EP1975059B1 - Submarine - Google Patents

Abstract

Submarine comprises an above-water navigation stand having a protection unit in the form of a peripheral inner lining (10). Preferred Features: The outer side of the inner lining forms a camouflage cap surface. The inner lining is formed by a number of plates (20) arranged next to each other in the vertical and horizontal direction and angled toward each other. The inner lining is fixed to the outer skin (8) of the submarine.

Description

The invention relates to a submarine with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

While it is usually difficult to locate a submerged submarine in submarine combat, submarines in submerged condition provide a relatively unprotected target. For this reason, it was customary in the past to protect the area of the submarine, which is above the waterline, from being protected from the shelling of other warships by armor. Such armor is for example DE 31 07 45 A out. Here a submarine is described, which has pockets in the region of the upper deck between the outer shell of the submarine and its pressure body, which are filled with a projectile attenuating mass, such as a tangle of wires. Such armor is unusual today. Instead, such as in DE 39 07 375 A1 described armor plates consisting of several layers of different sandwich composite materials, including polyamide and ceramic.

While the threat to surfaced submarines used to be primarily from other warships or airplanes, crew members outside the blast when submerged appear to be at significant risk today, especially when operating in coastal waters or navigating narrow waters, even when attacking with common handguns.

In submarine cruising, this is especially true for those who are in an overwater level of the submarine from which the submarine is then steered. This Überwasserfahrstand is usually located in submarines in the tower of the submarine, with people located there even for weapons poorly equipped attackers make an easy target.

Against this background, it is the object of the invention to provide a submarine boat, which provides the crew with a better protection when sailing over.

This object is achieved by a submarine with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.

The submarine according to the invention has an overwater control station which is located above the water surface when the submarine has surfaced and is typically arranged in the front, upper area of a tower of the submarine. In order to protect the persons located in the overwater driving position during a trip over a possible fire, the overwater control system advantageously has a ballistic protection in the form of a circumferential inner lining.

Accordingly, at least the side walls of the Überwasserfahrstands to the environment of the submarine are at least double-walled, wherein the outer wall of the Überwasserfahrstands is formed as usual of the outer skin of the submarine and in addition an inner wall of the inner lining is formed. The interior trim is designed to be ballistic projectiles stops, meaning that they can not be penetrated by these projectiles.

Here, the material or materials and the wall thickness of the inner lining are chosen so that the inner lining forms a ballistic protection that meets at least the requirements of the NATO standard STANAG 4569 Level 3, N = 50 specified protection class. In this way, the crew members of a submarine, which are in the Überwasser stand, for example, protected against steel shell projectiles, although in a simple way can penetrate the fiberglass-reinforced plastic or steel outer skin or outer wall of the underwater control, then be stopped by the Innverkleidung.

In particular, when the outer skin of the submarine surrounding the inner lining is made of sonar-permeable glass fiber reinforced plastic, an advantageous development of the invention provides that the outer side of the inner lining forms a camouflage cap surface.

Here, the environment of the submarine facing the outside of the inner lining is formed such that incident on the outside of the inner lining location waves, in particular emitted by a sonar sound waves are scattered and attenuated on the outer surface of the inner lining so that only a small proportion and at best no locating waves are reflected directly to the locating source.

Preferably, the outer side of the inner lining consists of a plurality of each angled aligned surface sections. Such an outer surface of the inner lining of the Überwasserfahrstands is preferably created by the fact that the inner lining is formed by a plurality of vertically and horizontally juxtaposed plates, these plates are each aligned with each other angled.

This embodiment has the advantage that with flat and thus relatively inexpensive to produce plates an uneven outer surface of the inner lining is created, with the desired stealth or stealth properties can be realized. Another advantage of the use of plates is that when an area of the interior trim has been damaged, for example, by fire, not all the interior trim but only the affected panel (s) need to be replaced.

The inner lining is preferably attached to the outer skin of the submarine. For this purpose, on the inside of the outer skin of a preferably made of fiber composites existing support structure is provided on which the inner lining or the inner lining forming plates are attached. Advantageously, the inner lining is arranged at a distance from the inside of the outer skin.

So that the weight of the inner lining of the overwater control does not affect the performance of the submarine in an undesirable manner, the inner lining is made of the lightest possible materials. In order to simultaneously achieve the required properties in terms of bullet resistance, the inner lining is expediently constructed in multiple layers, wherein a ceramic layer both outside and inside of a CFK layer (CFK = carbon fiber reinforced plastic) is surrounded. In this case, preferably several ceramic plates are bonded between two layers of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, wherein the outer, ie the outer skin facing CFK layer prevents splintering of the ceramic plates and the inner CFK layer stress cracks in the ceramic plates.

In a preferred production step, the embedding of the ceramic plates takes place between those in CFRP layers by placing the ceramic plates on a first carbon fiber mat impregnated in epoxy resin and then covering them with a second carbon fiber mat likewise impregnated in epoxy resin. Subsequently, this composite is pressed under vacuum and cured.

