EP1980695B1 - High security lock - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a high-security lock comprising a locking mechanism having a locking element, a spring loading and a holding device, wherein the locking element between a "locked" position and an "unlocked" position is movable and the spring action acts in such a way on the locking mechanism, in that the locking element is moved from the "unlocked" position to the "locked" position and wherein the retaining device is functionally independent of the spring loading for maintaining the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position, the retaining device having a permanent magnet , which holds the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element is in the "locked" position, and wherein the holding device comprises a locking latch, which is designed to block the locking element in the "locked" position, and wherein the permanent magnet is arranged on the locking latch.

Locks whose mechanics are independent of the spring loading to maintain the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position and in which a permanent magnet holds the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element is in the "locked" position are basically known in the art. For example, this describes US 5,755,126 a lock for a freight container in which the locking element is held in the "locked" position by both a spring and a permanent magnet. In the EP 1 669 524 A1 a lock is described in which a locking latch is pivoted by the repulsion of two magnets in a receptacle on the locking element, that this can not be moved back. Locks and in particular door locks for high-security applications (hereinafter referred to as "high-security lock") are characterized by high strength values as well as high functional reliability and low manipulability. Typical applications of such high security locks lie, for example, in high-security areas, on the catchment area, etc. A typical high-security lock, for example, from the DE 38 75 642 T2 known.

Usually, the known high-security locks tensile, compressive, spiral or torsion springs, which act on the locking element, which is for example a bolt, in such a way that it is pressed by the spring elements in the "locked" position to a Locking the high security lock to ensure. The "locked" position is thus to be understood as meaning a position of the locking element in which it locks a door. For this purpose, the high security lock is usually embedded in a door leaf, wherein the locking element for locking the door, that protrudes in its "locked" position, on the door leaf side cuff and in a türzargenseitige recess, which is surrounded for example by a strike plate projects. The locking safety of such high-security locks thus depends centrally on the integrity of the spring elements pressing the locking element into the "locked" position, but these spring elements are not always fatigue-resistant, so that the faultless functionality of the high-security lock can no longer be guaranteed by, for example, breaking the spring elements. In this case, since the locking element is no longer displaced or pivoted by the spring element into the "locked" position, there is a risk that the locking element will pivot into a position releasing the door after a spring break t, since the spring action has disappeared. In this way, therefore, an undesired unlocking of the high-security lock can occur. This runs counter to the high-security idea of such a lock.

Furthermore, it is generally desirable to allow a particularly high application range of a high-security lock and in particular an electromagnetically operable high-security lock, that this can be operated both in the working current and in the quiescent current principle. With the working current principle, the door is unlocked during activation and can therefore be opened upon contact. In contrast, the door is always locked in the quiescent current principle, as long as the power is turned on. If the power is interrupted when a contact is made or due to a power failure, the door is unlocked and can thus be opened. In both operating principles, a permanent energization of an actuator, which usually represents a Hubmagnetspule necessary for controlling the locking state thus depending on the locking state for certain periods.

A high-security lock, which operates in the working current principle, must be energized, for example, for unlocking. Accordingly, a permanent current supply is required for locking and maintaining the locking state in high-security locks in quiescent current execution. The energization causes a total warming, which both the castle as well as the door leaf warmed up. In individual cases, this heat development can even go so far that, in particular in the case of wooden doors, ignition-critical temperatures can be achieved. This risk also contradicts the high-security idea of a high-security lock.

The functional integrity of the known high-security locks thus depends entirely on the functionality of the spring elements and a usually electromagnetic trip unit. The electromagnetic trip unit is ultimately the component which triggers an unlocking or locking the high-security lock by energizing. Typically, this is a solenoid with a coil. These electromagnetic trip units and the spring elements are problematic in the high security area because of their susceptibility to tampering. In addition to the already mentioned spring break problem, which can lead to an unlocking of the lock, for example, depending on the embodiment of the high security lock, especially the electromagnetic trip unit is susceptible to manipulation, the unauthorized unlocking a locked with a generic high-security lock door, as it is, for example a power failure in high-security locks, which are executed on the quiescent current principle, would be the case allow.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a high-security lock, which has a particularly high reliability. This relates in particular to ensuring the functional integrity of the locking element, regardless of whether the spring element, by which the locking element is acted upon, is functional. But this also applies to a particularly high security against manipulation and a reduced heat development of the high-security lock.

The solution of the problem succeeds with a high-security lock according to the independent claim. Preferred developments are specified in the dependent claims.

The core idea of the invention is to provide a high-security lock with at least one redundancy function. Under redundancy function in the context of the invention is the additional presence of functionally same acting means or devices to understand, so that proper functioning of the high security lock even in case of failure of an element, such as the breakage of a spring element, by the redundant means or redundant existing Device is guaranteed.

A locking operation of a generic high-security lock usually comprises at least the steps a) actuating an electromagnetic trip unit, b) moving a locking element from an "unlocked" position to a "locked" position and c) stabilizing the locking element in the "locked" position. An inventive high security lock is thus intended for locking / locking objects and in particular doors. For this purpose, the high-security lock, for example, embedded in a door leaf, which is surrounded by a door frame. Door frame side, a recess is provided, in which a locking element, such as a bolt which protrudes from the door leaf side high security lock in the "locked" position, can protrude. In the "locked" position of the locking element a closed and secured with a high-security lock according to the invention thus can not be opened. For unlocking the locking element is moved from the "locked" position to the "unlocked" position. For this purpose, the locking element is pulled, for example, in the high-security lock, swung etc. In the "unlocked" position secured with the high-security lock object or equipped with a high security lock invention door is thus openable.

