EP1984078A2 - Procedes et systemes d'administration de radiotherapie pour traiter des troubles chez des patients - Google Patents

Procedes et systemes d'administration de radiotherapie pour traiter des troubles chez des patients

Info

Publication number
EP1984078A2
EP1984078A2 EP07757077A EP07757077A EP1984078A2 EP 1984078 A2 EP1984078 A2 EP 1984078A2 EP 07757077 A EP07757077 A EP 07757077A EP 07757077 A EP07757077 A EP 07757077A EP 1984078 A2 EP1984078 A2 EP 1984078A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
radiation
irradiating
laser beam
patient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07757077A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Charles W. Spangler
Aleksander Rebane
Jean-Pierre Laurent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rasiris Inc
Original Assignee
Rasiris Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rasiris Inc filed Critical Rasiris Inc
Publication of EP1984078A2 publication Critical patent/EP1984078A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/067—Radiation therapy using light using laser light
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00904—Automatic detection of target tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B2018/2035—Beam shaping or redirecting; Optical components therefor
    • A61B2018/20351—Scanning mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B2018/2035—Beam shaping or redirecting; Optical components therefor
    • A61B2018/20361—Beam shaping or redirecting; Optical components therefor with redirecting based on sensed condition, e.g. tissue analysis or tissue movement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B2018/2065—Multiwave; Wavelength mixing, e.g. using four or more wavelengths
    • A61B2018/207—Multiwave; Wavelength mixing, e.g. using four or more wavelengths mixing two wavelengths
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/0658—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the wavelength of light used

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to methods and systems for delivering radiation therapy to treat cancer and other disorders in patients.
  • Cancer is the second leading cause of death among Americans, and the American Cancer Society estimates that more than 1.3 million new cases of cancer were diagnosed in 2005. Approximately 212,930 of these new cases were invasive breast cancer (defined as Stages MV) that will cause an estimated 40,870 deaths. Additionally, many more cases of other types of cancer, such as head and neck cancers, occur every year. Early detection of breast cancer and other cancers is critical to successful treatment and enhanced survival rates, as illustrated below in Table ! TABLE 1
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a system for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate several procedures in one method for delivering radiation therapy to treat breast cancer in patients in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a patient and a portion of the radiation therapy system of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a path for irradiating lymph nodes in a patient in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a system for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a system for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a system for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a system for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 9A a schematic illustration of a system for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with still another embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 9B is a schematic illustration of an imaging unit and treating head that can be used in the system illustrated in Figure 9A.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a system for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • An embodiment of one such method includes obtaining imaging data of a target in a patient, irradiating the target with a radiation directed at the target based on the obtained imaging data, and activating a photodynamic therapy agent in the patient with the radiation.
  • the radiation is transcutaneous ⁇ transmitted from the radiation source or radiation delivery device to subcutaneous targets, or the radiation is transmitted from an external site for cutaneous targets.
  • the target therefore, can be subcutaneous, cutaneous, or have both subcutaneous and cutaneous portions.
  • Irradiating the target may include scanning the laser beam across the target or irradiating the entire target simultaneously.
  • the radiation source can be a laser, a light emitting diode (LED), or a lamp (e.g., incandescent and/or fluorescent).
  • a method in another embodiment, includes introducing into a patient an agent including a targeting component for directing the agent to a target in the patient, imaging the target by irradiating the target with radiation having a first wavelength to activate an imaging component of the agent, and activating a photodynamic therapy component of the agent by applying radiation having a second wavelength to the target.
  • the activated imaging component of the agent fluoresces at the target. Imaging the target can include capturing the fluorescence of the imaging component at the target and generating a three-dimensional image of the target based on the captured fluorescence.
  • a method in another embodiment, includes irradiating a target in a patient with radiation having a first wavelength, generating a digital three-dimensional image of the target, and irradiating the target based on the three-dimensional image with radiation having a second wavelength different than the first wavelength.
