EP1972722B1 - Lock gate - Google Patents

Lock gate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1972722B1
EP1972722B1 EP08356049.0A EP08356049A EP1972722B1 EP 1972722 B1 EP1972722 B1 EP 1972722B1 EP 08356049 A EP08356049 A EP 08356049A EP 1972722 B1 EP1972722 B1 EP 1972722B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plating
webs
lock gate
web
gate according
Prior art date
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Application number
EP08356049.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1972722A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Alexandre Cardis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Renewable Technologies SAS
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Alstom Renewable Technologies Wind BV
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Publication of EP1972722A1 publication Critical patent/EP1972722A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E02B7/20—Movable barrages; Lock or dry-dock gates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E04C3/083—Honeycomb girders; Girders with apertured solid web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/11—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with non-parallel upper and lower edges, e.g. roof trusses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/38—Arched girders or portal frames
    • E04C3/40—Arched girders or portal frames of metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sluice gate for supporting a pressure exerted by a liquid on all or part of its surface.
  • Lock gate means a generally flat structure capable of retaining a free surface liquid.
  • a lock gate When in use, a lock gate separates a downstream basin from an upstream basin in which the liquid to be retained is located. This liquid submits the lock gate to a distributed pressure varying with time and distance at the bottom of the door.
  • a lock gate therefore works in fatigue since it undergoes cyclic stresses.
  • some doors, such as rolling doors, rising or lowering, work mainly in bending, both in a vertical direction and in a horizontal direction.
  • the structure of known lock gates generally comprises a globally flat plating sheet and located on the downstream side and several webs or webs extending horizontally along the plating sheet, each core being secured to this sheet to take back the constraints suffered. Indeed, the hydraulic pressure exerted on the door is generally transmitted to two vertical uprights located respectively on each side of the door, which implies the installation of horizontal webs along the plating sheet. These souls may have a solid or lattice structure.
  • a conventional lock gate generally comprises secondary horizontal stiffeners parallel to the webs as well as vertical stiffeners to ensure the vertical rigidity of the structure. Some of the vertical stiffeners may have a widening web shape downward of the structure.
  • the horizontal webs, the secondary horizontal stiffeners and the vertical stiffeners are welded to the plating sheet in order to take up the constraints that the latter undergoes.
  • souls solid must themselves be provided with longitudinal and transverse stiffeners to avoid veiling in a vertical direction.
  • the structure of a conventional door therefore has the disadvantage of requiring a large number of welds which form between them as many weld crossings.
  • weld crosses weaken the structure when it works in fatigue, as is the case of the lock gates.
  • the transverse welds which extend in a substantially vertical direction, are poorly resistant to variations in the stresses according to the height of the liquid and particularly to the differences between the stresses exerted above and those exerted below the free surface of the liquid.
  • DE-C-845 329 describes a sluice gate, each leaf of which consists of superimposed boxes.
  • the middle part of each box is hollow so as to house a tubular support on which are fixed pipes intended to evacuate the air present in the boxes during the openings and / or closures of the lock.
  • the upper and lower parts of each box have a relatively thick plate for sealing with the adjacent box.
  • Sluice gate for supporting a pressure exerted by a liquid
  • the door comprising a generally flat plating sheet, a plurality of thin cores extending along the plating sheet and substantially parallel to each other, each core being secured to the plating sheet, each core having, on the opposite side to the plating sheet, a curved edge in a plane transverse to the plating sheet, each core widening towards its center and narrowing towards its ends, the door comprising at least one stiffener extending through recesses belonging respectively to several souls.
  • the structure of these caissons, in particular of these plates and of this tubular support is not designed to withstand the mechanical stresses in flexion and fatigue which are exerted on the current lock gates of rising, lowering types. or rolling.
  • the present invention is more particularly to overcome these disadvantages by providing a lock gate whose structure requires fewer welds and is more resistant to flexion and fatigue than those of known doors.
  • the invention relates to a sluice gate according to claim 1.
  • the structure of the door requires more or very few transverse welds, so that its fatigue resistance is improved.
  • the horizontal webs take more stress, which improves the bending strength of the door.
  • the figure 1 shows a plane structure able to form a lock gate.
  • This door comprises a shell plate 1 generally flat and intended to be placed on the downstream side of the door.
  • the outer face of the plating sheet 1, facing towards the rear of the figure 1 is intended to be turned towards a downstream basin.
  • the plating sheet 1 has a length L substantially corresponding to the width of the channel to be controlled in the case of a lifting, lowering or rolling lock gate.
  • the door also comprises two lateral uprights 61 and 62, located respectively at each lateral end of the plating sheet 1.
  • the uprights 61 and 62 extend parallel to an axis Z, which coincides with a generally vertical direction when the door is installed. in the lock.
  • the uprights 61 and 62 consist of generally rectangular plates, narrow and mounted perpendicularly to the plating sheet 1.
  • the uprights 61 and 62 are formed integrally with the plating sheet 1, for example by means of a bending or welding operation at each lateral end of the plating sheet 1.
  • the lock gate is a lifting gate, that is to say that it is raised to allow the communication of upstream and downstream basins.
  • hooking elements 51 and 52 are provided on each side of the structure to allow to fix the lock gate on a lift mechanism known per se and which is not described.
  • the hooking elements 51 and 52 are formed by square section sections extending perpendicularly to the uprights 61 and 62.
  • the sluice gate furthermore comprises sixteen thin and flat webs which extend between the uprights 61 and 62, substantially parallel to each other and in a horizontal plane, that is to say in a plane perpendicular to the axis. Z.
  • the number of souls belonging to the door depends in particular on the height of the door and it can be understood for example between twelve and twenty.
