EP1980331B1 - Method and device for coating body surfaces - Google Patents
Method and device for coating body surfaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1980331B1 EP1980331B1 EP08004688A EP08004688A EP1980331B1 EP 1980331 B1 EP1980331 B1 EP 1980331B1 EP 08004688 A EP08004688 A EP 08004688A EP 08004688 A EP08004688 A EP 08004688A EP 1980331 B1 EP1980331 B1 EP 1980331B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- coating material
- distributor
- wire
- wire segments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 91
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100390736 Danio rerio fign gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100390738 Mus musculus Fign gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005323 electroforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
- B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
- B05B7/224—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
- B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
- B05B13/0636—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies by means of rotatable spray heads or nozzles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for coating component surfaces.
- a material in a layer which amounts to only a few ⁇ m on a regular basis, is applied to a carrier component in order, for example, to increase the wear resistance or to impart certain properties (for example electrical conductivity) to the component surface.
- thermal coating methods in which the coating material is melted and then - regularly by means of a compressed air or other gas stream - atomized and transported to the surface to be coated, are used.
- thermal coating processes are plasma coating, high speed flame spraying and electroforming wire spraying.
- the disclosed therein arc spray unit has a rotatably driven burner shaft in the form of a hollow shaft, which is inserted into the cavity to be coated. At the lower end of the burner shaft, a radially directed nozzle is provided, through which the droplets of the molten coating material are discharged by means of compressed air, which is supplied through the hollow interior of the burner shaft.
- a replenishment device with two wire rollers is attached to this. Starting from the wire rollers, the two wires are led parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner shaft up to the top. There, an arc is generated between the two wire ends by means of an electrical high voltage, which melts the wire material. The drops of molten wire are then captured by the flow of compressed air and discharged through the nozzle.
- the replenishment device ensures a continuous supply of the burner with coating material.
- a disadvantage of the device DE 198 41 617 A1 is the fact that the supply device for a continuous replenishment of the wires must be firmly connected to the burner shaft, that must rotate with this. In addition, it is characterized by a complex structure.
- the US 6,168,090 shows a coating system with a splash guard and an automatic Dosierstabzu operation.
- a device for operating an arc discharge device with successively burning in operation rod electrodes is known in which a plasma torch is used to carry out the chemical reaction, wherein the rod electrodes are preferably carbon cathodes.
- an improved powder spray gun for atomizing molten metal or ceramic powder wherein a reservoir is carried by the housing.
- the DE 102 04 251 relates to a spray gun for thermal wire spraying, consisting of a device for melting at least one wire, wherein the wire feeding device is rotatably arranged together with a nozzle system.
- the invention has for its object to provide an improved device and an improved method for coating components, which reduces at least one known from the prior art disadvantage.
- a device is to be specified, which is characterized by a structurally simpler structure.
- the invention is based on the idea, in a device for coating components comprising a distributor device for applying the coating material, to supply the distributing device with a quantity of the coating material that is tailored to a specific coating process or to store it therein. This makes it possible, at least temporarily decouple the distributor of an optionally existing supply device in which larger amounts of the coating material are stored, and simpler, easier and / or cheaper to construct by reducing the rotating mass.
- the distributor is thus before the coating process, a required amount of coating material from one of the Distributor preferably fed separately formed supply device.
- “separate” means that the supply device allows charging of the distribution device, but that it can be decoupled at least temporarily from the distribution device, so that a possibly provided rotation and / or a linear process of the distribution device are not transferred to the supply device during the coating process must become.
- the inventive concept has a positive effect in particular in a device for internal coating, since this regularly has a rotating driven distribution device, in particular in the form of a coating lance with a regularly radially oriented nozzle arranged therein. Due to the - at least temporary - decoupling of the supply device (coating material replenishment) from the distributor (coating lance) it is not rotated during the coating process. This allows the entire coating device to obtain a structurally simpler structure; In particular, the rotary drive of the distributor can be made smaller, which has a positive influence on the manufacturing and operating costs.
