EP1978327B1 - Penetrating missile - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a penetratable projectile with an igniter.

Concrete-breaking projectiles, e.g. Mortar or artillery shells usually have a mechanical impact fuze. The penetration ability of projectiles can be improved with multifunctional detonators. These should be able to trigger an ignition even after the projectile has passed through a concrete target.

From the EP 0 977 005 A1 An ignition device for an explosive grenade is known. The detonator and shell of the explosive grenade are connected to one another via a connecting ring equipped with a base plate. Between the end faces of the connecting ring and shell of the explosive grenade a seal for the isolation of the grenade located in the explosive charge is provided from moisture. Grooves are provided in the bottom plate of the connecting ring so that part of it can be thrown over a detonation of a relay of the detonator in the direction of the explosive charge in the grenade.

It is an object of the invention to provide a penetratable projectile with an igniter in which a penetrability is achieved through a target with a subsequent ignition function.

This object is achieved by a penetration-capable projectile having a fuselage and an igniter housing having an igniter according to the features of claim 1.

The projectile according to the invention can be used to protect multifunctional assemblies whose function is required immediately after a target impact. This includes, for example, the functioning of a safety device with a detonating chain. The assemblies that are no longer relevant, which are their function at the target markup have already been destroyed, can be destroyed at impact and are, for example, in front of the penetration-capable structure of the projectile.

The penetratable projectile is preferably a mortar cartridge, also referred to below as a projectile, or an artillery projectile. The igniter housing base is the fuselage facing portion of the fuse, with the top of the projectile being considered to be above. The interface area is the area in which the igniter or its lower part is connected to the fuselage, e.g. the part of the projectile carrying the active charge is connected. The shape modification is a means for preventing the igniter housing base from being pushed in toward the fuselage or across the fuselage, which prevention need not be seen absolutely under any condition. By preventing the insertion of a multi-functional unit remains, for example, even after a serve sufficient space to remain functional and trigger an ignition.

The shape and / or strength modification may be a waiver of an undercut, as is usually provided at the end of a thread to facilitate a threading. Conveniently, in the interface area, a mouth-hole head ring is arranged with a fuselage-side first internal thread section and an igniter-side second internal thread section of smaller thread diameter, wherein a transition between the first and the second internally threaded section is formed without undercut and as a conical taper. It can be achieved a very high dimensional stability even at a premium to a goal by which a functionality of an ignition mechanism can be maintained. The fuze housing base may be threaded into the mouth hole head ring.

The shape and / or strength modification may be a predetermined breaking point in a further embodiment of the invention. For this purpose, the igniter housing base is formed with a predetermined breaking point. Forwarding too strong a force on a housing of a construction space for an ignition mechanism can be interrupted and the housing can be spared.

For this purpose, the predetermined breaking point is advantageously provided at the transition region between a housing structure which is destroyed during the impact and a housing structure of the igniter housing lower part which is relevant for penetration.

The predetermined breaking point is particularly easy to manufacture if it has a circumferential around an outer surface of the igniter housing base groove or is designed as such.

In the case of an impact of the projectile, very high forces act on the igniter housing, which can cause spreading of a component or lateral displacement of a component against an adjacent component. As a result, the housing is weakened, so that a space for a detonating chain may not remain intact or other malfunctions may occur. Spreading or lateral displacement is counteracted according to the invention by arranging a form-locking element on an end face of the interface region.

In an artillery projectile, an igniter is usually so large that it can be screwed directly into a mouth hole of the projectile. A mouth hole head ring as a kind of adapter for a smaller igniter can be omitted. In this design of the projectile, a particularly good action against spreading or displacement can be achieved if the form-fitting element is arranged on an end face which faces an end face of a mouth of the fuselage. In particular, the detonator lower housing part of the detonator is screwed directly into a mouth hole of the fuselage and formed with a positive-locking element running around the detonator housing lower part and resting on an end face of the mouth hole.

