EP1977437A1 - Contact system for a short-circuiting device in a medium-voltage or high-voltage switchboard plant - Google Patents

Contact system for a short-circuiting device in a medium-voltage or high-voltage switchboard plant

Info

Publication number
EP1977437A1
EP1977437A1 EP07702975A EP07702975A EP1977437A1 EP 1977437 A1 EP1977437 A1 EP 1977437A1 EP 07702975 A EP07702975 A EP 07702975A EP 07702975 A EP07702975 A EP 07702975A EP 1977437 A1 EP1977437 A1 EP 1977437A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact piece
arrangement according
movable contact
fixed
contact arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07702975A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1977437B1 (en
Inventor
Robert Espeseth
Ole Granhaug
Jan-Henrik Kuhlefelt
Thor Endre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Publication of EP1977437A1 publication Critical patent/EP1977437A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1977437B1 publication Critical patent/EP1977437B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H79/00—Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/53—Bases or cases for heavy duty; Bases or cases for high voltage with means for preventing corona or arcing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H2003/0273—Manually irreversibly actuated switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a contact arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Electrical switchgear for voltages in the range of 1 to 52 kv, which area is generally referred to as a medium voltage range, are designed as metal-enclosed gas-insulated switchgear, see DE 43 02 416, in which are housed as functional units load-break switches, earthing switches and fuses.
  • a switchgear is available, see also DE 31 31 417, in which a short-circuiting device is provided which short-circuits or connects to earth when an arc occurs, so that the short circuit is already switched off in the emergence and the effects of the arc fault are limited to the interior of the switchgear.
  • this switchgear has a pressure sensor which brings via a spring-loaded gearbox movable, designed as a contact blade switching contact pieces in contact with the phase conductors located fixed contact pieces, wherein the drive is designed as a spring drive; the pressure sensor acts on a latching point, which releases the drive spring and thus drives the movable contact pieces into the stationary contact pieces at high speed, whereby the phases are short-circuited and the arc is thus suppressed.
  • the fixed contact pieces are free within the switchgear, so that certain distances must be maintained between the fixed contact pieces and the encapsulation located on earth.
  • the object of the invention is to design the high or medium voltage fixed contact pieces of the contact arrangement so that the distance between the contact pieces and the enclosure or the contact pieces can be kept as low as possible with each other.
  • each at least one fixed contact piece is assigned a shielding of insulating material, which can be penetrated by the movable contact piece for contacting with the fixed contact piece during a switch-on action, wherein the shielding is arranged between the fixed contact piece and the movable contact piece.
  • the arrangement of the shield of the insulating material is chosen so that it is located between the at least one fixed contact piece and the movable contact piece, so that an approximation of the movable contact piece to the at least one fixed contact piece does not lead early to a Einschaltlichtbogen.
  • the shield can be designed so that at least the region of the insulating material lying in the path of movement of the movable contact piece is soft, so that the contact piece can penetrate the material.
  • the insulating material is hard, but it is essential that the region lying in the path of movement of the movable contact piece is dimensioned in its thickness so that the movable contact piece can break through this section.
  • the shield can also be formed by a hinged door or flap, which can be pressed by the movable contact piece.
  • the movable contact piece is then to be designed so that it can easily penetrate the insulating material.
  • the movable contact piece may be formed so that it tapers towards the free end, wherein this taper may be conical.
  • the tip that is, the free end of the movable contact piece is approximately hemispherical rounded.
  • the at least one fixed contact piece may be surrounded by a tubular cylinder, on which the breakable or hinged insulating material is arranged.
  • the tubular cylinder can project beyond the stationary contact piece and be closed at its free end by the penetrable insulating material.
  • the space within the fixed tubular cylinder, in which the fixed contact piece is located with insulating fluid, for. B. be filled with liquid fluid, in particular with insulating oil.
  • the insulating material assigned to the fixed contact piece may have an electrically conductive layer as electrical shielding and / or field control.
  • the electrically conductive layer may be disposed inside the tubular cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a switchgear, in which the invention is realized
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention
  • a switchgear 10 has a metal housing 11, shown only schematically, which is filled in the interior 12 with an insulating gas, for example with SF6 gas. Suitable feedthroughs lead into the switchgear feed lines 13 and 14, whereas between the two feeders 13, 14 a discharge line 15 is arranged. In the supply and discharge lines 13 to 15 switch-disconnectors 16, 17 and 18 are arranged. Furthermore, short-circuiting switches 19, 20 and 21 are provided, which are actuated by a switching mechanism 23, wherein the switching mechanism 23 has a Verklinkungsstelle that can be unlatched by a sensor 24.
  • the load disconnectors 16 and 18 may be closed; As a result, a current flows through the supply line 13 into the switchgear and via the discharge line 15 from the switchgear, for example, to a transformer that transforms the medium voltage into low voltage.
  • Such a circuit arrangement has also become known as the so-called ring main unit, which is marketed by ABB AS Division Kraft etcer, Skien, Norway.
  • a short circuit between the individual phases is generated, whereby the arc 22 is switched off; due to the short circuit generated thereby switches off a higher-level switch, such as a circuit breaker from.
  • the individual switches 19, 20 and 21 are formed in the switchgear ring Main Unit of ABB AS Division Kraft etcer, Skien, Norway, as a blade contact switch; These blade contact switches engage in contact blade receiving elements, which causes a very high space requirement.