- the invention is preferably used in a thermal coating device in which the coating material is fed in wire form.
- This makes it possible to supply the distribution device with the coating material in the form of wire segments tailored to the coating process.
- the tuning of the wire segments may include both a vote on the number of supplied wire segments as well as their mass and / or the materials, etc.
- wire segments of different lengths can be used for different coating projects.
- two wire segments of a certain length can be used, while in a subsequent process four wire segments of the same length and possibly made of a different material are required.
- the invention is not limited to the use of a wire-shaped coating material. Rather, any coating material can be used.
- any coating material can be used.
- the use of a powder coating material is known.
- the pulverulent coating material is supplied to the distribution device in the required amount before the coating process.
- the amount of the coating material supplied to the distributor device before the coating process is adjusted so that relatively exactly one or more complete coating processes are carried out.
- the distributor is again supplied coating material to complete the process.
- the invention is preferably used in a coating device in which the coating material is melted by means of a melting device and particularly preferably by means of an arc.
- arc wire spraying devices can be combined particularly advantageously with wire-shaped coating material, since it can be used at the same time for generating the arc, at least for an electrically conductive material.
- at least two wires of coating material can be guided within the distributor so that their ends are positioned at a defined distance from each other, so that the formation of an arc is made possible taking into account the applied voltage.
- the discharge of the coating material is preferably carried out by means of a (pressure) gas flow, with which the particles of the coating material, for example, the particles of a powdered coating material or the drops of a liquid or molten material, are sprayed onto the surface to be coated.
- a (pressure) gas flow with which the particles of the coating material, for example, the particles of a powdered coating material or the drops of a liquid or molten material, are sprayed onto the surface to be coated.
- the distribution device may have a nozzle, the design of which depends in particular on the type of coating material used.
- the type of (compressed) gas used is usually also process-dependent. Frequently, air or a protective gas is used.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a coating device according to the invention.
- the illustration is merely schematic, so that certain structural details and elements that may be necessary for a complete function of the device, however, do not contribute significantly to the explanation of the invention, are not shown for reasons of clarity.
- the illustrated coating device is designed as an arc wire spraying device and has a distributor device in the form of a spray lance 2.
- the spray lance 2 consists essentially of a base body 3, in which two wire segments 4, which consist of a coating material and have a defined, tuned to the coating process length, are guided within guides 1.
- the two wire segments 4 are arranged within the base body 3 such that their two ends facing the front end of the base body 3 are positioned at a small distance from each other.
- an electrical high voltage is generated between the two wire segments 4, which serves to form an arc between the two, the front end of the base body 3 facing ends of the wire segments 4.
- the generated arc causes the wire segment material to melt.
- the molten wire material is detected by a compressed air flow which is supplied to the spray lance 2 via a compressed air supply 5.
- the compressed air flow is not shown channels to the arc where it detects the molten coating material and this discharged via a radially oriented and arranged at the front end of the spray lance nozzle 6, whereby a nozzle 6 opposite portion of the inner wall of a (not shown) hollow body is coated.
- the wire segments 4 shorten continuously during the coating process.
- a tracking device (not shown) may be provided which moves the wire segments 4 within the spray lance 2, i. traced at the same speed, so that the important for the formation of an arc distance between the ends of the wire segments 4 is maintained.
- rollers may be provided which guide the wire segments within the spray lance and frictionally drive them at the required speed to ensure a continuous supply of coating material and possibly eject unused wire segment residues after the coating process.
- the spray lance 2 is driven in rotation by means of a rotary drive, not shown, and moved along a hollow body to be coated, for example along the longitudinal axis of a hollow cylinder or the spray lance 2 by means of a linear drive, also not shown.
- a rotary drive not shown
- the superposition of the two movements results in a spiral coating course.
- the remnants of the wire segments 4 which may remain in the lance are ejected.
