EP1980788A1 - Gaseous fuel burner - Google Patents

Gaseous fuel burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1980788A1
EP1980788A1 EP08153362A EP08153362A EP1980788A1 EP 1980788 A1 EP1980788 A1 EP 1980788A1 EP 08153362 A EP08153362 A EP 08153362A EP 08153362 A EP08153362 A EP 08153362A EP 1980788 A1 EP1980788 A1 EP 1980788A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
central air
air supply
fuel gas
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08153362A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1980788B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Pillard
Cyril Dufau-Sansot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Pillard SA
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Fives Pillard SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1980788A1 publication Critical patent/EP1980788A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1980788B1 publication Critical patent/EP1980788B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/74—Preventing flame lift-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/20—Premixing fluegas with fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gaseous fuel burner, or a gaseous / liquid mixed burner.
  • a gaseous fuel burner is known of the type comprising, on the one hand, a central air supply duct which opens into a furnace and which is delimited by a central air supply tube around which a delimiting wall extends. the furnace from outside, and, on the other hand, fuel gas supply devices which are arranged in the central air supply pipe and which open directly into the furnace, each device for supplying fuel gas comprising a fuel gas supply line defined by a fuel gas supply tube whose downstream end carries an injection nozzle.
  • each fuel gas supply device is constituted by the fuel gas supply line and a flue gas duct in which the injection nozzle opens, each flue gas duct being delimited by a tube of flue gas circulation in which is made a lateral opening of the flue gas intake angularly turned towards the outside of the central air supply tube, the upstream end of the flue gas duct being obstructed by a plate through which the duct passes fuel gas supply, its downstream end opening directly into the home.
  • Such fuel gas supply devices make it possible to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted.
  • the present invention also aims at reducing the level of nitrogen oxides emitted.
  • the burner of the aforementioned type comprises screen members which partially obstruct the central air supply duct, each member extending in a plane parallel to the general plane of the downstream opening of the central duct. supplying air, from the corresponding fuel gas supply device, at the downstream end of this device, so as to deplete oxygen the zone in which the fuel gas enters the home.
  • this member hinders and modifies the flow of air from the central supply duct so that it can not circulate in the immediate vicinity of the downstream end.
  • the zone of introduction of the gaseous fuel into the hearth can be described as a dead zone in which the fuel mixes with the surrounding fumes, which makes it possible to reduce the lower heating value of the mixture and therefore the rate of nitrogen oxides. .
  • Each of the Figures 1 to 14 is a gas fuel burner 1.
  • Such burner 1 comprises a central air supply pipe 2 which opens into a fireplace.
  • This central air supply pipe 2 is delimited by a central air supply pipe 3 around which extends a wall 4 defining the focus of the outside.
  • the burner 1 also comprises and, on the other hand, fuel gas supply devices 5 (in this case, six devices 5) which are arranged in the central air supply duct 2 and which open directly in the home. These fuel gas supply devices 5 are angularly regularly distributed.
  • Each fuel gas supply device 5 comprises a fuel gas supply pipe 6 which is delimited by a fuel gas supply tube 7 whose downstream end carries an injection nozzle 8.
  • the burner 1 comprises a flame-stabilizing device 9 which is arranged in the axis 10 of the central air supply duct 2.
  • the burners 1 also comprise a central liquid fuel supply pipe 22 which opens at the center of the flame stabilizer (downstream thereof) and which is delimited by a central supply tube. liquid fuel 23.
  • the burner 1 comprises screen members 11 partially obstructing the central air supply duct 2, each screen member 11 extending in a plane parallel to the general plane of the downstream opening of the central supply duct. air 2, near the downstream end of the corresponding fuel gas supply device 5, so as to deplete oxygen the zone in which the fuel gas enters the home. In this way, this zone can be considered as a dead zone (the oxygen level can go down to about 2% - which is to be compared with the rate of 20% in air), and is the place where the combustible gas mixes with the fumes.
  • Each screen member 11 extends radially from the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3.
  • the set of screen members 11 forms a ring that extends 360 ° around the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3, except in the fourth embodiment (cf. figure 5 ), where the screen members 11 are present only in the angular sectors where the fuel gas supply devices 5 are located.
  • each fuel gas supply device 5 consists of the corresponding fuel gas supply line 6 and a secondary enclosure 100.
  • each enclosure 100 which extends parallel to the fuel gas supply line 6.
  • each enclosure 100 is disposed the fuel gas supply pipe 6.
  • Each enclosure 100 is laterally delimited by an auxiliary tube 101.
  • the upstream end of each auxiliary enclosure 100 is also obstructed by a plate 20 which is traversed by the fuel gas supply pipe 6. This plate 20 thus prevents air from the central air supply pipe 2 from entering the tube
  • the downstream end of the adjoining enclosure 100 opens directly into the hearth.
  • each enclosure 100 includes a flue gas duct 12 which extends axially from the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside, until at the downstream end of the enclosure 100.
  • fumes 12 opens the corresponding injection nozzle 8 (cf. figure 3 ).
  • Each flue gas duct 12 is delimited laterally by a flue gas tube 13 which is the corresponding portion of the annex tube 101.
  • a lateral opening of the fumes inlet 14 is produced in each flue gas tube 13 is produced a lateral opening of the fumes inlet 14. This opening lateral 14 is oriented angularly towards the outside of the central air supply tube 3, that is to say, opens into an angular zone occupied by the wall 4 of the hearth, and therefore in a zone without air, occupied by smoke.
  • the lateral smoke inlet opening 14 extends angularly over the portion of the flue gas tube 13 tangential to the inner wall of the central air supply pipe 3, over the entire length. flue gas tube 13.
  • the entirety of the adjoining enclosure 100 extending axially from the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside, the upstream end of each flue gas duct 12 is obstructed by the plate 20.
  • downstream end of the flue gas duct 12 forms the downstream end of the fuel gas supply device 5 and opens directly into the furnace.
  • each screen member 11 extends from the outer wall of the flue gas tube 13 (corresponding tube 101).
  • each screen member 11 extends 360 ° around the outer wall of the flue gas tube 13 (corresponding appendix tube 101), except at the junction thereof. tube 13 to the central air supply tube 3.
  • the ring consisting of the screen members 11 extends inwardly of the central air supply pipe 2 to the circle having the axis 10 of the central pipe centered. supply air 2 and passing through the axes 15 of flue gas ducts 12 (enclosures 100).
  • this ring is wider and extends less to the circle tangent to the smoke circulation tubes 13 (to the additional tubes 101).
  • the axis 15 of each flue gas duct 12 (the axis 15 of each enclosure 100 annex) is the axis 16 of the corresponding fuel gas supply line 6 .
  • the fuel gas supply tubes 7 are arranged tangent to the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3 (more precisely, tangent to the inner wall of the flue gas tube 13 (of the annex tube 101) itself tangent to the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3). This particular arrangement makes it possible to off-center each injection nozzle 8 as much as possible, and thus to minimize the influence of air.
  • each enclosure 100 includes a cavity 102 which extends axially from the upstream end of the enclosure 100 annex to the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside.
  • Each cavity 102 is delimited laterally by an upstream tube 103 which is the corresponding portion of the annex tube 101.
  • the upstream end of each cavity 102 being the upstream end of the corresponding annex enclosure 100, it is obstructed by the plate 20.
  • the plate 20 comprises an opening 104 through which opens a flue gas supply pipe 105 through which fumes are introduced from the furnace and recycled from outside the latter.
  • the adjoining enclosure 100 having its downstream end in the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside, it is formed only by the corresponding cavity 102.
  • each screen member 11 extends from the outer wall of the upstream tube 103 (corresponding tube 101).
  • the enclosure 100 includes only the corresponding cavity 102.
  • the rate of nitrogen oxides produced is greatly reduced.
  • the presence of the cavity 102 further improves the reduction of the nitrogen content.
  • each fuel gas supply device 5 consists solely of the corresponding fuel gas supply line 6.
  • the injection nozzle 8 then forms the downstream end of the gas supply device fuel 5 and opens directly into the fireplace, substantially flush with the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside (cf. figure 9 ). Therefore, each injection nozzle 8 is in a dead zone, substantially without oxygen, the rate can be as low as 2%.
  • each screen member 11 extends from the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube 7.
  • each screen member 11 extends 360 ° around the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube 7, and this over a distance at least equal to the diameter of the feed tube. fuel gas 7 to minimize the influence of the air from the central air supply pipe 2.
  • the fuel gas supply tubes 7 are tangential to the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3.
  • the ring consisting of the screen members 11 extends inwardly of the central air supply pipe 2 until to the circle centered on the axis 10 of the central air supply duct 2 and remote from the wall of the central air supply tube 3 with a length equal to twice the diameter of the gas supply tube fuel 7.
  • the presence of screen members 11 in a burner according to the present invention, without an enclosure 100 allows to divide by two the rate of nitrogen oxides emitted with respect to a burner without screen members 11 and without an enclosure 100.
  • the additional presence of cavity 102 without the conduct of flue gas circulation further reduces the rate of nitrogen oxides.
  • the flame-stabilizing device 9 extends radially so as to leave a free passage between its outer radial flange 17 and the free radial edges 18 of the screen members 11.
  • passage section of the central air supply duct 2 can be divided into three types of zones: a first central zone from which air with a flow with an angular component generated by the flame stabilizer 9 comes out; annular zone surrounding the central zone out of which air has an axial flow, and an outer peripheral zone outside the other two zones, without air.
  • each screen member 11 carry a protective wall 19 which extends longitudinally along the axis 10 of the central air supply pipe 2.
  • this protective wall 19 extends longitudinally on either side of the screen member 11.
  • this protective wall 19 is inclined by about 5 ° relative to the axis 10 of the central air supply duct 2 so as to converge the air passage section. .
  • This protective wall also makes it possible to have greater flexibility in the axial position of the flame stabilizer 9 with respect to the screen members 11. Indeed, without a protective wall 19, the plane of the downstream end of the fins of the stabilizer 9 must (substantially) being that in which the screen members 11 extend or, at the rigor, it may be slightly downstream of these. On the contrary, in the presence of the protective wall 19, the plane of the downstream end of the fins of the stabilizer 9 can be located between the two planes defined by the axial ends of the protective wall 19.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that it can be implemented in existing burners 300, such as vane burners, that is to say the downstream end of the air supply tube comprises a convergent section 200 followed by a diverging section 201, the diverging section being normally located in the thickness of the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside (cf. figure 15 ).
  • the junction of the convergent section 200 with the diverging section 201 defines a neck 203 in the plane of which are arranged the nozzles (or equivalent) of the central gas supply pipes 6 and the flame stabilizer 9 and the opening (the openings) of the central liquid fuel supply pipe 22.
  • Figures 16 and 17 represent a burner 1 according to an eleventh embodiment similar to both the sixth and seventh embodiments for the absence of auxiliary enclosure in the fuel gas supply devices (cf. figure 16 ), and the fourth embodiment for the presence of screen members 11 only around these devices (cf. figure 17 ).
  • the renovation of the existing burner is carried out by modifying the axial position of the downstream ends of the fuel gas supply devices (which depends on the presence or absence of circulation lines of smoke).
  • the fuel gas supply devices comprising only the fuel gas supply lines 6, their axial end is disposed substantially in the plane defined by the wall 4 separating the focus from the outside (the nozzles 8 are slightly protruding into the focus).
  • screen members are attached at the downstream end of these devices, here at the downstream end of the dies.
  • supply of combustible gas 6 (the screen members 11 are arranged at the plane by the wall 4 separating the fireplace from the outside).
  • the axial position of the flame stabilizer 9 and the downstream end of the central liquid fuel supply pipe 22 is adapted.
  • the axial position of the flame stabilizer 9 and the downstream end of the central liquid fuel supply pipe 22 is substantially in the plane defined by the screen members 11.
  • the latter is preferably made between the air passage section between the flame stabilizer 9 and the inner wall of the tube.
  • central air supply 3 is substantially unchanged.
  • this passage section has increased.
  • the diverging section 201 is modified by reducing the opening performed in the wall 4 (by adding refractory materials 202).
  • the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3 is not angularly regular: in the sectors where the screen members are present, this wall is cylindrical, and in the other slightly conical divergent angular sectors.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments given as examples. It would thus be possible to combine these different embodiments with one another.
  • each screen member extends around the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube over a distance greater than the diameter of the tube. fuel gas supply, or even more than twice this diameter.
  • the ring could extend from the central air supply tube towards the inside of the central supply pipe for a distance greater than twice the diameter of the fuel gas supply pipe (or even greater than the triple of this diameter).