  • the supply and discharge lines 13, 14 and 15 is an electrical rigid conductor 30 in connection, on whose front side a contact tulip-shaped fixed contact piece 31 is fixed with a screw 32.
  • the rigid conductor 30 and the fixed contact piece 31 are surrounded by a cylindrical tube 33, which projects beyond the fixed contact piece 31 and is closed at its free end by means of a cover 34.
  • the cylindrical tube is made of an insulating material, which may optionally be coated on its outside with electrically conductive material to improve the field line course.
  • the closure lid 34 is inserted or recessed into a recess 35.
  • the lid 34 is made of silicone material.
  • the lid of a rigid material.
  • the coating with electrically conductive material on the inside of the cylindrical tube or the tubular cylinder 33, wherein moreover, the layer also continues in the region of the recess 35 back.
  • the stationary contact piece 31 is associated with a movable contact piece 36 which is displaced in the direction of arrow P at a switch-on to the fixed contact piece 31 out. So that the movable contact piece 36 can penetrate the cover 34, the tip 37 of the movable contact piece 36 is conically formed with a tip 38.
  • the movable contact piece is in this case connected to earth. It should be added that there is a contact point per phase, as shown in FIG. 2, for each supply or discharge line. About the movable contact piece 36, the individual phases can be connected to ground or it can be generated a phase short circuit, which can also be switched off by a higher-level power switch.
  • the movable contact piece is surrounded by a cylinder tube 39 of electrically conductive material in which the movable contact piece 36 slides; the fixed contact piece 31 facing the end of the cylinder tube 39 has a bead 40 to the outside, through which the electric field in the region of the contact point of FIG. 2 is made uniform.
  • the movable contact piece 36 can also perform a circular movement.
  • an L-shaped arm 41 is fixed to a rotary shaft 42, which arm 41 merges into a movable contact piece 43, which corresponds to the movable contact piece 36.
  • a field control arrangement such as that shown in FIG. 2 is not shown.
  • a contact tulip 31 is fastened to the end face of the contact piece 30;
  • the end face of the rigid conductor in such a way that it forms a contact point with the movable contact piece, in which, for example, a conical recess is introduced into the end face; in another embodiment, the front side could be flat and the tip of the movable contact piece hemispherical.
  • the conductor 30 is surrounded by a cylindrical tube 44, which has a bottom 45 whose thickness is measured so that it can be easily penetrated by the movable contact piece 43, which of course may also be the contact piece 36 can.
  • the cylinder tube 33, 44 may be made of, for example, reusable thermoplastic polymer; the lid 34 may be made of a soft material, such as silicone rubber, which allows the movable contact 36 to penetrate inside the cylinder tube 33.
  • the electrically conductive coating of the cylinder tube is provided on the inside, in particular when the embodiments of the fixed contact piece is structurally simple.
  • the embodiment of the invention is described with reference to an electrical switchgear; Of course, it is possible to install and use the invention in other installation systems.
  • the interior of the cylinder 33 or 44, in which the contact tulip 31 is located, may be filled with SF6 gas, such as the ambient or else with liquid insulating material, such as insulating oil and the like.
  • the lid is in the form of a flap 50 which is made of deformable material and is fixed via a kind of film hinge 51 on the cylinder tube 52; in the case of a short-circuit, the flap 50 is opened by the movable contact piece and pivoted to the position shown by dashed lines 50a.
  • the flap may also be formed as a sliding plate which is actuated by the movable contact piece.
  • insulating material through which the movable contact engages is equivalent to the term “shield,” as opposed to the term “electrical shield,” which has the function of field control.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a contact system for a short-circuiting device in a medium-voltage or high-voltage switchboard plant, comprising one stationary contact piece (10) each per phase, connected to the mains voltage (high voltage or medium voltage), and one mobile contact piece (36, 43) each per phase. Every stationary contact piece (31) is surrounded by an insulating material which the mobile contact piece (36, 43) is able to penetrate when the contact is closed.

Description

Kontaktanordnung für eine Kurzschließeinrichtung in einer Mittel- oder Hochspan- nungsschaltanlaqe Contact arrangement for a short-circuiting device in a medium or high voltage switchgear
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kontaktanordnung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a contact arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
Elektrische Schaltanlagen für Spannungen im Bereich von 1 bis 52 kv, welcher Bereich allgemein als Mittelspannungsbereich bezeichnet wird, sind als metallgekapselte gasisolierte Schaltanlagen ausgebildet, siehe DE 43 02 416, in denen als Funktionseinheiten Lasttrennschalter, Erdschalter und Schmelzsicherungen untergebracht sind.Electrical switchgear for voltages in the range of 1 to 52 kv, which area is generally referred to as a medium voltage range, are designed as metal-enclosed gas-insulated switchgear, see DE 43 02 416, in which are housed as functional units load-break switches, earthing switches and fuses.