  • Irradiating the target with radiation having the second wavelength can include irradiating the target with a pulsed laser capable of initiating efficient two-photon absorption or other suitable lasers.
  • a system includes an imaging unit for capturing an image of a target in a patient, a laser for irradiating the target and activating a photodynamic therapy agent in the patient, and a controller operably coupled to the imaging unit and the laser for operating the laser to irradiate the target based on the captured image of the target.
  • the laser is configured to generate a laser beam along a beam path, and the system can further include an optical element assembly aligned with the beam path for redirecting and/or conditioning the laser beam.
  • the system may further include a second laser for irradiating the target and activating an imaging agent at the target.
  • a system in another embodiment, includes a first radiation delivery device for irradiating a target in a patient with radiation having a first wavelength, an imaging unit for capturing a digital image of the target, a second radiation delivery device for irradiating the target with radiation having a second wavelength different than the first wavelength, and a controller operably coupled to the second radiation delivery device and the imaging unit for irradiating the target with radiation having the second wavelength based on the captured digital image.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a system 100 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 100 irradiates an area of a patient 190 containing a target 192 to activate an imaging agent at the target 192.
  • the activated imaging agent at the target 192 fluoresces or emits another type of radiation.
  • the system 100 captures the radiation and generates an image of the target 192 from the radiation.
  • the system 100 selectively irradiates the target 192 to activate a photodynamic agent, which treats a specific disorder (e.g., cancer) in the patient 190.
  • a specific disorder e.g., cancer
  • the target can be in the breast, head, neck or other affected area of the patient.
  • the illustrated system 100 includes a first laser 110 (shown schematically) for producing a first laser beam 112, a first optical element assembly 114 for directing and/or conditioning the first laser beam 112, and a positioning device 116 (shown schematically) for moving and/or positioning the optical element assembly 114 to direct the first laser beam 112 toward a desired area of the patient 190.
  • the first laser 110 can be a diode laser, a gas laser, a solid state laser, a dye laser, a fiber laser, a pulsed laser capable of initiating efficient two-photon absorption, or another suitable laser for generating the first laser beam 112.
  • the first laser 110 is configured to generate the first laser beam 112 with a wavelength selected to penetrate tissue and activate an imaging agent in the patient 190.
  • the first laser beam 112 can have a wavelength of approximately 748 nanometers.
  • the first laser 110 can generate a variable-frequency laser beam, and/or the first laser beam 112 can have a different wavelength in the near-infrared range or in other suitable ranges to penetrate the tissue and activate the imaging agent in the patient 190.
  • the system 100 may not include the first laser 110, but rather a different type of radiation source to activate the imaging agent in the patient 190.
  • the radiation source for activating the imaging agent or other component of the drug may be an LED array or a lamp in lieu of or in addition to a laser.
  • the first optical element assembly 114 conditions the first laser beam 112 and directs the beam 112 from the first laser 110 to a desired area of the patient 190.
  • the first optical element assembly 114 can include a collimator, lenses, mirrors, beam splitters, and/or other suitable optical members that redirect and/or condition the first laser beam 112.
  • the positioning device 116 is operably coupled to the first optical element assembly 114 for moving one or more components of the assembly 114 to direct the first laser beam 112 toward a desired area of the patient 190.
  • the positioning device 116 can move the first optical element assembly 114 to scan the first laser beam 112 across an area of the patient 190 that includes the target 192.
  • the system 100 may include another positioning device for moving the first laser 110 or the patient 190 in lieu of or in addition to the positioning device 116.
  • the illustrated system 100 further includes an imaging unit 120 for capturing radiation 128 emitted by the imaging agent in the patient 190 and a controller 140 (shown schematically) operably coupled to the first laser 110, the positioning device 116, and the imaging unit 120.
  • the imaging unit 120 captures and digitizes the radiation 128 emitted by the activated imaging agent at the target 192 to generate a three-dimensional image of the target 192.
