EP1967397B1 - Electric heating assembly, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Electric heating assembly, in particular for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1967397B1
EP1967397B1 EP07290275A EP07290275A EP1967397B1 EP 1967397 B1 EP1967397 B1 EP 1967397B1 EP 07290275 A EP07290275 A EP 07290275A EP 07290275 A EP07290275 A EP 07290275A EP 1967397 B1 EP1967397 B1 EP 1967397B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating assembly
control element
ptc
assembly according
groups
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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EP07290275A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1967397A1 (en
Inventor
Bertrand Bisch
Christophe Schmittheisler
Olivier Schunck
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Mahle Behr France Rouffach SAS
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Behr France Rouffach SAS
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Priority to EP07290275A priority Critical patent/EP1967397B1/en
Publication of EP1967397A1 publication Critical patent/EP1967397A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0435—Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical heating arrangement with PTC elements, in particular for a motor vehicle.
  • FIG EP 1 522 439 A1 An example of such an embodiment is shown in FIG EP 1 522 439 A1 disclosed.
  • the arranged between the contact plates PTC elements and arranged on the outside of the contact plates corrugated fins are held in an electrically insulating plastic frame.
  • the electrical contacting of the contact sheets can be effected in that the contact plates protrude laterally from the frame and a plug connection is provided, wherein the frame can be designed accordingly.
  • the contact plates can also be within the frame Be connected contact rails, which are contacted from the outside, or an electrical conductor is inserted directly into the frame and connected to the contact rails or contact plates.
  • a control of individual heating strands can be done by means of an electronic circuit.
  • This circuit may be integrated, as in the in Fig. 3 to illustrate a conventional structure of a heating device shown, but for reasons of heat it is usually arranged as far as possible from the heating area.
  • an electrical heating arrangement in particular for a motor vehicle, having a heat transfer area for transferring the heat generated to a fluid flowing through the electric heater arrangement, the heat transfer area having a plurality of PTC elements electrically interconnected in a plurality of groups, and each of the groups of a rule element is controllable independently of other groups, and the individual rule element PTC element groups are connected to a common power supply.
  • the heat transfer area forms the core area of a heater of the heating arrangement.
  • At least two control element PTC element groups are interconnected via a first bus bar, which is connected via at least one current conductor to one pole of the power supply, wherein the current conductor at least partially separated running from at least one further, parallel to the first conductor connected, second Conductor is formed, which is connected directly or via a further bus bar, which is formed separately from the first bus bar, with at least one further control element PTC element group.
  • control element PTC element groups are connected to one another via a busbar.
  • the busbars are preferably each connected via a separately formed current conductor with a pole, in particular preferably the negative pole, the power supply.
  • each of the conductors or arranged in series with each of the conductors is preferably provided a separate fuse, which is independent of the one or other of the other fuses. This allows separate protection of individual heating areas of the heater, the example. Different Zones are assigned to the air conditioning of the vehicle interior.
  • the fuses are preferably outside the heat transfer region of the heater assembly, in particular outside of a frame, which is traversed by the vehicle interior air to be supplied, arranged.
  • Each of the current conductors is preferably formed by cables with a cross-sectional area of 5 to 8 mm 2 , more preferably of about 6 mm 2 +/- 1 mm 2 .
  • the current conductors are particularly preferably formed by individually sheathed, separately formed cable. These, in contrast to conventional cables, over which the entire current flows, much thinner auslegbaren cables can be bent easily and therefore easier to assemble.
  • multi-core flat cables can be used. These can be flexibly adapted to the available installation space, at least in one plane, or even lead through narrow gaps, so that they can be laid more easily in relation to the conventionally used cables with a core and the associated larger diameter.
  • Each control element of a control element PTC element group is preferably controllable via a common BUS system.
  • the control elements are, for example, transistors.
  • Each of the control element PTC element group of the heating arrangement preferably has at least one plate-shaped PTC element.
  • This PTC element can be both a ceramic and a plastic PTC element.
  • a plurality of PTC elements is provided in at least one control element PTC element group, wherein the PTC elements are preferably arranged in a row and possibly spaced from each other between contact plates.
  • the function of the contact plates can also be fulfilled directly by corrugated ribs with appropriate design.
  • the electrical heating arrangement preferably has an insulating housing or a frame, on the outside of which at least part of a plug connection for electrical contacting is provided, wherein the plug connection provides a connection for connecting at least two separately formed but parallelly connected current branches.