  • the cores 2 are here formed by flat plates and identical to each other. They can each have a thickness of between 10 mm and 100 mm, depending on the pressure that must bear the door.
  • Each core 2 is secured to the plating sheet 1 by means of two weld lines L 1 and L 2 extending over a substantial portion, and preferably over the entire length L of the plating sheet 1 and 2.
  • each core 2 is welded at its ends to each post 61 or 62.
  • the welds are sized to withstand the stresses when the liquid exerts pressure on the door. lock.
  • each core 2 has a rectilinear profile so as to match the flat shape of the plating sheet 1.
  • each core 2 has an edge B 2 which has a generally curved profile in a horizontal plane XY and perpendicular to the plating sheet 1. This profile is defined so that a core 2 widens, in the direction Y, towards its middle and is shrinks to its ends. This makes it possible to give the core good flexural strength in the Y direction.
  • each core 2 has a parabolic B 2 edge with a width l at its center of 2.8 m, a width l 'to near its ends of 60 cm and a length L of about 25 m. The ratio l / l is thus between 0.15 and 0.3.
  • the door On the opposite side to the plating sheet 1, the door comprises several flanges 3, consisting of thin strips of sheet metal, which extend vertically on the edges B 2 of the webs 2 and horizontally between the uprights 61 and 62. Each flange 3 is secured to a pair of superposed souls 2 so as to stiffen them and to distribute the stresses between them.
  • the soles 3 may for example be welded to the cores 2 by means of weld lines L 3 and L 4 extending along each of the edges B 2 of these cores, or on a substantial part of these edges. Alternatively, a sole may be welded to a single core, three souls or more than three souls.
  • the assembly formed by two cores 2 or more, a sole 3 and the wall of the plating sheet 1 defines a beam structuring the lock gate and contributing to its mechanical strength.
  • the souls 2 associated with a sole 3 are spaced two by two by a distance d 1 of 80 cm.
  • the distance d 1 can be between 50 cm and 2.5 m depending on the height of the door and the thickness of the souls. This helps to give the door good mechanical strength.
  • two neighboring beams are spaced a distance d 2 which can also be between 50 cm and 2.5 m.
  • the plating sheet 1, the cores 2, the uprights 61 and 62 and the flanges 3 consist of at least one metal having good mechanical properties and good weldability, such as the structural steel of grade S355J2.
  • the soles 3 Insofar as a sole 3 matches the edge B 2 of each core 2, the soles 3 also have a generally parabolic profile, which makes it possible to obtain a compression force supported by the sole 3 which is practically constant along the webs 2 and compensating the shear force exerted in each section of a sole 3 except, possibly, at level of its lateral ends. Curved profiles other than parabolic can be used to achieve the edges B 2 of the cores 2 and the flanges 3 in order to distribute and balance such forces, the central portion of each beam being wider than its ends.
  • each core 2 has seven recesses 20 disjoint and distributed along its central portion.
  • the recesses 20 each have dimensions slightly less than the width of the section of the core 2 where they are located.
  • the recesses 20 delimit together a first strip 21 along the straight edge B 1 in the vicinity of the plating sheet 1, a second strip 22 along the parabolic edge B 2 and bridges 23 interconnecting the strips 21 and 22 and extending perpendicularly to the edge B 1 between two adjacent recesses 20.
  • the strips 21 and 22 are materialized by dashed lines generally parallel to each longitudinal edge of the core 2.
  • the souls 2 are therefore of the "bow-string” type.
  • the shape of the recesses 20 is defined by a circular arc on the side of the bordered plate 1 connected, on the opposite side, to segments of a curve parallel to the edge B 2 .
  • each bridge 23 allows a progressive distribution of the stresses between the strips 21 and 22 and the bridges 23.
  • the recesses 20 could have other shapes, provided that they delimit regions similar to the strips 21 , 22 and bridges 23.
  • each strip 21 works in tension, since it is subjected to stresses oriented in the longitudinal direction X of the core 2.
  • the strips 21 can not be veiled, that is to say deform out of a horizontal plane parallel to the XY plane.
  • the strips 22 work in their compression, but they are stiffened by the soles 3 which are welded perpendicularly.
  • the strips 22 therefore have a low or no risk of warping along the Z axis. Indeed, as shown by the snatch at the figure 1 , the soles constitute, with the strips 21, section elements in "L" having a relatively high moment of inertia with respect to the Y and Z axes.
  • the width 22 of a strip 22, taken parallel to the Y axis, that is to say perpendicular to the vertical and the length L of the core 2, is less than twenty times, and The thickness of the core 2 is preferably fifteen times. Such a dimensioning makes it possible to further reduce the risk of warpage of the strips 22 in use.
  • the bridges 23 work in traction, that is to say that they transmit transverse forces to the strips 21 and 22.
  • the bridges 23 therefore also have a low risk of veiling or zero.
  • the door also comprises a stiffener 4 in the form of a circular base tube extending along the Z axis and traversing the souls at their median recesses.
  • the stiffener 4 is secured to the webs, for example by welding, so as to take back part of the forces exerted along the Z axis.
  • the stiffener 4 increases the vertical rigidity of the entire door and its mechanical strength. the pressure P.
  • the stiffener 4 can cross all the souls 2 or only a part of them, according to the needs of the intended application.
  • the stiffener 4 may be full and, if necessary, other tubes may also be provided through the recesses 20 adjacent to the median recesses.
  • the stiffener 4 may consist of a non-circular section tube, but, for example, elliptical or polygonal.
  • the water can easily go up on the height of the door, which avoids the momentary differences in stresses between neighboring regions and improves the mechanical strength of the door.
  • Such a door requires fewer welds than the doors of the prior art.
  • these welds extend essentially according to same directions as the main stresses to the door, which increases their resistance and that of the door, especially to fatigue.
  • the door thus formed is substantially lightened, firstly, thanks to the recesses 20 and the thin thickness of the cores 2 and, secondly, by reducing the number of necessary welds.
  • Such a door has, at equal mass, a mechanical strength in fatigue and in bending greater than those of the front doors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Barrages (AREA)
  • Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne une porte d'écluse destinée à supporter une pression exercée par un liquide sur tout ou partie de sa surface. Par porte d'écluse, on désigne une structure globalement plane susceptible de retenir un liquide à surface libre.The present invention relates to a sluice gate for supporting a pressure exerted by a liquid on all or part of its surface. Lock gate means a generally flat structure capable of retaining a free surface liquid.

