EP1974363B1 - Schalter zum abschalten eines generator-schutzschalters einer kompaktstruktur - Google Patents

Schalter zum abschalten eines generator-schutzschalters einer kompaktstruktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1974363B1
EP1974363B1 EP07726196A EP07726196A EP1974363B1 EP 1974363 B1 EP1974363 B1 EP 1974363B1 EP 07726196 A EP07726196 A EP 07726196A EP 07726196 A EP07726196 A EP 07726196A EP 1974363 B1 EP1974363 B1 EP 1974363B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
contacts
circuit
axis
breaker
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Active
Application number
EP07726196A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1974363A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marc Willieme
François Biquez
Denis Frigiere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Grid SAS
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Application filed by Alstom Grid SAS filed Critical Alstom Grid SAS
Publication of EP1974363A1 publication Critical patent/EP1974363A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrical equipment equipping the energy evacuation devices of generators in power generation plants.
  • the invention relates to the arrangement of the different breaking elements so that the generator circuit breakers are of more compact structure.
  • the invention relates to an alternator circuit breaker coupled to a disconnector in which the different relative movements between contacts are on axes or in intersecting planes.
  • a safety option is to have a circuit breaker to isolate the circuit before the transformer connected to a power line.
  • This type of switchgear under a voltage of the order of 15 kV to 36 kV, then performs the functions of passing strong permanent current (of the order of several thousand amperes) and breaking high fault current. (of the order of tens of thousands of amperes), while isolating the circuit.
  • the cut is performed in two stages by two switches in parallel, one permitting the passage of permanent nominal current and the other ensuring the breaking of the current of short circuit, thus defining a "main circuit” and an "auxiliary circuit".
  • the alternator breaking devices thus suffer from power constraints that do not allow the same designs to be applied to the arrangement. and the actuation of the different elements.
  • the main circuit switch contacts for these alternator circuit breakers are large enough to withstand high nominal currents without overheating, and they define a relatively large volume.
  • the cut-off switch conventionally comprises a bulb of reduced dimensions, disposed inside this volume and comprising movable arcing contacts relative to each other, which in fact only support the breaking current of the breaker.
  • the contacts of the two switches extend in the same longitudinal direction and are displaced in translation parallel to this direction; the main contacts first deviate and travel a sufficient distance before the current switches on the arcing contacts, which then open and cause the interruption of the current.
  • the alternator circuit breaker also includes a disconnector, which has no breaking capacity: it opens only when the circuit breaker is open and therefore when the current no longer passes through the circuit.
  • a disconnector which has no breaking capacity: it opens only when the circuit breaker is open and therefore when the current no longer passes through the circuit.
  • the invention aims to make the alternator circuit breakers more compact while retaining their properties.
  • the invention relates in one of its aspects to an alternator disconnecting circuit breaker comprising a switching switch, for example a circuit breaker, in parallel with a cut-off switch, for example a vacuum chamber, and a switch. section, advantageously in series with the cut-off switch; each of the switches comprises a pair of movable contacts relative to each other along a respective axis or by rotation about a pivot, for example by means of an actuating bar coupled to actuating means.
  • the circuit breaker further comprises synchronization means making it possible, during a switching off, separating successively and in this order the contacts of the switching switch, then of the cut-off switch, then of the disconnector; preferably, the synchronization means also make it possible to successively close the contacts in the reverse order.
  • the same control means comprise these synchronization means and allow, by a single command, the implementation of each of the elements.
  • the axes of the switches are not parallel to each other.
  • the contacts of each of the three switches are animated with a translational movement relative to a respective axis, two of the axes being secant, preferably with the breaking switch disposed at right angles by relative to the switch and the disconnect switch.
  • the first and second switches comprise movable contacts in translation along intersecting axes, the contacts of the disconnector being able to move in the plane defined by them or in an orthogonal plane for example.
  • the isolator switch is associated with an isolator, wholly or partially, to add an arc insertion function in series with the cutoff switch.
  • the means synchronization are adapted so that the main contacts are first separated, and the disconnector is slightly open so that an arc occurs when opening the vacuum chamber that intervenes immediately.