  • a plug connection provides a connection for connecting at least two separately formed but parallelly connected current branches.
  • the frame is preferably made of polyamide, more preferably PA66, and is injection molded. It can be formed with a corresponding embodiment, but in particular also in several parts, wherein the individual parts can be connected to each other in a known manner, for example by means Verclipsens or screwing. This can be done in the frame by connecting the parts at the same time a fixation of the contact plate PTC elements corrugated fin arrangement.
  • Heating arrangements according to the invention can be provided both as a heater in conjunction with a conventional air conditioner or a conventional heater and in isolation.
  • a two-zone heater assembly 1 serves as a heater in an automotive air conditioner, being arranged in the air flow direction according to a conventional heater.
  • the heating assembly 1 has a frame 2 made of plastic, in this case PA66, which is injection-molded.
  • a plurality of plate-shaped plastic PTC elements 3 between contact plates 4 and disposed therebetween corrugated fins are arranged, as in partial manner in Fig. 2 shown.
  • Fig. 1 are the PTC elements 3 schematically indicated as resistors.
  • the PTC elements 3, the contact plates 4 and the corrugated fins form the core of the auxiliary heater of the heating arrangement 1, which is flowed through by the vehicle interior air to be supplied.
  • one of the contact plates 4 of a pair of contact plates between which PTC elements 3 are arranged protrudes on one side beyond the air-flow area of the frame 2 and is electrically contacted.
  • These contact plates 4 are connected to the positive pole "+" of the power source (not shown in detail) via a common conductor and one in the frame 2 trained plug plugged connector (not shown), wherein within the frame 2, a continuous, common bus bar 5 is provided, which is guided by the corresponding contact plates 4 to the edge of the frame 2 and ends in the socket.
  • the other of the contact plates 4 of a contact plate pair is presently connected on the other side of the frame 2 via an electrically conductive intermediate piece, each with a regulator 6, which is arranged in a presently not air-flow area of the frame. For cooling, however, an air flow can also be provided in this area.
  • the controller 6 are controlled by means of a bus system, indicated in the drawing with "bus".
  • the controller 6 are in turn connected to busbars 7, wherein in the present case two controllers 6, which are assigned in the present case a heating zone, are connected in series with a busbar 7.
  • the busbar 7 is contacted centrally with a current conductor 8, which extends up to an integrated integrated socket 9.
  • the conductor 8 may in the case of a corresponding T- or L-shaped configuration of the busbar 7, so that the same extends to the socket 9, also omitted.
  • each of the continuing current conductors 10 in each case contains a fuse 11 in order to protect the corresponding PTC elements 3 from excessive current flow which would result in overheating of the PTC elements 3.
  • each of the current conductors 10 is connected to the negative pole "-" of the current source, ie the current conductors 10 are connected in parallel with one another.
  • Each of the secondary current conductors 10 in the present case has an electrically conductive cross section of approximately 6 mm 2 .
  • the individual conductors 10 may each be separated from each other be surrounded by an insulator, however, for example, a parallel arrangement of the same possible, so that a flat cable of low height results with parallel juxtaposed conductors.
  • the function of the heater assembly 1 is the following: Between the sockets formed on the frame 2, the vehicle electrical system voltage is applied, wherein - if there is no heating demand - all controller 6 interrupt the circuit, so that no current flows. From one of the zones - from a passenger by hand by means of a corresponding actuator or automatically based on a comparison of a temperature setpoint with a Temperaturistwert and falling below the temperature setpoint by a predetermined amount - a heating request to the corresponding controller 6 via the bus system.
  • the regulator 6 reduces its resistance so that current can flow through the corresponding branch, while the other branches connected in parallel are blocked by the other regulators 6.
  • the current flows to the first contact plate 4, through the PTC elements 3, which are arranged between the first and second contact plate 4, and the second contact plate 4.
  • the material heats up.
  • the heat is released to the outside to the air flowing through the heater, which is supplied to the vehicle interior. Due to the material heating, however, the resistance of the PTC elements 3 increases, so that the current flow as a function of the temperature in the PTC elements 3 is set to a specific value.
  • the second regulator 6, which is assigned to this zone is regulated in such a way that current flows through the branch associated with it, so that the number of heated PTC elements 3 is increased.
  • connection of the individual PTC elements can also be such that a different number of heating stages and / or more or fewer zones are possible.
  • interconnection is essentially independent of the subdivided configuration of the continuing current conductors 10 and of the busbars 7.
  • the busbars are formed divided on both sides of the contact plates. The same applies to the current conductors, so that two parallel circuits are formed, whereby the conductor diameter of all conductors reduced and Flat cable with juxtaposed conductors or separately formed cables can be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Heizungsanordnung mit PTC-Elementen, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to an electrical heating arrangement with PTC elements, in particular for a motor vehicle.

