EP1978204A1 - Earth drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has an encasing tube (5) surrounding an auger (4). A twin-head rotary drive (20) drives the auger in a rotating manner about a drilling axis. An ejecting device (10) discharges drill spoil from the auger, where the ejecting device has a telescopic discharge line (11) i.e. discharge pipe, for the drill spoil. A winch device changes the length of the line. The line extends longitudinally to a mast element (3) in a direction of a drilling axis. The auger is moved together with the ejecting device along the mast element. A hoisting cable is fixed to tube elements (14, 14', 14''). An independent claim is also included for a method for producing a borehole in the ground with an earth drilling device.

Description

The invention relates to an auger device according to the preamble of claim 1. Such an auger is formed with a auger, a cladding tube surrounding the auger, a rotary drive for rotationally driving at least the auger about a drilling axis, an ejector for discharging cuttings from the auger wherein the ejection device has a discharge line for the cuttings, and a mast element, along which the auger with the ejection device is displaceable.

A device for cased Erdbohren is for example from the JP 60-238516 A known. In this known drill an ejection opening is provided at the upper end of the cladding tube below the Bohrdrehantriebes through which the subsidized by the auger cuttings can escape. From the discharge opening the cuttings fall along the casing tube next to the drill pipe to the ground. Since the Bohrgutauswurf takes place at the level of the rotary drive, in particular at the beginning of the bore, when the rotary drive is still far from the ground, given a large drop height. It may therefore be necessary special security measures to avoid accidents caused by falling cuttings. In addition, the largely uncontrolled Bohrgutauswurf at the height of the rotary gear can bring a significant pollution of the site with it.

A generic Erdbohrgerät is from the JP 06-257363 A known. In this drill a flexible discharge bag is provided at the discharge opening, which forms a discharge line for the cuttings and leads the cuttings when falling. An undirected flying around ejected cuttings is thus prevented, so that the risk of accidents is reduced and pollution of the construction site is counteracted.

The from the JP 06-257363 known laxative bag is designed so that it extends to just above the ground with completely drawn drilling tool. This is accompanied by a comparatively long length, so that the fabric bag can move in the wind undesirably and get caught on the device. In addition, especially with larger drilling depths, clogging of the bag may occur, especially if the cuttings are moist and settle on the bag.

The object of the invention is to provide a Erdbohrgerät, in which a particularly safe, clean and reliable Bohrgutabfuhr is given.

The object is achieved by a Erdbohrgerät with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

The earth boring device according to the invention is characterized in that a device for changing the length of the discharge line is provided.

A basic idea of the invention can be seen in providing the discharge line for the ejected cuttings variable in length. This makes it possible to adjust the length of the discharge line to the current drilling depth, that is, the discharge line when drilling down, so if the ejector is lowered with the auger and / or the cladding tube to the ground, to shorten, and to extend the discharge line when pulling again. In this way it can be ensured that the end discharge opening of the discharge line is always arranged a little above the ground, so that it is prevented that the discharge line rests on the ground during downwards drilling. In this way, a continuous Bohrgutabfluss be guaranteed from the discharge line even at large drilling depths, which in turn is counteracted clogging of the discharge line. According to this aspect of the invention, the change in the length of the discharge line is suitably accompanied by a change in the dimensions of the discharge line along the drilling axis, that is to say along the mast element. In addition, the susceptibility to wind is reduced according to the invention, since temporarily unused Abführleitungsbereiche can be retracted while reducing the wind load.

In principle, the discharge line can be designed, for example, as a slide open on one side. For a particularly reliable guidance of the ejected cuttings, however, it is advantageous that the discharge line is designed as a discharge pipe. As a result, an all-round guidance of the cuttings is given and thus an unwanted flying around cuttings thus effectively prevented.

A change in length of the discharge line can be effected, for example, that additional elements are attached to this or removed from it. If a flexible discharge line, for example a fabric tube, is used, the line could be shortened, for example by rolling up or shirring. It is particularly advantageous, however, that the discharge line is telescopic. In a telescopic design of the discharge line, a change in length of the line can be carried out in a particularly simple and reliable manner. A telescopic design of the discharge line is particularly advantageous if the discharge line to reduce the susceptibility to wind is to be performed rigidly.

It is particularly advantageous that the discharge line has a multiplicity of pipe elements which can preferably be inserted into one another for shortening the discharge line. As a result, a telescopic function can be realized in a particularly simple manner.