Abstract

The burner has a set of shield forming units (11) partially obstructing a central air supplying duct (2). Each shield forming unit extends along a plane parallel to a general plane of a downstream opening of the central air supplying duct at the level of a downstream end of a gaseous fuel supplying device (5) in a manner to impoverish a zone by oxygen in which the gaseous fuel penetrates in a furnace. An independent claim is also included for a method for renovation of a gaseous fuel burner.

Description

La présente invention concerne un brûleur à combustible gazeux, ou un brûleur mixte gazeux/liquide.The present invention relates to a gaseous fuel burner, or a gaseous / liquid mixed burner.

On connaît un brûleur à combustible gazeux du type comprenant, d'une part, une conduite centrale d'alimentation en air qui débouche dans un foyer et qui est délimitée par un tube central d'alimentation en air autour duquel s'étend une paroi délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur, et, d'autre part, des dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible qui sont disposés dans la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air et qui débouchent directement dans le foyer, chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible comprenant une conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible délimitée par un tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible dont l'extrémité aval porte une buse d'injection.A gaseous fuel burner is known of the type comprising, on the one hand, a central air supply duct which opens into a furnace and which is delimited by a central air supply tube around which a delimiting wall extends. the furnace from outside, and, on the other hand, fuel gas supply devices which are arranged in the central air supply pipe and which open directly into the furnace, each device for supplying fuel gas comprising a fuel gas supply line defined by a fuel gas supply tube whose downstream end carries an injection nozzle.

Un tel brûleur est décrit dans la demande de brevet EP 1 074 790 dans lequel chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible est constitué par la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible et par une conduite de circulation des fumées dans laquelle débouche la buse d'injection, chaque conduite de circulation des fumées étant délimitée par un tube de circulation des fumées dans lequel est réalisée un ouverture latérale d'admission des fumées tournée angulairement vers l'extérieur du tube central d'alimentation en air, l'extrémité amont de la conduite de circulation des fumées étant obstruée par une plaque traversée par la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible, son extrémité aval débouchant directement dans le foyer.Such a burner is described in the patent application EP 1 074 790 wherein each fuel gas supply device is constituted by the fuel gas supply line and a flue gas duct in which the injection nozzle opens, each flue gas duct being delimited by a tube of flue gas circulation in which is made a lateral opening of the flue gas intake angularly turned towards the outside of the central air supply tube, the upstream end of the flue gas duct being obstructed by a plate through which the duct passes fuel gas supply, its downstream end opening directly into the home.

De tels dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible permettent de réduire le taux d'oxydes d'azote émis.Such fuel gas supply devices make it possible to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted.

La présente invention vise également à réduire le taux d'oxydes d'azote émis.The present invention also aims at reducing the level of nitrogen oxides emitted.