- a supply device is provided which automatically supplies the distribution device with the required wire segments.
- a supply device is preferably formed separately from the distribution device, such that it can indeed feed the distribution device, but does not have to co-rotate with it during the coating process.
- the rotating mass of the entire device can be kept low, which saves energy costs on the one hand and on the other hand makes it possible to dimension the rotary drive and optionally also the linear drive smaller, which reduces the manufacturing costs.
- Such a feeding device may in particular comprise a wire segment turret magazine 7, as shown in the FIGS. 2 and 3 is shown.
- a wire segment turret magazine 7 This includes a plurality of wire segments 4, optionally sorted by various lengths, materials, etc., and from which the feeder selects the appropriate wire segments needed for the subsequent coating process to supply to the distributor.
- the revolver magazine may comprise a helical guide by means of which the wire segments 4 are sorted so that they can be accurately positioned in the corresponding seats in the coating apparatus, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 4a - d is shown.
- FIGS. 4a - d show in a schematic representation the automated loading of a coating device according to the invention with two wire segments 4 required for a coating process.
- Fig. 4a shows a coating device according to the invention in the form of a spray lance 2, as already described with reference to the Fig. 1 has been described before the coating process and without wire segments 4 of coating material.
- the spray lance 2 is a wire segment turret magazine, as it already based on the FIGS. 2 and 3 has been described, pivoted by means of a pivoting device, not shown on the spray lance ( Fig. 4a ) and two wire segments in the designated guides 1 introduced ( Fig. 4b ).
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Bauteiloberflächen.The invention relates to a method and a device for coating component surfaces.
Zur Erzeugung von Oberflächen hoher Güte an Bauteilen werden diese vielfach beschichtet. Hierbei wird ein Werkstoff in einer regelmäßig nur wenige µm betragenden Schicht auf ein Trägerbauteil aufgetragen, um beispielsweise die Verschleißfestigkeit zu erhöhen oder der Bauteiloberfläche bestimmte Eigenschaften (z.B. elektrische Leitfähigkeit) zu verleihen.To produce surfaces of high quality on components, these are coated many times. In this case, a material in a layer, which amounts to only a few μm on a regular basis, is applied to a carrier component in order, for example, to increase the wear resistance or to impart certain properties (for example electrical conductivity) to the component surface.
Verschiedene Beschichtungsverfahren sind bekannt, wobei insbesondere thermische Beschichtungsverfahren, bei denen der Beschichtungswerkstoff aufgeschmolzen und anschließend - regelmäßig mittels eines Druckluft- oder sonstigen Gasstroms - zerstäubt und auf die zu beschichtende Oberfläche transportiert wird, zum Einsatz kommen. Bekannte thermische Beschichtungsverfahren sind das Plasmabeschichten, das Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen und das Lichbogendrahtspritzen.Various coating methods are known, wherein in particular thermal coating methods in which the coating material is melted and then - regularly by means of a compressed air or other gas stream - atomized and transported to the surface to be coated, are used. Known thermal coating processes are plasma coating, high speed flame spraying and electroforming wire spraying.
Aus
Die darin offenbarte Lichtbogenspritzanlage weist einen rotierend angetriebenen Brennerschaft in Form einer Hohlwelle auf, die in den zu beschichtenden Hohlraum eingeführt wird. Am unteren Ende des Brennerschafts ist ein radial ausgerichtete Düse vorgesehen, durch die die Tropfen des aufgeschmolzenen Beschichtungswerkstoffs mittels Drucklufts, die durch das hohle Innere des Brennerschafts zugeführt wird, ausgetragen wird.The disclosed therein arc spray unit has a rotatably driven burner shaft in the form of a hollow shaft, which is inserted into the cavity to be coated. At the lower end of the burner shaft, a radially directed nozzle is provided, through which the droplets of the molten coating material are discharged by means of compressed air, which is supplied through the hollow interior of the burner shaft.