According to the invention, the interlocking element comprises a claw for burying in an opposing element when hitting the target, in particular in an opposite surface of the element. Thus, a mutual slippage of the elements can be prevented.

Conveniently, the positive-locking element is provided for counteracting a radial expansion of the end face in which it is incorporated or on which it is arranged, or a radial displacement of the end face relative to an adjacent element.

If the form-locking element is formed on an annular end face, displacement along the entire circumference can be prevented.

In a mortar shell, the detonator is usually connected via a Mundlochkopfring with an ogive, so a housing of a virtual charge. In this design, the positive-locking element is advantageously arranged on an end face of a Mundlochkopfrings. It can be prevented moving the mouth hole head ring to the fuselage.

A large-area interlocking element can be achieved with little cost of materials, if it is formed on a circulating around the igniter housing base collar.

According to the invention, the positive-locking element is formed from a plurality of grooves. As a result, a burying of the grooves in an impact in an opposing component and thus a very firm hold of the two components are achieved together. The grooves or between these elevations can serve as claws for digging.

A mutual hold is particularly strong if the form-fitting element is formed from two opposing, mutually engaging groove structures.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the positive-locking element has concentric, annular circumferential elevations. It can be achieved a support along the entire circumference. The elevations may be grooves or elevations lying between them.

Conveniently, the annular projections carry a tip profile for burying in an opposing component.

If the annular elevations are spaced apart from one another with different radial distances, on the one hand a particular strength of the positive locking element against destruction and on the other hand a particularly good hold of the positive locking element on the opposite component can be achieved. The different ones Distances can be measured from the peaks of the elevations.

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown. The drawing and the description contain numerous features in combination, which the skilled person expediently consider individually and will summarize meaningful further combinations.

Figur 1

einen Mundlochkopfring und ein Zündergehäuseunterteil eines Mörsergeschosses im zusammengebauten Zustand in einer Längsschnittdarstellung,

Figur 2

das Zündergehäuseunterteil gemäß Figur 1,

Figur 3

das Detail III in Figur 2 in einem vergrößerten Maßstab,

Figur 4

eine Längsschnittdarstellung eines weiteren Mundlochkopfrings,

Figur 5

den Mundlochkopfring aus Figur 4 an einem Rumpf eines Mörsergeschosses,

Figur 6

eine Längsschnittdarstellung eines Zündergehäuseunterteils eines Artilleriegeschosses,

Figur 7

eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Details VI in Figur 5,

Figur 8

einen Rumpf eines Artilleriegeschosses zur Aufnahme des Zündergehäuseunterteils aus Figur 6 in einem Längsschnitt und

Figur 9

eine Längsschnittdarstellung einer anderen Ausbildung des Zündergehäuseunterteils eines Artilleriegeschosses.

Show it:

FIG. 1

a Mundlochkopfring and an igniter housing base of a mortar shell in the assembled state in a longitudinal sectional view,

FIG. 2

the fuze housing base according to FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

the detail III in FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale,

FIG. 4

a longitudinal sectional view of another mouth hole head ring,

FIG. 5

the mouth hole head ring off FIG. 4 on a hull of a mortar shell,

FIG. 6

a longitudinal sectional view of an igniter housing part of an artillery projectile,

FIG. 7

an enlarged view of detail VI in FIG. 5 .

FIG. 8

a fuselage of an artillery projectile for receiving the igniter housing base FIG. 6 in a longitudinal section and

FIG. 9

a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the igniter housing base of an artillery projectile.

FIG. 1 shows in a longitudinal section essential parts of a penetrable projectile 10, which is a mortar shell. The projectile 10 has a Mundlochkopfring 12 and an igniter housing base 14 (see also FIG. 2 ) of a fuse 15, which are screwed together.

