decomposition and decomposition by ultraviolet light, lubricants and mold release agents, colorants such as dyes and pigments, nucleating agents, plasticizers, etc.
  • oxidation inhibitors and heat stabilizers are sterically hindered phenols and / or phosphites, hydroquinones, aromatic secondary amines such as diphenylamines, various substituted representatives of these groups and their mixtures in concentrations of up to 1% by weight, based on the weight of the thermoplastic molding compositions called.
  • UV stabilizers which are generally used in amounts of up to 2 wt .-%, based on the molding composition, various substituted resorcinols, salicylates, benzotriazoles and benzophenones may be mentioned.
  • inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, ultramarine blue, iron oxide and carbon black, furthermore organic pigments such as phthalocyanines, quinacridones, perylenes and also dyes such as nigrosine and anthraquinones as colorants.
  • sodium phenylphosphinate, alumina, silica and preferably talc may be used.
  • Other lubricants and mold release agents are usually used in amounts of up to 1 wt .-%.
  • Preferred are long-chain fatty acids (eg stearic acid or behenic acid), their salts (eg Ca or Zn stearate) or montan waxes (mixtures of straight-chain, saturated carboxylic acids having chain lengths of 28 to 32 carbon atoms) and Ca or Na montanate and also low molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene waxes.
  • plasticizers are dioctyl phthalate, dibenzyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, hydrocarbon oils and N- (n-butyl) benzenesulfonamide.
  • the thermoplastic molding compositions may contain from 0 to 2 wt .-% fluorine-containing ethylene polymers. These are polymers of ethylene with a fluorine content of 55 to 76 wt .-%, preferably 70 to 76 wt .-%.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers or tetrafluoroethylene copolymers with smaller amounts (as a rule up to 50% by weight) of copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers or tetrafluoroethylene copolymers with smaller amounts (as a rule up to 50% by weight) of copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
  • fluorine-containing ethylene polymers are homogeneously distributed in the molding compositions and preferably have a particle size d 50 (number average) in the range of 0.05 to 10 .mu.m, in particular from 0.1 to 5 .mu.m. These small particle sizes can be achieved particularly preferably by using aqueous dispersions of fluorine-containing ethylene polymers and incorporating them into a polyester melt.
  • thermoplastic molding compositions can be prepared by processes known per se, in which mixing the starting components in conventional mixing devices such as screw extruders, Brabender mills or Banbury mills and then extruded. After extrusion, the extrudate can be cooled and comminuted. It is also possible to premix individual components and then to add the remaining starting materials individually and / or likewise mixed.
  • the mixing temperatures are usually 230 to 29O 0 C.
  • the components (B) and optionally (C) can be mixed with a prepolymer, formulated and granulated become.
  • the resulting granules are then condensed in solid phase under inert gas continuously or discontinuously at a temperature below the melting point of component (A) to the desired viscosity.
  • the thermoplastic molding composition is preferably used as granules. Entga- sungsplastifizieriseren for injection molding in a known manner, a housing (cylinder) with feed opening for the thermoplastic molding material, a screw which conveys the granules in a screw and plasticized, and one or more vent openings for the escape of volatile components from the plasticized ther- from the worm gear to the outside from the degassing plasticizing unit. At the end of the degassing plasticizing unit, the degassed and plasticized material is injected cyclically into a mold.
  • the Entgasungsplastifizierritt is selected so that the one or the first of the plurality of degassing in the conveying direction of the screw in Entgasungsplastifizierech is positioned at a position at which the polybutylene terephthalate granules at least 60%, preferably at least 80%, more preferred at least 90% plasticized.
  • the cross-sectional area of the one or the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the plurality of vent openings is preferably selected to be in the range of 2 to 70% of the cross-sectional area of the worm, preferably in the range of 10 to 30% of the cross-sectional area of the worm.
  • the method is particularly suitable for use in the production of molded parts for use in the automotive sector, in particular for the production of headlight covers.
  • polybutylene rephthalate (Ultradur ® from BASF AG) into plates with dimensions of 10 x 110 x 1 mm 3, for comparison to an injection molding machine of the company.
  • the plates were produced with the three-zone screw and the degassing screw, each with the following process parameters:
  • the residence time of Ultradur ® -Materials in the injection molding machine with three-zone screw was 80 s, 10 s vs 1 in the injection molding machine with degassing screw.
  • the comparative experiments V1 and V2.1 were carried out with a standard injection molding machine, the experiments B1 (according to the invention) and V2.2 (for comparison, for a non-inventive polybutylene terephthalate granules) with an injection molding machine with plasticizing unit with degassing.
  • a polybutylene terephthalate granules according to the invention was used, referred to as product 1, containing 62.4 wt .-% of a component A / 1 of polybutylene terephthalate having a viscosity number of 130 ml / g, measured in 0.5 wt.
  • Comparative experiments V2.1 and V2.2 were carried out with a polybutylene terephthalate not according to the invention, designated product 2, which contained no terpolymer (component B) and the abovementioned component A / 1 at 64.9% by weight, A / 2 to 34.9 wt .-% and the additive C to 0.20 wt .-%.
  • product 2 which contained no terpolymer (component B) and the abovementioned component A / 1 at 64.9% by weight, A / 2 to 34.9 wt .-% and the additive C to 0.20 wt .-%.
  • the plates were used to produce samples in the form of circular discs 80 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness.
  • the samples were examined by characterizing the emission properties according to DIN 75201 but with test conditions which were stricter than the DIN standard mentioned, namely by thermostating the cup covered with a glass sheet and containing the sample at 160 ° C. for 24 hours.
  • the glass plates wur- to a measuring apparatus Haze-Gard ® Byk Gardner examined for turbidity and sharpness.
  • the test results are listed in the following table:
  • results in the table show that the samples prepared from a polybutylene terephthalate granulate according to the invention from an injection molding machine with plasticizing unit with degassing opening have a marked reduction in the emission effect, expressed as turbidity, with increased image sharpness.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées à faible taux d'émission destinées à des températures d'utilisation prolongée > 50 °C, par moulage par injection, à partir d'un mélange à mouler thermoplastique, contenant A) 10 à 99,9 % en poids de téréphtalate de polybutylène ou de mélanges de ce dernier et de téréphtalate de polyéthylène et/ou de téréphtalate de polypropylène, B) 0,1 à 50 % en poids d'au moins un terpolymère, obtenu à partir b1) d'au moins un monomère vinylaromatique, b2) d'au moins un alkyl(méth)acrylate en C<SUB>1</SUB> à C<SUB>4</SUB> ou (méth)acrylnitrile et b3) de 0,1 à 10 % en poids, par rapport au poids total des constituants b1) à b3), d'au moins un monomère renfermant un anhydride a,ß-insaturé, et C) 0 à 60 % en poids d'autres additifs, la somme des pourcentages en poids des constituants (A) à (C) étant égale à 100 %. L'invention se caractérise en ce que le moulage par injection est effectué au moyen d'une unité de plastification et dégazage présentant un corps pourvu d'un orifice d'alimentation destiné au mélange à mouler thermoplastique, une vis, qui achemine le mélange à mouler thermoplastique dans un pas de vis et plastifie ce mélange, ainsi qu'un ou plusieurs orifices de dégazage par lequel ou lesquels des fractions volatiles peuvent s'échapper du mélange à mouler thermoplastique plastifié situé dans le pas de vis pour sortir de l'unité de plastification et de dégazage.
EP07704289A 2006-02-06 2007-02-01 Pbt à faible taux d'émission moulé par injection au moyen d'un dispositif de dégazage Withdrawn EP1984448A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07704289A EP1984448A1 (fr) 2006-02-06 2007-02-01 Pbt à faible taux d'émission moulé par injection au moyen d'un dispositif de dégazage