Oberhalb des Brennerschafts ist eine Nachschubeinrichtung mit zwei Drahtrollen an diesem befestigt. Ausgehend von den Drahtrollen werden die zwei Drähte parallel zur Längsachse des Brennerschafts bis zu dessen Spitze geführt. Dort wird mittels einer elektrischen Hochspannung ein Lichtbogen zwischen den zwei Drahtenden erzeugt, der das Drahtmaterial aufschmilzt. Die Tropfen des aufgeschmolzenen Drahts werden dann von der Druckluftströmung erfasst und durch die Düse ausgetragen. Die Nachschubeinrichtung sorgt für eine kontinuierliche Versorgung des Brenners mit Beschichtungsmaterial.Above the burner shaft, a replenishment device with two wire rollers is attached to this. Starting from the wire rollers, the two wires are led parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner shaft up to the top. There, an arc is generated between the two wire ends by means of an electrical high voltage, which melts the wire material. The drops of molten wire are then captured by the flow of compressed air and discharged through the nozzle. The replenishment device ensures a continuous supply of the burner with coating material.
Nachteilig an der Vorrichtung der
Die
Aus der
Aus der
Die
Sie offenbart ein galtungsgemäßes Verfahren, bzw. eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung.It discloses a method according to the prior art, or a generic device.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Vorrichtung und ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Beschichten von Bauteilen anzugeben, die zumindest einen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteil verringert. Insbesondere soll eine Vorrichtung angegeben werden, die sich durch einen konstruktiv einfacheren Aufbau auszeichnet.Based on this prior art, the invention has for its object to provide an improved device and an improved method for coating components, which reduces at least one known from the prior art disadvantage. In particular, a device is to be specified, which is characterized by a structurally simpler structure.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung gemäß den unabhängigen Patentansprüchen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der nebengeordneten Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a method and a device according to the independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the independent claims.
Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, bei einer Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Bauteilen, die eine Verteilvorrichtung zum Aufbringen des Beschichtungswerkstoffs umfasst, der Verteilvorrichtung eine auf einen konkreten Beschichtungsprozess abgestimmte Menge des Beschichtungswerkstoffs zuzuführen bzw. darin zu bevorraten. Dies ermöglicht, die Verteilvorrichtung von einer gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Zufuhrvorrichtung, in der größere Mengen des Beschichtungswerkstoffs gelagert sind, zumindest temporär abzukoppeln und durch die Reduzierung der rotierenden Masse einfacher, leichter und/oder günstiger zu konstruieren.The invention is based on the idea, in a device for coating components comprising a distributor device for applying the coating material, to supply the distributing device with a quantity of the coating material that is tailored to a specific coating process or to store it therein. This makes it possible, at least temporarily decouple the distributor of an optionally existing supply device in which larger amounts of the coating material are stored, and simpler, easier and / or cheaper to construct by reducing the rotating mass.
Vorzugsweise wird der Verteilvorrichtung somit vor dem Beschichtungsprozess eine erforderliche Menge an Beschichtungswerkstoff aus einer von der Verteilvorrichtung vorzugsweise getrennt ausgebildeten Zufuhrvorrichtung zugeführt. Erfindungsgemäß wird unter "getrennt" verstanden, dass die Zufuhrvorrichtung eine Beschickung der Verteilvorrichtung ermöglicht, diese jedoch zumindest temporär von der Verteilvorrichtung abgekoppelt werden kann, so dass eine ggf. vorgesehene Rotation und/oder ein linearesVerfahren der Verteilvorrichtung während des Beschichtungsprozesses nicht auf die Zufuhrvorrichtung übertragen werden muss.Preferably, the distributor is thus before the coating process, a required amount of coating material from one of the Distributor preferably fed separately formed supply device. According to the invention, "separate" means that the supply device allows charging of the distribution device, but that it can be decoupled at least temporarily from the distribution device, so that a possibly provided rotation and / or a linear process of the distribution device are not transferred to the supply device during the coating process must become.