Eine Anordnung streifen- oder quaderförmige PTC-Elemente zwischen Kontaktblechen und/oder Wellrippen, über welche die elektrische Kontaktierung erfolgt, ist bekannt. Die zu erwärmende Luft nimmt hierbei die von den PTC-Elementen abgegebene Wärme im Wesentlichen von den der Vergrößerung der Wärmeübertragungsfläche vorgesehenen Wellrippen auf. Bei den PTC-Elementen kann es sich um Kunststoff- oder Keramik-Elemente handeln.An arrangement of strip or cuboid PTC elements between contact plates and / or corrugated ribs, via which the electrical contacting takes place, is known. In this case, the air to be heated essentially absorbs the heat emitted by the PTC elements from the corrugated fins provided for the enlargement of the heat transfer surface. The PTC elements may be plastic or ceramic elements.

Ein Beispiel einer derartigen Ausführungsform ist in der EP 1 522 439 A1 offenbart. Hierbei sind die zwischen Kontaktblechen angeordneten PTC-Elemente sowie auf der Außenseite der Kontaktbleche angeordnete Wellrippen in einem elektrisch isolierenden Kunststoff-Rahmen gehalten.An example of such an embodiment is shown in FIG EP 1 522 439 A1 disclosed. Here, the arranged between the contact plates PTC elements and arranged on the outside of the contact plates corrugated fins are held in an electrically insulating plastic frame.

Die elektrische Kontaktierung der Kontaktbleche kann dadurch erfolgen, dass die Kontaktbleche seitlich aus dem Rahmen ragen und eine Steckverbindung vorgesehen ist, wobei der Rahmen entsprechend ausgebildet sein kann. Die Kontaktbleche können jedoch auch innerhalb des Rahmens mit Kontaktschienen verbunden sein, welche von außen kontaktiert werden, oder ein elektrischer Leiter ist direkt in den Rahmen eingeführt und mit den Kontaktschienen bzw. Kontaktblechen verbunden.The electrical contacting of the contact sheets can be effected in that the contact plates protrude laterally from the frame and a plug connection is provided, wherein the frame can be designed accordingly. However, the contact plates can also be within the frame Be connected contact rails, which are contacted from the outside, or an electrical conductor is inserted directly into the frame and connected to the contact rails or contact plates.

Eine Regelung einzelner Heizstränge kann mit Hilfe einer elektronischen Schaltung erfolgen. Diese Schaltung kann integriert ausgebildet sein, wie in der in Fig. 3 zur Verdeutlichung eines herkömmlichen Aufbaus einer Heizungsvorrichtung dargestellt, aus Wärmegründen ist sie jedoch in der Regel möglichst beabstandet vom Heizbereich angeordnet.A control of individual heating strands can be done by means of an electronic circuit. This circuit may be integrated, as in the in Fig. 3 to illustrate a conventional structure of a heating device shown, but for reasons of heat it is usually arranged as far as possible from the heating area.