Furthermore, it is advantageous according to the invention that the tube elements taper towards an end region. This makes it possible to provide the tube elements of the discharge line at least approximately with the same dimensions and at the same time to realize a telescopic function. The telescoping retraction of adjacent pipe elements into each other is ensured in this case by the taper of the pipe elements. In order to allow a particularly reliable guidance of the cuttings, the tapers suitably run in such a way that the diameter of the tube elements decreases with increasing distance from the rotary drive, that is usually towards the ground. If the pipe elements are equipped with a taper, the elements may optionally be referred to as a funnel due to their shape, in which case the entire discharge line can be referred to as a funnel chain. In particular, for a particularly simple production, the tapers are suitably conical tapers. Except by tapers in the tubular elements can be a telescopic Leakage also be given by the fact that pipe elements of different cross-section are used.

A further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is that the means for changing the length of the discharge line has at least one pull rope and that the means for changing the length of the discharge line further preferably comprises at least one winch means for changing the free length of the pull rope. As a result, a length adjustment of the discharge line is possible in a particularly simple and reliable manner. In particular, a Zugseilbetätigung is relatively insensitive to twisting and bending of the discharge line, which may occur for example due to wind load. In principle, for changing the length of the discharge line, for example, a rack and pinion mechanism may also be provided. With regard to the force absorption, it is advantageous that a plurality of tension cables, for example two tension cables, are provided, which can then each have their own winch device.

A structurally particularly simple mechanism for changing the length of the discharge line is given by the fact that the pull rope is attached to at least one of the tube elements. Preferably, the pull rope is attached to an end pipe element, that is, in particular to a pipe element, which is farthest from the rotary drive and / or arranged closest to the ground. In this case, the discharge line can be telescoped over its entire length, wherein when shortening first arranged in the end region of the discharge pipe elements, that is, the lower, near-bottom pipe elements are retracted into each other and these gradually take the overlying pipe elements. To increase the stability of the discharge line, it is advantageous that the remaining pipe elements are each guided longitudinally displaceable on the traction cable. For this purpose, the tube elements suitably guide openings through which the pull rope is performed, so that the tube elements along the pull rope are freely displaced. In this case, the pull rope is used not only for holding a tubular element but also for lateral stabilization of the remaining, arranged above tubular elements.

Additionally or alternatively it can be provided that the pull rope runs through guides on the tube elements, the pull rope below each of these guides each having a driver in the form of a cable support. In this way it can be provided that the distances between the individual pipe elements are shorter when the free length of the traction cable decreases and move the individual pipe elements into each other.

With regard to the reliability of the earth boring device according to the invention, it is particularly advantageous that means are provided which limit the way when pulling apart adjacent pipe elements. For this purpose, for example, stop elements can be provided on the tube elements, which limit an axial relative movement of the individual tube elements relative to each other. For example, may be provided on the upper side of the tubular elements, a radially projecting stop element, which comes into contact with a radially inwardly projecting stop element of the overlying tube element upon reaching a maximum Ausziehweges. However, it is particularly preferred that adjacent pipe elements are each connected to each other with at least one tether. Preferably, the tether is attached at the opposite ends or at the upper end of the adjacent tubular elements. It is particularly expedient that adjacent pipe elements are connected to each other with three tethers, which are distributed equidistantly on the circumference of the pipe elements. By limiting the axial displacement of adjacent tubular elements, for example by tethers or stops, it can be prevented that when extending the discharge line undesirable gaps between adjacent tubular elements occur from which drill cuttings could escape.

It is particularly expedient that the ejection device has a collecting container, which preferably surrounds the auger. The collecting container, which may be formed in particular cylindrical, is expediently to receive cuttings from the auger and deliver it to the discharge line. Preferably, the sump is at the top, that is arranged at the end remote from the ground end of the cladding tube and / or underside on the rotary drive.

It is particularly advantageous that an ejection channel for supplying cuttings into the discharge line is provided on the collecting container. As a result, a particularly reliable Bohrgutübergabe from the collection in the discharge is possible. In order to enable a gravity feed, the ejection channel preferably points away from the collecting container. The ejection channel expediently ends above the uppermost tubular element of the discharge line, so that cuttings can be poured into the discharge line in a simple manner.

Conveniently, the cladding tube and the auger are provided rotatable relative to the collecting container. In order to allow passage of cuttings from the auger to the sump, at least one through-hole is suitably provided in the cladding tube at the level of the sump. The collecting container can have a closure device with which a passage for cuttings from the collecting container to the discharge channel and / or to the discharge line can be selectively blocked.