The mouth-hole head ring 12 is provided with a trunk-side first female threaded portion 16, e.g. for screwing in a booster charge, and formed with an igniter-side second female threaded portion 18. The second internally threaded portion 18 has a smaller thread diameter than the first internally threaded portion 16. A transition 20 between the internally threaded portions 16, 18 is without undercut - as is common in known Mundlochkopffrom mortar bullets - but formed with a conical taper 22 so that said Transition 20 instead of given by an undercut material weakening gives a reinforcement of the mouth hole head ring 12 as a shape or strength modification.

The detonator housing lower part 14, which is screwed into the mouth-hole head ring 12, is designed with a predetermined breaking point 24 as a further shape or strength modification. As FIG. 2 and particularly FIG. 3 illustrates the predetermined breaking point 24 is formed as a groove 26 which rotates in an outer surface 28 of the igniter housing base 14. The groove 26 is at the in FIG. 3 arranged by a dotted line 30 indicated transition region between a housing structure 32 and a housing structure 34 of the igniter housing base 14. The housing structure 32 accommodates, for example, means for a proximity function and a battery and can be destroyed upon impact of the projectile. The housing structure 34 should remain as intact as possible after the impact, for example, to protect an ignition chain arranged therein.

FIG. 4 shows another mouth hole head ring 36 - without screwed igniter housing base 14. The following description is essentially limited to the differences from the embodiment in the Figures 1 - 3 which is referred to with regard to features and functions that remain the same. Substantially identical components are basically numbered with the same reference numerals.

The mouth-hole head ring 36 comprises, as a shape or strength modification, a form-locking element 38, which is in the form of three circumferential grooves 40 with adjacent tips 42, 44, 46 is formed. The form-fitting element 38 is incorporated in an end face 48 of the mouth-hole head ring 36, which in an interface region 50 (FIG. FIG. 5 ) between a fuselage 52 of the projectile 10 and the igniter housing lower part 14 (FIG. FIG. 1 ) is arranged. The end face 48 is located in a FIG. 5 shown end face 54 of the fuselage 52 opposite, wherein the two end faces 48, 54 abut each other.

When the projectile 10 hits a target, large forces first act on the igniter 15, whose front plastic part, not shown, flakes off and releases the igniter housing lower part 14. This drills with its annular upper end into the target and cuts itself there like a drill bit. Components in a construction space 56 ( FIG. 1 ) between this annular upper end, such as an approach electronics and a battery are thereby destroyed. However, the battery has enough energy in it FIG. 2 schematically represented component 58, such as a firing chain, issued so that it remains functional with the transferred energy and can trigger, for example, after a predetermined delay time.

The impact forces are transmitted from the igniter housing base 14 to the mouth hole head ring 12, 36 and from there to the fuselage 52 of the projectile 10. If the forces rise above a certain value, the igniter housing base 14 breaks at the predetermined breaking point 24 for further penetration. A space 60 ( FIG. 2 ) for the component 58 remains intact. In particular, in a non-vertical impact of the projectile 10 on the target now have large shear forces acting on the interface portion 50, which can lead to a radial and axial displacement of the mouth hole head ring 12, 36 relative to the fuselage 52, so that, for example, a firing chain no longer optimally Booster charge 62 ( FIG. 5 ) or other malfunctions may occur.

The positive locking element 38 counteracts this displacement. Its tips 42, 44, 46 dig into the opposite end face 54 and thus form a positive impact caused by impact forces between mouth hole head ring 36 and body 52. Alternatively, an analog positive-locking element in negative form for Forming element 38 may also be incorporated in the end face 54, so that the positive connection is already present before the impact. It is also conceivable to provide a form-locking element only in the end face 54, ie on the storey side, instead of the positive-locking element 38, which is provided on the side of the mouth-hole head ring 36.