The redundancy function increases the locking security of a high-security lock insofar as failing components are buffered by parallel components or mechanisms in their functioning. This may, for example, be an additional stabilization of the locking element in the "locked" position. For this purpose, in particular, the use of a magnet and more particularly of a permanent magnet has proven to be particularly suitable, since this in addition to the high functional reliability has a comparatively small footprint and thus the cramped space conditions in high security locks particularly well. It is inventively provided that the magnet and in particular the permanent magnet is arranged in the high security lock, that it then interacts to stabilize the locking element in the "locked" position with a magnetic material when the locking element in the "locked" position is. The eventual failure of a spring element acting on the locking element in the "locked" position is then compensated by the magnet interacting with a magnetic material. The locking element is thus, despite defective spring action, which was previously ensured by a positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position in the prior art alone, by the locking element in the "locked" position holding magnet taken. For this purpose, it is possible that the magnet and in particular the permanent magnet does not act directly on the locking element itself or is arranged on the locking element itself, but acts, for example, on parts of the locking element positioning locking mechanism or is arranged on this.

In addition, a gravity-dependent stabilization of the locking element in the "locked" position is also provided according to the invention. Under a gravity-dependent stabilization in the context of the invention is to be understood a stabilization of the locking element, which uses the force of gravity as a driving force to bring the locking element in the "locked" position and / or keep. This includes, for example, the use of a pivoting bolt, which is arranged in its center of gravity on the high security lock, that it pivots itself in a position, as far as no counteracting spring forces or by other means acting on the locking element forces the free pivoting movement of the pivot bolt oppose, in the pivot bolt stabilizes the locking element in the "locked" position. Under a stabilization of the locking element is for example a lock, locking or locking the locking element to understand, the pivot lever can act directly or indirectly to the locking element. In addition, it is thus within the scope of the invention also possible to design a positioning mechanism of the locking element in such a way that the locking mechanism is in functional connection with the locking element and the locking mechanism or parts of the locking mechanism, the locking element gravity-dependent in the "locked" - Stabilize position.

Furthermore, the method for locking a high-security lock may include switching to a holding function and in particular an electromagnetically controllable holding function for locking the bolt. The holding function is preferably designed as an electromagnetically controllable holding function. The hold function is a function that detects the positioning of the lock member in the "unlocked" position and / or in the "locked" position, disengaged from the trip unit. The normally electromagnetically controllable tripping unit of the high security lock is thus relieved by the holding function and in particular by the electromagnetically controllable holding function after a triggered by the trip unit method of the locking element, for example, from the "unlocked" position in the "locked" position or vice versa. This relief may include switching the holding function to the trip unit when the latch member has moved the latch to the "locked" position and / or the "unlocked" position. But it is also possible that the electromagnetic trip unit is used exclusively for a method of the locking element between the "unlocked" position and the "locked" position and the determination of the locking element is achieved solely by the holding function. In order to coordinate this process sequence, control means may also be present which control the switching processes of the holding function and the tripping unit with respect to one another.

Finally, the redundancy function can also include a coupling of a fully mechanically actuated locking mechanism. It is thus possible according to the invention, regardless of the electromagnetic trip unit to unlock the high security lock via a locking mechanism and / or to lock. This can be done for example via a pawl or via a key-operated mechanism. According to the invention is a locking mechanism provided in the operating mechanism of the high-security lock, which can optionally be engaged for locking and / or unlocking the high security lock. The locking mechanism is accordingly designed so that an operation of the high-security lock is normally possible via the electromagnetic trip unit. In case of failure of the electromagnetic trip unit, the fully mechanized actuated locking mechanism, which thus allows parallel to the electromagnetic trip unit unlocking or locking the high security lock, be connected by a Einkupplungsvorgang. This function thus allows independent from the electromagnetic trip unit locking and / or unlocking the high security lock. In this case, the training of this fully mechanically actuated locking mechanism as mechanical locking function has been found to be particularly preferred. With such a design of the fully mechanized actuated locking mechanism thus locking the high security lock can be ensured, for example, during a power failure or it is possible to prevent an unlocking of the high security lock by a power failure by means of a fully mechanical closing. This is particularly advantageous for high-security locks, which are designed in the working flow principle, since a manipulative activation or energization of the trip unit is not possible as long as the high-security lock is mechanically locked.

The engagement of the fully mechanically actuated locking mechanism is thus preferably designed so that the position of the fully mechanically actuated locking mechanism of the function of the electromagnetic trip unit is functionally superior. A triggered by the fully mechanized actuated locking mechanism locking the high-security lock accordingly ensures the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position, regardless of the positioning or activation / deactivation of the electromagnetic trip unit.

The object is also achieved by a high security lock comprising a holding device, which is functionally independent of the spring action to maintain the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position. According to the invention a holding device is thus provided, which ensures a determination of the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position even if the spring loading the locking element by spring break or the like can no longer hold the Verriegeglungselement in the "locked" position. The holding device is thus to ensure the positioning of the locking element redundant to spring loading of the locking element. This is particularly advantageous in the high-security sector, where the guarantee of the closure state of a high-security lock is of particular importance.

It has been found that a holding device according to the invention with a magnet and in particular with a permanent magnet, which holds the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element is in the "locked" position, is particularly safe. The use of a permanent magnet has the advantage that it allows a reversible detection of the locking mechanism regardless of a power supply or spring loading. The locking element is thus simultaneously kept independent of the spring action in the "locked" position and can also, after overcoming the caused by the magnet holding force, are moved to the "unlocked" position. Especially the use of a permanent magnet is advantageous in this context, since the space requirements of a permanent magnet are comparatively low, so that the holding device according to the invention can be relatively easily integrated into the confined spatial conditions of a high-security lock.