If the drill string is drilled deep with auger and sheath, the collection is usually only just above the ground, so that under certain circumstances, the condensed to minimum length discharge line would rest on the ground and thus a controlled Bohrgutauswurf would no longer be possible , In particular to prevent this, it is advantageous that a lifting device is provided, with which the discharge line, in particular together with the winch device, relative to the rotary drive and / or the ejection device, for example, in the direction of the drilling axis is movable. In particular, the lifting device makes it possible to raise the discharge line in deeply drilled drill pipe in their entirety and thus prevent placement. In deeply drilled drill string can be provided to eject the cuttings no longer on the discharge line but to deliver directly from the reservoir, since in this case the fall distance for the cuttings is only comparatively short. For this purpose, by means of the lifting device, the discharge line can be moved upwards and / or possibly also radially and / or in the circumferential direction, so that the cuttings no longer get out of the collecting container into the discharge line.

The lifting device suitably has a crane device with which the discharge line can be raised and / or pivoted together with the winching device. Preferably, this crane device is attached to the collecting container, in particular below the rotary drive.

Furthermore, it is advantageous according to the invention that a control is provided which is adapted to adjust the length of the discharge line in dependence on the position of a feed drive for the auger and / or the ejection device. According to this embodiment, the length of the discharge line and thus its dimension in the drilling direction is automatically adapted to the feed of the drill string and thus the position of the collecting container above the ground, so that a resting of the discharge line is counteracted automatically on the ground. The discharge line suitably extends at least approximately parallel to the drilling direction, that is, at least approximately along the mast element.

Suitably, the rotary drive is a double-head rotary drive with which both the auger and the cladding tube, preferably independently of each other, are rotatable. For this purpose, the rotary drive suitably has two separate drive units. The collecting container is suitably arranged below the lower drive unit, which is provided for driving the cladding tube.

The invention also relates to a method for creating a hole in the ground with an earth boring device according to the invention, in which the auger is rotated about the drilling axis by means of the rotary drive and is moved together with the ejector in the direction of the drilling axis in the ground, wherein the length of the discharge line in Direction of the drilling axis is adjusted. By using the Erdbohrgerätes invention, the advantages explained in this context can be realized.

Fig.1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Bohrgerätes mit ausgefahrener Abführleitung;

Fig. 2

eine Detailansicht des Erdbohrgerätes aus Fig. 1 in Richtung Y mit ausgefahrener Abführleitung;

Fig. 3

eine Detailansicht des Erdbohrgerätes aus Fig. 1 in Richtung Y mit vollständig eingefahrener Abführleitung; und

Fig. 4

eine Detailansicht des Erdbohrgerätes aus Fig. 1 in Richtung Y bei vollständig eingefahrener Abführleitung, die zudem mittels einer Hubeinrichtung vom Sammelbehälter hinweg verfahren ist.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments, which are shown schematically in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig.1

a schematic side view of an embodiment of a drilling device according to the invention with extended discharge line;

Fig. 2

a detailed view of the Erdbohrgerätes Fig. 1 in direction Y with extended discharge line;

Fig. 3

a detailed view of the Erdbohrgerätes Fig. 1 in direction Y with fully retracted discharge line; and

Fig. 4

a detailed view of the Erdbohrgerätes Fig. 1 in the direction Y with completely retracted discharge line, which is also moved by means of a lifting device from the sump.

The FIGS. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a Erdbohrgerätes invention in different operating conditions.

In particular Fig. 1 shows, the Erdbohrgerät designed as a crawler undercarriage 2 on which an at least approximately vertically extending mast element 3 is arranged. On the mast element 3, a rotary drive 20 is arranged longitudinally displaceable. The rotary drive 20 is designed as a double-head drive. It has a first drive unit 24 for rotationally driving a drilling screw 4 and a second drive unit 25 for rotationally driving a cladding tube 5, wherein the cladding tube 5 surrounds the auger 4. The rotation of auger 4 and cladding tube 5 takes place in each case about the drilling axis. 1

On mast element 3 designed as a winch drive feed drive 41 is provided, which is connected via a cable pull mechanism with the rotary drive 20. By actuating the feed drive 41, the rotary drive 20 together with the auger 4 arranged thereon and the cladding tube 5 arranged thereon can be displaced along the mast element 3, that is to say in the direction of the drilling axis 1, so that the auger 4 and the cladding tube 5 penetrate into the ground 8 can penetrate. When penetrating into the ground 8 4 soil material is processed by the auger, which of the auger 4 in the interior of the cladding tube 5 for rotary drive 20 is promoted upwards. For discharging the processed soil material from the auger 4, an ejector 10 is provided.