Das erfindungsgemäße Konzept wirkt sich insbesondere bei einer Vorrichtung zum Innenbeschichten positiv aus, da diese regelmäßig eine rotierend angetriebene Verteilvorrichtung, insbesondere in Form einer Beschichtungslanze mit einer darin angeordneten, regelmäßig radial ausgerichteten Düse, aufweist. Durch die - zumindest temporäre - Abkopplung der Zufuhrvorrichtung (Beschichtungswerkstoffnachschub) von der Verteilvorrichtung (Beschichtungslanze) wird diese während des Beschichtungsprozesses nicht mitrotiert. Dadurch kann die gesamte Beschichtungsvorrichtung einen konstruktiv einfacheren Aufbau erhalten; insbesondere kann der Drehantrieb der Verteilvorrichtung geringer dimensioniert werden, was einen positiven Einfluss auf die Herstellungs- und Betriebskosten hat.The inventive concept has a positive effect in particular in a device for internal coating, since this regularly has a rotating driven distribution device, in particular in the form of a coating lance with a regularly radially oriented nozzle arranged therein. Due to the - at least temporary - decoupling of the supply device (coating material replenishment) from the distributor (coating lance) it is not rotated during the coating process. This allows the entire coating device to obtain a structurally simpler structure; In particular, the rotary drive of the distributor can be made smaller, which has a positive influence on the manufacturing and operating costs.
Die Erfindung kommt vorzugsweise bei einer thermischen Beschichtungsvorrichtung zum Einsatz, in der der Beschichtungswerkstoff drahtförmig zugeführt wird. Dies ermöglicht, der Verteilvorrichtung den Beschichtungswerkstoff in Form von auf den Beschichtungsprozess abgestimmten Drahtsegmenten zuzuführen. Die Abstimmung der Drahtsegmente kann sowohl eine Abstimmung auf die Anzahl der zugeführten Drahtsegmente als auch auf deren Masse und/oder die Werkstoffe, etc. umfassen. Beispielsweise können für verschiedene Beschichtungsvorhaben Drahtsegmente verschiedener Längen verwendet werden. Alternativ können bei einem Prozess nur zwei Drahtsegmente einer bestimmten Länge zum Einsatz kommen, während bei einem darauf folgenden Prozess vier Drahtsegmente derselben Länge und gegebenenfalls aus einem anderen Werkstoff erforderlich sind.The invention is preferably used in a thermal coating device in which the coating material is fed in wire form. This makes it possible to supply the distribution device with the coating material in the form of wire segments tailored to the coating process. The tuning of the wire segments may include both a vote on the number of supplied wire segments as well as their mass and / or the materials, etc. For example, wire segments of different lengths can be used for different coating projects. Alternatively, in a process only two wire segments of a certain length can be used, while in a subsequent process four wire segments of the same length and possibly made of a different material are required.
Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf den Einsatz eines drahtförmigen Beschichtungswerkstoffs beschränkt. Vielmehr kann ein beliebiger Beschichtungswerkstoff zum Einsatz kommen. Beispielsweise ist die Verwendung eines pulverförmigen Beschichtungswerkstoffs bekannt. Erfindungsgemäß kann der pulverförmige Beschichtungswerkstoff vor dem Beschichtungsprozess der Verteilvorrichtung in der erforderlichen Menge zugeführt werden.However, the invention is not limited to the use of a wire-shaped coating material. Rather, any coating material can be used. For example, the use of a powder coating material is known. According to the invention the pulverulent coating material is supplied to the distribution device in the required amount before the coating process.