According to the invention, the holding device comprises a locking catch which is designed to block the locking element in the "locked" position, wherein the permanent magnet is arranged on the locking catch. The locking latch is part of the locking mechanism and can be moved at least between a position blocking the locking element in the "locked" position and a position releasing the locking element in the "locked" position. If the locking catch locks the locking element in the "locked" position, then the locking element can not be moved to the "unlocked" position. By an arrangement of the permanent magnet on the locking latch advantageously no additional component is required, which carries the permanent magnet. In order for the permanent magnet to be able to retain the blocking trap in the position blocking the locking element in the "locked" position, according to the invention there is also a magnetic material which can interact with the permanent magnet. The magnetic material is arranged so that the arranged on the locking latch permanent magnet in the position in which it locks the latch in the "locked" position, can interact with the magnetic material. An interaction between the permanent magnet and the magnetic material can be achieved for example by a direct abutment of the permanent magnet to the magnetic material. Alternatively, however, the two components can also be so far apart from each other for the interaction that, although there is no longer direct contact, the permanent magnet can still interact with the magnetic material. Accordingly, for example, non-magnetic spacers or even air or an air gap between the two components may be provided in the interactive state.

To provide the magnetic material according to the invention a lock housing comprising the magnetic material is provided for holding the locking mechanism in the position in the locking element is in the "locked" position is formed by an interaction with the permanent magnet. The magnetic material is preferably a metal having magnetic properties, which is arranged, for example, on the lock housing or is formed by the lock housing itself. The latter embodiment has the advantage that no additional component for the provision of the magnetic material must be present. The magnetic material is further preferably arranged in the lock housing interior, so that the holding device is completely surrounded by the lock housing and thus is particularly well protected against external influences.

In the embodiment according to the invention, the holding device and in particular the locking latch comprises a two-armed pivoting lever, one arm of which is a locking lever operatively connected to the locking element in such a way that the locking element can be locked by the locking lever in the "locked" position, and the other arm of which is a holding lever formed to maintain the positioning of the locking member in the "locked" position regardless of the spring loading.

The above embodiment is also suitable according to the invention for combination with a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is for this purpose connected to the retaining lever of the locking latch, which abuts in the "locked" position of the locking element against a housing-side stop area with the magnetic material in such a way that the permanent magnet interacts with the magnetic material. A defect of the spring action thus does not lead to an unwanted unlocking of the high security lock. In addition, in the locking member locking position, the pivot lever is additionally held in the locking member locking position by the permanent magnet interacting with the magnetic material. This embodiment is thus particularly safe in terms of maintaining the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position.

The two-armed pivoting lever is preferably formed so that the locking lever and the retaining lever are arranged substantially orthogonal to each other and the retaining lever in the position in which it holds the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element is in the "locked" position, runs parallel to a security lock outwardly bounding and an exit recess for the locking element opposite rear wall. With this embodiment, several advantages can be combined at once. On the one hand, the housing rear wall can be used as a flat stop area for the retaining lever, so that no additional components for forming the stop area are necessary. On the other hand, the mutually perpendicular arrangement of the holding lever and the locking lever requires a particularly favorable power dissipation of forwarded to the locking element and the locking mechanism forces. Even with the application of drastic manipulation attempts, the functional integrity of the high-security lock is ensured particularly reliably in this embodiment.

In particular, in long-term applications, it has been found that the use of a permanent magnet may lead to remanence, i. a persistent magnetization of the magnetic material caused by the permanent magnet. This applies in particular to the use of ferromagnetic bodies as magnetic material. According to the invention it is therefore advantageous that a non-magnetic material and in particular an air gap between the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet interacting material for holding the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element is in the "locked" position, is arranged. By varying the distance of the permanent magnet to the magnetic material, it is also possible to vary the magnetic holding force and thus to meet individual requirements particularly well or to compensate for temporal variations of the magnetic holding force by adjusting the spacing of the permanent magnet and magnetic material.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a holding device and in particular an electromagnetically controlled holding device, which is designed in such a way that it can be switched into a "lock" position in which it determines the position of the Locking mechanism locked. The cross-redundancy idea of the invention relates in this aspect of the invention, the discharge of the locking mechanism. This usually has an electromagnetic trip unit comprising, for example, a coil and a movable in relation to the coil lifting magnet. The electromagnetically controlled holding device relieves the locking mechanism and in particular the electromagnetic trip unit while maintaining the positioning of the locking element. On the one hand, it is possible in this way that the locking mechanism in the "locked" position or the "unlocked" position is locked even with a defective locking mechanism and in particular a defective electromagnetic trip unit. On the other hand, in particular in conjunction with an electromagnetic trip unit, it is possible to design this unit smaller than high-security locks known from the prior art. The associated with the operation of the electromagnetic trip unit heat generation can thus be effectively reduced, so that in particular the use of wooden doors can be effectively prevented from reaching inflammation critical temperatures. The electromagnetically controlled holding device can be designed so that it acts directly on the locking element. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide an indirect effect, in particular via the locking mechanism on the locking element.

A holding device according to the invention comprising preferably an electromagnetically controllable locking armature, which is switchable between the "lock" position and a "release" position in which the locking mechanism is released, has proven to be particularly advantageous. The Sperranker may for example be a lever which locks the locking mechanism in the "lock" position and thereby locks the locking element in a predetermined position.