Lorsqu'elle est en service, une porte d'écluse sépare un bassin aval d'un bassin amont dans lequel se trouve le liquide à retenir. Ce liquide soumet la porte d'écluse à une pression répartie variant en fonction du temps et de la distance au bas de la porte. Une porte d'écluse travaille donc en fatigue puisqu'elle subit des sollicitations cycliques. De plus, certaines portes, telles que les portes roulantes, levantes ou abaissantes, travaillent essentiellement en flexion, à la fois selon une direction verticale et selon une direction horizontale.When in use, a lock gate separates a downstream basin from an upstream basin in which the liquid to be retained is located. This liquid submits the lock gate to a distributed pressure varying with time and distance at the bottom of the door. A lock gate therefore works in fatigue since it undergoes cyclic stresses. In addition, some doors, such as rolling doors, rising or lowering, work mainly in bending, both in a vertical direction and in a horizontal direction.

La structure des portes d'écluses connues comporte généralement une tôle de bordé globalement plane et située du côté aval ainsi que plusieurs âmes ou voiles s'étendant horizontalement le long de la tôle de bordé, chaque âme étant solidarisée à cette tôle pour en reprendre les contraintes subies. En effet, la pression hydraulique exercée sur la porte est généralement transmise à deux montants verticaux situés respectivement de chaque côté de la porte, ce qui implique l'installation des âmes horizontales le long de la tôle de bordé. Ces âmes peuvent présenter une structure pleine ou en treillis.The structure of known lock gates generally comprises a globally flat plating sheet and located on the downstream side and several webs or webs extending horizontally along the plating sheet, each core being secured to this sheet to take back the constraints suffered. Indeed, the hydraulic pressure exerted on the door is generally transmitted to two vertical uprights located respectively on each side of the door, which implies the installation of horizontal webs along the plating sheet. These souls may have a solid or lattice structure.

De plus, une porte d'écluse conventionnelle comprend généralement des raidisseurs horizontaux secondaires parallèles aux âmes ainsi que des raidisseurs verticaux permettant d'assurer la rigidité verticale de la structure. Certains des raidisseurs verticaux peuvent présenter une forme de voile s'élargissant vers le bas de la structure.In addition, a conventional lock gate generally comprises secondary horizontal stiffeners parallel to the webs as well as vertical stiffeners to ensure the vertical rigidity of the structure. Some of the vertical stiffeners may have a widening web shape downward of the structure.

En général, les âmes horizontales, les raidisseurs horizontaux secondaires et les raidisseurs verticaux sont soudés sur la tôle de bordé afin de reprendre les contraintes que subit cette dernière. En outre, les âmes pleines doivent elles-mêmes être munies de raidisseurs longitudinaux et transversaux pour éviter de se voiler selon une direction verticale.In general, the horizontal webs, the secondary horizontal stiffeners and the vertical stiffeners are welded to the plating sheet in order to take up the constraints that the latter undergoes. In addition, souls solid must themselves be provided with longitudinal and transverse stiffeners to avoid veiling in a vertical direction.

La structure d'une porte conventionnelle présente donc l'inconvénient de nécessiter de très nombreuses soudures qui forment entre elles autant de croisements de soudures. Or, de tels croisements de soudure fragilisent la structure lorsqu'elle travaille en fatigue, comme c'est le cas des portes d'écluse. En particulier, les soudures transversales, qui s'étendent selon une direction essentiellement verticale, résistent mal aux variations des contraintes selon la hauteur de liquide et particulièrement aux différences entre les contraintes exercées au-dessus et celles exercées au-dessous de la surface libre du liquide.The structure of a conventional door therefore has the disadvantage of requiring a large number of welds which form between them as many weld crossings. However, such weld crosses weaken the structure when it works in fatigue, as is the case of the lock gates. In particular, the transverse welds, which extend in a substantially vertical direction, are poorly resistant to variations in the stresses according to the height of the liquid and particularly to the differences between the stresses exerted above and those exerted below the free surface of the liquid.