  • the imaging unit 120 can include a CCD camera, a CT scanner, an MRI machine, an X-ray apparatus, or another suitable imaging device. Suitable CCD cameras include the Pixis camera manufactured by Roper Scientific of Trenton, New Jersey; the Maestro manufactured by CRI Inc.
  • the imaging unit 120 may have time-gated cameras that detect the emission and scattering of the radiation caused by the imaging component or other component of the drug. Such time-gated detection can occur during, between or after illumination pulses.
  • the imaging unit 120 may further include lenses and/or filters to separate the radiation 128 emitted by the imaging agent from the excitation light.
  • the imaging unit 120 includes two CCD cameras having different filters such that one camera captures the excitation light and the other camera captures the radiation 128 emitted from the imaging agent.
  • the imaging unit 120 and/or the controller 140 generates a three- dimensional image of the target 192 based on the radiation 128 emitted from the imaging agent at the target 192.
  • the system 100 may further include a high-resolution display (not shown) so that an oncologist and/or technician can observe the image.
  • the system 100 illustrated in Figure 1 further includes a second laser 130 (shown schematically) for producing a second laser beam 132, a second optical element assembly 134 for directing and/or conditioning the second laser beam 132, and a positioning device 136 for moving and/or positioning the second optical element assembly 134 to direct the second laser beam 132 toward a desired area of the patient 190.
  • the second laser 130 is configured to produce the second laser beam 132 with a wavelength selected to activate a photodynamic therapy agent at the target 192.
  • the second laser 130 can be a pulsed laser capable of initiating efficient two-photon absorption that produces a laser beam in the near-infrared range (e.g., 750-850 nanometers).
  • the second laser 130 has the following parameters:
  • the second laser 130 may have different parameters.
  • Another suitable embodiment of the second laser 130 can provide beams with wavelengths of approximately 800-1,500 nanometers and pulse durations of 1 ps to 100 ns.
  • Suitable lasers may include the Libra and Legend lasers manufactured by Coherent Inc. of Santa Clara, California; the CPA-series lasers manufactured by Clark- MXR Inc.
  • the second laser 130 may not be a pulsed laser capable of initiating efficient two-photon absorption, and/or the system 100 may include a single laser capable of generating the first and second laser beams 112 and 132 in lieu of the first and second lasers 110 and 130.
  • the second optical element assembly 134 conditions the second laser beam 132 and directs the beam 132 from the second laser 130 toward the target 192 of the patient 190.
  • the second optical element assembly 134 also focuses the second laser beam 132 to a desired depth within the patient 190.
  • the second optical element assembly 134 can include a collimator, lenses, mirrors, and/or other optical members that redirect, condition, and/or focus the second laser beam 132.
  • the positioning device 136 is coupled to the second optical element assembly 134 for moving one or more components of the assembly 134, and the controller 140 is operably coupled to the second laser 130 and the positioning device 136 to direct and focus the second laser beam 132 toward the target 192 in the patient 190 based on the imaging data.
  • the optical assembly further include an optical fiber, fiber bundle or light pipe to transmit the laser beam to toward the target.
  • a high peak intensity pulsed laser beam e.g., > 10 9 W
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method 280 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • the method 280 is particularly well suited for treating breast cancer, skin cancer, head cancers, neck cancers and other types of cutaneous and subcutaneous disorders in patients.
  • the illustrated method includes an introduction process 282, a first irradiation process 284, an imaging process 286, and a second irradiation process 288.
  • the introduction process 282 includes introducing an agent into the patient 190.
  • the agent can be injected (e.g., via an intravenous injection), swallowed, or introduced into the patient 190 through some other suitable method.
  • the agent can be a trifunctional compound having a targeting component, an imaging component, and a photodynamic therapy component.
  • the targeting component directs the agent to the target 192 in the patient 190 based on the particular location, cell type, or other characteristic of the target 192. For example, in applications in which the patient 190 has cancerous cells, the targeting component can direct the trifunctional agent to these cells by having an affinity to rapidly dividing cells or other properties of cancerous cells.