To lock the locking mechanism also has the use of an electromagnetic trip unit with a coil and a solenoid on which a locking means is arranged, which is formed in such a way that the locking armature is to lock the locking mechanism with the locking means in engagement, as particularly favorable proved. The holding device thus acts directly on the part of the locking mechanism, via which a remote-controlled release of the high-security lock is possible. For this purpose, a latching means is provided, which may be according to the invention, for example, latching lugs, projections, etc., act whose common feature is the possibility to allow engagement of the locking armature to lock the locking mechanism. The latching means is for this purpose at least in such a way that it can block a movement of the locking mechanism at least from one position to the other position, that is, for example, from the "locked" position to the "unlocked" position.

Preferably, a control unit is provided which is designed to control the holding device and in particular the locking armature in dependence on the operating state of the trip unit. The control unit thus enables activation of the holding device to be used only when the locking mechanism has been moved by the release unit into the position to be blocked by the holding device. This embodiment combines several advantages. On the one hand, it is ensured that the holding device is triggered exclusively to block the locking mechanism. In this way, the heat development caused by the electromagnetic holding device can be further reduced. On the other hand, it is also ensured that the functional sequence of the triggering device or the locking mechanism is synchronized with the operating state of the holding device. Under synchronization in this context, such a control of the high-security lock is to be understood that the holding device is activated only if a blocking by the holding device is possible or desired, so for example after the locking element by the electromagnetic trip unit from the "locked" position in the "unlocked" position or vice versa.

In a preferred embodiment, the high-security lock is designed in the closed-circuit principle, wherein the holding device is designed in such a way that it locks in its "locked" position the bolt in the "locked" position. This blocking can be achieved by a direct action of the holding device on the locking element or by acting on the holding device on the locking mechanism. The execution of the high security lock in the quiescent current principle requires that for locking the high security lock and to maintain the locked state, a permanent energization of the high security lock is required. The redundancy concept according to the invention for relieving the electromagnetic trip unit is particularly impressive here. Thus, the locking state is ensured in this embodiment not only via the electromagnetic trip unit, but additionally by the holding device. Accordingly, it is possible to make the electromagnetic trip unit smaller than known in the art, so that the heat generation caused by the energization of the electromagnetic trip unit is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the high security lock is designed in the working flow principle, wherein the holding device in the "locked" position locks the bolt in the "locked" position. A permanent energization of the high security lock is necessary in this embodiment for unlocking and maintaining the unlocked operating state of the high security lock. The holding device located in the "locked" position makes it possible to locate the bolt in the "unlocked" position, so that here too the triggering unit of the high-security lock is relieved during the Bestromungsintervalls of the holding device according to the invention.

It has proved to be particularly favorable, the above-mentioned holding device, which is functionally independent of the spring loading to maintain the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position, with an above-described electromagnetically controlled holding device according to the invention, which is formed in such a way that it is switchable into a "lock" position, in which it locks the position of the locking mechanism to combine. In this way, it is possible to relieve the electromagnetic trip unit in parallel and at the same time to ensure that the spring element is not functionally independent so that the locking element is held in the "locked" position.

An additional development of the invention for the realization of the redundancy idea is achieved by a lock-up mechanism, which is designed for fully mechanical and independent of the electromagnetic trip unit movement of the locking element from the "unlocked" position in the "locked" position. The lock-up mechanism is thus designed in such a way that it allows locking of the high-security lock independently of the functional integrity or the activation of the electromagnetic trip unit. It is thus provided that the bridging mechanism is functionally superior, at least in terms of the locking operation of the electromagnetic trip unit. That is, the lock member is movable from the lockup mechanism to the lock position even when the electromagnetic trip unit is in a position unlocking the lock member. Conversely, the lock-up mechanism is further designed so that a caused by the lock-up mechanism locking the high-security lock can not be canceled only by the electromagnetic trip unit. For this purpose, rather, a previous provision of the lock-up mechanism is necessary in the position in which the locking element is in the "unlocked" position. This embodiment is advantageous in that, for example, in a power failure in which the electromagnetic trip unit is no longer operable, the high-security lock can be locked or securely locked the high security lock by the lock-up mechanism regardless of the trip unit and regardless of an intact power supply of high security lock can be. For this purpose, the bridging mechanism in a particularly preferred embodiment in any form manually, for example via a slider or a pawl operable. With the lock-up mechanism, an emergency lock of the high-security lock can thus be provided particularly well, which ensures a secure locking in emergency situations, such as a power failure.

Preferably, the lock-up mechanism on a coupling which is designed for coupling the lock-up mechanism in the locking mechanism. In normal operation, the position of the locking element is thus controlled solely by the locking mechanism and the trip unit in this embodiment. However, if fully mechanical locking of the high security lock is desired, the lockup mechanism engages the lockout mechanism or, depending on the embodiment, the trip unit and ultimately effects movement of the lockout mechanism to the position where the lockout member is in the "locked" position. The advantage of this embodiment lies in the fact that a functional integration of the lock-up mechanism in the high-security lock particularly well, since the existing locking mechanism can be used to move the locking element.

For this purpose, the coupling preferably comprises a push element that engages by a displacement in the locking mechanism. Push elements are mechanically relatively easy to implement and particularly robust in their operation. This embodiment is thus particularly reliable, so that the functional integrity of the high-security lock, which is vital, for example, during a power failure, is particularly well ensured.