Aus der DE 199 05 074 C1 ist eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung mit mehreren, mittels einer elektronischen Schaltung selektiv beaufschlagbaren Gruppen von PTC-Heizelementen für ein Kraftfahrzeug bekannt. Hierbei weisen mindestens zwei der Gruppen unterschiedliche Nennleistungen auf. Die Stromversorgung erfolgt von einer Spannungsquelle her, wobei alle Gruppen über eine gemeinsame Sammelverteilungsleitung sowohl am Plus- als auch am Minuspol mit der Stromversorgung verbunden sind. Die Regelelemente, welche ein Ein- und Abschalten der einzelnen Zweige ermöglichen, und die PTC-Heizelemente sind in den jeweiligen, parallel zueinander geschalteten Zweigen angeordnet. Eine derartige Heizvorrichtung lässt noch Wünsche offen.From the DE 199 05 074 C1 is an electric heater with a plurality of selectively acted upon by an electronic circuit groups of PTC heating elements for a motor vehicle known. Here, at least two of the groups have different nominal powers. The power is supplied from a voltage source, all groups are connected via a common collective distribution line at both the plus and the negative terminal to the power supply. The control elements, which enable switching on and off of the individual branches, and the PTC heating elements are arranged in the respective branches connected in parallel with one another. Such a heater leaves nothing to be desired.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine verbesserte elektrische Heizungsanordnung mit elektrischen Heizelementen, insbesondere PTC-Elementen, zur Verfügung zu stellen.It is an object of the invention to provide an improved electrical heating arrangement with electrical heating elements, in particular PTC elements available.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine elektrische Heizungsanordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by an electrical heating arrangement with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß ist eine elektrische Heizungsanordnung vorgesehen, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit einem Wärmeübertragungsbereich zur Übertragung der erzeugten Wärme an ein durch die elektrische Heizungsanordnung hindurchströmendes Fluid, wobei der Wärmeübertragungsbereich eine Mehrzahl von in mehreren Gruppen elektrisch verschalteter PTC-Elemente aufweist und jede der Gruppen mit Hilfe eines Regelelements unabhängig von anderen Gruppen regelbar ist, und die einzelnen Regelelement-PTC-Element-Gruppen mit einer gemeinsamen Stromversorgung verbunden sind. Der Wärmeübertragungsbereich bildet hierbei den Kernbereich eines Heizers der Heizungsanordnung. Hierbei sind mindestens zwei Regelelement-PTC-Element-Gruppen über eine erste Stromschiene miteinander verbunden, die über mindestens einen Stromleiter mit einem Pol der Stromversorgung verbunden ist, wobei der Stromleiter zumindest bereichsweise getrennt verlaufend von mindestens einem weiteren, parallel zum ersten Stromleiter geschalteten, zweiten Stromleiter ausgebildet ist, der direkt oder über eine weitere Stromschiene, die getrennt von der ersten Stromschiene ausgebildet ist, mit mindestens einer weiteren Regelelement-PTC-Element-Gruppe verbunden ist. Durch eine Aufteilung des Stroms auf mehrere Zweige, die parallel zueinander geschaltet sind, kann die Stromstärke in den einzelnen Stromleitern und Stromschienen verringert werden.According to the invention, an electrical heating arrangement is provided, in particular for a motor vehicle, having a heat transfer area for transferring the heat generated to a fluid flowing through the electric heater arrangement, the heat transfer area having a plurality of PTC elements electrically interconnected in a plurality of groups, and each of the groups of a rule element is controllable independently of other groups, and the individual rule element PTC element groups are connected to a common power supply. The heat transfer area forms the core area of a heater of the heating arrangement. In this case, at least two control element PTC element groups are interconnected via a first bus bar, which is connected via at least one current conductor to one pole of the power supply, wherein the current conductor at least partially separated running from at least one further, parallel to the first conductor connected, second Conductor is formed, which is connected directly or via a further bus bar, which is formed separately from the first bus bar, with at least one further control element PTC element group. By dividing the current into several branches, which are connected in parallel, the current intensity in the individual conductors and busbars can be reduced.

Bevorzugt sind jeweils mindestens zwei, insbesondere genau zwei Regelelement-PTC-Element-Gruppen über eine Stromschiene miteinander verbunden. Ferner sind bevorzugt die Stromschienen jeweils über getrennt ausgebildete Stromleiter mit einem Pol, insbesondere bevorzugt dem Minuspol, der Stromversorgung verbunden.Preferably, in each case at least two, in particular exactly two control element PTC element groups are connected to one another via a busbar. Furthermore, the busbars are preferably each connected via a separately formed current conductor with a pole, in particular preferably the negative pole, the power supply.