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06101341 2006-02-06
EP07704289A EP1984448A1 (fr) 2006-02-06 2007-02-01 Pbt à faible taux d'émission moulé par injection au moyen d'un dispositif de dégazage
PCT/EP2007/050967 WO2007090781A1 (fr) 2006-02-06 2007-02-01 Pbt à faible taux d'émission moulé par injection au moyen d'un dispositif de dégazage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1984448A1 true EP1984448A1 (fr) 2008-10-29

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Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20090039557A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1984448A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20080091364A (fr)
CN (1) CN101379135A (fr)
AU (1) AU2007213778A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2637773A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL192685A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO20083373L (fr)
RU (1) RU2008135928A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007090781A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200806741B (fr)

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KR102643578B1 (ko) 2015-08-28 2024-03-05 사빅 글로벌 테크놀러지스 비.브이. 폴리(부틸렌 테레프탈레이트) 방법 및 관련 조성물 및 물품
WO2024087056A1 (fr) * 2022-10-26 2024-05-02 Du Pont China Holding Company Limited, Shanghai Branch Composite polymère à faible émission de cov

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DD290618A5 (de) * 1989-12-21 1991-06-06 Veb Verpackungsmaschinenbau,De Verfahren zum spritzgiessen von kunststoffen
DE10259266A1 (de) * 2002-12-17 2004-07-01 Basf Ag Thermoplastische Formmassen

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Title
See references of WO2007090781A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2008135928A (ru) 2010-03-20
IL192685A0 (en) 2009-02-11
KR20080091364A (ko) 2008-10-10
AU2007213778A1 (en) 2007-08-16
ZA200806741B (en) 2009-11-25
NO20083373L (no) 2008-08-26
CN101379135A (zh) 2009-03-04
WO2007090781A1 (fr) 2007-08-16
US20090039557A1 (en) 2009-02-12
CA2637773A1 (fr) 2007-08-16

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