In a further preferred embodiment, the high security lock comprises an electromagnetic trip unit having a coil and one between a first position where the locking element is in the "unlocked" position and a second position where the locking element is in the "locked" position is movable lifting magnet, wherein the lock-up mechanism is formed for mechanical movement of the lifting magnet from the first position to the second position. The lock-up mechanism thus couples in this embodiment directly in terms of function in the electromagnetic trip unit or acts directly on the solenoid. This embodiment is preferred in that the lock-up mechanism can be made comparatively small, since the locking mechanism which is usually functionally located between the electromagnetic release unit and the locking element can therefore also be actuated by the lock-up mechanism. This succeeds in this embodiment, since the bridging mechanism in the event that the electromagnetic trip unit is no longer actuated, for example, due to a power failure, triggers a corresponding displacement of the solenoid, which would otherwise have occurred in an operation by the electromagnetic trip unit.

The coupling is preferably formed in the above embodiment for direct coupling to the lifting magnet. In this way are usually mechanically complex and error-prone elements that cause a transmission of the coupling movement on the lifting magnet, dispensable.

In a preferred embodiment, the bridging mechanism is designed for the key-controlled actuation of the locking mechanism. For actuation of the lock-up mechanism, a correspondingly formed and manually operable key is thus necessary, so that no arbitrary actuation of the lock-up mechanism is possible. This high-security lock is therefore particularly safe.

According to the invention it is further preferred, a high-security lock with a bridging mechanism described above in addition to a holding device according to the invention above, which is functionally independent of the spring action to maintain the positioning of the locking element in the "locked" position is formed and / or with a holding device according to the invention described above and in particular electromagnetically controlled holding device, which is designed in such a way that it can be switched in a "lock" position, in which it locks the position of the locking mechanism to combine. This also applies to the described holding devices.

Figur 1a

eine perspektivische Seitendraufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform eines Hochsicherheitsschlosses;

Figur 1b

eine Explosionsdarstellung des in Figur 1 a gezeigten Hochsicherheitsschlosses;

Figur 2a

eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung der Verriegelungsmechanik aus Figur 1a in der "Verriegelt"-Position;

Figur 2b

eine perspektivische Seitenansicht der Ausschnittsansicht aus Figur 2a;

Figur 3a

eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung der Verriegelungsmechanik des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 1 a in der "Entriegelt"-Position;

Figur 3b

eine perspektivische Seitenansicht der Ausschnittsansicht aus Figur 3a;

Figur 4a

eine Seitenansicht des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 1a in der "Verriegelt"-Position;

Figur 4b

eine Seitenansicht des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 1a a in der "Entriegelt"-Position;

Figur 4c

eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung der elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 1 a in der "Freigabe"-Stellung;

Figur 4d

eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung der elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 1a a in der "Sperr"-Stellung;

Figur 4e

eine perspektivische Seitenansicht der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Figur 4c;

Figur 4f

eine perspektivische Seitenansicht der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Figur 4d;

Figur 5a

Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochsicherheitsschlosses in der "Verriegelt"-Position;

Figur 5b

Seitenansicht auf das Hochsicherheitsschloss gemäß Figur 5a in der "Entriegelt"-Position;

Figur 5c

Ausschnittsvergrößerung der elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung in "Sperr"-Stellung des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 5a;

Figur 5d

Ausschnittsvergrößerung der elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 5a in der "Freigabe"-Stellung;

Figur 5e

perspektivische Seitenansicht der elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung gemäß Figur 5c;

Figur 5f

perspektivische Seitenansicht der elektromagnetischen Haltevorrichtung gemäß Figur 5d;

Figur 6a

Ausschnittsvergrößerung einer Seitenansicht auf die Überbrückungsmechanik des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 1 a in der "Entkuppelt"-Stellung; und

Figur 6b

Seitenansicht einer Ausschnittsvergrößerung der eingekuppelten Überbrückungsmechanik des Hochsicherheitsschlosses gemäß Figur 1 a in der "Eingekuppelt"-Stellung.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures. The same components are identified by the same reference numerals. They show schematically:

FIG. 1a

a side elevational view in perspective of a first embodiment of a high security lock;

FIG. 1b

an exploded view of the in FIG. 1 a high security lock shown;

FIG. 2a

an enlarged detail of the locking mechanism from FIG. 1a in the "locked"position;

FIG. 2b

a side perspective view of the detail view FIG. 2a ;

FIG. 3a

an enlarged detail of the locking mechanism of the high security lock according to FIG. 1 a in the "unlocked"position;

FIG. 3b

a side perspective view of the detail view FIG. 3a ;

FIG. 4a

a side view of the high security lock according to FIG. 1a in the "locked"position;

FIG. 4b

a side view of the high security lock according to FIG. 1a a in the "unlocked"position;

Figure 4c

an enlarged detail of the electromagnetic holding device of the high-security lock according to FIG. 1 a in the "release"position;

FIG. 4d

an enlarged detail of the electromagnetic holding device of the high-security lock according to FIG. 1a a in the "lock"position;

Figure 4e

a perspective side view of the holding device according to Figure 4c ;

FIG. 4f

a perspective side view of the holding device according to FIG. 4d ;

FIG. 5a

Side view of a second embodiment of a high-security lock according to the invention in the "locked"position;

FIG. 5b

Side view of the high security lock according to FIG. 5a in the "unlocked"position;

FIG. 5c

Section enlargement of the electromagnetic holding device in the "lock" position of the high-security lock according to FIG. 5a ;

FIG. 5d

Section enlargement of the electromagnetic holding device of the high-security lock according to FIG. 5a in the "release"position;

FIG. 5e

perspective side view of the electromagnetic holding device according to FIG. 5c ;

FIG. 5f

perspective side view of the electromagnetic holding device according to FIG. 5d ;

FIG. 6a

Sectional enlargement of a side view of the lock-up mechanism of the high security lock according to FIG. 1 a in the "uncoupled"position; and

FIG. 6b

Side view of an enlarged detail of the engaged bridging mechanism of the high security lock according to FIG. 1 a in the "Engaged" position.