  • the imaging component can be lndotricarbocyanine or other suitable compounds that emit fluorescence or another type of radiation when activated. The imaging component may be activated by a specific wavelength of non-ionizing radiation or some other method.
  • the photodynamic therapy component can initiate the death of certain cells (e.g., cancer cells) after activation by a specific wavelength of radiation or another method. Suitable agents and components are described in U.S. Patent Application No. 10/805,683, which is attached hereto as Appendix A. In other embodiments, the three components can be introduced into the patient 190 separately. In additional embodiments, the agent can be a bifunctional agent having only imaging and photodynamic therapy components. In either case, after introducing the agent into the patient 190, the method 280 typically includes a waiting period of up to a few days (e.g., 96 hours) for allowing the agent to accumulate at the target 192.
  • a few days e.g., 96 hours
  • the first irradiation process 284 includes generating the first laser beam 112 with the first laser 110 and directing the first laser beam 112 at a section of tissue 191 containing the target 192 to activate the imaging component.
  • the precise location, shape, and size of the target 192 in the patient 190 is often unknown, the general location of the section of tissue 191 containing the target 192 is known.
  • the second laser beam 132 irradiates the section of tissue 191 known to contain the target 192.
  • the positioning device 116 can move the first optical element assembly 114 to raster scan the first laser beam 112 across the section of tissue 191 to irradiate and activate the imaging component of the agent at the target 192.
  • the imaging unit 120 can generate a three-dimensional image of the target 192 based on finite-element diffuse light recovery known in the art.
  • the first laser beam 112 can have a spot size configured to simultaneously irradiate at least approximately the entire section of the tissue 191 containing the target 192. In either case, the first laser beam 112 activates the imaging component of the agent at the target 192.
  • the imaging process 286 includes capturing and digitizing the radiation 128 emitted from the activated imaging component of the agent to generate a three- dimensional image of the target 192. This may require filtering the radiation received from the patient 190 to separate the radiation 128 emitted by the imaging component from the excitation radiation. For example, in applications in which the imaging component is lndotricarbocyanine and emits fluorescence at approximately 780 nanometers, the imaging unit 120 filters out other wavelengths of radiation.
  • the second irradiation process 288 includes irradiating the target 192 to activate the photodynamic therapy component based on the data obtained from the imaging process 286.
  • the imaging data provides information regarding the location, size, shape, and/or other characteristics of the target 192.
  • the controller 140 receives this imaging data from the imaging unit 120 and operates the second laser 130 and the positioning device 136 to aim and focus the second laser beam 132 so that the beam 132 irradiates the target 192 and activates the photodynamic therapy component.
  • the positioning device 136 can raster scan the second laser beam 132 across the target 192.
  • the controller 140 can operate the second laser 130 and the positioning device 136 to irradiate at least approximately the entire target 192 simultaneously.
  • the controller 140 may not automatically operate the positioning device 136, but rather a technician or oncologist can manually aim and/or focus the second laser beam 132 based on the imaging data.
  • the second irradiation process 288 occurs after the first irradiation process 284.
  • the first and second laser beams 112 and 132 may irradiate the patient 190 concurrently.
  • the first laser beam 112 may scan across the section of tissue 191 and each time the beam 112 irradiates a portion of the target 192 and the imaging unit 120 detects the target 192, the controller 140 can operate the second laser 130 to irradiate that portion of the target 192.
  • the activated photodynamic therapy component can initiate the death of particular cells at the target 192 or otherwise treat a disorder at the target 192.
  • cancer cells may be destroyed by apoptosis, necrosis and/or autophagy.
  • the method 280 may not include the second irradiation process 288.
  • the efficacy of the treatment can be determined by one or more follow-up sessions in which a portion of the method 280 is repeated. For example, in one follow- up session the introduction, first irradiation, and imaging processes 282, 284, and 286 can be performed. If the tumor or other disorder at the target 192 has been destroyed, the imaging unit 120 should not detect a concentration of the agent at the target 192.