Vorzugsweise ist die Menge des der Verteilvorrichtung vor dem Beschichtungsprozess zugeführten Beschichtungswerkstoffs so abgestimmt, dass damit relativ genau ein oder mehrere vollständige Beschichtungsprozesse durchgeführt werden. Erfindungsgemäß soll jedoch auch erfasst sein, dass - beispielsweise bei besonders großflächigen Beschichtungen - nur ein Teil, beispielsweise die Hälfte des Beschichtungsprozesses ausgeführt werden kann und der Verteilvorrichtung zur Vollendung des Prozesses erneut Beschichtungswerkstoff zugeführt wird.Preferably, the amount of the coating material supplied to the distributor device before the coating process is adjusted so that relatively exactly one or more complete coating processes are carried out. According to the invention, however, it should also be recognized that - for example, in the case of particularly large coatings - only a part, for example half of the coating process can be performed and the distributor is again supplied coating material to complete the process.
Die Erfindung kommt vorzugsweise bei einer Beschichtungsvorrichtung zum Einsatz, bei der der Beschichtungswerkstoff mittels einer Schmelzvorrichtung und besonders bevorzugt mittels eines Lichtbogens aufgeschmolzen wird. Derartige Lichtbogendrahtspritzvorrichtungen lassen sich besonders vorteilhaft mit drahtförmigem Beschichtungswerkstoff kombinieren, da dieser - zumindest bei einem elektrisch leitenden Werkstoff - gleichzeitig zur Erzeugung des Lichtbogens eingesetzt werden kann. Hierzu können mindestens zwei Drähte aus Beschichtungswerkstoff so innerhalb der Verteilvorrichtung geführt werden, dass ihre Enden in einem definierten Abstand zueinander positioniert sind, so dass die Bildung eines Lichtbogens unter Berücksichtigung der angelegten Spannung ermöglicht wird.The invention is preferably used in a coating device in which the coating material is melted by means of a melting device and particularly preferably by means of an arc. Such arc wire spraying devices can be combined particularly advantageously with wire-shaped coating material, since it can be used at the same time for generating the arc, at least for an electrically conductive material. For this purpose, at least two wires of coating material can be guided within the distributor so that their ends are positioned at a defined distance from each other, so that the formation of an arc is made possible taking into account the applied voltage.
Das Austragen des Beschichtungswerkstoffs erfolgt vorzugsweise mittels eines (Druck-)Gasstroms, mit dem die Partikel des Beschichtungswerkstoffs, beispielsweise die Partikel eines pulverförmigen Beschichtungswerkstoffs oder die Tropfen eines flüssigen oder aufgeschmolzenen Werkstoffs, auf die zu beschichtende Oberfläche aufgespritzt werden. Hierzu kann die Verteilvorrichtung eine Düse aufweisen, deren konstruktive Ausbildung insbesondere von der Art des verwendeten Beschichtungswerkstoffs abhängt. Die Art des verwendeten (Druck-)Gases ist in der Regel ebenfalls prozessabhängig. Häufig kommt Luft oder ein Schutzgas zum Einsatz.The discharge of the coating material is preferably carried out by means of a (pressure) gas flow, with which the particles of the coating material, for example, the particles of a powdered coating material or the drops of a liquid or molten material, are sprayed onto the surface to be coated. For this purpose, the distribution device may have a nozzle, the design of which depends in particular on the type of coating material used. The type of (compressed) gas used is usually also process-dependent. Frequently, air or a protective gas is used.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.
In den Zeichnungen zeigt
- Fig. 1:
- eine erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungsvorrichtung in einer schematischen Darstellung,
- Fig. 2:
- ein Drahtsegmentrevolvermagazin,
- Fig. 3:
- eine alternative Darstellung des Drahtsegmentrevolvermagazins der
Fig. 2 und die - Fign. 4a - d:
- .eine Darstellung eines in vier Prozessschritte unterteilten, erfindungsgemäßen Beschichtungsverfahrens.
- Fig. 1:
- a coating device according to the invention in a schematic representation,
- Fig. 2:
- a wire segment revolver magazine,
- 3:
- an alternative representation of the wire segment revolver magazine of
Fig. 2 and the - FIGS. 4a-d:
- .A representation of a subdivided in four process steps, coating method according to the invention.