The ejection device 10 has a collecting container 30. This cylindrically shaped collecting container 30 is arranged below the lower, second drive unit 25 of the rotary drive 20 on the rotary drive 20. The collecting container 30 surrounds the cladding tube 5 and the auger 4 arranged therein. It serves to receive cuttings, which are conveyed upwards in the direction of the drilling axis 1 during drilling operation by the auger 4 inside the cladding tube 5. In the area of the collecting container 30, the drill cuttings are discharged through openings in the jacket tube 5 from the drilling screw 4 into the collecting container 30.

As in particular in Fig. 4 can be seen, a radially towards the ground extending ejection groove 33 is arranged on the collecting container 30, by means of which cuttings can be removed by gravity from the collecting container 30. In particular Fig. 4 further shows in detail, a flap 31 is provided at the ejection groove 33, which can be actuated by means of a drive 32 designed as a hydraulic cylinder. By means of this flap 31, the collecting container 30 can be closed and thus a Bohrgutförderung be prevented via the ejection channel 33.

As the FIGS. 1 to 4 further show, the ejector 10 for the cuttings also has a discharge line 11. The discharge line 11 runs along the mast element 3 in the direction of the drilling axis 1 and by a plurality of tubular elements 14, 14 ', 14 "formed to 14 ^n. The tube elements 14, 14', 14" ... 14 ⁿ all have substantially the same dimensions and are conical with a taper to the ground 8 formed out. The conical design makes it possible, the tubular elements 14, 14 ', 14 "to 14 ⁿ , as in particular in Fig. 3 shown to telescope into one another and thus shorten the length L of the discharge line 11.

How the particular Figures 2 and 3 each adjacent pipe elements 14 ^x , 14 ^{x + 1} via three tethers 22, 22 ', 22 "connected to each other, which are arranged equidistantly on the circumference of the tubular elements 14 ^x , 14 ^{x + 1.} The tethers 22, 22', 22nd "are in each case in an upper region of the adjacent tubular elements 14 ^x , 14 ^{x + 1} attached to these tubular elements. The tethers 22, 22 ', 22 "set a maximum distance to the adjacent pipe elements 14 ^x , 14 ^{x + 1} can be moved away from each other and thus ensure that the discharge line 11 is not on the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown length is extended. This prevents that between adjacent pipe elements 14 ^x , 14 ^{x + 1} spaces occur through which cuttings could escape.

As the Figures 2 and 3 also show, the ejector 10, a pull rope 18 for length adjustment of the discharge line 11. This pull cable 18 is fixedly connected at one end by means of a holding device 17 to the lowermost pipe element 14, that is to say to the pipe element 14 farthest from the collecting container 30. From there, the traction cable 18 runs parallel to the drilling axis 1 upwards. The pipe elements 14 'to 14 ⁿ arranged above the lowermost pipe element 14 are thereby moved by the traction cable 18 into guide recesses 16 (cf. Fig. 3 ), so that these remaining tube elements 14 'to 14 ⁿ are laterally stabilized by the pull cable 18.

For actuating the pull cable 18, a winch device 19 is provided. As in particular in Fig. 3 is shown, this winching device 19 has a first winch 59 for the traction cable 18. Furthermore, a second winch 59 'is provided. With this second winch 59 ', a pull rope 18 opposite second pull cable is actuated, which is hidden in the figures and therefore not visible. This second traction cable has an analogue course and an analogous attachment to the first traction cable 18. The two tension cables thus thread the tubular elements 14, 14 ', 14 "to 14 ⁿ into a chain.

In particular Fig. 3 Furthermore, the two winches 59, 59 'are arranged on a cross member 52 of a carrier device 53. In turn, the uppermost tubular element 14 ^{n is} fastened to this carrier device 53.

The winching device 19 allows a targeted change in length of the discharge line 11. If the first traction cable 18 and the second traction cable, not shown, are drummed by means of the winching device 19, these traction cables lift the lowermost pipe element 14. On its way up, the lowermost tubular element 14 successively takes the remaining tubular elements 14 ', 14 ", etc. along until the evacuation duct 11 finally, as in FIG Fig. 3 shown, fully retracted.

For automatic operation of the winch device 19, a controller 40 is provided which the length L of the discharge line 11 in dependence on the position of the feed drive 41 and thus the position of the auger 4 and the cladding tube 5 along the drilling axis 1 sets.