  • the isolator is then fully open: the isolator is present to protect the other parts of the electric arc.
  • FIG. figure 1 The operating principle of a circuit breaker, and in particular of an alternator circuit breaker according to the invention, is shown schematically in FIG. figure 1 , with a main circuit in which circulates in operation an intensity I 0 close to the rated current I, and an auxiliary circuit solicited for the short-circuit break.
  • the passage of a current I with a rated current greater than several thousand amperes requires the use on the main circuit of a switch 10 whose contacts are particularly conductive, for example copper ; their breaking capacity is however limited because of the generation of electric arcs.
  • a second switch 20 is connected in parallel with the first 10 in order to perform the actual cutoff function, the opening of the first switch 10 actually switching the current I of the main circuit on this auxiliary circuit; the contacts of this second switch 20, for example tungsten, are of limited performance with respect to the passage of the rated current I, but have a high breaking capacity.
  • the functions of transmission of the permanent current and short circuit break are separated: in case of bias, the first switch 10 is first activated, the current I then completely passes through the auxiliary circuit and causes the opening the second switch 20 to obtain the cutoff function.
  • a third switch 30 is then open: its function is mainly a safety function, its association on the auxiliary circuit to avoid a dielectric strength drop of the second switch 20 which could accidentally allow the passage of current in the branch associated.
  • the disconnector 30 is first closed, then the cut-off switch 20, and finally the first switch 10.
  • Each of the switches 10, 20, 30 comprises a pair of movable contacts with respect to each other; advantageously, the first contact 12, 22, 32 of each pair is fixed, and the second contact 14, 24, 34 is movable relative to the first. According to a first embodiment illustrated in figure 2 each of the movable contacts moves in translation along a respective axis AA, BB, CC.
  • the first switch 10 may be of the gas type; it can also, especially if the nominal current is very high, itself be a switching device comprising two switches in parallel with each other.
  • the first switch 10 is a switch in the air comprising a first tubular contact 12 in which can be inserted a second tubular contact 14 as well.
  • the actuation of this first switch 10 can be carried out by any known means, in particular control means 40 activating an actuating bar 42 coupled to the movable contact 14 in translation.
  • the second switch 20 may be a gas circuit breaker SF 6 type; preferably, since the current I - I 0 passing through it is weak in normal operation, it is a vacuum interrupter: this makes it possible to avoid the use of sulfur hexafluoride which does not fulfill all the criteria ecological, and reduces costs.
  • the movable contact 24 of the second switch 20 is moved by means of an actuating bar 44 movable along the axis BB.
  • the third switch 30 may, according to one embodiment, comprise a fixed contact 32 in which can be inserted another movable contact 34 along the axis CC opening / closing, the rod type.
  • the rod 34 can be moved by means of a bar 46 in translation.
  • control means 40 allow the displacement of the first 14, second 24 and third 34 movable contacts.
  • control means 40 are operatively connected to each of the actuators 42, 44, 46, and comprise synchronizing means 50 for deferring the relative openings of the switches 10, 20, 30.
  • each actuating bar 42, 44, 46 of this embodiment moves in translation and is integral with the same control means 40
  • the three axes AA, BB, CC of opening / closing are not necessarily parallel, at least one being intersecting the first axis AA for example.
  • the synchronization means 50 may thus for example comprise, on the actuating bar 42 of the first switch 10, a generally longitudinal groove 52 along the axis AA of the bar but comprising an oblique part, the groove being associated with a element of the lug type 54 secured to the second actuating bar 44, so that, at first, during the movement of the first movable contact 14, the position of the lug 54 remains stable, then, in a second step, the lug 54 is displaced so as to move the second mobile contact 24 away from the second fixed contact 22.
  • the synchronization means 50 may comprise a system similar to the previous one 52, 54 to delay the opening of the disconnector 30 with respect to the breaking switch 20; it is however preferable that the synchronization means 50 are directly associated between the first and third switches 10, 30.