Selon l'invention, le brûleur du type précité comprend des organes formant écran qui obstruent partiellement la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air, chaque organe s'étendant, selon un plan parallèle au plan général de l'ouverture aval de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air, depuis le dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible correspondant, au niveau de l'extrémité aval de ce dispositif, de façon à appauvrir en oxygène la zone dans laquelle le gaz combustible pénètre dans le foyer.According to the invention, the burner of the aforementioned type comprises screen members which partially obstruct the central air supply duct, each member extending in a plane parallel to the general plane of the downstream opening of the central duct. supplying air, from the corresponding fuel gas supply device, at the downstream end of this device, so as to deplete oxygen the zone in which the fuel gas enters the home.

Ainsi, cet organe gêne et modifie la circulation de l'air provenant de la conduite centrale d'alimentation de sorte qu'il ne peut circuler à proximité immédiate de l'extrémité aval. Ainsi la zone d'introduction du combustible gazeux dans le foyer peut être qualifiée de zone morte dans laquelle le combustible se mélange avec les fumées environnantes, ce qui permet de réduire le pouvoir calorifique inférieur du mélange et donc le taux d'oxydes d'azote.Thus, this member hinders and modifies the flow of air from the central supply duct so that it can not circulate in the immediate vicinity of the downstream end. Thus, the zone of introduction of the gaseous fuel into the hearth can be described as a dead zone in which the fuel mixes with the surrounding fumes, which makes it possible to reduce the lower heating value of the mixture and therefore the rate of nitrogen oxides. .

D'autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront dans la description de sept modes de réalisation de la présente invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et illustrés par les dessins mis ne annexe dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique de face d'un brûleur conforme à un premier mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 2 est une vue schématique partielle de face d'un brûleur conforme à un second mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale de la moitié d'un brûleur conforme au second mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 4 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'un brûleur conforme à un troisième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 5 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'un brûleur conforme à un quatrième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 6 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'un brûleur conforme à un cinquième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 7 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'un brûleur conforme à un sixième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 8 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'un brûleur conforme à un septième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 9 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 correspondant au brûleur conforme au sixième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 10 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'un brûleur conforme à un huitième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 11 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 d'un brûleur conforme au huitième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 12 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 d'un brûleur conforme à un neuvième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 13 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 d'un brûleur conforme à un dixième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 14 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'un brûleur conforme au dixième mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 15 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 d'un brûleur à ventelles,
  • La figure 16 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 du brûleur de la figure 15 modifié de façon à former un onzième mode de réalisation de la présente invention, la coupe étant réalisée selon la ligne XVI-XVI de la figure 17, et
  • La figure 17 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 du brûleur de la figure 15 modifié de façon à former le onzième mode de réalisation de la présente invention.
Other features and advantages will appear in the description of seven embodiments of the present invention given as non-limiting examples and illustrated by the appended drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 is a schematic front view of a burner according to a first embodiment,
  • The figure 2 is a partial schematic front view of a burner according to a second embodiment,
  • The figure 3 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the half of a burner according to the second embodiment,
  • The figure 4 is a view similar to the figure 2 a burner according to a third embodiment,
  • The figure 5 is a view similar to the figure 2 a burner according to a fourth embodiment,
  • The figure 6 is a view similar to the figure 2 a burner according to a fifth embodiment,
  • The figure 7 is a view similar to the figure 2 a burner according to a sixth embodiment,
  • The figure 8 is a view similar to the figure 2 a burner according to a seventh embodiment,
  • The figure 9 is a view similar to the figure 3 corresponding to the burner according to the sixth embodiment,
  • The figure 10 is a view similar to the figure 2 a burner according to an eighth embodiment,
  • The figure 11 is a view similar to the figure 3 a burner according to the eighth embodiment,
  • The figure 12 is a view similar to the figure 3 a burner according to a ninth embodiment,
  • The figure 13 is a view similar to the figure 3 a burner according to a tenth embodiment,
  • The figure 14 is a view similar to the figure 2 a burner according to the tenth embodiment,
  • The figure 15 is a view similar to the figure 3 a burner with vane,
  • The figure 16 is a view similar to the figure 3 of the burner figure 15 modified to form an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, the section being made along the line XVI-XVI of the figure 17 , and
  • The figure 17 is a view similar to the figure 2 of the burner figure 15 modified to form the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

Chacune des figures 1 à 14 représente un brûleur à combustible gazeux 1. Un tel brûleur 1 comprend une conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 qui débouchant dans un foyer. Cette conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 est délimitée par un tube central d'alimentation en air 3 autour duquel s'étend une paroi 4 délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur.Each of the Figures 1 to 14 is a gas fuel burner 1. Such burner 1 comprises a central air supply pipe 2 which opens into a fireplace. This central air supply pipe 2 is delimited by a central air supply pipe 3 around which extends a wall 4 defining the focus of the outside.

Par ailleurs, le brûleur 1 comprend également et, d'autre part, des dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 (en l'occurrence, six dispositifs 5) qui sont disposés dans la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 et qui débouchent directement dans le foyer. Ces dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 sont angulairement régulièrement répartis. Chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 comprend une conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6 qui est délimitée par un tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible 7 dont l'extrémité aval porte une buse d'injection 8.Furthermore, the burner 1 also comprises and, on the other hand, fuel gas supply devices 5 (in this case, six devices 5) which are arranged in the central air supply duct 2 and which open directly in the home. These fuel gas supply devices 5 are angularly regularly distributed. Each fuel gas supply device 5 comprises a fuel gas supply pipe 6 which is delimited by a fuel gas supply tube 7 whose downstream end carries an injection nozzle 8.

De plus, le brûleur 1 comprend un dispositif stabilisateur de flamme 9 qui est disposé dans l'axe 10 de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2.In addition, the burner 1 comprises a flame-stabilizing device 9 which is arranged in the axis 10 of the central air supply duct 2.

Dans les présents modes de réalisation, les brûleurs 1 comprennent également une conduite centrale d'alimentation en combustible liquide 22 qui débouche au centre du stabilisateur de flamme (en aval de celui-ci) et qui est délimitée par un tube central d'alimentation en combustible liquide 23.In the present embodiments, the burners 1 also comprise a central liquid fuel supply pipe 22 which opens at the center of the flame stabilizer (downstream thereof) and which is delimited by a central supply tube. liquid fuel 23.

Selon l'invention, comme on peut le voir aux différentes figures 1 à 14, le brûleur 1 comprend des organes formant écran 11 obstruant partiellement la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2, chaque organe formant écran 11 s'étendant selon un plan parallèle au plan général de l'ouverture aval de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2, à proximité de l'extrémité aval du dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 correspondant, de façon à appauvrir en oxygène la zone dans laquelle le gaz combustible pénètre dans le foyer. De cette façon, cette zone peut être considérée comme un zone morte (le taux d'oxygène pouvant descendre jusqu'à environ 2% - ce qui est à comparer avec le taux de 20% dans l'air), et est le lieu du mélange du gaz combustible avec les fumées.According to the invention, as can be seen at different Figures 1 to 14 , the burner 1 comprises screen members 11 partially obstructing the central air supply duct 2, each screen member 11 extending in a plane parallel to the general plane of the downstream opening of the central supply duct. air 2, near the downstream end of the corresponding fuel gas supply device 5, so as to deplete oxygen the zone in which the fuel gas enters the home. In this way, this zone can be considered as a dead zone (the oxygen level can go down to about 2% - which is to be compared with the rate of 20% in air), and is the place where the combustible gas mixes with the fumes.

Chaque organe formant écran 11 s'étend radialement depuis la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3.Each screen member 11 extends radially from the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3.

Dans tous les modes de réalisation, l'ensemble des organes formant écran 11 forme un anneau qui s'étend sur 360° autour de la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3, sauf dans le quatrième mode de réalisation (cf. figure 5), où les organes formant écran 11 ne sont présents que dans les secteurs angulaires où se trouvent les dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5.In all embodiments, the set of screen members 11 forms a ring that extends 360 ° around the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3, except in the fourth embodiment (cf. figure 5 ), where the screen members 11 are present only in the angular sectors where the fuel gas supply devices 5 are located.