Wenn in einer derartigen Schaltanlage ein Störlichtbogen auftritt, dann sind die Auswirkungen des Störlichtbogens möglichst auf ein Minimum zu begrenzen. Bei entsprechend langer Brenndauer eines solchen Störlichtbogens können sich Druck und Temperatur innerhalb der Schaltanlage soweit erhöhen, dass es zum Bruch oder Aufschmelzen der Metallkapselung kommen kann; damit aufgrund unkontrollierten Aus- strömens von erhitztem Gas in den Raum, in dem sich die Schaltanlage befindet, befindliche Personen nicht verletzt oder gar getötet werden, sind bei manchen Schaltanlagen in der Gehäusekapselung sogenannte Sollbruchstellen vorgesehen, durch die bei deren Bruch das erhitzte Gas kontrolliert in eine bestimmte vorgegebene Richtung ausströmt, so dass eventuell im Raum befindliche Bedienpersonen nicht verletzt werden. Auf dem Markt ist eine Schaltanlage erhältlich, siehe auch DE 31 31 417, in der eine Kurzschließeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die bei Auftreten eines Störlichtbogens die Phasen kurzschließt bzw. mit Erde verbindet, so dass der Kurzschluss schon im Entstehen weggeschaltet wird und die Auswirkungen des Störlichtbogens auf dem Innenraum der Schaltanlage begrenzt sind. Zu diesem Zweck besitzt diese Schaltanlage einen Drucksensor, der über ein Federspeichergetriebe bewegliche, als Kontaktmesser ausgebildete Schaltkontaktstücke in Kontakt mit an den Phasenleitern befindlichen feststehenden Kontaktstücken bringt, wobei der Antrieb als Federantrieb ausgebildet ist; der Drucksensor wirkt auf eine Verklinkungsstelle, die die Antriebsfeder freigibt und so die beweglichen Kontaktstücke mit hoher Geschwindigkeit in die feststehenden Kontaktstücke treibt, wodurch die Phasen kurzgeschlossen werden und der Lichtbogen so unterdrückt wird.If an arc occurs in such a switchgear, then the effects of the arc should be minimized as far as possible. With a correspondingly long burning time of such an arc, the pressure and temperature within the switchgear can increase to such an extent that breakage or melting of the metal encapsulation can occur; In order to prevent persons from being injured or even killed due to uncontrolled discharge of heated gas into the room in which the switchgear is located, so-called predetermined breaking points are provided in some switchgear in which the heated gas is controlled in the housing a certain predetermined direction flows out, so that any operators located in the room are not injured. In the market, a switchgear is available, see also DE 31 31 417, in which a short-circuiting device is provided which short-circuits or connects to earth when an arc occurs, so that the short circuit is already switched off in the emergence and the effects of the arc fault are limited to the interior of the switchgear. For this purpose, this switchgear has a pressure sensor which brings via a spring-loaded gearbox movable, designed as a contact blade switching contact pieces in contact with the phase conductors located fixed contact pieces, wherein the drive is designed as a spring drive; the pressure sensor acts on a latching point, which releases the drive spring and thus drives the movable contact pieces into the stationary contact pieces at high speed, whereby the phases are short-circuited and the arc is thus suppressed.
Bei dieser Schaltanlage sind die feststehenden Kontaktstücke frei innerhalb der Schaltanlage, so dass zwischen den feststehenden Kontaktstücken und der auf Erde befindlichen Kapselung bestimmte Abstände eingehalten werden müssen.In this switchgear, the fixed contact pieces are free within the switchgear, so that certain distances must be maintained between the fixed contact pieces and the encapsulation located on earth.
Es besteht prinzipiell der Bedarf, derartige Schaltanlagen möglichst kompakt herzustellen, weil der zur Verfügung stehende Raum knapp und damit teuer ist.There is in principle the need to produce such switchgear as compact as possible, because the available space is scarce and therefore expensive.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die auf Hoch- oder Mittelspannung befindlichen feststehenden Kontaktstücke der Kontaktanordnung so auszugestalten, dass der Abstand zwischen den Kontaktstücken und der Kapselung bzw. der Kontaktstücke untereinander möglichst gering gehalten werden kann.The object of the invention is to design the high or medium voltage fixed contact pieces of the contact arrangement so that the distance between the contact pieces and the enclosure or the contact pieces can be kept as low as possible with each other.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Die Erfindung besteht demgemäß darin, dass jedem wenigstens einem feststehenden Kontaktstück eine Abschirmung aus isolierendem Material zugeordnet ist, das bei einer Einschalthandlung von dem beweglichen Kontaktstück zur Kontaktierung mit dem feststehenden Kontaktstück durchdringbar ist, wobei die Abschirmung zwischen dem feststehenden und dem beweglichen Kontaktstück angeordnet ist. Der besondere Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform eine kompakte Kontaktanordnung für eine Schaltanlage erzeugt wird, so dass insgesamt die Schaltanlage selbst geringeren Platzbedarf besitzt.The invention accordingly consists in that each at least one fixed contact piece is assigned a shielding of insulating material, which can be penetrated by the movable contact piece for contacting with the fixed contact piece during a switch-on action, wherein the shielding is arranged between the fixed contact piece and the movable contact piece. The particular advantage of the invention is that a compact contact arrangement for a switchgear is generated by the embodiment according to the invention, so that overall the switchgear itself has less space.
Die Anordnung der Abschirmung aus dem isolierenden Material ist dabei so gewählt, dass sie sich zwischen dem wenigstens einen feststehenden Kontaktstück und dem beweglichen Kontaktstück befindet, so dass eine Annäherung des beweglichen Kontaktstückes an das wenigstens eine feststehende Kontaktstück nicht frühzeitig zu einem Einschaltlichtbogen führt.The arrangement of the shield of the insulating material is chosen so that it is located between the at least one fixed contact piece and the movable contact piece, so that an approximation of the movable contact piece to the at least one fixed contact piece does not lead early to a Einschaltlichtbogen.