  • the method 280 includes introducing into a patient an agent with (a) a targeting component that directs the agent to particular cells (e.g., cancerous cells), and (b) an imaging component that emits radiation from the cells.
  • a targeting component that directs the agent to particular cells
  • an imaging component that emits radiation from the cells.
  • the method 280 includes activating a photodynamic therapy component of the agent with the second laser beam 132.
  • the activated photodynamic therapy component initiates the death of certain cells or otherwise treats a disorder in the patient.
  • An advantage of this feature is that the method 280 treats cancer and/or other disorders with noninvasive procedures. As a result, the risks of infection and other complications associated with invasive procedures are minimized or eliminated.
  • a patient can receive treatment for cancer or another disorder as an outpatient procedure, which reduces the costs associated with a hospital stay and the inconvenience to the patient.
  • Still another feature of the system 100 is that it is particularly well suited for treating different types of cancer with one apparatus.
  • the imaging system 120 and the therapy radiation delivery system can be operated using different imaging illumination and PDT radiation modalities that can be optimized for achieving particular cancer cell death pathways. This increases the flexibility of the system such that clinics do not need to have separate equipment that is limited to treating only certain indications.
  • controller 140 includes a computer-readable medium having instructions for operating the second laser 130 and the second optical element assembly 134 to irradiate the target 192 based on the imaging data.
  • the system 100 can accurately and precisely aim and focus the second laser beam 132 at the target 192.
  • An advantage of this feature is that the system 100 can irradiate the target 192 without unnecessarily exposing the surrounding tissue to radiation.
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate several procedures in one method for delivering radiation therapy to treat breast cancer in patients in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a patient 290 and a portion of the radiation therapy system 100.
  • the method includes introducing a trifunctional agent into the patient 290.
  • the trifunctional agent includes a targeting component specifically configured to carry the agent to the cancerous cells in the lymph nodes 292 proximate to the breast of the patient 290.
  • the first laser beam 112 irradiates the area of the patient 290 containing the lymph nodes 292 to activate the imaging component of the agent.
  • the system 100 can raster scan the first laser beam 112 across the area of the patient 290 containing the lymph nodes 292 as illustrated in Figure 3, or irradiate the entire area simultaneously.
  • the activated imaging component of the agent at each of the lymph nodes 292 fluoresces, and the fluorescence 128 from the imaging component at each lymph node 292 is captured and digitized by the imaging unit 120.
  • the precise size, shape, and location of the lymph nodes 292 can be determined from the imaging data.
  • the second laser 130 irradiates each lymph node 292 to activate the photodynamic therapy component of the agent at the lymph nodes 292 based on the imaging data.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic illustration of a path for irradiating each lymph node 292 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • the inventors have observed that the effects of a single point of treatment extend approximately 0.5 cm in all directions. Because a typical lymph node 292 has a height H and width W of approximately 1 cm, the system 100 can irradiate an entire lymph node 292 by focusing the second laser beam 132 at a depth corresponding to the middle of the lymph node 292 and moving the beam 132 along a single linear path 113 between the first and second ends 293a-b of the lymph node 292. In other embodiments, the system 100 can irradiate the lymph nodes 292 with a different method.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a system 200 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 200 is generally similar to the system 100 described above with reference to Figure 1.
  • the illustrated system 200 includes a first laser 110 (shown schematically) for generating a first laser beam 112, an imaging unit 120 (shown schematically) for capturing radiation emitted by the imaging agent in the patient 190, a second laser 130 (shown schematically) for generating a second laser beam (not shown), and a controller 140 (shown schematically) operably coupled to the first laser 110, the imaging unit 120, and the second laser 130.
  • the illustrated system 200 includes a single optical element assembly 214 for conditioning, directing, and/or focusing the first and second laser beams 112.