Dans les cinq premiers ainsi que les huitième, neuvième et dixième modes de réalisation, chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 est constitué de la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6 correspondante et une enceinte annexe 100. Dans chaque enceinte annexe 100 qui s'étend parallèlement à la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6. Dans chaque enceinte annexe 100 est disposée la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6. Chaque enceinte annexe 100 est délimitée latéralement par un tube annexe 101. L'extrémité amont de chaque enceinte annexe 100 est par ailleurs obstruée par une plaque 20 qui est traversée par la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6. Cette plaque 20 empêche ainsi l'air provenant de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 de pénétrer dans le tube annexe 100. En outre, l'extrémité aval de l'enceinte annexe 100 débouche directement dans le foyer.In the first five as well as the eighth, ninth and tenth embodiments, each fuel gas supply device 5 consists of the corresponding fuel gas supply line 6 and a secondary enclosure 100. In each enclosure 100 which extends parallel to the fuel gas supply line 6. In each enclosure 100 is disposed the fuel gas supply pipe 6. Each enclosure 100 is laterally delimited by an auxiliary tube 101. The upstream end of each auxiliary enclosure 100 is also obstructed by a plate 20 which is traversed by the fuel gas supply pipe 6. This plate 20 thus prevents air from the central air supply pipe 2 from entering the tube In addition, the downstream end of the adjoining enclosure 100 opens directly into the hearth.

Dans les cinq premiers et les huitième et neuvième modes de réalisation modes de réalisation, chaque enceinte annexe 100 comprend une conduite de circulation des fumées 12 qui s'étend axialement depuis le plan défini par la paroi 4 délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur, jusqu'à l'extrémité aval de l'enceinte annexe 100. Dans chaque conduite de circulation des fumées 12 débouche la buse d'injection 8 correspondante (cf. figure 3). Chaque conduite de circulation des fumées 12 est délimitée latéralement par un tube de circulation des fumées 13 qui est la portion correspondante du tube annexe 101. Dans chaque tube de circulation des fumées 13 est réalisée une ouverture latérale d'admission des fumées 14. Cette ouverture latérale 14 est orientée angulairement vers l'extérieur du tube central d'alimentation en air 3, c'est-à-dire, débouche dans une zone angulaire occupée par la paroi 4 du foyer, et donc dans une zone sans air, occupée par de la fumée.In the first five and eighth and ninth embodiments, each enclosure 100 includes a flue gas duct 12 which extends axially from the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside, until at the downstream end of the enclosure 100. In each circulation pipe fumes 12 opens the corresponding injection nozzle 8 (cf. figure 3 ). Each flue gas duct 12 is delimited laterally by a flue gas tube 13 which is the corresponding portion of the annex tube 101. In each flue gas tube 13 is produced a lateral opening of the fumes inlet 14. This opening lateral 14 is oriented angularly towards the outside of the central air supply tube 3, that is to say, opens into an angular zone occupied by the wall 4 of the hearth, and therefore in a zone without air, occupied by smoke.

Dans le huitième mode de réalisation, l'ouverture latérale d'admission des fumées 14 s'étend angulairement sur la portion du tube de circulation des fumées 13 tangent à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3, sur toute la longueur du tube de circulation des fumées 13.In the eighth embodiment, the lateral smoke inlet opening 14 extends angularly over the portion of the flue gas tube 13 tangential to the inner wall of the central air supply pipe 3, over the entire length. flue gas tube 13.

Dans les cinq premiers modes de réalisation, l'intégralité de l'enceinte annexe 100 s'étendant axialement depuis le plan défini par la paroi 4 délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur, l'extrémité amont de chaque conduite de circulation des fumées 12 est obstruée par la plaque 20.In the first five embodiments, the entirety of the adjoining enclosure 100 extending axially from the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside, the upstream end of each flue gas duct 12 is obstructed by the plate 20.

En outre, l'extrémité aval de la conduite de circulation des fumées 12 forme l'extrémité aval du dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 et débouche directement dans le foyer.In addition, the downstream end of the flue gas duct 12 forms the downstream end of the fuel gas supply device 5 and opens directly into the furnace.

Dans ces cinq modes de réalisation, les tubes de circulation de fumées 13 (tubes annexes 101) sont disposés tangents à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3. De ce fait l'influence de l'air sortant de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 est minimisée. Dans ces cinq modes de réalisation, chaque organe formant écran 11 s'étend depuis la paroi externe du tube de circulation des fumées 13 (tube annexe 101) correspondant.In these five embodiments, the smoke circulation tubes 13 (auxiliary tubes 101) are arranged tangent to the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3. As a result of the influence of the air leaving the duct Central air supply 2 is minimized. In these five embodiments, each screen member 11 extends from the outer wall of the flue gas tube 13 (corresponding tube 101).

De plus, dans les troisième et quatrième modes de réalisation, chaque organe formant écran 11 s'étend sur 360° autour de la paroi externe du tube de circulation des fumées 13 (tube annexe 101) correspondant, sauf au niveau de la jonction de ce tube 13 au tube central d'alimentation en air 3.In addition, in the third and fourth embodiments, each screen member 11 extends 360 ° around the outer wall of the flue gas tube 13 (corresponding appendix tube 101), except at the junction thereof. tube 13 to the central air supply tube 3.

Dans les premier et troisième modes de réalisation, l'anneau constitué des organes formant écran 11 s'étend vers l'intérieur de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 jusqu'au cercle ayant pour centre l'axe 10 de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 et passant par les axes 15 des conduites de circulation des fumées 12 (des enceintes annexes 100). Dans le second mode de réalisation, cet anneau est plus large et s'étend moins jusqu'au cercle tangent aux tubes de circulation des fumées 13 (aux tubes annexes 101).In the first and third embodiments, the ring consisting of the screen members 11 extends inwardly of the central air supply pipe 2 to the circle having the axis 10 of the central pipe centered. supply air 2 and passing through the axes 15 of flue gas ducts 12 (enclosures 100). In the second embodiment, this ring is wider and extends less to the circle tangent to the smoke circulation tubes 13 (to the additional tubes 101).

Par ailleurs, dans les quatre premiers modes de réalisation, l'axe 15 de chaque conduite de circulation de fumées 12 (l'axe 15 de chaque enceinte annexe 100) est l'axe 16 de la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6 correspondant. Au contraire, dans le cinquième mode de réalisation, les tubes d'alimentation en gaz combustible 7 sont disposés tangents à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3 (plus précisément, tangents à la paroi interne du tube de circulation de fumées 13 (du tube annexe 101) lui-même tangent à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3). Cette disposition particulière permet d'excentrer au maximum chaque buse d'injection 8, et donc de minimiser l'influence de l'air.Furthermore, in the first four embodiments, the axis 15 of each flue gas duct 12 (the axis 15 of each enclosure 100 annex) is the axis 16 of the corresponding fuel gas supply line 6 . In contrast, in the fifth embodiment, the fuel gas supply tubes 7 are arranged tangent to the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3 (more precisely, tangent to the inner wall of the flue gas tube 13 (of the annex tube 101) itself tangent to the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3). This particular arrangement makes it possible to off-center each injection nozzle 8 as much as possible, and thus to minimize the influence of air.