Die dargestellte Beschichtungsvorrichtung ist als Lichtbogendrahtspritzvorrichtung ausgebildet und weist eine Verteilvorrichtung in Form einer Sprühlanze 2 auf.The illustrated coating device is designed as an arc wire spraying device and has a distributor device in the form of a
Die Sprühlanze 2 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Grundkörper 3, in welchem zwei Drahtsegmente 4, die aus einem Beschichtungswerkstoff bestehen und eine definierte, auf den Beschichtungsprozess abgestimmte Länge aufweisen, innerhalb von Führungen 1 geführt sind. Insbesondere sind die beiden Drahtsegmente 4 so innerhalb des Grundkörpers 3 angeordnet, dass deren zwei, dem vorderen Ende des Grundkörpers 3 zugewandten Enden, in einem geringen Abstand voneinander positioniert sind.The
Während des Beschichtungsprozesses wird zwischen den zwei Drahtsegmenten 4 eine elektrische Hochspannung erzeugt, die zur Bildung eines Lichtbogens zwischen den zwei, dem vorderen Ende des Grundkörpers 3 zugewandten Enden der Drahtsegmente 4, dient. Der erzeugte Lichtbogen sorgt für ein Aufschmelzen des Drahtsegmentwerkstoffs.During the coating process, an electrical high voltage is generated between the two
Der aufgeschmolzene Drahtwerkstoff wird von einer Druckluftströmung erfasst, die der Sprühlanze 2 über eine Druckluftzufuhr 5 zugeführt wird. Die Druckluftströmung wird über nicht dargestellte Kanäle zu dem Lichtbogen geführt, wo sie den aufgeschmolzenen Beschichtungswerkstoff erfasst und diesen über eine radial ausgerichtete und am vorderen Ende der Sprühlanze angeordnete Düse 6 austrägt, wodurch ein der Düse 6 gegenüberliegende Abschnitt der Innenwandung eines (nicht dargestellten)Hohlkörpers beschichtet wird.The molten wire material is detected by a compressed air flow which is supplied to the
Durch das Aufschmelzen des Drahtsegmentwerkstoffs verkürzen sich die Drahtsegmente 4 während des Beschichtungsprozesses kontinuierlich. Um ein Erfassen des aufgeschmolzenen Werkstoffs durch die Druckluftströmung stets an ein und derselben Stelle zu gewährleisten, ist es von Vorteil, die Verkürzung der Drahtsegmente 4 durch ein Nachführen dieser auszugleichen. Dies kann bei einer entsprechenden Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung allein durch die Schwerkraft der Drahtsegmente 4 selbst erzielt werden. Gegebenenfalls kann eine Nachführvorrichtung (nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen werden, die die Drahtsegmente 4 innerhalb der Sprühlanze 2 verfährt, d.h. mit derselben Geschwindigkeit nachführt, so dass der für die Bildung eines Lichtbogens wichtige Abstand zwischen den Enden der Drahtsegmente 4 erhalten bleibt. Als Nachführvorrichtung können beispielsweise Rollen(paare) vorgesehen werden, die die Drahtsegmente innerhalb des Sprühlanze führen und diese reibschlüssig mit der erforderlichen Geschwindigkeit antreiben, um eine kontinuierliche Versorgung mit Beschichtungswerkstoff sicher zu stellen und gegebenenfalls nicht verbrauchte Drahtsegmentreste nach dem Beschichtungsprozess auszuwerfen.As a result of the melting of the wire segment material, the
Um eine vollständige Beschichtung der Innenwandung des Hohlzylinders 1 zu erreichen, wird die Sprühlanze 2 mittels eines nicht dargestellten Rotationsantriebs rotierend angetrieben und mittels eines ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Linearantriebs entlang eines zu beschichtenden Hohlkörpers, beispielsweise entlang der Längsachse eines Hohlzylinders bzw. der Sprühlanze 2 verfahren. Durch die Überlagerung der zwei Bewegungen ergibt sich ein spiralförmiger Beschichtungsverlauf.In order to achieve a complete coating of the inner wall of the
Am Ende des Beschichtungsprozesses werden die gegebenenfalls in der Lanze verbliebenen Reststücke der Drahtsegmente 4 ausgeworfen.At the end of the coating process, the remnants of the
Bei der in
Eine solche Zufuhrvorrichtung kann insbesondere ein Drahtsegment-Revolvermagazin 7 umfassen, wie es in den
Die
Zum Beschicken der Sprühlanze 2 wird ein Drahtsegment-Revolvermagazin, wie es bereits anhand der
Nach dem Beschicken der Sprühlanze 2 wird das Revolvermagazin wieder in seine Ausgangslage zurück geschwenkt (
Claims (10)
- A method of coating, especially coating the interior, of a component, wherein a coating substance is applied to the component by a distributor (2) which before the coating process is supplied with an amount of coating material (4) adapted to the coating process and wherein the distributor (2) is driven in rotation, characterised in that the coating material (4) is supplied in the form of wire segments (4).