DE-C-845 329 décrit une porte d'écluse busquée, dont chaque vantail est formé de caissons superposés. La partie médiane de chaque caisson est creuse de façon à loger un support tubulaire sur lequel sont fixés des tuyaux destinés à évacuer l'air présent dans les caissons lors des ouvertures et/ou fermetures de l'écluse. Les parties haute et basse de chaque caisson comportent une plaque relativement épaisse destinée à assurer l'étanchéité avec le caisson adjacent. DE-C-845 329 describes a sluice gate, each leaf of which consists of superimposed boxes. The middle part of each box is hollow so as to house a tubular support on which are fixed pipes intended to evacuate the air present in the boxes during the openings and / or closures of the lock. The upper and lower parts of each box have a relatively thick plate for sealing with the adjacent box.

Donc, le document DE-C-845 329 divulgue les caractéristiques suivantes de la revendication 1 : Porte d'écluse destinée à supporter une pression exercée par un liquide, la porte comprenant une tôle de bordé globalement plane, une pluralité d'âmes minces s'étendant le long de la tôle de bordé et sensiblement parallèlement entre elles, chaque âme étant solidarisée à la tôle de bordé, chaque âme présentant, du côté opposé à la tôle de bordé, un bord courbe dans un plan transversal à la tôle de bordé, chaque âme s'élargissant vers son milieu et se rétrécissant vers ses extrémités, la porte comprenant au moins un raidisseur s'étendant à travers des évidements appartenant respectivement à plusieurs âmes. Cependant, la structure de ces caissons, en particulier de ces plaques et de ce support tubulaire, n'est pas prévue pour résister aux contraintes mécaniques en flexion et en fatigue qui s'exercent sur les portes d'écluses actuelles de types levantes, abaissantes ou roulantes.So the document DE-C-845 329 discloses the following features of claim 1: Sluice gate for supporting a pressure exerted by a liquid, the door comprising a generally flat plating sheet, a plurality of thin cores extending along the plating sheet and substantially parallel to each other, each core being secured to the plating sheet, each core having, on the opposite side to the plating sheet, a curved edge in a plane transverse to the plating sheet, each core widening towards its center and narrowing towards its ends, the door comprising at least one stiffener extending through recesses belonging respectively to several souls. However, the structure of these caissons, in particular of these plates and of this tubular support, is not designed to withstand the mechanical stresses in flexion and fatigue which are exerted on the current lock gates of rising, lowering types. or rolling.

La présente invention vise plus particulièrement à remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant une porte d'écluse dont la structure nécessite moins de soudures et s'avère plus résistante en flexion et à la fatigue que celles des portes connues.The present invention is more particularly to overcome these disadvantages by providing a lock gate whose structure requires fewer welds and is more resistant to flexion and fatigue than those of known doors.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne une porte d'écluse conforme à la revendication 1.For this purpose, the invention relates to a sluice gate according to claim 1.

Grâce à l'invention, la structure de la porte ne nécessite plus ou très peu de soudures transversales, si bien que sa résistance en fatigue est améliorée. De plus, les âmes horizontales reprennent davantage de contraintes, ce qui améliore la tenue en flexion de la porte.Thanks to the invention, the structure of the door requires more or very few transverse welds, so that its fatigue resistance is improved. In addition, the horizontal webs take more stress, which improves the bending strength of the door.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses mais facultatives de l'invention, prises isolément ou selon toute combinaison techniquement possible :

  • le bord courbe est globalement parabolique ;
  • la porte comprend des semelles solidarisées chacune à au moins deux âmes, au moyen de lignes de soudure s'étendant sur une partie substantielle des bords courbes respectifs desdites âmes ;
  • la porte comprend, en outre, au moins deux montants latéraux formés intégralement avec la tôle de bordé ;
  • le raidisseur est tubulaire ;
  • le raidisseur s'étend à travers des évidements proches respectivement des milieux des âmes ;
  • la porte d'écluse comprend plusieurs raidisseurs ;
  • le ou les raidisseurs s'étend(ent) à travers des évidements ménagés dans toutes les âmes ;
  • les âmes sont planes et chaque deuxième bande présente une largeur, prise perpendiculairement au bord courbe de l'âme à laquelle elle appartient, inférieure à 20 fois l'épaisseur de l'âme et, de préférence, à 15 fois cette épaisseur.
According to other advantageous but optional features of the invention, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
  • the curved edge is generally parabolic;
  • the door comprises soles each secured to at least two webs, by means of weld lines extending over a substantial part of the respective curved edges of said webs;
  • the door further comprises at least two lateral uprights formed integrally with the plating sheet;
  • the stiffener is tubular;
  • the stiffener extends through recesses close to the middle of the souls respectively;
  • the lock gate comprises several stiffeners;
  • the stiffener (s) extends (ent) through recesses formed in all the souls;
  • the souls are flat and each second band has a width, taken perpendicularly to the curved edge of the core to which it belongs, less than 20 times the thickness of the core and, preferably, to 15 times this thickness.

La présente invention sera bien comprise et ses avantages ressortiront également à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation illustré par les dessins annexés dans lesquels ;

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective, avec arrachement partiel, d'une porte d'écluse conforme à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 est une coupe de la porte de la figure 1 selon le plan B à la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'une âme utilisée dans la porte de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 4 est vue de côté de la porte de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 5 est une coupe de la porte de la figure 1 selon le plan A à la figure 1.
The present invention will be well understood and its advantages will also emerge in the light of the following description of an embodiment illustrated by the appended drawings in which;
  • - the figure 1 is a perspective view, partially cut away, of a lock gate according to the invention;
  • - the figure 2 is a cut of the door of the figure 1 according to plan B to the figure 1 ;
  • - the figure 3 is a top view of a soul used in the door of the figure 1 ;
  • - the figure 4 is seen from the side of the door of the figure 1 ;
  • - the figure 5 is a cut of the door of the figure 1 according to plan A to the figure 1 .