Upon impact, large lateral forces possibly act on the tips 42, 44, 46 buried in the end face 54, which can lead to the destruction of the tips 42, 44, 46. In order to provide a good resistance of the tips 42, 44, 46 against destruction, the tips 42, 44, 46 and the grooves 40 are spaced apart in the radial direction at different distances. Thus, the ratio of the spacing of the inner peaks 44, 46 to the spacing of the outer peaks 42, 44 is 5 to 3. The same applies to the lowest points of the grooves 40 to each other. In order to leave the tips 42, 44, 46 relatively large and yet to achieve a plurality of differently acting by the different distances peaks 42, 44, 46, the positive-locking element 38 expediently between 2 and 5 grooves, in particular 3 grooves 40, as in FIG. 4 is shown.

In order to avoid a movement of the igniter housing lower part 14 to the mouth-hole head ring 12, 36, a positive-locking element 64 may also be incorporated in the interface area 50 between the igniter housing lower part 14 and the mouth-hole head ring 12, 36, as shown in FIG FIG. 2 is indicated by a dashed line. It would just as well be possible to incorporate the interlocking element in an opposite end face 66 of the mouth hole head ring 12, 36 or at both points for mutual engagement.

FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a fuze housing base 14 of a fuse 15 for a penetratable artillery projectile. Artillery projectiles normally do not have a mouth-hole head ring, but the igniter can be inserted directly into the mouth-hole 68 (FIG. FIG. 8 ) of the fuselage 52 of the artillery projectile. For this purpose, the igniter housing lower part 14 is formed with an externally threaded portion 70 for screwing into an internal thread 72 (FIG. FIG. 8 ) of the fuselage 52 of the artillery projectile.

The igniter housing base 14 is provided with a positive locking element 38 (see also FIG. 7 ), which may be formed on a collar 74 side of a key recess 76 for a screw connection. The collar 74 has an annular end face 48, which in the assembled state of the artillery projectile on the end face 54 (FIG. FIG. 8 ) of the mouth hole 68 of the artillery projectile and, as described, buried there in an impact. It would also be conceivable here, alternatively or additionally, to provide a form-locking element on the end face 54 of the mouth hole 68, in particular for positive locking even before impact. However, this can also be omitted, for example due to standard regulations.

As in particular from FIG. 6 is clearly visible, the end face 48 of the interlocking element 38 is also formed with concentric, annular circumferential projections in the form of peaks 44. In the FIGS. 6 and 7 7 grooves 40 are shown, with fewer grooves 40 with corresponding tips 44 offer a particularly durable resistance to displacement here.

The interlocking element 38 of the igniter housing base 14 is provided in each case to move the igniter housing base 14 into the fuselage 52 - either directly against the direction of flight or indirectly by a radial displacement and possibly a rotation about an axis transverse to the direction of flight or tilting - when hitting the Projectile to prevent a target to be penetrated. As described, the positive engagement is produced by the annular circumferential and mutually concentric elevations with their pointed profile when hitting a target, the pointed profiled, annular circumferential projections are pressed into the mentioned end face 48, 54, 66. This positive connection also undesired widening of the mouth hole 68 or Mundlochkopfrings 12, 36 is prevented and thus an undesirable insertion. At the same time, the flow of force into the fuselage 52 of the projectile is improved.

An essential advantage of the positive-locking element 38 is also that standardized interfaces between the fuselage 52 and the mouth-hole head ring 36 or detonator housing lower part 14 can remain unchanged because the igniter housing lower part 14 does not exceed the maximum permissible shape or dimension deviations.

While the FIG. 6 shows an igniter housing base 14 of an artillery projectile with a flat impact surface 78, shows the FIG. 9 in a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the housing lower part 14 of a penetrable artillery projectile, which is formed with a flachkegeligen tip 80. The reference numeral 60 is in FIG. 9 also designates a construction or free space for the required safety device.

To achieve the desired penetration ability and a corresponding mechanical strength is required, ie the structure must not be too soft or too hard; it must have a high strength and a good impact and notch toughness.