- A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the coating material (4) is supplied by a device (7) separate from the distributor (2).
- A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coating material (4) is melted by an electric arc.
- A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coating material (4) is conveyed to the component by a stream of gas.
- A device for coating, especially coating the interior, of a component, comprising a distributor (2) for the coating material, wherein an amount of coating material (4) depending on the coating process is stored in the distributor (2), wherein the distributor (2) is driven in rotation, characterised in that the coating material (4) is supplied in the form of wire segments (4).
- A device according to claim 5, characterised by a device (7) for supplying the coating material (4) independently of the distributor (12).
- A device according to claim 5, characterised in that the supply device (7) comprises a revolving store (7) of wire segments.
- A device according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterised by a device for melting the coating material.
- A device according to claim 8, characterised by an electric-arc melting device.
- A device according to any of claims 5 to 9, characterised by a gas-flow distributor.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007017173A DE102007017173A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2007-04-12 | Method and device for coating component surfaces |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1980331A2 EP1980331A2 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
EP1980331A3 EP1980331A3 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
EP1980331B1 true EP1980331B1 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
Family
ID=39615804
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08004688A Active EP1980331B1 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2008-03-13 | Method and device for coating body surfaces |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1980331B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007017173A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2387926T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115318519B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-05-28 | 无锡市晟然智能装备有限公司 | Electrostatic spraying device |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1984514U (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1968-04-25 | Metco Inc | POWDER FLAME SPRAY GUN. |
CH591799A5 (en) * | 1975-08-05 | 1977-09-30 | Lonza Ag | |
WO1997049497A1 (en) * | 1996-06-24 | 1997-12-31 | Tafa, Incorporated | Apparatus for rotary spraying a metallic coating |
US5707693A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1998-01-13 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Method and apparatus for thermal spraying cylindrical bores |
DE19841617A1 (en) | 1998-09-11 | 2000-03-23 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Apparatus for thermally coating the inner walls of e.g. car cylinder bores has a hollow wire electric arc inner burner having a burner head with two wires extending from the feeding mechanism |
US6168090B1 (en) * | 1998-12-31 | 2001-01-02 | Edgar C. Baker | Flame spray system with splatter blocking and automated rod delivery apparatuses |
DE10204251A1 (en) * | 2002-02-02 | 2003-08-14 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Method for thermal metal coating of internal bores has wire fed through rotating conveyor to ignition section to melt wire and eject it on to workpiece |
-
2007
- 2007-04-12 DE DE102007017173A patent/DE102007017173A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-03-13 ES ES08004688T patent/ES2387926T3/en active Active
- 2008-03-13 EP EP08004688A patent/EP1980331B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2387926T3 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
DE102007017173A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
EP1980331A2 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
EP1980331A3 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
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