La figure 1 montre une structure plane apte à former une porte d'écluse. Cette porte comprend une tôle de bordé 1 globalement plane et destinée à être placée du côté aval de la porte. Autrement dit, la face externe de la tôle de bordé 1, orientée vers l'arrière de la figure 1, est destinée à être tournée vers un bassin aval. La tôle de bordé 1 présente une longueur L correspondant sensiblement à la largeur du canal à contrôler dans le cas d'une porte d'écluse levante, abaissante ou roulante.The figure 1 shows a plane structure able to form a lock gate. This door comprises a shell plate 1 generally flat and intended to be placed on the downstream side of the door. In other words, the outer face of the plating sheet 1, facing towards the rear of the figure 1 , is intended to be turned towards a downstream basin. The plating sheet 1 has a length L substantially corresponding to the width of the channel to be controlled in the case of a lifting, lowering or rolling lock gate.

La porte comprend également deux montants latéraux 61 et 62, situés respectivement à chaque extrémité latérale de la tôle de bordé 1. Les montants 61 et 62 s'étendent parallèlement à un axe Z, qui coïncide avec une direction globalement verticale lorsque la porte est installée dans l'écluse. Les montants 61 et 62 sont constitués de plaques globalement rectangulaires, étroites et montées perpendiculairement à la tôle de bordé 1. Les montants 61 et 62 sont formés intégralement avec la tôle de bordé 1, par exemple au moyen d'une opération de pliage ou de soudage au niveau de chaque extrémité latérale de la tôle de bordé 1.The door also comprises two lateral uprights 61 and 62, located respectively at each lateral end of the plating sheet 1. The uprights 61 and 62 extend parallel to an axis Z, which coincides with a generally vertical direction when the door is installed. in the lock. The uprights 61 and 62 consist of generally rectangular plates, narrow and mounted perpendicularly to the plating sheet 1. The uprights 61 and 62 are formed integrally with the plating sheet 1, for example by means of a bending or welding operation at each lateral end of the plating sheet 1.

Dans l'exemple des figures, la porte d'écluse est une porte levante, c'est-à-dire qu'elle est levée pour permettre la communication des bassins amont et aval. Pour cela, des éléments d'accrochages 51 et 52 sont prévus de chaque côté de la structure pour permettre de fixer la porte d'écluse sur un mécanisme d'élévation connu en soi et qui n'est pas décrit. Les éléments d'accrochage 51 et 52 sont formés par des profilés à section carrée s'étendant perpendiculairement aux montants 61 et 62.In the example of the figures, the lock gate is a lifting gate, that is to say that it is raised to allow the communication of upstream and downstream basins. For this, hooking elements 51 and 52 are provided on each side of the structure to allow to fix the lock gate on a lift mechanism known per se and which is not described. The hooking elements 51 and 52 are formed by square section sections extending perpendicularly to the uprights 61 and 62.

La porte d'écluse comprend par ailleurs seize âmes 2 minces et planes qui s'étendent entre les montants 61 et 62, sensiblement parallèlement entre elles et dans un plan horizontal, c'est-à-dire dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe Z. Le nombre d'âmes appartenant à la porte dépend notamment de la hauteur de la porte et il peut être compris par exemple entre douze et vingt.The sluice gate furthermore comprises sixteen thin and flat webs which extend between the uprights 61 and 62, substantially parallel to each other and in a horizontal plane, that is to say in a plane perpendicular to the axis. Z. The number of souls belonging to the door depends in particular on the height of the door and it can be understood for example between twelve and twenty.

Par âme mince on désigne une âme dont l'épaisseur est faible devant ses autres dimensions et notamment devant sa largeur. Les âmes 2 sont ici formées par des plaques planes et identiques entre elles. Elles peuvent avoir chacune une épaisseur comprise entre 10 mm et 100 mm, selon la pression que doit supporter la porte.By thin soul is meant a soul whose thickness is small in front of its other dimensions and in particular in front of its width. The cores 2 are here formed by flat plates and identical to each other. They can each have a thickness of between 10 mm and 100 mm, depending on the pressure that must bear the door.

Chaque âme 2 est solidarisée à la tôle de bordé 1 au moyen de deux lignes de soudures L1 et L2 s'étendant sur une partie substantielle, et de préférence sur la totalité, de la longueur L de la tôle de bordé 1 et de part et d'autre de l'âme 2. De plus, chaque âme 2 est soudée par ses extrémités à chaque montant 61 ou 62. Les soudures sont dimensionnées de façon à supporter les contraintes lorsque le liquide exerce une pression sur la porte d'écluse.Each core 2 is secured to the plating sheet 1 by means of two weld lines L 1 and L 2 extending over a substantial portion, and preferably over the entire length L of the plating sheet 1 and 2. In addition, each core 2 is welded at its ends to each post 61 or 62. The welds are sized to withstand the stresses when the liquid exerts pressure on the door. lock.