The in the Fig. 1 a to 6b illustrated two embodiments 1 and 1 'of a high-security lock according to the invention are usually in a door leaf (not shown) embedded and close to the door leaf side with the forend 20 from. The door leaf is pivotally mounted in a door frame (not shown), in the door frame has a strike plate 21 with a recess for receiving the pivoted bolt. If the latch 2, which is the locking element in both embodiments, protrudes into the striking plate recess and possibly into a latch receiving space provided behind the high security lock 1 or 1 'behind the strike plate recess, the door is locked.

The high security locks 1 and 1 'are each surrounded by a multi-part housing (individual housing parts are denoted by 7), and can be closed with a housing cover (not shown).

In a first embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 a to 4f . 6a and 6b is the high-security lock 1 executed in the working flow principle and has a locking element 2, which is designed as a pivot bolt. The positioning of the locking element 2 (hereinafter referred to as latch 2) is essentially caused by two spring elements 3 a and 3 b as well as by a locking mechanism which is in functional connection with the latch 2. The locking mechanism comprises a locking latch 6, which is designed as a two-armed pivot lever with a locking lever 8 and a retaining lever 9. The locking lever 8 is directly connected to the Latch 2 in functional engagement and the retaining lever 9 is connected via a connecting lever 22 with an electromagnetic trip unit 12. The electromagnetic trip unit 12 has, in addition to a coil to a solenoid 16 which is linearly movable in relation to the coil. The spring loading of the latch 2 comprises a latch spring 3a, which acts directly on the latch 2 in such a way that the latch is pivoted in a "locked" position. Further, the locking mechanism has a locking latch spring 3b arranged in such a manner that the locking latch 6 is pressed into a position in which the latch 2 is in its "locked" position.

The high security lock 1 further comprises a permanent magnet 4, which is arranged on the locking latch 6 in the region of the holding lever 9. The locking lever 8 and the retaining lever 9 of the locking latch 6 are arranged substantially orthogonal to each other, the locking lever 8 in the locked state of the in a door leaf (not shown) high security lock 1 substantially horizontally and the retaining lever 9 is substantially perpendicular. The holding lever 9 is further formed on its surface opposite the inner surface of the rear wall of the lock housing 7 substantially flat and strikes in the locked state of the high security lock with this surface area against the rear wall of the lock housing 7. The rear wall of the lock housing 7 further has, in the wall region opposite the permanent magnet 4 of the locking latch 6, a housing-side stop region 10, which at least partially comprises a magnetic material 5.

The magnetic material 5 on the lock housing 7 and the permanent magnet 4 on the locking latch 6 are arranged in such a way that the permanent magnet 4 can interact with the magnetic material 5 as soon as the locking mechanism is in the "locked" position. In order to counteract a magnetization of the magnetic material 5 by the disk-shaped permanent magnet 4, an air gap 11 formed by a recess is further provided according to FIG FIG. 2a between the permanent magnet 4 and the magnetic material 5 is provided. For this purpose, the permanent magnet 4 is embedded in the retaining lever 9 in such a manner that the surface of the permanent magnet facing the rear wall of the housing is displaced away from the rear wall for abutting the rear wall of the lock housing outer surface of the retaining lever 9. The permanent magnet 4 is thus in abutment of the holding lever 9 against the housing-side stop portion 10 is not in direct contact with the magnetic material 5. In this state, rather, as it for example particularly Fig. 2a shows, a cavity (air gap 11) between the permanent magnet 4 and the magnetic material 5 is present.

In addition to the electromagnetic trip unit 12, the high-security lock 1 further comprises an electromagnetically controlled holding device 13, which comprises a locking arm 14 and a coil 15. The locking arm 14 is arranged by means of an axle pin 23 on the high-security lock and mounted pivotably about the axis of the axle pin 23. The electromagnetically controlled holding device 13 is for locking the locking mechanism in the "unlocked" position, in which the bolt 2 is pivoted into the high-security lock 1 is formed. For this purpose, a latching means 17 on the solenoid 16 in the form of a protrusion is present, wherein the locking arm 14 is attracted to an activation of the electromagnetically controlled holding device 13 to this and engages in the latching means 17.

The high security lock 1 also has a coupling 18, which is designed for fully mechanical unlocking of the high-security lock. In the present embodiment, a cylinder lock 24 is provided over which the thrust element 18 of the clutch is displaceable. The thrust element 18 also has a coupling region, which is designed for direct action on the lifting magnet 16 of the electromagnetic trip unit 12. The thrust element 18 also has guide means which serve to guide the thrust element movement in relation to the lock housing 7.

In the FIGS. 2a to 4b For example, the operation of the retainer functionally independent of the spring loading to maintain the positioning of the bolt 2 in the "locked" position is further illustrated. The detail enlargements according to FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate the position and mode of action of the individual elements of the holding device in the state in which the latch is in the "locked" position. The detail enlargements 3a and 3b, however, illustrate the position of the essential components of the holding device in the state in which the latch 2 is in the "unlocked" position and thus in the pivoted into the lock housing 7 position. The FIGS. 4a (Latch 2 in "locked" position) and 4b (Latch 2 in "unlocked" position) enter the into the Figures 2a to 3b displayed positions in a full page view of the high security lock 1 again. In the following, the mode of action and the sequence of movements within the holding device will be explained in more detail.