Dans les neuvième et dixième modes de réalisation, chaque enceinte annexe 100 comprend une cavité 102 qui s'étend axialement depuis l'extrémité amont de l'enceinte annexe 100 jusqu'au plan défini par la paroi 4 délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur. Chaque cavité 102 est délimitée latéralement par un tube amont 103 qui est la portion correspondante du tube annexe 101. L'extrémité amont de chaque cavité 102 étant l'extrémité amont de l'enceinte annexe 100 correspondante, elle est obstruée par la plaque 20. En outre, dans le dixième mode de réalisation, la plaque 20 comprend une ouverture 104 par laquelle débouche une conduite d'alimentation en fumées 105 par laquelle sont introduites des fumées provenant du foyer et recyclées par l'extérieur de ce dernier.In the ninth and tenth embodiments, each enclosure 100 includes a cavity 102 which extends axially from the upstream end of the enclosure 100 annex to the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside. Each cavity 102 is delimited laterally by an upstream tube 103 which is the corresponding portion of the annex tube 101. The upstream end of each cavity 102 being the upstream end of the corresponding annex enclosure 100, it is obstructed by the plate 20. In addition, in the tenth mode embodiment, the plate 20 comprises an opening 104 through which opens a flue gas supply pipe 105 through which fumes are introduced from the furnace and recycled from outside the latter.

Dans le dixième mode de réalisation, l'enceinte annexe 100 ayant son extrémité aval dans le plan défini par la paroi 4 délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur, elle n'est formée que par la cavité 102 correspondante. Dans ce mode de réalisation, étant donné la présence d'une cavité 102 et l'absence de conduite de circulation des fumées 12, chaque organe formant écran 11 s'étend depuis la paroi externe du tube amont 103 (tube annexe 101) correspondant.In the tenth embodiment, the adjoining enclosure 100 having its downstream end in the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside, it is formed only by the corresponding cavity 102. In this embodiment, given the presence of a cavity 102 and the absence of flue gas duct 12, each screen member 11 extends from the outer wall of the upstream tube 103 (corresponding tube 101).

La présence des organes formant écran 11 réduit de façon telle le taux d'oxydes d'azote, qu'il est possible de les utiliser sans que le brûleur ne comporte de conduite de circulation des fumées 12, ce qui permet de simplifier de façon importante la construction du brûleur 1.The presence of the screen members 11 reduces the nitrogen oxide content in such a way that it is possible to use them without the burner having a flue gas duct 12, which makes it possible to simplify considerably. burner construction 1.

Il en est ainsi du dixième mode de réalisation, où l'enceinte annexe 100 ne comprend que la cavité 102 correspondante. Bien qu'il n'y ait pas de conduite de circulation des fumées 12, le taux de d'oxydes d'azote produits est fortement réduit. En outre la présence de la cavité 102 améliore encore la réduction du taux d'azote.This is the case of the tenth embodiment, where the enclosure 100 includes only the corresponding cavity 102. Although there is no flue gas duct 12, the rate of nitrogen oxides produced is greatly reduced. In addition, the presence of the cavity 102 further improves the reduction of the nitrogen content.

Il en est également ainsi, dans les sixième et septième modes de réalisation dans lesquels chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 est constitué uniquement de la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6 correspondante. La buse d'injection 8 forme alors forme l'extrémité aval du dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible 5 et débouche directement dans le foyer, de façon sensiblement affleurante au plan défini par la paroi 4 délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur (cf. figure 9). De ce fait, chaque buse d'injection 8 se trouve dans une zone morte, sensiblement sans oxygène, le taux pouvant descendre jusqu'à 2%.This is also true in the sixth and seventh embodiments in which each fuel gas supply device 5 consists solely of the corresponding fuel gas supply line 6. The injection nozzle 8 then forms the downstream end of the gas supply device fuel 5 and opens directly into the fireplace, substantially flush with the plane defined by the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside (cf. figure 9 ). Therefore, each injection nozzle 8 is in a dead zone, substantially without oxygen, the rate can be as low as 2%.

Dans ces deux modes de réalisation, chaque organe formant écran 11 s'étend depuis la paroi externe du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible 7 correspondant. Dans le sixième mode de réalisation, chaque organe formant écran 11 s'étend sur 360° autour de la paroi externe du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible 7 correspondant, et ceci sur une distance au moins égale au diamètre du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible 7 afin de minimiser l'influence de l'air provenant de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2. Dans le même ordre d'idée, dans le septième mode de réalisation, les tubes d'alimentation en gaz combustible 7 sont tangents à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3. Par ailleurs, dans ces deux exemples, l'anneau constitué des organes formant écran 11 s'étend vers l'intérieur de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 jusqu'au cercle ayant pour centre l'axe 10 de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 et distant de la paroi du tube central d'alimentation en air 3 d'une longueur égale au double du diamètre du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible 7.In these two embodiments, each screen member 11 extends from the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube 7. In the sixth embodiment, each screen member 11 extends 360 ° around the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube 7, and this over a distance at least equal to the diameter of the feed tube. fuel gas 7 to minimize the influence of the air from the central air supply pipe 2. In the same vein, in the seventh embodiment, the fuel gas supply tubes 7 are tangential to the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3. Furthermore, in these two examples, the ring consisting of the screen members 11 extends inwardly of the central air supply pipe 2 until to the circle centered on the axis 10 of the central air supply duct 2 and remote from the wall of the central air supply tube 3 with a length equal to twice the diameter of the gas supply tube fuel 7.

La présence des organes formant écran 11 dans un brûleur conformément à la présente invention, sans enceinte annexe 100 permet de diviser par deux le taux d'oxydes d'azote émis par rapport à un brûleur sans organes formant écran 11 et sans enceinte annexe 100. La présence supplémentaire de la cavité 102 sans la conduite de circulation de fumées permet de réduire encore le taux d'oxydes d'azote.The presence of screen members 11 in a burner according to the present invention, without an enclosure 100 allows to divide by two the rate of nitrogen oxides emitted with respect to a burner without screen members 11 and without an enclosure 100. The additional presence of cavity 102 without the conduct of flue gas circulation further reduces the rate of nitrogen oxides.

De plus, dans les présents modes de réalisation, le dispositif stabilisateur de flamme 9 s'étend radialement de façon à laisser un passage libre entre son rebord radial externe 17 et les bords radiaux libres 18 des organes formant écran 11. De ce fait, la section de passage de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 peut être divisée en trois types de zones : une première zone centrale d'où sort de l'air ayant un flux avec une composante angulaire générée par le stabilisateur de flamme 9, une zone annulaire entourant la zone centrale d'où sort de l'air ayant un flux axial, et une zone périphérique externe à l'extérieur des deux autres zones, sans air.Moreover, in the present embodiments, the flame-stabilizing device 9 extends radially so as to leave a free passage between its outer radial flange 17 and the free radial edges 18 of the screen members 11. As a result, passage section of the central air supply duct 2 can be divided into three types of zones: a first central zone from which air with a flow with an angular component generated by the flame stabilizer 9 comes out; annular zone surrounding the central zone out of which air has an axial flow, and an outer peripheral zone outside the other two zones, without air.

Par ailleurs, afin de limiter l'influence de l'air provenant de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2, dans les sept modes de réalisation, les bords radiaux libres 18 de chaque organe formant écran 11 portent une paroi protectrice 19 qui s'étend longitudinalement le long de l'axe 10 de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2. Dans ces modes de réalisation, cette paroi protectrice 19 s'étend longitudinalement de part de d'autre de l'organe formant écran 11. De plus, afin d'améliorer son efficacité, cette paroi protectrice 19 est inclinée d'environ 5° par rapport à l'axe 10 de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2 de façon à rendre convergent la section de passage de l'air.Moreover, in order to limit the influence of the air coming from the central air supply pipe 2, in the seven embodiments, the free radial edges 18 of each screen member 11 carry a protective wall 19 which extends longitudinally along the axis 10 of the central air supply pipe 2. In these embodiments, this protective wall 19 extends longitudinally on either side of the screen member 11. Moreover, in order to improve its efficiency, this protective wall 19 is inclined by about 5 ° relative to the axis 10 of the central air supply duct 2 so as to converge the air passage section. .