In jedem der Stromleiter oder in Reihe angeordnet zu jedem der Stromleiter ist vorzugsweise eine eigene Schmelzsicherung vorgesehen, die unabhängig von der oder den anderen Schmelzsicherungen ist. Dies ermöglicht eine getrennte Absicherung einzelner Heizbereiche des Heizers, die bspw. unterschiedlichen Zonen der Klimatisierung des Fahrzeuginnenraums zugeordnet sind.In each of the conductors or arranged in series with each of the conductors is preferably provided a separate fuse, which is independent of the one or other of the other fuses. This allows separate protection of individual heating areas of the heater, the example. Different Zones are assigned to the air conditioning of the vehicle interior.

Die Schmelzsicherungen sind vorzugsweise außerhalb des Wärmeübertragungsbereichs der Heizungsanordnung, insbesondere außerhalb eines Rahmens, der von dem Fahrzeuginnenraum zuzuführender Luft durchströmbar ist, angeordnet.The fuses are preferably outside the heat transfer region of the heater assembly, in particular outside of a frame, which is traversed by the vehicle interior air to be supplied, arranged.

Jeder der Stromleiter ist vorzugsweise durch Kabel mit einer Querschnittsfläche von 5 bis 8 mm2, insbesondere bevorzugt von ca. 6 mm2 +/- 1 mm2, gebildet. Die Stromleiter sind besonders bevorzugt durch einzeln ummantelte, getrennt voneinander ausgebildete Kabel gebildet. Diese, im Unterschied zu üblichen Kabeln, über welche der gesamte Strom fließt, deutlich dünner auslegbaren Kabel lassen sich einfacher biegen und daher einfacher montieren.Each of the current conductors is preferably formed by cables with a cross-sectional area of 5 to 8 mm 2 , more preferably of about 6 mm 2 +/- 1 mm 2 . The current conductors are particularly preferably formed by individually sheathed, separately formed cable. These, in contrast to conventional cables, over which the entire current flows, much thinner auslegbaren cables can be bent easily and therefore easier to assemble.

Alternativ können beispielsweise auch mehradrige Flachkabel verwendet werden. Diese lassen sich zumindest in einer Ebene flexibel angepasst an den vorhandenen Bauraum krümmen oder auch durch enge Spalte führen, so dass sie gegenüber den herkömmlicherweise verwendeten Kabeln mit einer Ader und dem damit verbundenen größeren Durchmesser einfacher verlegt werden können.Alternatively, for example, multi-core flat cables can be used. These can be flexibly adapted to the available installation space, at least in one plane, or even lead through narrow gaps, so that they can be laid more easily in relation to the conventionally used cables with a core and the associated larger diameter.

Jedes Regelelement einer Regelelement-PTC-Element-Gruppe ist vorzugsweise über ein gemeinsames BUS-System regelbar. Bei den Regelelementen handelt es sich beispielsweise um Transistoren.Each control element of a control element PTC element group is preferably controllable via a common BUS system. The control elements are, for example, transistors.

Bevorzugt weist jede der Regelelement-PTC-Element-Gruppe der Heizungsanordnung wenigstens ein plattenförmig ausgebildetes PTC-Element auf. Dieses PTC-Element kann sowohl ein Keramik- als auch ein Kunststoff-PTC-Element sein.Each of the control element PTC element group of the heating arrangement preferably has at least one plate-shaped PTC element. This PTC element can be both a ceramic and a plastic PTC element.

Besonders bevorzugt ist bei mindestens einer Regelelement-PTC-Element-Gruppe eine Mehrzahl von PTC-Elementen vorgesehen, wobei die PTC-Elemente bevorzugt in einer Reihe und ggf. beabstandet voneinander zwischen Kontaktblechen angeordnet sind. Die Funktion der Kontaktbleche kann bei entsprechender Ausgestaltung auch direkt durch Wellrippen erfüllt werden.Particularly preferably, a plurality of PTC elements is provided in at least one control element PTC element group, wherein the PTC elements are preferably arranged in a row and possibly spaced from each other between contact plates. The function of the contact plates can also be fulfilled directly by corrugated ribs with appropriate design.