Pour chaque âme 2, un bord B1 destiné à être soudé sur la tôle de bordé 1 présente un profil rectiligne de façon à épouser la forme plane de la tôle de bordé 1. Du côté opposé à la tôle de bordé 1, chaque âme 2 a un bord B2 qui présente un profil globalement courbe dans un plan X-Y horizontal et perpendiculaire à la tôle de bordé 1. Ce profil est défini de sorte qu'une âme 2 s'élargit, selon la direction Y, vers son milieu et se rétrécit vers ses extrémités. Cela permet de conférer à l'âme une bonne résistance en flexion selon la direction Y. En l'occurrence, chaque âme 2 présente un bord B2 parabolique avec une largeur ℓ en son milieu de 2,8 m, une largeur ℓ' à proximité de ses extrémités de 60 cm et une longueur L de 25 m environ. Le ratio ℓ/ℓ' est ainsi compris entre 0,15 et 0,3.For each core 2, an edge B 1 intended to be welded to the plating sheet 1 has a rectilinear profile so as to match the flat shape of the plating sheet 1. On the opposite side to the plating sheet 1, each core 2 has an edge B 2 which has a generally curved profile in a horizontal plane XY and perpendicular to the plating sheet 1. This profile is defined so that a core 2 widens, in the direction Y, towards its middle and is shrinks to its ends. This makes it possible to give the core good flexural strength in the Y direction. In this case, each core 2 has a parabolic B 2 edge with a width ℓ at its center of 2.8 m, a width ℓ 'to near its ends of 60 cm and a length L of about 25 m. The ratio ℓ / ℓ is thus between 0.15 and 0.3.

Du côté opposé à la tôle de bordé 1, la porte comprend plusieurs semelles 3, constituées de bandes minces en tôle, qui s'étendent verticalement sur les bords B2 des âmes 2 et horizontalement entre les montants 61 et 62. Chaque semelle 3 est solidarisée à une paire d'âmes 2 superposées, de manière à les rigidifier et à répartir les contraintes entre elles.On the opposite side to the plating sheet 1, the door comprises several flanges 3, consisting of thin strips of sheet metal, which extend vertically on the edges B 2 of the webs 2 and horizontally between the uprights 61 and 62. Each flange 3 is secured to a pair of superposed souls 2 so as to stiffen them and to distribute the stresses between them.

Les semelles 3 peuvent par exemple être soudées sur les âmes 2 au moyen de lignes de soudure L3 et L4 s'étendant tout le long de chacun des bords B2 de ces âmes, ou sur une partie substantielle de ces bords. En variante, une semelle peut être soudée sur une seule âme, sur trois âmes ou encore sur plus de trois âmes. L'ensemble formé par deux âmes 2 ou plus, une semelle 3 et la paroi de la tôle de bordé 1 définit une poutre structurant la porte d'écluse et contribuant à sa résistance mécanique.The soles 3 may for example be welded to the cores 2 by means of weld lines L 3 and L 4 extending along each of the edges B 2 of these cores, or on a substantial part of these edges. Alternatively, a sole may be welded to a single core, three souls or more than three souls. The assembly formed by two cores 2 or more, a sole 3 and the wall of the plating sheet 1 defines a beam structuring the lock gate and contributing to its mechanical strength.

Les âmes 2 associées à une semelle 3 sont espacées deux à deux d'une distance d1 de 80 cm. En pratique, la distance d1 peut être comprise entre 50 cm et 2,5 m selon la hauteur de la porte et l'épaisseur des âmes. Cela contribue à conférer à la porte une bonne résistance mécanique. D'autre part, deux poutres voisines sont espacées d'une distance d2 qui peut être également comprise entre 50 cm et 2,5 m.The souls 2 associated with a sole 3 are spaced two by two by a distance d 1 of 80 cm. In practice, the distance d 1 can be between 50 cm and 2.5 m depending on the height of the door and the thickness of the souls. This helps to give the door good mechanical strength. On the other hand, two neighboring beams are spaced a distance d 2 which can also be between 50 cm and 2.5 m.

La tôle de bordé 1, les âmes 2, les montants 61 et 62 et les semelles 3 sont constitués dans au moins un métal présentant de bonnes propriétés mécaniques et une bonne soudabilité, tel que l'acier de construction de nuance S355J2.The plating sheet 1, the cores 2, the uprights 61 and 62 and the flanges 3 consist of at least one metal having good mechanical properties and good weldability, such as the structural steel of grade S355J2.

Dans la mesure où une semelle 3 épouse le bord B2 de chaque âme 2, les semelles 3 présentent également un profil globalement parabolique, ce qui permet d'obtenir un effort de compression supporté par la semelle 3 pratiquement constant le long des âmes 2 et compensant l'effort tranchant s'exerçant dans chaque section d'une semelle 3 sauf, éventuellement, au niveau de ses extrémités latérales. Des profils courbes autres que paraboliques peuvent être utilisés pour réaliser les bords B2 des âmes 2 et les semelles 3 dans le but de répartir et équilibrer de tels efforts, la partie centrale de chaque poutre étant plus large que ses extrémités.Insofar as a sole 3 matches the edge B 2 of each core 2, the soles 3 also have a generally parabolic profile, which makes it possible to obtain a compression force supported by the sole 3 which is practically constant along the webs 2 and compensating the shear force exerted in each section of a sole 3 except, possibly, at level of its lateral ends. Curved profiles other than parabolic can be used to achieve the edges B 2 of the cores 2 and the flanges 3 in order to distribute and balance such forces, the central portion of each beam being wider than its ends.