  • the synchronization means 50 comprise a lever arm 56 coupled to an end portion at the third movable contact 34 and the pivot axis is associated with a groove 58 located in the actuating bar 46 of the third switch 30: the actuating rods 42, 46 of the first and third switches 10, 30 are moved jointly by the actuating means 40, but a delay in the displacement of the third contact 34 is generated by the latency before the pivoting of the lever 56.
  • the section switch 30 ' can operate on another principle of the type "knife disconnector".
  • the main switch 10 ' comprises two relatively translational movable contacts 12', 14 'disposed in an envelope such as a 200 mm diameter tube; in an operating position illustrated in figure 3A , the alternator current I 0 flows in this main circuit (see arrow).
  • the two contacts 12 ', 14' separate: the actuation is performed by means of a bar 42 '.
  • current I retains its main path, but an arc is formed, covering the distance between the two contacts 12 ', 14' of the switch 10 '; then, the interruption on the main circuit is completed ( figure 3C ), and the current flows only on the auxiliary circuit, the delay means 50 'having delayed the opening of the contacts 22', 24 'of the breaking switch 20'.
  • the dielectric distance on the main circuit makes it possible to hold the transient recovery voltage, that is to say that the bar actuator 42 'moves about half of its total stroke before opening the vacuum chamber 20'.
  • the two relatively moving contacts 22 ', 24' of the breaking chamber 20 ' move in translation along an axis orthogonal to the translation axis of the first switch 10': 3D figure .
  • the displacement of the two contacts 22 ', 24' is effected by means of an actuating bar 44 'orthogonal to the bar 42', integral with the latter via the delay means 50 ', for example by means of a lug 54 'moving in a groove 52' of the first actuating bar 42 '.
  • the switch 30 'section is not solicited by the delay means 50'.
  • the fixed contact 32 'of the disconnector 30' is integral with the fixed contact 12 'of the first switch; the second contact 34 'of the disconnector 30' is relatively movable by pivoting about an axis 36 '.
  • the actuating means 46 'of the contacts 32', 34 'of this switch 30' are integral with the first bar 42 '; moreover, at the pivot 36 ', the movable contact 34' comprises delay means 56 'in the form of a groove complementary to a lug of the actuating bar 46' but allowing relative movement before driving by the bar 46 'of the contact 34' in rotation about its axis 36 ': finally, as illustrated in figure 3F , the section is completed.
  • the disconnector 30 ' can also move in a "horizontal" plane, that is to say, in the frame shown, by pivoting about a parallel axis 36' at one of the translation axes of the contacts of the other two switches 10 ', 20'.
  • the disconnector 30 it is possible to position the disconnector 30 in an insulator 38, or a screen, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 for a circuit breaker according to the first embodiment.
  • the isolator 38 may be fixed or integral with the rod 34 of the disconnector 30; it allows to insert by the disconnector 30 an arc in series with the vacuum chamber 20 and to prevent it from degenerating to earth.
  • This alternative is particularly interesting in the case of break with very long arc durations (case of delayed zero power cuts), and improves the breaking capacity.
  • the disconnector 30 is slightly open when the vacuum chamber 20 is opened, with the creation of an arc at its level once the main contacts 10 are separated.
  • the vacuum chamber 20 is in this case less stressed, the insulator 34 to protect it, as well as the other parts of the circuit breaker, the electric arc.
  • alternator disconnecting circuit breakers according to the invention thus benefit from a reduced length relative to their height, which has the effect of advantage of reducing the size of such circuit breakers for easier transport.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Leistungstrennschalter für Wechselstromgeneratoren, enthaltend:
    - einen ersten Schalter (10), bei dem es sich um einen Schaltunterbrecher handelt und der ein erstes Paar von Kontaktstücken (12, 14) aufweist, die entlang einer ersten Achse (AA) translatorisch zueinander verschiebbar sind;
    - einen zweiten Schalter (20), bei dem es sich um einen Trenner handelt und der ein zweites Paar von Kontaktstücken (22, 24) aufweist, die entlang einer zweiten Achse (BB) translatorisch zueinander verschiebbar sind, wobei der zweite Schalter (20) mit dem ersten Schalter (10) parallel geschaltet ist;
    - einen dritten Schalter (30), bei dem es sich um einen Streckenschalter handelt und der ein drittes Paar von Kontaktstücken (32, 34) aufweist, die entlang einer dritten Achse (CC) translatorisch zueinander verschiebbar sind;
    - Synchronisationsmittel (50), die bei einer Abschaltung die Trennung der Kontaktstücke des ersten Schalters (10) vor der Trennung der Kontaktstücke des zweiten Schalters (20) gestatten, die sich ihrerseits trennen, bevor die dritten Kontaktstücke (32, 34) vollständig getrennt sind; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Achse (BB) die erste Achse (AA) schneidet.
