EP1981186A1 - Verfahren und System zur Gewinnung und Filterung von Daten, die in mehreren Zyklen übertragen werden - Google Patents

Verfahren und System zur Gewinnung und Filterung von Daten, die in mehreren Zyklen übertragen werden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1981186A1
EP1981186A1 EP07006577A EP07006577A EP1981186A1 EP 1981186 A1 EP1981186 A1 EP 1981186A1 EP 07006577 A EP07006577 A EP 07006577A EP 07006577 A EP07006577 A EP 07006577A EP 1981186 A1 EP1981186 A1 EP 1981186A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
portions
receiver
processing
event
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07006577A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1981186B1 (de
Inventor
Alexander Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alpine Electronics Inc
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Alpine Electronics Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alpine Electronics Inc filed Critical Alpine Electronics Inc
Priority to EP20070006577 priority Critical patent/EP1981186B1/de
Priority to DE200760002878 priority patent/DE602007002878D1/de
Publication of EP1981186A1 publication Critical patent/EP1981186A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1981186B1 publication Critical patent/EP1981186B1/de
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/16—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution of identical information repeatedly
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
    • G08G1/092—Coding or decoding of the information
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/091—Traffic information broadcasting
    • G08G1/093—Data selection, e.g. prioritizing information, managing message queues, selecting the information to be output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/53—Arrangements specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for traffic information or for mobile receivers
    • H04H20/55—Arrangements specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for traffic information or for mobile receivers for traffic information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H40/00—Arrangements specially adapted for receiving broadcast information
    • H04H40/18—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving
    • H04H40/27—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53 - H04H20/95
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/25—Arrangements for updating broadcast information or broadcast-related information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/35—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users
    • H04H60/38—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space
    • H04H60/40—Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space for identifying broadcast time

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a method of and system for receiving and processing data which are transmitted in multiple cycles, wherein at least a first portion of data is received in one of the cycles and at least a second portion of data is received in a succeeding one of the cycles.
  • the system comprises a receiver for receiving the data in a respective cycle and a data processing device coupled with the receiver through a data transmission path for receiving data from the receiver and for further processing thereof.
  • the invention is particularly applicable for receiving and processing coded traffic information according to a standard data format, especially according to the RTTD (real time traffic data) or the TMC (traffic message channel) technology.
  • the traffic message channel (TMC) technology is a technology for delivering traffic and travel information to drivers, such as a driver of a vehicle.
  • the individual TMC messages are transmitted repeatedly in multiple cycles transmitting the data in temporal loops over the multiplWe cycles.
  • one cycle includes multiple messages such as multiple data packets or data portions, wherein the time period for one cycle may be, for example, approximately 1.5 to 2.5 minutes.
  • traffic information for various streets and/or locations is transmitted in coded manner, wherein the data for each of the streets or locations are repeatedly transmitted over the multiple cycles. Therefore, the driver of a vehicle is continually provided with traffic information from an external traffic information provider, wherein the traffic messages are received, for example, from a satellite used by the traffic information provider.
  • a typical traffic information provider generally updates the traffic messages for the individual locations or streets at time intervals which are typically longer than each of the individual cycles according to which the messages are sent to the driver, so that changed traffic messages may occur at greater time distances, for example every 5 minutes.
  • a data format of a traffic message such as a TMC message includes multiple data blocks or fractions including information such as control parameters, identifiers, control flags and the message content itself.
  • the data format of a TMC data packet may include a so called "all-flag" which indicates or designates the last data packet of one cycle.
  • a current solution of processing TMC messages is to process all data packets unfiltered and to check for the individual cycle using the "all-flag".
  • a receiver which receives the data packets analyses the individual packets, wherein the receiver may particularly analyse a special identifier parameter sent with the individual packet identifying to which region or location the individual data packet belongs.
  • the received data packets may be transmitted from the receiver to a subsequently coupled data processing device, such as a navigation system of the vehicle, permanently so that the individual data packets are transmitted on the transmission path between the receiver and the navigation system permanently upon their respective receipt.
  • a subsequently coupled data processing device such as a navigation system of the vehicle
  • This provides the disadvantage that the data transmission path is burdened with a rather high data amount.
  • Another solution proposes the storage of a request of the navigation system to send an individual cycle only once, wherein the "all-flag" is used for detecting an end of the cycle.