  • the optical element assembly 214 may include a collimator, lenses, mirrors, beam splitters, and/or other suitable optical members that redirect, condition, and/or focus the laser beams.
  • the illustrated optical element assembly 214 is movable in at least a direction X so that the assembly 214 is properly positioned to direct (a) the first laser beam 112 from the first laser 110 to a desired area of the patient 190, and (b) the second laser beam from the second laser 130 to the target 192 in the patient 190.
  • the optical element assembly 214 may not be movable.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a system 300 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 300 is generally similar to the system 100 described above with reference to Figure 1.
  • the illustrated system 300 includes a laser 130 (shown schematically) for generating a laser beam 132, an optical element assembly 314 for conditioning, directing, and/or focusing the laser beam 132, and a controller 140 (shown schematically) operably coupled to the laser 130.
  • the illustrated system 300 does not include an integral imaging unit.
  • the controller 140 (a) receives imaging data from an external imaging unit (e.g., a MRI scan, a CT scan, a PET scan or an X-ray), and (b) operates the laser 130 to irradiate the target 192 in the patient 190 based on the imaging data received from the external imaging unit and external fiducials or the guidance of internal markers.
  • the optical element assembly 314 includes a collimator, lenses, mirrors, beam splitters, and/or other suitable optical members that redirect, condition, and/or focus the laser beam 132.
  • the laser 130 can be a pulsed laser capable of initiating efficient two-photon absorption or another suitable device.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a system 400 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 400 is generally similar to the system 100 described above with reference to Figure 1.
  • the illustrated system 400 includes a laser 430 (shown schematically) for generating a laser beam, an optical element assembly 314 for conditioning, directing, and/or focusing the laser beam, an imaging unit 120 (shown schematically) for capturing radiation emitted by the imaging agent in the patient 190, and a controller 140 (shown schematically) operably coupled to the laser 430 and the imaging unit 120.
  • the illustrated laser 430 can generate laser beams with different wavelengths.
  • the laser 430 can generate a first laser beam 112 having a first wavelength for activating the imaging agent and a second laser beam 132 having a second wavelength different than the first wavelength for activating the photodynamic therapy agent.
  • the system 400 may include two lasers rather than one laser.
  • FIG 8 is schematic illustration of a system 500 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 500 is a further embodiment of the system 100 described above with reference to Figure 1.
  • the system 500 includes an imaging unit 520 having an imaging radiation source 522 and a detector 524.
  • the imaging radiation source 522 can be a first laser that directs imaging radiation toward a target T of a patient P.
  • the detector 524 can be a camera or other suitable radiation detector.
  • the system 500 further includes a treatment radiation source 530, which can be a second having a suitable wavelength or other property for activating the therapy component of the drug.
  • the system 500 further includes a treating head 532 and a transmission line 534 between the treatment radiation source 530 and the treating head 532.
  • the treating head 532 can be an optical assembly for conditioning, directing, and/or focusing a laser beam generated by the treatment radiation source 530.
  • the transmission line 534 can be an optical fiber, a fiber bundle or a light pipe.
  • the treatment radiation source 530 is attached to a table 536 upon which the patient P is positioned, and the treating head 532 is mounted to a robot 538.
  • the robot 538 can be a robotic arm that has up to 6° of freedom for positioning the treating head 532 at a desired location relative to the target T and the patent P.
  • the imaging unit 520 is located apart from the treating head 532. In other embodiments, the imaging unit 520 and the treating head 532 can both be mounted to the robot 538.
  • the system 500 further includes a controller operatively coupled to the imaging unit 520, the treatment radiation source 530, the treating head 532 and the robot 538.
  • the controller 540 can be coupled to the other components of the system 500 using electrical lines, optical lines, and/or wireless transmission modalities.
  • FIG 9A a schematic illustration of a system 600 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 600 is generally similar to the system 100 and the system 500 described above, and thus like reference numbers refer to like components in Figures 1-9A.