With regard to the bullet resistance to be achieved, it has also proven to be particularly advantageous if a layer of modified polyethylene is arranged on the inside CFRP layer. This layer is preferably made of such high tensile strength polyethylene fibers as are used, for example, for making ropes in climbing and water sports. Conveniently, the layer of modified polyethylene is adhered to the inside CFK layer by means of an epoxy resin-based adhesive.

Fig. 1

einen Teilbereich eines Turms eines Unterseeboots mit einem darin angeordneten Überwasserfahrstand in einer Draufsicht

Fig. 2

den Teilbereich des Turms gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht,

Fig. 3

den Teilbereich des Turms gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Rückansicht sowie

Fig. 4

den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Platte für eine Innenverkleidung eines Überwasserfahrstands in einer Querschnittsdarstellung

The invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1

a partial area of a tower of a submarine with an overwater control station arranged therein in a plan view

Fig. 2

the sub-area of the tower according to Fig. 1 in a side view,

Fig. 3

the sub-area of the tower according to Fig. 1 in a rear view as well

Fig. 4

the basic structure of a plate for an interior lining of a Überwasserfahrstands in a cross-sectional view

The Fig. 1 to 3 show a front in the direction of travel, upper area of a tower 2 of a submarine. In this area is arranged as a kind of command bridge a Überwasserfahrstand of the submarine, from which the submarine is controlled in case of overwater travel. The upper end of the tower 2 is not covered in this area, so that a person located in the Überwasserfahrstand person 4, which is located on a in the tower 2 from the upper end in the direction of the pressure hull of the submarine spaced stand area 6, at the upper end of the tower 2 can look out of this while controlling the submarine by means of a control device, which is not shown in the figures, arranged in the overhead control station.

The outer wall of the Überwasserfahrstands is formed by an outer skin 8 covering the tower 2. This is a thin-walled cladding made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. In addition, in the region of the overwater control station, an inner lining 10 surrounding this at least on the front and longitudinal sides is provided. The inner panel 10 is spaced from the outer skin 8 towards the interior of the overhead drive, but is merged with the outer skin 8 at the upper end of the tower 2. Together, the outer skin 8 and the inner lining 10 form a closed parapet surrounding the over-water level, which extends approximately to the level of the breast of an average person 4 standing in the overwater standing position. In order to protect a person located in the Überwasserfahrstand 4 from splashing a diaphragm 12 is mounted above the front in the direction of travel of the submarine area of this parapet.

The inner lining 10 forms a front inner wall 14 and two lateral inner walls 16 and 18, wherein the inner walls 14, 16 and 18 are each constructed in several parts. For this purpose, the inner walls 14, 16 and 18 a plurality of adjacent in both the vertical and in the horizontal direction adjacent plates 20, of which only in Fig. 2 a plate 20 is formed which forms part of the lateral inner wall 16.

As in the Fig. 1 to 3 can be seen, the plates 20 are joined together at both the front inner wall 14 and on the lateral inner walls 16 and 18 of the inner panel 10 at an angle to each other and form each Tarnkappenoberflächen by the individual plates 20 both at their horizontal and their vertical abutting edges adjacent plates 20 are aligned angled to each other.

To form a ballistic protection of the inner lining 10, the plates 20 are constructed in multiple layers. The structure of such a plate 20 is Fig. 4 can be seen in starting from the outer skin 8 facing side of the inner lining 10, a first layer 22 made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, one of several ceramic plates 24 ', 24 "ceramic layer 24, another layer 26 made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic and finally to Überwasserfahrstand a final Layer 28 are provided from modified polyethylene.

Shot tests have shown the excellent bombardment resistance of such panels 20 and concomitantly the interior trim 10 of the overwater control stand. In addition, the good seawater suitability of these plates should be emphasized 20, since the materials used, if at all, tend only to a negligible water absorption and are connected to seawater-resistant adhesive bonds by means of adhesives on Epoxidharz-base good.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

tower

4

person

6

footprint

8th

shell

10

interior panelling

12

cover

14

inner wall

16

inner wall

18

inner wall

20

plate

22

CFRP layer

24

ceramic layer

24 ', 24 "

ceramic plate

26

CFRP layer

28

layer

Claims (6)

1. A submarine with an above-water travel-stand, characterised in that the above-water travel-stand has a ballistics protection in the form of a peripheral inner casing (10).
2. A submarine according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer side of the inner casing (10) forms a stealth surface.
3. A submarine according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner casing (10) is formed by a multitude of plates (20) which are arranged next to one another in the vertical and horizontal direction, and which are in each case aligned angled to one another.
4. A submarine according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner casing (10) is fastened on the outer skin (8) of the submarine.
5. A submarine according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner casing (10) is constructed of several layers, wherein a ceramic layer (24) is surrounded on the outer side as well as on the inner side by a CFK-layer (22, 26).
6. A submarine according to claim 5, characterised in that a layer (28) of modified polyethylene is arranged on the inner-side CFK-layer (26).

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