  • Such process affords spending a lot of time while waiting for the end of the previous cycle, and may also imply receiving too much data packets in case that the end of the current cycle is not detected.
  • this also affords a complex handling of the system status and also provides the disadvantage that lost data packets within one cycle cannot be detected or be received once again.
  • the handling of the system status involves employing an internal marker for identifying whether a current data cycle is currently in process, or not. Only when it is identified by the receiver that all data of that cycle are received and that the data cycle is no longer in progress, the received data may be sent to the navigation system.
  • the other option of permanently sending the data packets to a navigation system requires a large processing capability in the navigation system for processing the huge data amount and speed in which the data packets are sent from the satellite and receiver to the navigation system.
  • the navigation system requires processing means for finding duplicate entries of messages in the navigation system so that such duplicate entries may be updated upon receiving a new message. Accordingly, with transmitting the data packets permanently from the receiver to the navigation system, a huge amount of data must be processed in the navigation system even if the content of the data packets has not changed.
  • EP 1 150 449 A1 there is disclosed a method and apparatus for reducing data communication in an RDS TMC message environment.
  • a cycle of messages is processed, wherein each message is consecutively repeated several times as a subsequence of that cycle.
  • a message is received and checked for correctness thereof.
  • the correct message is forwarded for further processing, wherein after the checking the most recent message is compared with its direct predecessor and upon correspondence therebetween, the predecessor is forwarded accompanied by a validation signal when detecting that the predecessor was the first correct message of its actual subsequence.
  • a short-time discarding mechanism at an early stage of the RDS TMC processing is achieved, so that messages may be discarded immediately without even considering the relevance of their information content.
  • the invention provides a method of receiving and processing data which are transmitted in multiple cycles comprising the steps according to claim 1. Moreover, the invention is directed to a system for receiving and processing data which are transmitted in multiple cycles according to the features of claim 9. Embodiments and advantageous features thereof are indicated in the dependent claims.
  • the invention provides a method of receiving and processing data which are transmitted in multiple cycles, the method comprising the step of receiving at least a first portion of data in one of the cycles and at least a second portion of data in a succeeding one of the cycles, and further comprising the step of determining a respective time of receipt of the first and second portion of data, and checking a checksum for each of the first and the second portions of data.
  • the second portion of data is processed, particularly transmitted from the receiver to the data processing device coupled therewith.
  • the method includes the step of checking for the second portion of data whether a preset time since receipt of the first portion of data has elapsed, and in the event that the preset time has elapsed, the second portion of data is processed, particularly transmitted to the data processing device, otherwise a second portion of data is discarded.
  • the method and system for receiving and processing data are each capable of reducing the amount of data transmitted between the receiver and the data processing device.
  • the receiver and the data processing device may be included in a vehicle, wherein the receiver may be adapted for receiving coded traffic information from an external traffic information provider and the data processing device may be included in a navigation system of the vehicle.
  • the invention serves to reduce the amount of data transmitted between the receiver and the navigation system, so that the navigation system is not required to provide or reserve large processing capabilities for processing the data received from the receiver.
  • the invention allows reducing the amount of data which is to be processed in the navigation system.
  • the concept of the present invention involves a filtering mechanism implemented in the receiver, the filtering mechanism detecting already received and processed data portions which have been received and processed in an earlier cycle. This is accomplished in a fast and an efficient way by checking a respective checksum for each of the received portions of data.
  • a checksum is a well known technique for detecting errors in transmitted data.
  • the invention uses the means of a checksum for checking for each of the received portions of data whether a respective portion of data has already been received and processed in an earlier cycle.
  • the recently received portion of data is processed after a preset time has elapsed to prevent timeout of the system.
  • the checksums correspond with each other and the preset time has not elapsed
  • the recently received portion of data is discarded, particularly not transmitted to the navigation system. In this way, the amount of data transmitted on the transmission path between the receiver and the navigation system may be reduced significantly filtering already received and processed data within a certain time period already at the receiver stage.
  • the step of checking for the second portion of data whether a preset time has elapsed includes checking whether a preset time period counting from the time of receipt of the first portion of data has elapsed.
  • each of the portions of data comprises a respective data fraction including a checksum associated with the respective one of the portions of data.