  2. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1, wobei die dritte Achse (CC) im wesentlichen parallel zur ersten Achse (AA) verläuft.
  3. Leistungstrennschalter für Wechselstromgeneratoren, enthaltend:
    - einen ersten Schalter (10), bei dem es sich um einen Schaltunterbrecher handelt und der ein erstes Paar von Kontaktstücken (12', 14') aufweist, die entlang einer ersten Achse (AA) translatorisch zueinander verschiebbar sind;
    - einen zweiten Schalter (20'), bei dem es sich um einen Trenner handelt und der ein zweites Paar von Kontaktstücken (22', 24') aufweist, die entlang einer zweiten Achse (BB) translatorisch zueinander verschiebbar sind, wobei der zweite Schalter (20') mit dem ersten Schalter (10') parallel geschaltet ist;
    - einen dritten Schalter (30'), bei dem es sich um einen Streckenschalter handelt und der ein drittes Paar von Kontaktstücken (32', 34') aufweist, die zueinander verschiebbar sind;
    - Synchronisationsmitel (50'), die bei einer Abschaltung die Trennung der Kontaktstücke des ersten Schalters (10') vor der Trennung der Kontaktstücke des zweiten Schalters (20') gestatten, die sich ihrerseits trennen, bevor die dritten Kontaktstücke (32', 34') vollständig getrennt sind; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Achse (BB) die erste Achse (AA) schneidet.
  4. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Kontaktstücke des dritten Paares (32', 34') durch Verschwenken um eine Achse (36') zueinander beweglich sind.
  5. Leistungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei der dritte Schalter (30, 30') in Reihe mit dem zweiten Schalter (20, 20') geschaltet ist und die Gesamtheit parallel mit dem ersten Schalter (10, 10') geschaltet ist.
  6. Leistungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die zweite Achse (BB) einen Winkel im wesentlichen gleich 90° mit der ersten Achse (AA) einschließt.
  7. Leistungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei einem Paar von Kontaktstücken eine Betätigungsstange (42, 44, 46) zugeordnet ist, die unter der Wirkung von Steuermitteln (40) beweglich ist.
  8. Leistungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, enthaltend Steuermittel (40), welche die Synchronisationsmittel (50) aufweisen, um die Trennung der Kontaktpaare aufzuschieben, wobei die Steuermittel (40) einzig für die drei Schalter (10, 20, 30) sind.
  9. Leistungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Synchronisationsmittel (50) dazu ausgelegt sind, die Kontaktstücke des ersten Schalters (10), dann die des zweiten Schalters (20) und dann die des dritten Schalters (30) in dieser Reihenfolge zu trennen.
  10. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Synchronisationsmittel (50) dazu ausgelegt sind, die Kontaktstücke der Schalter (10, 20, 30) in umgekehrter Reihenfolge zu ihrer Trennung nacheinander wieder zu schließen.
  11. Leistungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei der zweite Schalter (20, 20') eine Vakuumröhre ist.
  12. Leistungsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei der zweite Schalter (20, 20') eine Vakuumkammer ist und der dritte Schalter (30) einen Isolator bzw. eine Abschirmung (38) aufweist, so dass in Reihe mit der Vakuumkammer (20) ein Lichtbogen eingesetzt wird.