Die Abschirmung kann gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung so ausgebildet sein, dass wenigstens der im Bewegungsweg des beweglichen Kontaktstückes liegende Bereich des isolierenden Materials weich ist, so dass das Kontaktstück das Material durchdringen kann. Es besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, dass das isolierende Material hart ist, wobei allerdings wesentlich ist, dass der im Bewegungsweg des beweglichen Kontaktstückes liegende Bereich in seiner Dicke so bemessen ist, dass das bewegliche Kontaktstück diesen Abschnitt durchbrechen kann.According to an advantageous embodiment, the shield can be designed so that at least the region of the insulating material lying in the path of movement of the movable contact piece is soft, so that the contact piece can penetrate the material. Of course, there is also the possibility that the insulating material is hard, but it is essential that the region lying in the path of movement of the movable contact piece is dimensioned in its thickness so that the movable contact piece can break through this section.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann die Abschirmung auch durch eine klappbare Tür oder Klappe gebildet sein, die vom beweglichen Kontaktstück aufgedrückt werden kann.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the shield can also be formed by a hinged door or flap, which can be pressed by the movable contact piece.
Das bewegliche Kontaktstück ist dann so auszugestalten, dass es das isolierende Material leicht durchdringen kann. In bevorzugter Weise kann das bewegliche Kontaktstück so ausgebildet sein, dass es sich zum freien Ende hin verjüngt, wobei diese Verjüngung kegelförmig sein kann.The movable contact piece is then to be designed so that it can easily penetrate the insulating material. Preferably, the movable contact piece may be formed so that it tapers towards the free end, wherein this taper may be conical.
Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, dass die Spitze, das heißt das freie Ende, des beweglichen Kontaktstückes etwa halbkugelförmig gerundet ist.There is also the possibility that the tip, that is, the free end of the movable contact piece is approximately hemispherical rounded.
Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das wenigstens eine feststehende Kontaktstück von einem rohrförmigen Zylinder umgeben sein, an dem das durchbrechbare oder aufklappbare isolierende Material angeordnet ist. Wenn das feststehende Kontaktstück an einem Ende eines starren Leiters angebracht ist oder durch dessen Stirnfläche gebildet ist, kann der rohrförmige Zylinder das feststehende Kontaktstück überragen und an seinem freien Ende von dem durchdringbaren isolierenden Material verschlossen sein.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one fixed contact piece may be surrounded by a tubular cylinder, on which the breakable or hinged insulating material is arranged. When the fixed contact piece is attached to one end of a rigid conductor or is formed by its end face, the tubular cylinder can project beyond the stationary contact piece and be closed at its free end by the penetrable insulating material.
In diesem Falle kann der Raum innerhalb des feststehenden rohrförmigen Zylinders, in dem sich das feststehende Kontaktstück befindet, mit isolierendem Fluid, z. B. mit flüssigem Fluid, insbesondere mit Isolieröl, gefüllt sein.In this case, the space within the fixed tubular cylinder, in which the fixed contact piece is located, with insulating fluid, for. B. be filled with liquid fluid, in particular with insulating oil.
Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das dem feststehenden Kontaktstück zugeordnete isolierende Material eine elektrisch leitende Schicht als elektrische Abschirmung und/oder Feldsteuerung aufweisen.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the insulating material assigned to the fixed contact piece may have an electrically conductive layer as electrical shielding and / or field control.
Bei vorsehen des rohrförmigen Zylinder kann die elektrisch leitende Schicht innerhalb des rohrförmigen Zylinders angeordnet sein.When providing the tubular cylinder, the electrically conductive layer may be disposed inside the tubular cylinder.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verbesserungen der Erfindung sind den weiteren Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous embodiments and improvements of the invention can be found in the further subclaims.
Anhand der Zeichnung, in der zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt sind, sollen die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verbesserungen und weitere Vorteile der Erfindung näher erläutert und beschrieben werden.Reference to the drawing, are shown in the two embodiments of the invention, the invention and further advantageous refinements and improvements and other advantages of the invention will be explained and described in detail.
Es zeigenShow it
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Schaltanlage, bei der die Erfindung verwirklicht ist,1 is a schematic representation of a switchgear, in which the invention is realized,
Fig. 2 eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung undFig. 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention and
Fig. 3 und 4 zwei weitere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.3 and 4 show two further embodiments of the invention.
Eine Schaltanlage 10 besitzt ein lediglich schematisch dargestelltes Metallgehäuse 11 , welches im Inneren 12 mit einem Isoliergas, beispielsweise mit SF6-Gas gefüllt ist. Über geeignete Durchführungen führen in die Schaltanlage Zuführungsleitungen 13 und 14 hinein, wogegen zwischen den beiden Zuführungen 13, 14 eine Abführungsleitung 15 angeordnet ist. In den Zu- bzw. Abführungsleitungen 13 bis 15 sind Lasttrennschalter 16, 17 und 18 angeordnet. Weiterhin sind Kurzschließschalter 19, 20 und 21 vorgesehen, die von einem Schaltschloss 23 betätigt werden, wobei das Schaltschloss 23 eine Verklinkungsstelle aufweist, die von einem Sensor 24 entklinkt werden kann. Im Normalbetrieb mögen beispielsweise die Lasttrennschalter 16 und 18 geschlossen sein; dadurch fließt ein Strom über die Zuführungsleitung 13 in die Schaltanlage und über die Abführungsleitung 15 aus der Schaltanlage heraus, beispielsweise zu einem Transformator, der die Mittelspannung in Niederspannung transformiert.A switchgear 10 has a metal housing 11, shown only schematically, which is filled in the interior 12 with an insulating gas, for example with SF6 gas. Suitable feedthroughs lead into the switchgear feed lines 13 and 14, whereas between the two feeders 13, 14 a discharge line 15 is arranged. In the supply and discharge lines 13 to 15 switch-disconnectors 16, 17 and 18 are arranged. Furthermore, short-circuiting switches 19, 20 and 21 are provided, which are actuated by a switching mechanism 23, wherein the switching mechanism 23 has a Verklinkungsstelle that can be unlatched by a sensor 24. In normal operation, for example, the load disconnectors 16 and 18 may be closed; As a result, a current flows through the supply line 13 into the switchgear and via the discharge line 15 from the switchgear, for example, to a transformer that transforms the medium voltage into low voltage.