The arrows A, B, C and D indicate the directions of movement of the elements of the locking mechanism for unlocking the high security lock 1 and the arrows A ', B', C 'and D' indicate the directions of movement of the elements of the locking mechanism for locking the high security lock 1. The arrows A and A 'represent the linear displacement of the lifting magnet 16, which is triggered by an activation or deactivation of the electromagnetic trip unit 12 becomes. In the present embodiment of the high-security lock 1, activation or energization of the electromagnetic trip unit 12 causes the solenoid 16 to be displaced downwardly or linearly away from the locking mechanism. The connecting lever 22, which is connected to the lifting magnet 16, is pivotably mounted on the inside of the rear wall of the lock housing 7 opposite the face plate 20 in the direction of the arrows B and B '. A linear displacement of the lifting magnet in the direction of arrow A thus triggers a pivoting movement of the connecting lever 22 in the direction of arrow B. The connecting lever 22 is also operatively connected to the retaining lever 9 of the locking latch 6. In the area in which the locking lever 8 and the retaining lever 9 meet, the blocking catch 6 is likewise arranged pivotably on the inner side of the rear wall of the lock housing 7 opposite the forend 20. The locking latch is in the direction of arrow C or C 'pivotable, wherein the pivotal movement of the locking latch 6 for pivotal movement of the connecting lever 22 is in opposite directions.

The locking lever 8 of the locking latch 6 finally is in functional connection with the bolt 2 which is arranged in the direction of arrow D or D 'pivotable on the high-security lock 1. To unlock the high-security lock 1, as it is for example of the Fig. 4a to Fig. 4b is the case, thus the electromagnetic trip unit 12 is energized, whereby the solenoid 16 is moved in the direction of arrow A, which has a pivoting of the connecting lever 22 in the direction of arrow B result. Characterized the locking latch 6 is pivoted in the direction of arrow C, which ultimately the latch 2 is pivoted in the direction of arrow D for unlocking the high-security lock 1 in the lock housing 7. If the energization and thus the activation of the electromagnetic trip unit 12 is stopped, the bolt again pivots out of the lock housing 7 in the direction of arrow D 'and locks a door equipped with a high-security lock 1.

An idea essential to the invention is particularly evident at this point. Due to the design of the locking mechanism pivoting of the bolt 2 in the direction of arrow D 'is only possible if the other components of the locking mechanism, so in detail the locking latch 6 in the direction of arrow C', the connecting lever 22 in the direction of arrow B 'and the solenoid 16 in Arrow direction A 'can be moved. In contrast to the previously known in the prior art dependence of this pivotal movement of a latch spring element 3a, the pivoting of the locking mechanism in the "locked" position of the bolt 2 is supplemented by the center of gravity of the locking latch 6 and even taken over in the event of a spring break. The locking latch 6 is correspondingly arranged on the high-security lock 1 in such a way that it pivots into the position in which the bolt 2 is in the "locked" position, ie the locking latch 6 tends to pivot in the direction of the arrow C '.

In addition, the permanent magnet 4 ultimately stabilizes the latch 2 in its "locked" position. This is especially true in the FIGS. 2a and 2b clear. The locking latch 6 moves to lock the high security lock 1 in the direction of arrow C 'and strikes the flat and the inner surface of the fortress 20 opposite rear wall of the lock housing 7. The permanent magnet 4 is designed to interact with the magnetic material 5, so that the locking latch 6 is pulled toward the rear wall of the lock housing 7 or in the direction of the arrow C '. If the locking latch 6 abuts on the housing-side stop region 10, the permanent magnet 4 and the magnetic material 5 are still spaced apart from one another by the air gap 11. Thus, the latch 2 of its "locked" position, according to, for example, the FIGS. 2a, 2b and 4a , in the lock housing for releasing a locked by the high-security lock 1 door can be swung, it is necessary to overcome the force exerted by the permanent magnet 5 attraction. The locking catch 6 is thus held in the "locked" position of the bolt 2 by the interaction between the permanent magnet 4 and the magnetic material 5.

The mode of action of the electromagnetically controlled holding device 13, which is designed for locking the locking mechanism in the position in which the bolt 2 in the "unlocked" position according to, for example FIG. 4b is in the FIGS. 4c to 4f further clarified. The Figures 4c and 4d are a top 20 coming from the top view of the essential components of the electromagnetically controlled holding device 13, as shown in the FIGS. 4a and 4b for further clarification of the viewing conditions is indicated. The FIGS. 4e and 4f are perspective oblique views, wherein the Figure 4e the locked state according to the FIGS. 4c and 4a and FIG. 4f the unlocked state according to the Figures 4d and 4b of the high-security lock 1. From the Figures 4c and 4d goes through the electromagnetically controlled holding device 13 triggered pivotal movement of the locking armature 14 in the direction of arrow E forth. The electromagnetically controlled holding device 13 has for this purpose two coil 15 and 15 ', which are part of two electromagnets, so that by energizing the coil 15 and 15' of the barrier arm 14 is pulled in the direction of arrow E.