List of reference numerals:

10

bullet

12

Mouth hole head ring (from 10)

14

Igniter housing base (from 10)

15

Igniter (out of 10)

16

first female thread section (from 12)

18

second female thread section (from 12)

20

Transition (between 16 and 18)

22

conical rejuvenation (at 20)

24

Breaking point (from 14)

26

Groove (for 24)

28

Outer surface (from 14)

30

Transition range (between 32 and 34 at 26)

32

Housing structure (from 14)

34

Housing structure (from 14)

36

Mouth hole head ring (from 10)

38

Positive locking element (from 36)

40

Groove (from 38)

42

Top (from 38)

44

Top (from 38)

46

Top (from 38)

48

Face (from 36)

50

Interface area (out of 10)

52

Hull (from 10)

54

Face (from 52)

56

Installation space (from 14)

58

Component (of 14)

60

Installation space (from 14)

62

Booster charge (out of 10)

64

Positive locking element (from 12, 14 or 36)

66

Face (from 12, 36)

68

Mouth hole (from 52)

70

Male threaded section (from 14)

72

Internal thread (from 52)

74

Covenant (of 14)

76

Key recess (from 14)

78

Impact area (from 14)

80

Top (from 14)

Claims (16)

1. Projectile (10) with a penetration capability, having a casing (52) and a fuze (15) which has a fuze housing lower part (14), with a shape and/or strength modification being formed in an interface area (50) between the casing (52) and the fuze housing lower part (14) in order to prevent the fuze housing lower part (14) from being pushed into the casing (52) on impact with a target that is to be penetrated,
   characterized in that
   an interlocking element (38) is arranged on an end surface (48, 54, 66) of the interface area (50), with the interlocking element (38)

   a) comprising a claw system for digging into an element opposite the end surface (48, 54, 66) on impact with the target and

   b) being formed from a plurality of grooves (40).
2. Projectile according to Claim 1,
   characterized
   in that a mouth hole head ring (12, 36) is arranged in the interface area (50) and has a first internally threaded section (16) on the casing side and a second internally threaded section (18) with a smaller thread diameter on the fuze side, with a transition (20) being formed between the first and the second internally threaded section (16, 18), without an undercut and as a conical taper (22).
3. Projectile according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized
   in that the fuze housing lower part (14) is formed by a weak point (24).
4. Projectile according to Claim 3,
   characterized
   in that the weak point (24) is provided on the transition area (30) between a housing structure (32), which is destroyed on impact, and a housing structure (34), which is relevant for penetration, of the fuze housing lower part (14).
5. Projectile according to Claim 3 or 4,
   characterized
   in that the weak point (24) has a groove (26) which is circumferential around an outer surface (28) of the fuze housing lower part (14).
6. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized
   in that the fuze housing lower part (14) of the fuze (15) is screwed directly into a mouth hole (68) in the casing (52), and is formed with an interlocking element (38) which is circumferential around the fuze housing lower part (14) and rests on an end surface (54) of the mouth hole (68).
7. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized
   in that the interlocking element (38) is arranged on an end surface (48) which faces an end surface (54) of a mouth hole (68) of the casing (52).
8. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized
   in that the interlocking element (38) is intended to counteract any radial widening of the end surface (48).
9. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized
   in that the interlocking element (38) is formed on an annular end surface (48).
10. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the interlocking element (38) is arranged on an end surface (48) of a mouth hole head ring (12, 36).
11. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the interlocking element (38) is formed from two opposite groove structures which engage in one another.
12. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the interlocking element (38) has mutually concentric projections which are circumferential in an annular shape.
13. Projectile according to Claim 12,
    characterized
    in that the annular projections have a pointed profile.
14. Projectile according to Claim 12 or 13,
    characterized
    in that the annular projections are separated from one another by different radial distances.
15. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the fuze housing lower part (14) is formed with a flat conical point (48).
16. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the fuze housing lower part (14) is composed of a high-strength, ductile material.

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