Es besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, dass die Schalter 17, 18 geschlossen und der Schalter 16 geöffnet ist. Dann fließt der Strom über die Zuführungsleitung 14 und die Abführungsleitung 15 in die Schaltanlage und aus der Schaltanlage heraus. Es besteht selbstverständlich auch die Möglichkeit, dass die mit 13 und 15 bezeichneten Leiter die Zuführungsleitungen und der Leiter 14 die Abführungsleitung aus der Schaltanlage herausbilden; dies ist abhängig von der äußeren bzw. inneren Verschaltung.Of course, there is also the possibility that the switches 17, 18 are closed and the switch 16 is open. Then the current flows via the supply line 14 and the discharge line 15 into the switchgear and out of the switchgear. Of course, there is also the possibility that the conductors designated 13 and 15 form the supply lines and the conductor 14, the discharge line from the switchgear; this depends on the external or internal interconnection.
Eine solche Schaltungsanordnung ist auch als sogenannten Ring Main Unit bekannt geworden, die von der Firma ABB AS Division Kraftprodukter, Skien, Norwegen, vertrieben wird.Such a circuit arrangement has also become known as the so-called ring main unit, which is marketed by ABB AS Division Kraftprodukter, Skien, Norway.
Wenn in einer. derartigen Schaltanlage ein Störlichtbogen 22 auftritt, werden die Temperatur des Isoliergases innerhalb der Schaltanlage 10 und damit dessen Druck ansteigen, so dass ohne geeignete Maßnahmen eine Explosion der Schaltanlage auftreten kann, weswegen beispielsweise die Schaltanlage nach der DE 36 06 770 Sollbruchstellen aufweisen kann, über die gezielt und gesteuert das heiße Gas ausströmen kann. Bei der Anlage gemäß Fig. 1 , die eine derartige Sollbruchstelle nicht aufweist, wird die Druckerhöhung mittels eines Drucksensors 24 detektiert, welcher die Verklinkungsstelle im Schaltschloss 23 entklinkt und so die im Normalzustand offenen Schalter 19, 20 und 21 schließt. Dadurch wird ein Kurzschluss zwischen den einzelnen Phasen erzeugt, wodurch der Lichtbogen 22 weggeschaltet wird; aufgrund des hierdurch erzeugten Kurzschlusses schaltet ein übergeordneter Schalter, beispielsweise ein Leistungsschalter, ab. Die einzelnen Schalter 19, 20 und 21 sind bei der Schaltanlage Ring Main Unit der Firma ABB AS Division Kraftprodukter, Skien, Norwegen, als Messerkontaktschalter ausgebildet; diese Messerkontaktschalter greifen in Kontaktmesseraufnahmeelemente ein, wodurch ein recht hoher Platzbedarf bewirkt wird.If in one. such a switchgear arc fault 22 occurs, the temperature of the insulating gas within the switchgear 10 and thus increase its pressure, so that without suitable measures, an explosion of the switchgear may occur, so why, for example, the switchgear according to DE 36 06 770 predetermined breaking points, on the targeted and controlled, the hot gas can flow out. In the system of FIG. 1, which does not have such a predetermined breaking point, the pressure increase is detected by means of a pressure sensor 24, which unlatches the Verklinkungsstelle in the switch lock 23 and so closes the normally open switch 19, 20 and 21. As a result, a short circuit between the individual phases is generated, whereby the arc 22 is switched off; due to the short circuit generated thereby switches off a higher-level switch, such as a circuit breaker from. The individual switches 19, 20 and 21 are formed in the switchgear ring Main Unit of ABB AS Division Kraftprodukter, Skien, Norway, as a blade contact switch; These blade contact switches engage in contact blade receiving elements, which causes a very high space requirement.
Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsformen wird eine Reduzierung des Platzbedarfes bewirkt.With the embodiments according to the invention a reduction of the space requirement is effected.
Mit den Zu- bzw. Abführungsleitungen 13, 14 und 15 steht ein elektrischer starrer Leiter 30 in Verbindung, an dessen Stirnseite ein kontakttulpenförmiges feststehendes Kontaktstück 31 mit einer Schraubverbindung 32 befestigt ist. Der starre Leiter 30 und das feststehende Kontaktstück 31 sind von einem Zylinderrohr 33 umgeben, welches das feststehende Kontaktstück 31 überragt und an seinem freien Ende mittels eines Deckels 34 verschlossen ist. Das zylindrische Rohr besteht aus einem Isoliermaterial, welches gegebenenfalls zur Verbesserung des Feldlinienverlaufes auf seiner Außenseite mit elektrisch leitendem Material beschichtet sein kann.With the supply and discharge lines 13, 14 and 15 is an electrical rigid conductor 30 in connection, on whose front side a contact tulip-shaped fixed contact piece 31 is fixed with a screw 32. The rigid conductor 30 and the fixed contact piece 31 are surrounded by a cylindrical tube 33, which projects beyond the fixed contact piece 31 and is closed at its free end by means of a cover 34. The cylindrical tube is made of an insulating material, which may optionally be coated on its outside with electrically conductive material to improve the field line course.