As in particular in the Figures 3 and 4 can be seen, the ejector 10 further comprises a lifting device 35 designed as a crane. This lifting device 35 is arranged on a frame 26 which is arranged between the rotary drive 20 and the collecting container 30, wherein the frame 26 with the collecting container 30 rotatably and axially fixed and is traversed by the auger 4 and the cladding tube 5. The lifting device 35 can, however, in principle also be arranged on the lower drive unit 25 and / or on the collecting container 30. The lifting device 35 has two pivotally interconnected lever elements 64 and 65. The first lever element 64 is arranged on the frame 26. On the second lever element 65, the discharge line 11 is suspended via the cross member 52 of the carrier device 53. The lifting device 35 has a drive 66 designed as a hydraulic cylinder, with which the second lever element 65 can pivot relative to the first lever element 64. Here, the position of the lifting device 35 suspended on the discharge line 11 relative to the collecting container 30 in the direction of the drilling axis 1 and radially thereto. In particular, it allows the lifting device 35, the discharge line 11 from the in Fig. 3 shown position below the ejection groove 33 in the in Fig. 4 Spent shown position in which the discharge line 11 is raised relative to the discharge channel 33 and radially spaced, so that cuttings from the discharge channel 33 can fall directly to the ground.

That in the FIGS. 1 to 4 Drill shown can be operated as follows:

At the beginning of the drilling process are cladding tube 5 and auger 4 outside the soil 8 and the discharge line 11 is as in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown fully extended. Now the feed drive 41 is actuated and thereby the auger 4 and the cladding tube 5 drilled into the ground 8. Accumulating cuttings are conveyed by the auger 4 in the interior of the cladding tube 5 upwards and discharged there into the collecting container 30. From the collecting container 30 it passes through the discharge channel 33 in the discharge line 11 and falls here ordered to the ground.

When retracting the auger 4 with the cladding tube 5 in the ground and the collection container 30 and the discharge line 11, which are attached to the upper side of the cladding tube 5, lowered. To prevent the discharge line 11 when lowering on the Soils 8 rises, the length L of the discharge line 11 is shortened by means of the controller 40 with increasing depth. For this purpose, the controller 40 actuates the winching device 19, which in turn causes the tubular elements 14, 14 ', 14 "to 14 ^{n to be} lifted starting from below via the traction cable 18.

The individual tube elements 14, 14 ', 14 "to 14 ⁿ are increasingly retracted into each other with increasing depth, so that the discharge line 11 finally in Fig. 3 set minimum length reached.

In order to prevent the discharge pipe 11 from rising up on the ground 8 during further drilling because of its residual length, the pipe 11 is then, as in FIG Fig. 4 shown lifted by means of the lifting device 35 in its entirety and moved away from the ejection groove 33. The cuttings are now conveyed by the ejection channel 33 directly to the ground.

The invention, which has been described by way of example in connection with vertical drilling, can also be used for oblique drilling and in principle also for horizontal drilling, in which case a top-side arrangement can be understood to mean an arrangement facing away from the bottom.

Claims (11)

Earth drill with a drilling screw (4), a cladding tube (5) surrounding the auger (4), a rotary drive (20) for rotationally driving at least the auger (4) about a drilling axis (1), - An ejection device (10) for discharging cuttings from the auger (4), wherein the ejection device (10) has a discharge line (11) for the cuttings, and - a mast element (3), along which the auger (4) with the ejection device (10) is displaceable, characterized, - That means for changing the length (L) of the discharge line (11) is provided. An earth boring device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the discharge line (11) is designed as a discharge pipe. Earth boring device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the discharge line (11) is telescopic. Earth boring device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the discharge line (11) comprises a plurality of tubular elements (14) for shortening the discharge line (11) are reciprocally retractable,
wherein the tubular elements (14) taper towards an end region. Earth boring device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized, - That means for changing the length (L) of the discharge line (11) has at least one pull rope (18), and - That the means for changing the length (L) of the discharge line (11) at least one winch means (19) for changing the free length of the traction cable (18). Earth boring device according to claims 4 and 5,
characterized
the pull cable (18) is fastened to at least one of the pipe elements (14), in particular to an end pipe element (14). Earth boring device according to one of claims 4 to 6,
characterized,
in that adjacent tubular elements (14) are each connected to one another by at least one tether (22). Earth boring device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the ejection device (10) has a collecting container (30) which surrounds the drilling screw (4), wherein an ejection channel (33) for feeding cuttings into the discharge line (11) is preferably provided on the collecting container (30). Earth boring device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that a lifting device (35) is provided with which the discharge line (11), in particular together with the winch device (19), is movable relative to the rotary drive (20) and / or the ejection device (10). Earth boring device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that a controller (40) is provided which is set up to adjust the length (L) of the discharge line (11) as a function of the position of a feed drive (41) for the auger (4) and the ejection device (10). A method of making a well in the ground with an earth boring device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
the auger (4) is rotated about the drilling axis (1) by means of the rotary drive (20) and is moved together with the ejection device (10) in the direction of the drilling axis (1) in the soil, the length (L) of the discharge line (11 ) is adjusted in the direction of the drilling axis (1).

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