Cette paroi protectrice permet également d'avoir une plus grande souplesse dans la position axiale du stabilisateur de flamme 9 par rapport aux organes formant écran 11. En effet, sans paroi protectrice 19, le plan de l'extrémité aval des ailettes du stabilisateur 9 doit (sensiblement) être celui dans lequel s'étendent les organes formant écran 11 ou, à la rigueur, il peut être légèrement en aval de ces derniers. Au contraire, en présence de la paroi protectrice 19, le plan de l'extrémité aval des ailettes du stabilisateur 9 peut être situé entre les deux plans définis par les extrémités axiales de la paroi protectrice 19.This protective wall also makes it possible to have greater flexibility in the axial position of the flame stabilizer 9 with respect to the screen members 11. Indeed, without a protective wall 19, the plane of the downstream end of the fins of the stabilizer 9 must (substantially) being that in which the screen members 11 extend or, at the rigor, it may be slightly downstream of these. On the contrary, in the presence of the protective wall 19, the plane of the downstream end of the fins of the stabilizer 9 can be located between the two planes defined by the axial ends of the protective wall 19.

Un avantage de la présente invention est qu'elle peut être mise en place dans des brûleurs déjà existants 300, tels que des brûleurs à ventelles, c'est-à-dire dont l'extrémité aval du tube d'alimentation en air comprend une section convergente 200 suivie d'une section divergente 201, la section divergente étant normalement située dans l'épaisseur de la paroi 4 délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur (cf. figure 15).An advantage of the present invention is that it can be implemented in existing burners 300, such as vane burners, that is to say the downstream end of the air supply tube comprises a convergent section 200 followed by a diverging section 201, the diverging section being normally located in the thickness of the wall 4 defining the focus of the outside (cf. figure 15 ).

Dans le mode de réalisation d'un brûleur existant, la jonction de la section convergente 200 avec la section divergente 201 définie un col 203 dans le plan duquel sont disposés les buses (ou équivalents) des conduites centrales d'alimentation en combustible gazeux 6 ainsi que le stabilisateur de flamme 9 et l'ouverture (les ouvertures) de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en combustible liquide 22.In the embodiment of an existing burner, the junction of the convergent section 200 with the diverging section 201 defines a neck 203 in the plane of which are arranged the nozzles (or equivalent) of the central gas supply pipes 6 and the flame stabilizer 9 and the opening (the openings) of the central liquid fuel supply pipe 22.

La mise en place de l'invention est illustrée par les figures 16 et 17 qui représentent un brûleur 1 conforme à un onzième mode de réalisation s'apparentant à la fois aux sixième et septième modes de réalisation pour l'absence d'enceinte annexe dans les dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible (cf. figure 16), et au quatrième mode de réalisation pour la présence des organes formant écran 11 uniquement autour de ces dispositifs (cf. figure 17).The implementation of the invention is illustrated by the Figures 16 and 17 which represent a burner 1 according to an eleventh embodiment similar to both the sixth and seventh embodiments for the absence of auxiliary enclosure in the fuel gas supply devices (cf. figure 16 ), and the fourth embodiment for the presence of screen members 11 only around these devices (cf. figure 17 ).

La rénovation du brûleur existant est réalisée par la modification de la position axiale des extrémités aval des dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible (qui dépend de la présence ou de l'absence de conduites de circulation des fumées). Ici, les dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible ne comprenant que les conduites d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6, leur extrémité axiale est disposée sensiblement dans le plan défini par la paroi 4 séparant le foyer de l'extérieur (les buses 8 font légèrement saillie dans le foyer).The renovation of the existing burner is carried out by modifying the axial position of the downstream ends of the fuel gas supply devices (which depends on the presence or absence of circulation lines of smoke). Here, the fuel gas supply devices comprising only the fuel gas supply lines 6, their axial end is disposed substantially in the plane defined by the wall 4 separating the focus from the outside (the nozzles 8 are slightly protruding into the focus).

En outre, afin de réduire le taux d'oxydes d'azote, et conformément à la présente invention, des organes formant écran sont fixés au niveau de l'extrémité aval de ces dispositifs, ici au niveau de l'extrémité aval des conduites d'alimentation en gaz combustible 6 (les organes formant écran 11 sont disposés au niveau du plan par la paroi 4 séparant le foyer de l'extérieur).In addition, in order to reduce the nitrogen oxide content, and in accordance with the present invention, screen members are attached at the downstream end of these devices, here at the downstream end of the dies. supply of combustible gas 6 (the screen members 11 are arranged at the plane by the wall 4 separating the fireplace from the outside).

Afin de limiter la gêne due à l'air circulant dans la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air 2, la position axiale du stabilisateur de flamme 9 et de l'extrémité aval de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en combustible liquide 22 est adaptée. Ici, vu l'absence de paroi protectrice le long des organes formant écran 11, la position axiale du stabilisateur de flamme 9 et de l'extrémité aval de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en combustible liquide 22 est sensiblement dans le plan défini par les organes formant écran 11.In order to limit the annoyance due to the air circulating in the central air supply pipe 2, the axial position of the flame stabilizer 9 and the downstream end of the central liquid fuel supply pipe 22 is adapted. Here, given the absence of a protective wall along the screen members 11, the axial position of the flame stabilizer 9 and the downstream end of the central liquid fuel supply pipe 22 is substantially in the plane defined by the screen members 11.

Par ailleurs, pour ne pas augmenter la perte de charge du brûleur avant et après rénovation, celle-ci de préférence, est faite en sorte entre que la section de passage de l'air entre le stabilisateur de flamme 9 et la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3 soit sensiblement inchangée. Dans le présent mode de réalisation, du fait de l'avancement du stabilisateur de flamme 9 du col 203 à sensiblement l'extrémité aval de la section divergente 201, cette section de passage a augmenté. En conséquence, la section divergente 201 est modifiée en réduisant l'ouverture réalisée dans la paroi 4 (en ajoutant des matériaux réfractaires 202). Par ailleurs, afin de tenir compte de la présence des organes formant écran 11 dans certains secteurs angulaires uniquement dans le présent mode de réalisation, la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air 3 n'est pas angulairement régulière : dans les secteurs où les organes formant écran sont présents, cette paroi est cylindrique, et dans les autres secteurs angulaires légèrement conique divergente.Moreover, in order not to increase the pressure drop of the burner before and after renovation, the latter is preferably made between the air passage section between the flame stabilizer 9 and the inner wall of the tube. central air supply 3 is substantially unchanged. In the present embodiment, because of the advancement of the flame stabilizer 9 of the neck 203 to substantially the downstream end of the diverging section 201, this passage section has increased. As a result, the diverging section 201 is modified by reducing the opening performed in the wall 4 (by adding refractory materials 202). Moreover, in order to take account of the presence of the screen members 11 in certain angular sectors only in the present embodiment, the inner wall of the central air supply tube 3 is not angularly regular: in the sectors where the screen members are present, this wall is cylindrical, and in the other slightly conical divergent angular sectors.

La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemples. Il serait ainsi possible de combiner entre eux ces différents modes de réalisation.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments given as examples. It would thus be possible to combine these different embodiments with one another.

Il serait également possible, quand le brûleur comporte des conduites de circulation des fumées, d'avoir un anneau s'étendant vers l'intérieur de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air au-delà du cercle ayant passant par les axes des conduites de circulation des fumées, voire même au-delà du cercle tangent à ces tubes de circulation des fumées.It would also be possible, when the burner has flue gas flow lines, to have a ring extending inwardly of the central air supply duct beyond the circle passing through the axes of the ducts. circulation of fumes, or even beyond the circle tangent to these smoke circulation tubes.