Der Verschlussdeckel 34 ist hierbei in einen Rücksprung 35 eingesetzt bzw. eingelassen. Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 2 ist der Deckel 34 aus Silikonmaterial hergestellt; es besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, den Deckel aus einem steifen Material herzustellen.The closure lid 34 is inserted or recessed into a recess 35. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the lid 34 is made of silicone material. Of course it is also possible to make the lid of a rigid material.
Es besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, die Beschichtung mit elektrisch leitendem Material auf der Innenseite des zylinderförmigen Rohres oder des rohrförmigen Zylinders 33 vorzusehen, wobei darüber hinaus sich die Schicht auch in den Bereich des Rücksprungs 35 hin fortsetzt.Of course, it is also possible to provide the coating with electrically conductive material on the inside of the cylindrical tube or the tubular cylinder 33, wherein moreover, the layer also continues in the region of the recess 35 back.
Dem feststehenden Kontaktstück 31 ist ein bewegliches Kontaktstück 36 zugeordnet, welches in Pfeilrichtung P bei einer Einschalthandlung auf das feststehende Kontaktstück 31 hin verschoben wird. Damit das bewegliche Kontaktstück 36 den Deckel 34 durchdringen kann, ist die Spitze 37 des beweglichen Kontaktstückes 36 kegelförmig ausgebildet mit einer Spitze 38. Das bewegliche Kontaktstück ist in diesem Falle mit Erde verbunden. Es ist nachzutragen, dass es insgesamt für jede Zu- bzw. Abführungsleitung pro Phase jeweils eine Kontaktstelle, wie sie in der Fig. 2 dargestellt ist, gibt. Über das bewegliche Kontaktstück 36 können die einzelnen Phasen an Erde geschaltet werden oder es kann ein Phasenkurzschluss erzeugt werden, der ebenfalls von einem übergeordneten Leistungsschalter abgeschaltet werden kann.The stationary contact piece 31 is associated with a movable contact piece 36 which is displaced in the direction of arrow P at a switch-on to the fixed contact piece 31 out. So that the movable contact piece 36 can penetrate the cover 34, the tip 37 of the movable contact piece 36 is conically formed with a tip 38. The movable contact piece is in this case connected to earth. It should be added that there is a contact point per phase, as shown in FIG. 2, for each supply or discharge line. About the movable contact piece 36, the individual phases can be connected to ground or it can be generated a phase short circuit, which can also be switched off by a higher-level power switch.
Zur Verbesserung des elektrischen Feldes ist das bewegliche Kontaktstück von einem Zylinderrohr 39 aus elektrisch leitendem Material umgeben, in dem das bewegliche Kontaktstück 36 gleitet; das dem feststehenden Kontaktstück 31 zugewandte Ende des Zylinderrohres 39 besitzt eine Umbördelung 40 nach außen, durch die das elektrische Feld im Bereich der Kontaktstelle gemäß Fig. 2 vergleichmäßigt wird.To improve the electric field, the movable contact piece is surrounded by a cylinder tube 39 of electrically conductive material in which the movable contact piece 36 slides; the fixed contact piece 31 facing the end of the cylinder tube 39 has a bead 40 to the outside, through which the electric field in the region of the contact point of FIG. 2 is made uniform.
Das bewegliche Kontaktstück 36 kann auch eine kreisförmige Bewegung ausführen. Zu diesem Zweck ist ein L-förmiger Arm 41 an einer Drehwelle 42 befestigt, welcher Arm 41 in ein bewegliches Kontaktstück 43 übergeht, welches dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 36 entspricht. Bei der Kontaktstelle gemäß Fig..3 ist eine Feldsteueranordnung wie die gemäß Fig. 2 nicht eingezeichnet.The movable contact piece 36 can also perform a circular movement. For this purpose, an L-shaped arm 41 is fixed to a rotary shaft 42, which arm 41 merges into a movable contact piece 43, which corresponds to the movable contact piece 36. At the contact point according to FIG. 3, a field control arrangement such as that shown in FIG. 2 is not shown.
Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 2 ist an der Stirnseite des Kontaktstückes 30 eine Kontakttulpe 31 befestigt; es besteht selbstverständlich auch die Möglichkeit, die Stirnseite des starren Leiters so auszubilden, dass sie mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück eine Kontaktstelle bildet, in dem beispielsweise eine kegelförmige Vertiefung in die Stirnseite eingebracht ist; bei einer anderen Ausgestaltung könnte die Stirnseite eben sein und die Spitze des beweglichen Kontaktstückes halbkugelförmig.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, a contact tulip 31 is fastened to the end face of the contact piece 30; Of course, there is also the possibility of the end face of the rigid conductor in such a way that it forms a contact point with the movable contact piece, in which, for example, a conical recess is introduced into the end face; in another embodiment, the front side could be flat and the tip of the movable contact piece hemispherical.
Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 3 ist der Leiter 30 von einem Zylinderrohr 44 umgeben, welches einen Boden 45 aufweist, dessen Dicke so gemessen ist, dass sie von dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 43, welches natürlich auch das Kontaktstück 36 sein kann, ohne weiteres durchschlagen werden kann.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the conductor 30 is surrounded by a cylindrical tube 44, which has a bottom 45 whose thickness is measured so that it can be easily penetrated by the movable contact piece 43, which of course may also be the contact piece 36 can.
Das Zylinderrohr 33, 44 kann beispielsweise aus wiederverwendbarem thermoplastischem Polymer hergestellt sein; der Deckel 34 kann aus einem weichen Material, wie z.B. Silikongummi bestehen, welches dem beweglichen Kontakt 36 ein Eindringen ins Innere des Zylinderrohres 33 gestattet. Die elektrisch leitende Beschichtung des Zylinderrohres ist auf der Innenseite vorgesehen, insbesondere dann, wenn die Ausgestaltungen des feststehenden Kontaktstückes konstruktiv einfach ausgebildet ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung ist anhand einer elektrischen Schaltanlage beschrieben; es besteht natürlich die Möglichkeit, die Erfindung auch in anderen Installationsanlagen einzubauen und einzusetzen.The cylinder tube 33, 44 may be made of, for example, reusable thermoplastic polymer; the lid 34 may be made of a soft material, such as silicone rubber, which allows the movable contact 36 to penetrate inside the cylinder tube 33. The electrically conductive coating of the cylinder tube is provided on the inside, in particular when the embodiments of the fixed contact piece is structurally simple. The embodiment of the invention is described with reference to an electrical switchgear; Of course, it is possible to install and use the invention in other installation systems.
Der Innenraum des Zylinders 33 bzw. 44, indem sich die Kontakttulpe 31 befindet, kann mit SF6-Gas -wie die Umgebung- oder auch mit flüssigem Isoliermaterial, wie Isolieröl und dergleichen befüllt sein.The interior of the cylinder 33 or 44, in which the contact tulip 31 is located, may be filled with SF6 gas, such as the ambient or else with liquid insulating material, such as insulating oil and the like.
Es besteht natürlich auch die Möglichkeit, die Erfindung bei solchem Kontaktanordnungen anzuwenden, die zwei feststehende Kontaktstücke aufweisen, die mit einem geeigneten beweglichen Kontaktstück zur Erzielung einer Kontaktschließung überbrückt werden können. Insoweit ist die Erfindung nicht beschränkt auf Kontaktanordnungen, wie sie in der Figur 2 oder der Figur 3 beschrieben sind.Of course, there is also the possibility of applying the invention to such contact assemblies having two fixed contacts that can be bridged with a suitable movable contact to achieve a contact closure. In that regard, the invention is not limited to contact arrangements, as described in Figure 2 or Figure 3.
Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 4 ist der Deckel in Form einer Klappe 50 ausgebildet, die aus verformbaren Material hergestellt ist und über eine Art Filmscharnier 51 am Zylinderrohr 52 fixiert ist; im Falle einer Kurzschließung wird die Klappe 50 von dem beweglichen Kontaktstück geöffnet und in die strichliert dargestellte Stellung 50a verschwenkt. Eine solche Anordnung ist insbesondere dann sinnvoll, wenn eine Kontakttulpe wie die Kontakttulpe 31 nicht vorhanden ist. Die Klappe kann auch als verschiebbare Platte ausgebildet sein, die durch das bewegliche Kontaktstück betätigt wird.In the embodiment of Figure 4, the lid is in the form of a flap 50 which is made of deformable material and is fixed via a kind of film hinge 51 on the cylinder tube 52; in the case of a short-circuit, the flap 50 is opened by the movable contact piece and pivoted to the position shown by dashed lines 50a. Such an arrangement is particularly useful when a contact tulip as the contact tulip 31 is not present. The flap may also be formed as a sliding plate which is actuated by the movable contact piece.
Der Begriff „isolierendes Material", durch das das bewegliche Kontaktstück hindurch greift, ist gleichbedeutend mit dem Begriff „Abschirmung", im Gegensatz zu dem Begriff „elektrische Abschirmung", die die Funktion einer Feldsteuerung besitzt. The term "insulating material" through which the movable contact engages is equivalent to the term "shield," as opposed to the term "electrical shield," which has the function of field control.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Kontaktanordnung für eine Kurzschließeinrichtung für eine Mittel- oder Hochspannungsschaltanlage (10), mit pro Phase je wenigstens einem mit Netzspannung (Hoch- oder Mittelspannung) verbundenen feststehenden Kontaktstück (31) und mit pro Phase je einem beweglichen Kontaktstück (36, 43), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ie- dem wenigstens einem feststehenden Kontaktstück (31 ) eine Abschirmung (34) aus isolierendem Material zugeordnet ist, das bei einer Einschalthandlung von dem beweglichen Kontaktstück (36, 43) zur Kontaktierung mit dem feststehenden Kontaktstück (31 ) durchdringbar ist, wobei die Abschirmung (34) zwischen dem feststehenden und dem beweglichen Kontaktstück (31 ; 36, 43) angeordnet ist.1. contact arrangement for a short-circuiting device for a medium or high voltage switchgear (10), per per phase at least one connected to mains voltage (high or medium voltage) fixed contact piece (31) and per per phase a movable contact piece (36, 43), characterized in that at least one fixed contact piece (31) is associated with a shielding (34) of insulating material, which is penetratable by the movable contact piece (36, 43) for contacting with the stationary contact piece (31) during a switch-on action, wherein the shield (34) is disposed between the fixed and movable contact pieces (31, 36, 43).
2. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens der im Bewegungsweg des beweglichen Kontaktstückes (36, 43) liegende Bereich des isolierenden Materials weich ist, so dass das Kontaktstück (10) das Material durchdringen kann.2. Contact arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least in the path of movement of the movable contact piece (36, 43) lying region of the insulating material is soft, so that the contact piece (10) can penetrate the material.
3. Kontaktanordnung nach Ansprüche 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das isolierende Material ein hartes Material ist, wobei der im Bewegungsweg des beweglichen Kontaktstückes (36, 43) liegende Bereich in seiner Dicke so bemessen ist, dass das bewegliche Kontaktstück (36, 43) diesen Abschnitt durchbricht.3. Contact arrangement according to claims 1, characterized in that the insulating material is a hard material, wherein in the path of movement of the movable contact piece (36, 43) lying region in its thickness is dimensioned such that the movable contact piece (36, 43) this Breaks through section.
4. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der im Bewegungsweg des beweglichen Kontaktstückes (36, 43) liegende Bereich aus Isoliermaterial als Tür oder Klappe (50) ausgebildet ist, die vom beweglichen Kontaktstück (36, 43) aufdrückbar ist.4. Contact arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that in the path of movement of the movable contact piece (36, 43) lying region of insulating material as a door or flap (50) is formed, which by the movable contact piece (36, 43) aufdrückbar.
5. Kontaktanordnung nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bewegliche Kontaktstück (36, 43) sich zum freien Ende hin verjüngt. 5. Contact arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (36, 43) tapers towards the free end.
6. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich das bewegliche Kontaktstück (36, 43) zum freien Ende hin sich kegelförmig verjüngend ausgebildet ist.6. Contact arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the movable contact piece (36, 43) is tapered conically towards the free end.
7. Kontaktanordnung nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spitze des beweglichen Kontaktstückes etwa halbkugelförmig gerundet ist.7. Contact arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tip of the movable contact piece is rounded approximately hemispherical.
8. Kontaktanordnung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das wenigstens eine feststehende Kontaktstück (31 ) von einem rohrför- migen Zylinder (33, 39,44,52) umgeben ist, an dem das durchdringbare Material angeordnet ist.8. Contact arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one fixed contact piece (31) by a rohrför- shaped cylinder (33, 39,44,52) is surrounded, on which the penetrable material is arranged.
9. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 9, mit einem feststehenden Kontaktstück, das am Ende eines starren Leiters (30) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der rohrförmige Zylinder (33, 39, 44, 52) den starren Leiter (30) und das feststehende Kontaktstück überragt und an seinem freien Ende von dem durchdringbaren isolierenden Material verschlossen ist.9. Contact arrangement according to claim 9, with a fixed contact piece, which is arranged at the end of a rigid conductor (30), characterized in that the tubular cylinder (33, 39, 44, 52) the rigid conductor (30) and the fixed contact piece surmounted and closed at its free end by the penetrable insulating material.
10. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Raum innerhalb des feststehenden rohrförmigen Zylinders (33, 39, 44, 52), in dem sich das feststehende Kontaktstück (31 ) befindet, mit isolierendem Fluid gefüllt ist.10. Contact arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the space within the fixed tubular cylinder (33, 39, 44, 52) in which the fixed contact piece (31) is filled with insulating fluid.
11. Kontaktanordnung (10) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Raum mit flüssigen Fluid, z.B. Islolieröl, gefüllt ist.11. Contact arrangement (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the space with liquid fluid, e.g. Islolieröl, filled.
12. Kontaktanordnung nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem isolierenden, dem feststehenden Kontaktstück zugeordneten Material eine elektrisch leitende Schicht als elektrische Abschirmung und/oder Feldsteuerung zugeordnet ist.12. Contact arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating, the fixed contact piece associated material is associated with an electrically conductive layer as an electrical shield and / or field control.
13. Kontaktanordnung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die e- lektrisch leitende Schicht wenigstens innerhalb oder außerhalb des rohrförmigen Zylinders (33, 35) angeordnet ist. 13. Contact arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the electrically conductive layer is arranged at least inside or outside of the tubular cylinder (33, 35).
14. Kontaktanordnung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bewegliche Kontaktstück (36, 43) an einem Schwenkhebel angebracht ist. 14. Contact arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable contact piece (36, 43) is attached to a pivot lever.
EP07702975.9A 2006-01-25 2007-01-24 Contact system for a short-circuiting device in a medium-voltage or high-voltage switchboard plant Active EP1977437B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102006003431 2006-01-25
DE102006033766A DE102006033766A1 (en) 2006-01-25 2006-07-21 Contact system for short-circuiting device in medium-voltage or high-voltage switchboard plant, has one stationary contact piece each per phase, connected to mains voltage, and one mobile contact piece each per phase
PCT/EP2007/000566 WO2007085425A1 (en) 2006-01-25 2007-01-24 Contact system for a short-circuiting device in a medium-voltage or high-voltage switchboard plant

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CN101375362A (en) 2009-02-25
US20090008229A1 (en) 2009-01-08
EP1977437B1 (en) 2015-07-01
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NO20083655L (en) 2008-08-25
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US7935907B2 (en) 2011-05-03
CN101375362B (en) 2012-09-05

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