Par ailleurs, chaque âme 2 présente sept évidements 20 disjoints et répartis le long de sa partie centrale. Les évidements 20 présentent chacun des dimensions légèrement inférieures à la largeur du tronçon de l'âme 2 où ils se trouvent. Les évidements 20 délimitent ensemble une première bande 21 longeant le bord rectiligne B1 au voisinage de la tôle de bordé 1, une deuxième bande 22 longeant le bord B2 parabolique ainsi que des ponts 23 reliant entre elles les bandes 21 et 22 et s'étendant perpendiculairement au bord B1 entre deux évidements 20 voisins.Furthermore, each core 2 has seven recesses 20 disjoint and distributed along its central portion. The recesses 20 each have dimensions slightly less than the width of the section of the core 2 where they are located. The recesses 20 delimit together a first strip 21 along the straight edge B 1 in the vicinity of the plating sheet 1, a second strip 22 along the parabolic edge B 2 and bridges 23 interconnecting the strips 21 and 22 and extending perpendicularly to the edge B 1 between two adjacent recesses 20.

Sur la figure 3, les bandes 21 et 22 sont matérialisées par des traits pointillés globalement parallèles à chaque bord longitudinal de l'âme 2. Les âmes 2 sont donc de type « bow-string ». Comme le montrent les figures 2 et 3, la forme des évidements 20 est définie par un arc de cercle du côté de la tôle de bordé 1 raccordé, du côté opposé, à des segments d'une courbe parallèle au bord B2.On the figure 3 , the strips 21 and 22 are materialized by dashed lines generally parallel to each longitudinal edge of the core 2. The souls 2 are therefore of the "bow-string" type. As shown by Figures 2 and 3 , the shape of the recesses 20 is defined by a circular arc on the side of the bordered plate 1 connected, on the opposite side, to segments of a curve parallel to the edge B 2 .

Les formes circulaires des extrémités amont et aval de chaque pont 23 permettent une répartition progressive des contraintes entre les bandes 21 et 22 et les ponts 23. Les évidements 20 pourraient présenter d'autres formes, pourvu qu'ils délimitent des régions analogues aux bandes 21, 22 et aux ponts 23.The circular shapes of the upstream and downstream ends of each bridge 23 allow a progressive distribution of the stresses between the strips 21 and 22 and the bridges 23. The recesses 20 could have other shapes, provided that they delimit regions similar to the strips 21 , 22 and bridges 23.

Lorsque le liquide exerce une pression P répartie 1 sur la tôle de bordé du côté des âmes, chaque bande 21 travaille en traction, car elle est soumise à des contraintes orientées selon la direction longitudinale X de l'âme 2. Ainsi, les bandes 21 ne peuvent pas se voiler, c'est-à-dire se déformer hors d'un plan horizontal parallèle au plan X-Y.When the liquid exerts a distributed pressure P on the side plating sheet on the web side, each strip 21 works in tension, since it is subjected to stresses oriented in the longitudinal direction X of the core 2. Thus, the strips 21 can not be veiled, that is to say deform out of a horizontal plane parallel to the XY plane.

Les bandes 22 travaillent quant à elles en compression, mais elles sont rigidifiées par les semelles 3 qui leur sont soudées perpendiculairement. Les bandes 22 présentent donc un risque faible, voire nul, de voilage selon l'axe Z. En effet, comme le montre l'arraché à la figure 1, les semelles constituent avec les bandes 21 des éléments à section en « L » présentant un moment d'inertie relativement important par rapport aux axes Y et Z.The strips 22 work in their compression, but they are stiffened by the soles 3 which are welded perpendicularly. The strips 22 therefore have a low or no risk of warping along the Z axis. Indeed, as shown by the snatch at the figure 1 , the soles constitute, with the strips 21, section elements in "L" having a relatively high moment of inertia with respect to the Y and Z axes.

Avantageusement, la largeur I22 d'une bande 22, prise parallèlement à l'axe Y, c'est-à-dire perpendiculairement à la verticale et à la longueur L de l'âme 2, est inférieure à vingt fois, et de préférence à quinze fois, l'épaisseur de l'âme 2. Un tel dimensionnement permet de réduire davantage le risque de voilage des bandes 22 en service.Advantageously, the width 22 of a strip 22, taken parallel to the Y axis, that is to say perpendicular to the vertical and the length L of the core 2, is less than twenty times, and The thickness of the core 2 is preferably fifteen times. Such a dimensioning makes it possible to further reduce the risk of warpage of the strips 22 in use.

Les ponts 23 travaillent en traction, c'est-à-dire qu'ils transmettent des efforts transversaux aux bandes 21 et 22. Les ponts 23 présentent donc aussi un risque de voilage faible, voire nul.The bridges 23 work in traction, that is to say that they transmit transverse forces to the strips 21 and 22. The bridges 23 therefore also have a low risk of veiling or zero.

La porte comprend par ailleurs un raidisseur 4 en forme de tube à base circulaire s'étendant selon l'axe Z et traversant les âmes au niveau de leurs évidements médians. Le raidisseur 4 est solidarisé aux âmes, par exemple par soudage, de manière à en reprendre une partie des efforts s'exerçant selon l'axe Z. Le raidisseur 4 augmente la rigidité verticale de l'ensemble de la porte et sa résistance mécanique à la pression P. Le raidisseur 4 peut traverser toutes les âmes 2 ou seulement une partie d'entre elles, selon les besoins de l'application visée. En variante, le raidisseur 4 peut être plein et on peut aussi, si besoin, disposer d'autres tubes à travers les évidements 20 voisins des évidements médians. Par ailleurs, le raidisseur 4 peut être constitué d'un tube à section non circulaire, mais, par exemple, elliptique ou polygonale.The door also comprises a stiffener 4 in the form of a circular base tube extending along the Z axis and traversing the souls at their median recesses. The stiffener 4 is secured to the webs, for example by welding, so as to take back part of the forces exerted along the Z axis. The stiffener 4 increases the vertical rigidity of the entire door and its mechanical strength. the pressure P. The stiffener 4 can cross all the souls 2 or only a part of them, according to the needs of the intended application. Alternatively, the stiffener 4 may be full and, if necessary, other tubes may also be provided through the recesses 20 adjacent to the median recesses. Furthermore, the stiffener 4 may consist of a non-circular section tube, but, for example, elliptical or polygonal.