To lock the locking mechanism, the locking means 17, which is arranged on the lifting magnet 16, present, which forms a projection into which the locking means can engage with a stop area. By pivoting the locking arm 14 in the direction of arrow E of the locking arm pivots to this locking means 17 and engages behind the locking means (the rear engagement is with the dashed circle in Fig. 4f highlighted), so that the solenoid 16 is no longer in the direction of arrow A 'according to FIG. 4b can be moved. The barrier arm 14 is then in his "lock" position. The solenoid 16 of the electromagnetic trip unit 17 is thus mechanically blocked by the locking arm 14. A permanent maintenance of the positioning of the lifting magnet 16 by a continuous current of the electromagnetic trip unit 12 is thus no longer necessary to maintain the unlocked state of the locking mechanism. As a result, the electromagnetically controlled holding device 13 thus relieves the electromagnetic trip unit 12. To release the solenoid 16 pivots the locking arm 14 back to its "release" position in which it releases the solenoid

The FIGS. 5a to 5f relate to a high-security lock 1 'in a closed-circuit design, so that energization of the electromagnetic trip unit 12' leads to a positioning of the locking mechanism in a position in which the bolt 2 is in the "locked" position. The movements of the locking mechanism are essentially comparable to the high security lock 1 and are in the FIGS. 5a and 5b illustrated in more detail. The essential difference of the high-security lock 1 'to the high-security lock 1 is that the solenoid 16' spring-loaded (spring 25) and energization of the electromagnetic trip unit 12 'in the direction of arrow A' linear displacement of the solenoid, so the locking mechanism out triggers. According to FIG. 5a is the trip unit 12 'thus activated or energized and according to FIG. 5b deactivated or de-energized. According to the FIGS. 5c to 5f is the locking means 17 thus also for locking the locking mechanism in the locked state of the high security lock 1 'formed. In contrast to the high-security lock 1, the holding device 15 engages to lock the lifting magnet 16 'below the locking means 17, as indicated by the dashed circle in Fig. 5e is highlighted.

In the FIGS. 6a and 6b the operation of the coupling with the pusher 18 is illustrated in more detail. The FIGS. 6a and 6b relate to the high-security lock 1, which is executed in the working current principle. The thrust element 18 is designed for linear guidance along the forepan 20 opposite rear wall of the lock housing 7. The thrust element 18 has two opposite legs 27 and 28, which are connected via a connecting element, which runs essentially parallel to the rear wall of the lock housing 7. The first leg 27 of the thrust element 18 has a contact region against which an actuatable by the cylinder lock 24 Verschubmittel 26 can strike. The Verschubmittel 26 is pivotable in the direction of arrow F against the first leg 27, wherein a pivoting of the pushing means 26 causes a linear movement in the direction of arrow G of the thrust element 18. The second leg 28 of the thrust element 18 limits on the one hand the extent of movement of the lifting magnet 16 of the trip unit 12 in the direction of arrow A. On the other hand, the second leg 28 in the manner designed such that a shift in the direction of arrow G of the thrust element 18, the lifting magnet 16 regardless of energization or Nichtbestromung the electromagnetic trip unit 12 causes in the direction of arrow A '. A locking of the high security lock 1 is thus independent of the functional integrity of the electromagnetic trip unit 12 and the spring elements 3a and 3b and can be triggered fully mechanically. If the high-security lock is fully mechanically locked via the coupling 18, it is not possible to release it via the release unit 12. In this way, therefore, a lock of the high-security lock 1 in emergency situations in which, for example, a power failure occurs, possible.

Claims (3)

1. A high-security lock (1, 1'), comprising a locking mechanism having:

   - a locking element (2), wherein the locking element (2) is movable between a "locked" position and an "unlocked" position, and

   - a spring load (3a, 3b), wherein the spring load (3a, 3b) acts in the manner on the locking mechanism that the locking element (2) is moved from the "unlocked" position to the "locked" position, and

   - a holding apparatus, which is arranged for maintaining the positioning of the locking element (2) in the "locked" position in a functionally independent manner from the spring load (3a, 3b), wherein the holding apparatus comprises a permanent magnet (4) which holds the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element (2) is in the "locked" position, and wherein the holding apparatus comprises a closing latch bolt (6) which is arranged for locking the locking element (2) in the "locked" position, and wherein the permanent magnet (4) is arranged on the closing latch bolt (6),

   characterized in that

   - the closing latch bolt (6) comprises a two-arm pivoting lever, the one arm of which is a catch lever (8) which is functionally connected to the locking element (2) in the manner that the locking element (2) can be locked by the catch lever (8) in the "locked" position, and the other arm of which is a holding lever (9), and

   - a lock housing (7) comprising magnetic material (5) is present, which is arranged for holding the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element (2) is in the "locked" position by interaction with the permanent magnet (4), and

   - the permanent magnet (4) is connected to the holding lever. (9) of the closing latch bolt (6), which strikes in the "locked" position of the locking element (2) against a stop region (10) with the magnetic material (5) on the housing side in such a way that the permanent magnet (4) interacts with the magnetic material (5).
2. A high-security lock (1, 1') according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the catch lever (8) and the holding lever (9) are arranged substantially orthogonally with respect to each other and, in the position in which said holding lever holds the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element (2) is in the "locked" position, the holding lever (9) extends parallel to a rear wall which delimits the high-security lock (1, 1') to the outside and is opposite to an outlet recess for the locking element (2).
3. A high-security lock (1, 1') according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   a non-magnetic material, and an air gap (11) in particular, is arranged between the permanent magnet (4) and the material (5) interacting with the permanent magnet (4) for holding the locking mechanism in the position in which the locking element (2) is in the "locked" position.

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