  • the system 600 accordingly includes the imaging unit 520, the treatment radiation source 530, the treating head 532, and the table 536.
  • the system 600 includes a gantry 640 to which the image unit 520 and the treating head 532 are mounted. The gantry is accordingly operated to position the image unit 520 and the treating head 532 relative to the patient P.
  • Figure 9B schematically illustrates an embodiment of the image unit 520 and the treating head 532 that are packaged together.
  • the imaging radiation source 522, at least one detector 524 and the treating head 532 are held in position relative to each other and mounted to the gantry 640 ( Figure 9A).
  • FIG 10 is a schematic illustration of a system 700 for delivering radiation therapy to treat disorders in patients in accordance with still another embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 700 is generally similar to the system 500 described above with reference to Figure 8, and thus like reference numbers refer to like components in Figures 8 and 10.
  • the treatment radiation source 530 is spaced apart from the table 536.
  • the system 700 can further include a light guide, such as a mirror, that directs the laser beam 531 to the treating head 532.
  • the laser beam 531 can propagate through the air from the treatment radiation source 530 to the mirror 710.
  • the mirror 710 can be eliminated and the laser beam 531 can be transmitted through a fiber optic, an optical bundle, or a light pipe.
  • the targets illustrated in Figures 1-10 are subcutaneous targets, in other embodiments, the targets can be cutaneous targets or targets with both cutaneous and subcutaneous portions.
  • the imaging modality may also include detecting specific absorption and/or scattering of the radiation caused by the imaging component and/or the PDT sensitizer component of the drug administered to the patient. Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the appended claims.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Procédés et systèmes d'administration de radiothérapie pour traiter des troubles chez des patients, l'un des procédés comprenant, dans un mode de réalisation, l'obtention de données d'imagerie d'une cible dans le corps d'un patient, l'irradiation de la cible par un faisceau laser dirigé vers la cible sur la base des données d'imagerie obtenues et l'activation d'un agent de thérapie photodynamique chez le patient à l'aide du faisceau laser. La cible peut être sous-cutanée, cutanée ou comporter à la fois des parties sous-cutanées et cutanées.
EP07757077A 2006-02-17 2007-02-15 Procedes et systemes d'administration de radiotherapie pour traiter des troubles chez des patients Withdrawn EP1984078A2 (fr)

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US8439959B2 (en) * 2004-10-29 2013-05-14 Erchonia Corporation Full-body laser scanner and method of mapping and contouring the body
US20110040295A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2011-02-17 Photometics, Inc. Cancer treatment using selective photo-apoptosis
US7354433B2 (en) * 2003-02-28 2008-04-08 Advanced Light Technologies, Llc Disinfection, destruction of neoplastic growth, and sterilization by differential absorption of electromagnetic energy
WO2011037622A1 (fr) * 2009-09-22 2011-03-31 Photometics Traitement du cancer utilisant une photo-apoptose sélective
US8472583B2 (en) 2010-09-29 2013-06-25 Varian Medical Systems, Inc. Radiation scanning of objects for contraband
US20150366611A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-12-24 Syneron Medical Ltd Skin treatment apparatus
US20170050045A1 (en) * 2014-04-28 2017-02-23 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Photodynamic therapy using in situ nonlinear photon upconversion of nir light by biological medium
CN106237534B (zh) * 2016-08-29 2018-06-29 武汉亚格光电技术股份有限公司 智能型鲜红斑痣光动力治疗仪系统
JP2020168311A (ja) * 2019-04-05 2020-10-15 株式会社Ｓｔｕ ガントリーロボット型脱毛装置
JP2020168312A (ja) * 2019-04-05 2020-10-15 株式会社Ｓｔｕ Ｎ軸ロボット型脱毛装置

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JP2009527288A (ja) 2009-07-30
WO2007098377A3 (fr) 2007-10-25
CA2637621A1 (fr) 2007-08-30
AU2007217090A1 (en) 2007-08-30
WO2007098377A2 (fr) 2007-08-30

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