  • the step of checking the checksum for each of the portions of data includes checking the checksum of the respective data fraction. In this way, if the data format of the received portions of data provides a respective data fraction including a checksum, this checksum of the transmitted portion of data may be used for checking whether a corresponding portion of data has already been received and processed in an earlier cycle.
  • the step of checking the checksum for each of the portions of data involves calculating the respective checksum of the associated portion of data, particularly performing a cyclic redundancy check against the respective portion of data.
  • the system does not require the transmission of a checksum with the respective data portion, but may calculate the respective checksum for a subsequent check thereof.
  • the invention may further include a mechanism for discriminating the individual portions of data whether they represent important or unimportant information.
  • at least the second portion of data comprises a data fraction including information as to whether the second portion of data represents important data.
  • the data fraction includes the information that the second portion of data represents important data
  • the second portion of data is processed. In this way, important data portions may be processed immediately upon their respective receipt.
  • FIG. 1 tere is shown a schematic block diagram of a system configuration according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 1 according to Figure 1 comprises a receiver 2 for receiving of data via an antenna 6, which data may be, for instance, coded traffic information data provided from an external traffic information provider which may use, for example, a satellite for transmitting the traffic information.
  • the system 1 is implemented in a vehicle, wherein the receiver 2 is capable of receiving data via antenna 6 provided from the satellite.
  • any other signal transmission technology may be used, such as signal transmission using mobile phone technology like GPRS or UTMS signal transmission.
  • optical signal transmission may be used as well.
  • the receiver 2 is coupled with a data processing device 5 via a data transmission path 4, which may be, e.g., any kind of communication bus connection such as a standard bus used for connecting electrical components in an automobile.
  • the data processing device 5 may be a subunit of a navigation system 3, particularly, may be a subunit for processing the coded traffic information received from receiver 2.
  • the data processing device 5 may be implemented as a TMC module or any other module appropriate for receiving and processing traffic messages.
  • traffic messages may operate not only to inform the driver, but also to provide dynamic navigation, which means consideration of the current traffic situation during computation of the travel route in the navigation system 3. If the current travel situation was transmitted by traffic messages, the navigation system may provide suggestions, such as how to avoid a traffic jam.
  • the system 1 of Figure 1 will be described as a system for receiving and processing coded traffic information such as RTTD or TMC messages, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the system configuration as shown in Figure 1 may basically be applied to any kind of system for receiving and processing data which are transmitted in multiple cycles.
  • the receiver 2 may additionally or alternatively be adapted for receiving data portions via a wired connection
  • the devices 3 and 5 may be basically any device for receiving and processing the data received from the receiver 2 which filters the data in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • the receiver 2 and data processing devices 3 and 5 may be realized as distributed components, or may be realized as integrated components, wherein the transmission path 4 may be any kind of data connection.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic illustration of a data format used for receiving and processing of information according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a data format used for transmitting traffic messages, wherein in Figure 2 only parts of a traffic message are shown which are considered with respect to the invention.
  • a traffic message may be regarded as a data packet. According to the present invention, it is generally referred to a portion of data which may be such data packet, for example. However, any other kind of data portion in any other format may also be applied in the context of the present invention.
  • a data packet 10 may include the content of a traffic message itself, generally referred to as data in a data block 12. Further, the data packet 10 may include a data block or data fraction 13 including a checksum associated with the respective data packet 10. Moreover, the data packet 10 may include an additional identifier information generally referred to as "id" in data block 11. In a typical implementation of a traffic message, the identifier information "id" may be a so-called physical stream identifier ("PSI") used for indicating a geographical location or region the respective data packet 10 is associated with. It will be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that also other data formats may be used for implementing the present invention.
  • PSI physical stream identifier
  • Figure 3 there is shown a flow chart of a process for receiving and processing of information according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the flow chart of Figure 3 will be explained in the following in conjunction with Figures 5 and 6 each showing a schematic illustration of an exemplary data flow over multiple cycles showing the processing of individual data packets according to a respective embodiment of the invention.
  • individual data packets 10 are repeatedly transmitted in multiple cycles, wherein each cycle comprises multiple data packets 10 of different content, respectively denoted as data packets A, B, C, I.
  • data packets A, B, C denote so-called speed and flow packets indicating, for example, the speed of traffic and flow parameters
  • data packet I denotes a so-called incident packet transmitting a parameter for informing about, e.g., a traffic jam or a vehicle driving against the traffic on motorways.