Vorzugsweise weist die elektrische Heizungsanordnung ein isolierendes Gehäuse oder einen Rahmen auf, auf dessen Außenseite mindestens ein Teil einer Steckverbindung zur elektrischen Kontaktierung vorgesehen ist, wobei die Steckverbindung einen Anschluss für ein Anschließen mindestens zweier getrennt ausgebildeter, aber parallel geschalteter Stromzweige zur Verfügung stellt. Allerdings können auch mehrere Steckverbindungen vorgesehen sein, so dass bspw. jeweils nur ein Stromleiter mit Hilfe einer Steckverbindung angeschlossen wird. In der Regel ist das Anschließen mehrerer kleinerer Kabelstränge einfacher als das Anschließen eines dicken Kabels, das in Bezug auf seine Flexibilität stark eingeschränkt ist.The electrical heating arrangement preferably has an insulating housing or a frame, on the outside of which at least part of a plug connection for electrical contacting is provided, wherein the plug connection provides a connection for connecting at least two separately formed but parallelly connected current branches. However, it is also possible to provide a plurality of plug connections, so that, for example, only one current conductor is connected in each case with the aid of a plug connection. In general, connecting several smaller cable strands is easier than connecting a thick cable, which is severely limited in terms of its flexibility.

Der Rahmen besteht vorzugsweise aus Polyamid, insbesondere bevorzugt aus PA66, und ist spritzgegossen. Er kann bei entsprechender Ausgestaltung ein-, aber insbesondere auch mehrteilig ausgebildet sein, wobei die einzelnen Teile auf bekannte Weise miteinander verbunden werden können, bspw. mittels Verclipsens oder Verschraubens. Hierbei kann durch das Verbinden der Teile gleichzeitig auch eine Fixierung der Kontaktblech-PTC-Elemente-Wellrippen-Anordnung im Rahmen erfolgen.The frame is preferably made of polyamide, more preferably PA66, and is injection molded. It can be formed with a corresponding embodiment, but in particular also in several parts, wherein the individual parts can be connected to each other in a known manner, for example by means Verclipsens or screwing. This can be done in the frame by connecting the parts at the same time a fixation of the contact plate PTC elements corrugated fin arrangement.

Erfindungsgemäße Heizungsanordnungen können sowohl als Zuheizer in Verbindung mit einer herkömmlichen Klimaanlage oder einem herkömmlichen Heizer als auch in Alleinstellung vorgesehen sein.Heating arrangements according to the invention can be provided both as a heater in conjunction with a conventional air conditioner or a conventional heater and in isolation.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung im Einzelnen erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizungsanordnung,
Fig. 2
eine schematische, ausschnittsweise Darstellung des Heizbereichs der Heizungsanordnung von Fig. 1, und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung einer herkömmlichen Heizungsanordnung.
In the following the invention with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings will be explained in detail. In the drawing show:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a heating arrangement according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a schematic, partial view of the heating of the heating arrangement of Fig. 1 , and
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of a conventional heating arrangement.

Eine zweizonige Heizungsanordnung 1 gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel dient als Zuheizer in einer Kraftfahrzeug-Klimaanlage, wobei sie in Luftströmungsrichtung gesehen nach einem herkömmlichen Heizer angeordnet ist. Die Heizungsanordnung 1 weist einen Rahmen 2 aus Kunststoff auf, vorliegend aus PA66, der spritzgegossen ist. In dem Rahmen sind eine Mehrzahl von plattenförmig ausgebildeten Kunststoff-PTC-Elementen 3 zwischen Kontaktblechen 4 und dazwischen angeordneten Wellrippen angeordnet, wie ausschnittsweise in Fig. 2 dargestellt. In Fig. 1 sind die PTC-Elemente 3 schematisch als Widerstände angedeutet. Die PTC-Elemente 3, die Kontaktbleche 4 und die Wellrippen bilden den Kern des Zuheizers der Heizungsanordnung 1, der von dem Fahrzeuginnenraum zuzuführender Luft durchströmt wird.A two-zone heater assembly 1 according to the embodiment serves as a heater in an automotive air conditioner, being arranged in the air flow direction according to a conventional heater. The heating assembly 1 has a frame 2 made of plastic, in this case PA66, which is injection-molded. In the frame, a plurality of plate-shaped plastic PTC elements 3 between contact plates 4 and disposed therebetween corrugated fins are arranged, as in partial manner in Fig. 2 shown. In Fig. 1 are the PTC elements 3 schematically indicated as resistors. The PTC elements 3, the contact plates 4 and the corrugated fins form the core of the auxiliary heater of the heating arrangement 1, which is flowed through by the vehicle interior air to be supplied.