  13. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Synchronisationsmittel (50) die Trennung der Kontaktstücke des ersten Schalters (10) vor einer teilweisen Trennung der Kontaktstücke des dritten Schalters (30) gestatten, so dass ein Lichtbogen erzeugt wird, der quasi gleichzeitig mit der Trennung der Kontaktstücke des zweiten Schalters (20) entsteht, wobei die Synchronisationsmittel dann die vollständige Trennung der dritten Kontaktstücke (32, 34) gestatten.
EP07726196A 2006-01-17 2007-01-15 Schalter zum abschalten eines generator-schutzschalters einer kompaktstruktur Active EP1974363B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0650156A FR2896336B1 (fr) 2006-01-17 2006-01-17 Disjoncteur sectionneur d'alternateur de structure compacte
PCT/EP2007/050318 WO2007110251A1 (fr) 2006-01-17 2007-01-15 Disjoncteur sectionneur d'alternateur de structure compacte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1974363A1 EP1974363A1 (de) 2008-10-01
EP1974363B1 true EP1974363B1 (de) 2012-05-30

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EP07726196A Active EP1974363B1 (de) 2006-01-17 2007-01-15 Schalter zum abschalten eines generator-schutzschalters einer kompaktstruktur

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US (1) US8081407B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1974363B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101375360B (de)
FR (1) FR2896336B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2007110251A1 (de)

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FR2946790B1 (fr) 2009-06-10 2011-07-01 Areva T & D Sa Contact pour ampoule a vide a moyenne tension a coupure d'arc amelioree, ampoule a vide et disjoncteur, tel qu'un disjoncteur sectionneur d'alternateur associes.
FR2946792A1 (fr) 2009-06-10 2010-12-17 Areva T & D Sa Enroulement pour contact d'ampoule a vide a moyenne tension a endurance amelioree, ampoule a vide et disjoncteur, tel qu'un disjoncteur sectionneur d'alternateur associes.
FR2946791B1 (fr) 2009-06-10 2011-09-23 Areva T & D Sa Contact pour ampoule a vide a moyenne tension a structure renforcee, ampoule a vide et disjoncteur, tel qu'un disjoncteur sectionneur d'alternateur associes.
ES2447370T3 (es) * 2009-12-29 2014-03-11 Abb Technology Ag Disyuntor de media tensión
CN102420072B (zh) * 2011-08-12 2015-04-15 王永法 一种三相共体的真空灭弧室
FR2985081B1 (fr) 2011-12-21 2015-03-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Dispositif de protection contre les particules engendrees par un arc electrique de commutation
GB201200331D0 (en) * 2012-01-09 2012-02-22 Dialight Europ Ltd Improvements in switching contactors (II)
FR2996352B1 (fr) 2012-10-02 2014-10-31 Alstom Technology Ltd Dispositif de contact electrique de type doigt de contact a fort courant nominal
FR2999331B1 (fr) * 2012-12-12 2019-05-31 Alstom Technology Ltd Appareillage de coupure de courant ameliore
US9054530B2 (en) 2013-04-25 2015-06-09 General Atomics Pulsed interrupter and method of operation
EP3217413B1 (de) * 2014-11-07 2019-01-09 Gorlan Team, S.L.U. Elektrischer schalter mit hohem thermischen wirkungsgrad und verfahren zur stromunterbrechung
WO2016116351A1 (en) * 2015-01-19 2016-07-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Improved high voltage circuit breaker
DE102017206746A1 (de) * 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung und Verfahren zum parallelen Schalten hoher Ströme in der Hochspannungstechnik
DE102017206749A1 (de) * 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung und Verfahren zum Schalten hoher Ströme in der Hochspannungstechnik
US10672573B1 (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-06-02 EMA Electromechanis, Inc. Gas insulated grounding switch
US10784063B1 (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-09-22 EMA Electromechanics, Inc. Air insulated grounding switch

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007110251A1 (fr) 2007-10-04
EP1974363A1 (de) 2008-10-01
FR2896336A1 (fr) 2007-07-20
FR2896336B1 (fr) 2009-04-03
CN101375360B (zh) 2012-07-18
US20100220417A1 (en) 2010-09-02
CN101375360A (zh) 2009-02-25
US8081407B2 (en) 2011-12-20

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