  • Such data packets may also include an identifier included in a data fraction indicating that such type of information represents important data.
  • the other data packets shown in Figure 5 and 6 denoted as "o" represent any kind of data containing additional information which is only optional, such as music or weather information.
  • the individual data packets A, B, C, I are different from each other particularly in their respective data fraction 12 as shown in Figure 2 , in other words represent data packets which do not correspond with each other as they contain different traffic message content.
  • data packets A, B, C may concern different locations or streets.
  • data packets a, b, c, i indicate individual data packets which are respective repetitions of the data packets A, B, C, I received in earlier cycles.
  • data packet a corresponds with data packet A received in an earlier data cycle, which means that the information content in data fraction 12 ( Figure 2 ) has not changed between data packet A and data packet a.
  • data packet A is received for the first time in cycle C1, denoted as data packet 21, like data packets B, C and I.
  • Another data packet a is received in cycle C2, denoted as data packet 22, wherein the lower case letter indicates that the data packets 21 and 22 correspond with each other.
  • the information content of data packets 21 and 22 has not changed, i.e. data packet 22 is a repetition of the earlier received data packet 21.
  • data packets 21 and 22 shall be understood as coinciding in their characteristics, so that it is not necessary for the system to also process data packet 22 when data packet 21 has already been received and processed.
  • the individual data packet is received by the receiver 2 according to Figure 1 .
  • the data packets may be, for example, so-called SDTP (serial data transport protocol) packets, wherein the receiver 2 may filter the received data packets according to the PSI parameter and may also determine the status of the respective packet.
  • the receiver 2 also determines a respective time of receipt of the individual data packet.
  • the filter algorithm implemented in receiver 2 checks for a checksum for each of the received data packets, particularly checks whether the corresponding checksum can be found in a management table 7 implemented and updated in receiver 2.
  • the step 102 of checking the checksum for each of the received data packets includes checking the checksum included in data fraction 13 of the respective data packet.
  • entries for respective earlier received data packets have been established indicating the checksum (CRC; "Cyclic redundancy check”) in column 71 of the management table 7, the type of data (only for information purposes) in column 72, and the time of receipt of the respective data packet ("timestamp") in column 73.
  • the CRC is a known, exemplary type of function used to produce a checksum.
  • a version thereof is the CRC32, which may also be used, as a known implementation of the CRC with improved performance due to including more information.
  • the management table 7 contains a respective row.
  • step 102 it is determined whether the checksum of the newly received data packet can be found in the management table 7 which would indicate that a corresponding data packet has been received in an earlier cycle. To this end, it is determined whether the CRC information included in data fraction 13 corresponds with any of the stored CRCs in column 71 of management table 7. For example, the process may implement a comparison between the CRC information in data fraction 13 and any of the stored CRCs in column 71 of the management table 7.
  • the process according to Figure 3 may calculate, for example at step 101, the respective checksum of the respective data packet received, particularly performing a cyclic redundancy check against the respective data packet. Similar as described above, such calculated CRC information may be compared with any of the CRCs in column 71 of management table 7.
  • this recently received data packet is further processed.
  • this data packet is transmitted from receiver 2 to the module 5 of the navigation system. In other words, the receiver 2 transmits in this event a newly received or changed data packet to the navigation system 3.
  • the process implemented in receiver 2 checks for the recently received data packet whether a preset time since receipt of the earlier data packet having the corresponding checksum has elapsed (step 103).
  • a preset time period counting from the time of receipt of the earlier data packet has elapsed.
  • the exemplary preset time period ta is approximately 5 minutes just by way of an example.
  • step 103 it is checked whether the preset time period ta has elapsed at the time of receipt t2 of the data packet 23 with respect to the time of receipt t1 of the data packet 21 having the corresponding checksum.
  • the time period ta has elapsed, so that the data packet 23 is processed, i.e. transmitted to navigation system 3, in order to prevent timeout of the system. If it is determined that the time period ta has elapsed (timestamp expired in step 103) the CRC information and timestamp of the previously received data packet 21 is updated with the CRC information and the timestamp of the recently received data packet 23 in step 104. In step 105, the recently received data packet 23 is processed and sent to the navigation system.
  • step 103 e.g. as for data packet 22 in Figure 5 , that the preset time period ta has not elapsed, i.e. the timestamp of the corresponding data packet 21 has not expired
  • the recently received data packet 22 is discarded, i.e. not processed and transmitted to the navigation system, thus reducing the amount of data transmitted over transmission path 4.