Jeweils eines der Kontaktbleche 4 eines Kontaktblechpaares zwischen denen PTC-Elemente 3 angeordnet sind, ragt auf einer Seite über den luftdurchströmten Bereich des Rahmens 2 hinaus und ist elektrisch kontaktiert. Diese Kontaktbleche 4 sind mit dem Pluspol "+" der Stromquelle (nicht näher dargestellt) über einen gemeinsamen Stromleiter und einen in eine am Rahmen 2 ausgebildete Steckbuchse gesteckten Stecker (nicht dargestellt) verbunden, wobei innerhalb des Rahmens 2 eine durchgehende, gemeinsame Stromschiene 5 vorgesehen ist, die von den entsprechenden Kontaktblechen 4 bis zum Rand des Rahmens 2 geführt ist und in der Steckbuchse endet.In each case one of the contact plates 4 of a pair of contact plates between which PTC elements 3 are arranged protrudes on one side beyond the air-flow area of the frame 2 and is electrically contacted. These contact plates 4 are connected to the positive pole "+" of the power source (not shown in detail) via a common conductor and one in the frame 2 trained plug plugged connector (not shown), wherein within the frame 2, a continuous, common bus bar 5 is provided, which is guided by the corresponding contact plates 4 to the edge of the frame 2 and ends in the socket.

Das andere der Kontaktbleche 4 eines Kontaktblechpaares ist vorliegend auf der anderen Seite des Rahmens 2 über ein elektrisch leitendes Zwischenstück mit jeweils einem Regler 6 verbunden, der in einem vorliegend nicht luftdurchströmten Bereich des Rahmens angeordnet ist. Zur Kühlung kann jedoch in diesem Bereich auch eine Luftdurchströmung vorgesehen sein. Die Regler 6 werden mit Hilfe eines Bus-Systems, in der Zeichnung mit "Bus" angedeutet, geregelt.The other of the contact plates 4 of a contact plate pair is presently connected on the other side of the frame 2 via an electrically conductive intermediate piece, each with a regulator 6, which is arranged in a presently not air-flow area of the frame. For cooling, however, an air flow can also be provided in this area. The controller 6 are controlled by means of a bus system, indicated in the drawing with "bus".

Die Regler 6 sind ihrerseits mit Stromschienen 7 verbunden, wobei vorliegend jeweils zwei Regler 6, die vorliegend einer Heizzone zugeordnet sind, mit einer Stromschiene 7 in Serie geschaltet sind. Die Stromschiene 7 ist zentral mit einem Stromleiter 8 kontaktiert, welcher bis zu einer im Rahmen integriert ausgebildeten Steckbuchse 9 verläuft. Der Stromleiter 8 kann im Falle einer entsprechenden T- oder L-förmigen Ausgestaltung der Stromschiene 7, so dass dieselbe bis zur Steckbuchse 9 reicht, auch entfallen.The controller 6 are in turn connected to busbars 7, wherein in the present case two controllers 6, which are assigned in the present case a heating zone, are connected in series with a busbar 7. The busbar 7 is contacted centrally with a current conductor 8, which extends up to an integrated integrated socket 9. The conductor 8 may in the case of a corresponding T- or L-shaped configuration of the busbar 7, so that the same extends to the socket 9, also omitted.