Parallèlement, dans le cas d'un brûleur sans conduite de circulation des fumées, il serait possible que chaque organe formant écran s'étend autour de la paroi externe du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible correspondant sur une distance supérieure au diamètre du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible, voire supérieure au double de ce diamètre. De même, l'anneau pourrait s'étendre du tube central d'alimentation en air vers l'intérieur de la conduite centrale d'alimentation sur une distance supérieure au double du diamètre du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible (voire supérieure au triple de ce diamètre).Meanwhile, in the case of a burner without flue gas duct, it is possible that each screen member extends around the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube over a distance greater than the diameter of the tube. fuel gas supply, or even more than twice this diameter. Likewise, the ring could extend from the central air supply tube towards the inside of the central supply pipe for a distance greater than twice the diameter of the fuel gas supply pipe (or even greater than the triple of this diameter).

Claims (30)

Brûleur à combustible gazeux (1) comprenant, d'une part, une conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) qui débouche dans un foyer et est délimitée par un tube central d'alimentation en air (3) autour duquel s'étend une paroi (4) délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur, et, d'autre part, des dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz combustible (5) qui sont disposés dans la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) et débouchent directement dans le foyer, chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible (5) comprenant une conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6) délimitée par un tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7) dont l'extrémité aval porte une buse d'injection (8), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des organes formant écran (11) obstruant partiellement la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2), chaque organe formant écran (11) s'étendant selon un plan parallèle au plan général de l'ouverture aval de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2), au niveau de l'extrémité aval du dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible (5) correspondant, de façon à appauvrir en oxygène la zone dans laquelle le gaz combustible pénètre dans le foyer.Gaseous fuel burner (1) comprising, on the one hand, a central air supply duct (2) which opens into a furnace and is delimited by a central air supply tube (3) around which extends a wall (4) delimiting the focal point from the outside and, on the other hand, fuel gas supply devices (5) which are arranged in the central air supply pipe (2) and open directly into the the furnace, each fuel gas supply device (5) comprising a fuel gas supply pipe (6) delimited by a fuel gas supply pipe (7) whose downstream end carries an injection nozzle (8), characterized in that it comprises screen members (11) partially obstructing the central air supply duct (2), each screen member (11) extending in a plane parallel to the general plane of the downstream opening of the central air supply pipe (2), at the the lower end of the fuel gas supply device (5) corresponding, so as to deplete oxygen the zone in which the fuel gas enters the home. Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque organe formant écran (11) s'étend radialement depuis la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air (3) .Burner (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that each screen member (11) extends radially from the inner wall of the central air supply tube (3). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble des organes formant écran (11) forme un anneau s'étendant sur 360° autour de la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air (3).Burner (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the set of screen members (11) forms a ring extending 360 ° around the inner wall of the central air supply tube (3). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible (5) est constitué par la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6) et par une enceinte annexe (100) qui est délimitée par un tube annexe (101) s'étendant parallèlement à la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6), dans laquelle est disposée cette conduite (6), dont l'extrémité amont est obstruée par une plaque (20) traversée par la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6), et dont l'extrémité aval débouche directement dans le foyer.Burner (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each fuel gas supply device (5) is constituted by the supply line a fuel gas (6) and an auxiliary enclosure (100) which is delimited by an auxiliary tube (101) extending parallel to the fuel gas supply pipe (6), in which the pipe (6) is disposed. , whose upstream end is obstructed by a plate (20) traversed by the fuel gas supply pipe (6), and whose downstream end opens directly into the furnace. Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les tubes annexes (101) sont tangents à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air (3).Burner (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the auxiliary tubes (101) are tangent to the inner wall of the central air supply tube (3). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte annexe (100) comprend une conduite de circulation des fumées (12) qui s'étend axialement depuis le plan défini par la paroi (4) délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur jusqu'à l'extrémité aval de l'enceinte annexe (100), et dans laquelle débouche la buse d'injection (8), la portion correspondante du tube annexe (101) formant un tube de circulation des fumées (13) dans lequel est réalisée un ouverture latérale d'admission des fumées (14) tournée angulairement vers l'extérieur du tube central d'alimentation en air (3)Burner (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the adjoining enclosure (100) comprises a flue gas duct (12) which extends axially from the plane defined by the wall (4) delimiting the hearth from outside to the downstream end of the auxiliary enclosure (100), and into which the injection nozzle (8) opens, the corresponding portion of the auxiliary tube (101) forming a flue gas tube ( 13) in which a flue gas side opening (14) is rotated angularly outwardly of the central air supply pipe (3) Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 6 dépendante de la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture latérale d'admission des fumées (14) s'étend angulairement sur la portion du tube de circulation des fumées (13) tangent à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air (3) , sur toute la longueur du tube de circulation des fumées (13).Burner (1) according to claim 6 dependent on claim 5, characterized in that the side opening of the flue gas inlet (14) extends angularly over the portion of the flue gas tube (13) tangential to the wall internal of the central air supply tube (3), along the entire length of the flue gas tube (13). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendication 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte annexe (100) comprend une cavité (102) qui s'étend axialement depuis l'extrémité amont de l'enceinte annexe (100) jusqu'au plan défini par la paroi (4) délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur, la portion correspondante du tube annexe (101) formant un tube amont (103) .Burner (1) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the adjoining enclosure (100) comprises a cavity (102) which extends axially from the upstream end of the adjoining enclosure (100) until 'to the plane defined by the wall (4) delimiting the focus of the outside, the portion corresponding tube (101) forming an upstream tube (103). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (15) de chaque enceinte annexe (100) est l'axe (16) de la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6) correspondante.Burner (1) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the axis (15) of each auxiliary chamber (100) is the axis (16) of the fuel gas supply pipe (6) corresponding. Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les tubes d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7) sont tangents à la paroi interne du tube annexe (101) .Burner (1) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the fuel gas supply tubes (7) are tangent to the inner wall of the auxiliary tube (101). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que chaque organe formant écran (11) s'étend depuis la paroi externe du tube annexe (101) correspondant.Burner (1) according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that each screen member (11) extends from the outer wall of the corresponding auxiliary tube (101). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que chaque organe formant écran (11) s'étend sur 360° autour de la paroi externe du tube annexe (101) correspondant.Burner (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that each screen member (11) extends over 360 ° around the outer wall of the corresponding auxiliary tube (101). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 12 dépendante de la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau s'étend vers l'intérieur de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) au moins jusqu'au cercle ayant pour centre l'axe (10) de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) et passant par les axes (15) des enceintes annexes (100).Burner (1) according to one of claims 4 to 12 dependent on claim 3, characterized in that the ring extends inwardly of the central air supply pipe (2) at least until circle centered on the axis (10) of the central air supply duct (2) and passing through the axes (15) of the auxiliary enclosures (100). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau s'étend vers l'intérieur de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) au moins jusqu'au cercle ayant pour centre l'axe (10) de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) et tangent aux tubes annexes (101).Burner (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the ring extends inwardly of the central air supply duct (2) at least to the circle centered on the axis (10). the central air supply pipe (2) and tangent to the additional tubes (101). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 14, caractérisé en ce que chaque plaque (20) comprend une ouverture (104) par laquelle débouche une conduite d'alimentation en fumées (105) par laquelle sont introduites des fumées provenant du foyer et recyclées par l'extérieur de ce dernier.Burner (1) according to one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that each plate (20) comprises an opening (104) through which a pipe opens fume supply system (105) through which fumes from the furnace are introduced and recycled from outside the furnace. Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque dispositif d'alimentation en gaz combustible (5) est constitué par la conduite d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6) dont la buse d'injection (8) débouche directement dans le foyer est sensiblement affleurante au plan défini par la paroi (4) délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur.Burner (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each fuel gas supply device (5) is constituted by the fuel gas supply line (6) whose injection nozzle ( 8) opens directly into the hearth is substantially flush with the plane defined by the wall (4) defining the focus of the outside. Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les tubes d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7) sont tangents à la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air (3).Burner (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the fuel gas supply tubes (7) are tangent to the inner wall of the central air supply tube (3). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que chaque organe formant écran (11) s'étend depuis la paroi externe du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7) correspondant.Burner (1) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that each screen member (11) extends from the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube (7). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que chaque organe formant écran (11) s'étend sur 360° autour de la paroi externe du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7) correspondant sur une distance au moins égale au diamètre du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7).Burner (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that each screen member (11) extends 360 ° around the outer wall of the corresponding fuel gas supply tube (7) for a distance at least equal to diameter of the fuel gas supply tube (7). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 16 à 19 dépendante de la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau s'étend vers l'intérieur de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) au moins jusqu'au cercle de centre l'axe de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) et distant de la paroi du tube central d'alimentation en air (3) d'une longueur égale au double du diamètre du tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7).Burner (1) according to one of claims 16 to 19 dependent on claim 3, characterized in that the ring extends inwardly of the central air supply pipe (2) at least until circle of center the axis of the central air supply pipe (2) and remote from the wall of the central air supply pipe (3) with a length equal to twice the diameter of the gas supply tube fuel (7). Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisé en ce que les bords radiaux libres (18) de chaque organe formant écran (11) porte une paroi protectrice (19) s'étendant longitudinalement le long de l'axe (10) de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2), de part de d'autre de l'organe formant écran (11).Burner (1) according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the free radial edges (18) of each screen member (11) carries a protective wall (19) extending longitudinally along the axis (10) of the central air supply pipe (2), on either side of the body forming screen (11). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que la paroi protectrice (19) est inclinée d'environ 5° par rapport à l'axe (10) de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) de façon à rendre convergent la section de passage de l'air.Burner (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that the protective wall (19) is inclined at approximately 5 ° with respect to the axis (10) of the central air supply duct (2) so as to make converge the section of passage of the air. Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif stabilisateur de flamme (9) disposé dans l'axe (10) de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2), s'étendant radialement de façon à laisser un passage libre entre son rebord radial externe (17) et les bords radiaux libres (18) des organes formant écran (11) .Burner (1) according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that it comprises a flame-stabilizing device (9) arranged in the axis (10) of the central air supply pipe (2), extending radially so as to leave a free passage between its outer radial flange (17) and the free radial edges (18) of the screen members (11). Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que le plan de l'extrémité aval du dispositif stabilisateur de flamme (9) est celui dans lequel s'étendent les organes formant écran (11).Burner (1) according to claim 23, characterized in that the plane of the downstream end of the flame-stabilizing device (9) is that in which the screen members (11) extend. Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 23 dépendante de la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que le plan de l'extrémité aval du dispositif stabilisateur de flamme (9) est situé entre les deux plans définis par les extrémités axiales de la paroi protectrice (19).Burner (1) according to claim 23 dependent on claim 21, characterized in that the plane of the downstream end of the flame-stabilizing device (9) is located between the two planes defined by the axial ends of the protective wall (19). ). Procédé de rénovation d'un brûleur existant qui comprend, d'une part, une conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) qui débouche dans un foyer et est délimitée par un tube central d'alimentation en air (3) autour duquel s'étend une paroi (4) délimitant le foyer de l'extérieur, et, d'autre part, des conduites d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6) chacune délimitée par un tube d'alimentation en gaz combustible (7) dont l'extrémité aval porte une buse d'injection (8), caractérisé en ce que des organes formant écran (11) sont fixés aux extrémités aval des conduites d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6) de façon à s'étendre selon un plan parallèle au plan général de l'ouverture aval de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) et à obstruer partiellement cette conduite pour appauvrir en oxygène la zone dans laquelle le gaz combustible pénètre dans le foyer.A method of renovating an existing burner which comprises, on the one hand, a central air supply duct (2) which opens into a furnace and is delimited by a central air supply tube (3) around which extends a wall (4) delimiting the hearth from the outside, and, on the other hand, fuel gas supply lines (6) each delimited by a fuel gas supply pipe (7), the downstream end carries a nozzle injection device (8), characterized in that screen members (11) are attached to the downstream ends of the fuel gas supply pipes (6) so as to extend in a plane parallel to the general plane of the downstream opening of the central air supply duct (2) and partially blocking this duct to oxygen deplete the zone in which the combustible gas enters the furnace. Procédé de rénovation selon la revendication 26, caractérisé en ce que la position axiale des extrémités aval des conduites d'alimentation en gaz combustible est sensiblement dans le plan défini par la paroi (4) séparant le foyer de l'extérieur).Renovation method according to claim 26, characterized in that the axial position of the downstream ends of the fuel gas supply pipes is substantially in the plane defined by the wall (4) separating the fireplace from the outside). Procédé de rénovation d'un brûleur existant qui comprend un dispositif stabilisateur de flamme (9) disposé dans l'axe (10) de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en air (2) et une conduite centrale d'alimentation en combustible liquide (22) débouchant au centre du stabilisateur de flamme (9), le procédé selon la revendication 26 ou 27 étant caractérisé en ce que la position axiale du stabilisateur de flamme (9) et de l'extrémité aval de la conduite centrale d'alimentation en combustible liquide (22) est sensiblement dans le plan défini par les organes formant écran (11).A method of renovating an existing burner which comprises a flame-stabilizing device (9) disposed in the axis (10) of the central air supply pipe (2) and a central liquid fuel supply pipe (22). ) opening in the center of the flame stabilizer (9), the method according to claim 26 or 27 being characterized in that the axial position of the flame stabilizer (9) and the downstream end of the central fuel supply pipe liquid (22) is substantially in the plane defined by the screen members (11). Procédé de rénovation d'un brûleur existant dont l'extrémité aval du tube central d'alimentation en air (3) est formée par une section convergente (200) prolongée dans la direction d'écoulement de l'air par une section divergente (201), le stabilisateur de flamme 9 étant disposé dans le plan du col (203) défini par la jonction des sections convergente (200) et divergente (201), le procédé selon la revendication 28 étant caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de la section divergente (201) est réduite de sorte que la section de passage de l'air entre le stabilisateur de flamme (9) et la paroi interne du tube central d'alimentation en air(3) soit sensiblement inchangée.A method of renovating an existing burner, the downstream end of the central air supply tube (3) is formed by a convergent section (200) extended in the direction of flow of air by a diverging section (201) ), the flame stabilizer 9 being disposed in the plane of the neck (203) defined by the junction of the convergent (200) and divergent (201) sections, the method according to claim 28 being characterized in that the opening of the section divergent (201) is reduced so that the air passage section between the flame stabilizer (9) and the inner wall of the central air supply tube (3) is substantially unchanged. Procédé de rénovation d'un brûleur existant par l'ajout d'organe formant écran (11) uniquement dans les secteurs angulaires environnant des conduites d'alimentation en gaz combustible (6), le procédé selon la revendication 29 étant caractérisé en ce que la réduction de l'ouverture de la section divergente est supérieure dans les secteurs angulaires où les organes formant écran (11) que dans les autres secteurs angulaires.A method of renovating an existing burner by adding screen member (11) only in the surrounding angular sectors of the fuel gas supply lines (6), the method according to claim 29 being characterized in that the reduction of the opening of the divergent section is greater in the angular sectors where the screen members (11) than in the other angular sectors.
EP08153362.2A 2007-04-02 2008-03-27 Gaseous fuel burner Active EP1980788B1 (en)

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FR0702407A FR2914398B1 (en) 2007-04-02 2007-04-02 GASEOUS FUEL BURNER

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JP2016194408A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-11-17 ボルカノ株式会社 Burner device for mixed combustion, and boiler

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FR2914398A1 (en) 2008-10-03
EP1980788B1 (en) 2016-08-31
FR2914398B1 (en) 2009-12-18
ES2600565T3 (en) 2017-02-09

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