  • the data packets are prefiltered for the navigation system in the receiver, wherein only new or changed data packets with respect to previous cycles are transmitted to the navigation system.
  • the checksum particularly the CRC code
  • the data packets are sent to the navigation system in either case after a preset time period ta, in the present example at least every 5 minutes in order to update the internal timeout management regarding the particular, so called ALERT-C protocol.
  • ta time period at least every 5 minutes
  • ALERT-C protocol the navigation system, particularly the module 5
  • the original traffic message protocol and handling may be used in the navigation system, but the data amount which is transferred over the communication path between receiver and navigation system is less.
  • the process implemented in receiver 2 may set respective time triggers, such as time triggers tr1, tr2 shown in Figures 5 and 6 , at respective time intervals.
  • time triggers tr1, tr2 shown in Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the time trigger is in-between, the recently received data packet is processed, otherwise the recently received data packet is discarded.
  • FIG 4 there is shown another flow chart of a process according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process according to Figure 4 is substantially the same as the process according to Figure 3 , wherein the process according to Figure 4 is applied to data packets which can only uniquely be identified by using the combination of the PSI-parameter and checksum (CRC-parameter).
  • the management table 7 according to Figure 4 there is a further column 74 for storing the PSI parameter.
  • step 102 it is checked for the recently received data packet whether its combination of PSI and CRC parameter is found in management table 7.
  • the subsequent steps 103 to 105 are carried out analogously as explained with reference to Figure 3 .
  • the PSI parameter may also include information as to whether the respective data packet represents important data, wherein in the event that the PSI parameter indicates important data, the respective data packet is processed immediately. This may be advantageous for incident messages which may indicate to the driver that, e.g., another vehicle is driving against the traffic on motorways and/or on a wrong carriage way.
  • the invention ensures that all information is transmitted to the navigation system as fast as possible after the start up of the system, as in this case the management table is empty and no corresponding checksums can be found for the respective received data packets.
  • information is processed as fast as possible in case of previous signal interception of the signal transmission connection, as in this event the respective timestamps of the earlier received data packets have expired, so that in both cases the invention may be applied efficiently for processing received data immediately after receipt.
  • unnecessary data are prefiltered in the receiver, thus reducing the amount of data transfer between receiver and navigation system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
EP20070006577 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Verfahren und System zur Gewinnung und Filterung von Daten, die in mehreren Zyklen übertragen werden Expired - Fee Related EP1981186B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20070006577 EP1981186B1 (de) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Verfahren und System zur Gewinnung und Filterung von Daten, die in mehreren Zyklen übertragen werden
DE200760002878 DE602007002878D1 (de) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Verfahren und System zur Gewinnung und Filterung von Daten, die in mehreren Zyklen übertragen werden

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20070006577 EP1981186B1 (de) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Verfahren und System zur Gewinnung und Filterung von Daten, die in mehreren Zyklen übertragen werden

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EP1981186A1 true EP1981186A1 (de) 2008-10-15
EP1981186B1 EP1981186B1 (de) 2009-10-21

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DE (1) DE602007002878D1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4207664A1 (de) * 1992-03-11 1993-09-16 Reinhard Dipl Ing Spengler Verkehrsfunk-aufzeichnungs-system
JP2000035913A (ja) * 1998-07-16 2000-02-02 Nagano Nippon Denki Software Kk ハイパーテキスト文書更新検知方法およびクライアント
EP1150449A1 (de) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-31 Mannesmann VDO Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Reduzierung der Datenkommunikation in einem RDS TMC System
US20060179367A1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2006-08-10 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for updating memory

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4207664A1 (de) * 1992-03-11 1993-09-16 Reinhard Dipl Ing Spengler Verkehrsfunk-aufzeichnungs-system
JP2000035913A (ja) * 1998-07-16 2000-02-02 Nagano Nippon Denki Software Kk ハイパーテキスト文書更新検知方法およびクライアント
EP1150449A1 (de) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-31 Mannesmann VDO Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Reduzierung der Datenkommunikation in einem RDS TMC System
US20060179367A1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2006-08-10 Lg Electronics Inc. Method for updating memory

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EP1981186B1 (de) 2009-10-21
DE602007002878D1 (de) 2009-12-03

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