Par conséquent, la structure de type « bow-string » des âmes 2, rigidifiée par le tube 4, permet à la porte de supporter les contraintes engendrées par la pression du liquide sur la tôle de bordé 1 et sur les semelles 3, sans risque substantiel de voilage.Consequently, the "bow-string" type structure of the cores 2, stiffened by the tube 4, allows the door to withstand the stresses generated by the pressure of the liquid on the plating sheet 1 and on the flanges 3, without risk. substantial voilage.

Comme le tube 4 est creux et comme les âmes présentent des évidements 20, l'eau peut facilement remonter sur la hauteur de la porte, ce qui évite les différences momentanées de contraintes entre régions voisines et améliore la résistance mécanique de la porte.As the tube 4 is hollow and the cores have recesses 20, the water can easily go up on the height of the door, which avoids the momentary differences in stresses between neighboring regions and improves the mechanical strength of the door.

Une telle porte nécessite moins de soudures que les portes de l'art antérieur. De plus, ces soudures s'étendent essentiellement selon les mêmes directions que les contraintes principales subies par la porte, ce qui augmente leur.résistance et celle de la porte, notamment à la fatigue.Such a door requires fewer welds than the doors of the prior art. In addition, these welds extend essentially according to same directions as the main stresses to the door, which increases their resistance and that of the door, especially to fatigue.

Par ailleurs, la porte ainsi formée se trouve sensiblement allégée, d'une part, grâce aux évidements 20 et à la faible épaisseur des âmes 2 et, d'autre part, grâce à la réduction du nombre de soudures nécessaires. Une telle porte présente, à masse égale, une résistance mécanique en fatigue et en flexion supérieure à celles des portes antérieures.Moreover, the door thus formed is substantially lightened, firstly, thanks to the recesses 20 and the thin thickness of the cores 2 and, secondly, by reducing the number of necessary welds. Such a door has, at equal mass, a mechanical strength in fatigue and in bending greater than those of the front doors.

Claims (9)

  1. Vertical-lift, drop-gate or rolling-gate lock gate intended to withstand a pressure (P) exerted by a liquid, the gate comprising plating (1) that is planar overall, a plurality of thin webs (2) extending along the plating (1) and substantially mutually parallel, each web (2) being secured to the plating (1), each web (2) having, on the opposite side to the plating (1), an edge (B2) that is curved in a plane (X-Y) transverse to the plating (1), each web (2) widening towards its middle and narrowing towards its ends, each web (2) being pierced with several liquid-passage cavities (20) that are disjointed and configured so that they together delimit a first band (21) extending along the plating (1) and operating in tension when the liquid exerts the pressure on the plating on the web side, a second band (22) extending along the curved edge (B2) and working in compression when the liquid exerts the pressure on the plating on the web side, and bridges (23) connecting the first (21) and second (22) bands and extending between two adjacent cavities (20), and the gate comprising at least one stiffener (4) extending through the cavities (20) belonging respectively to several webs (2).
  2. Lock gate according to Claim 1, characterized in that the curved edge (B2) is parabolical overall.
  3. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises flanges (3) each secured to at least two webs (2) by means of weld lines (L3, L4) extending over a substantial part of the respective curved edges (B2) of the said webs (2).
  4. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises at least two lateral uprights (61, 62) formed integrally with the plating (1).
  5. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffener (4) is tubular.
  6. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffener (4) extends through cavities respectively near the middles of the webs (2).
  7. Lock gate according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises several stiffeners.
  8. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffener or stiffeners (4) extends (extend) through cavities (20) formed in all the webs (2).
  9. Lock gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the webs (2) are flat and in that each second band (22) has a width (ℓ22), measured at right angles to the curved edge (B2) of the web (2) to which it belongs, less than 20 times the thickness of the web (2) and preferably less than 15 times this thickness.
EP08356049.0A 2007-03-20 2008-03-19 Lock gate Active EP1972722B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0702002A FR2913989B1 (en) 2007-03-20 2007-03-20 DOOR OF ECLUSE AND SOUL FOR SUCH A DOOR

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EP1972722A1 EP1972722A1 (en) 2008-09-24
EP1972722B1 true EP1972722B1 (en) 2017-01-11

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FR (1) FR2913989B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2974584B1 (en) 2011-04-26 2013-06-14 Alstom Hydro France ECLUSE DOOR
CN105081519B (en) * 2015-09-16 2017-04-12 中国葛洲坝集团第六工程有限公司 Welding method for large-scale surface hole radial gate leaves

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3283464A (en) * 1960-05-10 1966-11-08 Litzka Franz Honeycomb girders and method for making same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE845329C (en) * 1951-03-07 1952-07-31 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Replacement lock gate, e.g. B. Replacement miter gate

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3283464A (en) * 1960-05-10 1966-11-08 Litzka Franz Honeycomb girders and method for making same

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EP1972722A1 (en) 2008-09-24
BRPI0800785A (en) 2008-11-04
FR2913989B1 (en) 2009-05-08
FR2913989A1 (en) 2008-09-26

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