In die Steckbuchse 9 kann ein Stecker 10 gesteckt werden, welcher einen elektrischen Kontakt jedes der Stromleiter 8 mit jeweils einem weiterführenden Stromleiter 10 bildet. Jeder der weiterführenden Stromleiter 10 beinhaltet vorliegend jeweils eine Schmelzsicherung 11, um die entsprechenden PTC-Elemente 3 vor einer einem zu großen Stromfluss, der in einer Überhitzung der PTC-Elemente 3 resultieren würde, zu schützen. Jeder der Stromleiter 10 ist vorliegend mit dem Minuspol "-" der Stromquelle verbunden, d.h. die Stromleiter 10 sind parallel zueinander geschaltet. Jeder der weiterführenden Stromleiter 10 hat vorliegend einen elektrisch leitenden Querschnitt von ca. 6 mm2. Die einzelnen Stromleiter 10 können jeweils getrennt voneinander von einem isolator ummantelt sein, jedoch ist beispielsweise auch eine parallele Anordnung derselben möglich, so dass sich ein Flachkabel von geringer Höhe mit parallel nebeneinander angeordneten Leitern ergibt.In the socket 9, a plug 10 can be inserted, which forms an electrical contact of each of the current conductors 8, each with a continuing current conductor 10. In the present case, each of the continuing current conductors 10 in each case contains a fuse 11 in order to protect the corresponding PTC elements 3 from excessive current flow which would result in overheating of the PTC elements 3. In the present case, each of the current conductors 10 is connected to the negative pole "-" of the current source, ie the current conductors 10 are connected in parallel with one another. Each of the secondary current conductors 10 in the present case has an electrically conductive cross section of approximately 6 mm 2 . The individual conductors 10 may each be separated from each other be surrounded by an insulator, however, for example, a parallel arrangement of the same possible, so that a flat cable of low height results with parallel juxtaposed conductors.

Die Funktion der Heizungsanordnung 1 ist Folgende: Zwischen den am Rahmen 2 ausgebildeten Steckbuchsen liegt die Bordnetzspannung an, wobei - sofern kein Heizbedarf besteht - alle Regler 6 den Stromkreis unterbrechen, so dass kein Strom fließt. Wird aus einer der Zonen - von einem Insassen von Hand mittels eines entsprechenden Betätigungsorgans oder automatisch auf Grund eines Vergleichs eines Temperatursollwerts mit einem Temperaturistwert und dem Unterschreiten des Temperatursollwerts um einen vorgegebenen Betrag - eine Heizungsanforderung an den entsprechenden Regler 6 über das Bus-System. Der Regler 6 verringert seinen Widerstand, so dass Strom durch den entsprechenden Zweig fließen kann, während die anderen, parallel geschalteten Zweige durch die anderen Regler 6 gesperrt sind. Der Strom fließt zum ersten Kontaktblech 4, durch die PTC-Elemente 3, die zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Kontaktblech 4 angeordnet sind, und das zweite Kontaktblech 4. In Folge des Stromflusses durch die PTC-Elemente 3, welche aus einem Material mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizenten bestehen, erwärmt sich das Material. Die Wärme wird nach außen an die den Heizer durchströmende Luft, die dem Fahrzeuginnenraum zugeführt wird, abgegeben. Durch die Materialerwärmung steigt jedoch der Widerstand der PTC-Elemente 3, so dass sich der Stromfluss in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur in den PTC-Elementen 3 auf einen bestimmten Wert einstellt.The function of the heater assembly 1 is the following: Between the sockets formed on the frame 2, the vehicle electrical system voltage is applied, wherein - if there is no heating demand - all controller 6 interrupt the circuit, so that no current flows. From one of the zones - from a passenger by hand by means of a corresponding actuator or automatically based on a comparison of a temperature setpoint with a Temperaturistwert and falling below the temperature setpoint by a predetermined amount - a heating request to the corresponding controller 6 via the bus system. The regulator 6 reduces its resistance so that current can flow through the corresponding branch, while the other branches connected in parallel are blocked by the other regulators 6. The current flows to the first contact plate 4, through the PTC elements 3, which are arranged between the first and second contact plate 4, and the second contact plate 4. As a result of the current flow through the PTC elements 3, which consists of a material with a positive temperature coefficient exist, the material heats up. The heat is released to the outside to the air flowing through the heater, which is supplied to the vehicle interior. Due to the material heating, however, the resistance of the PTC elements 3 increases, so that the current flow as a function of the temperature in the PTC elements 3 is set to a specific value.

Wird mehr Wärme in der entsprechenden Zone benötigt, so wird auch der zweite Regler 6, der dieser Zone zugeordnet ist, derart geregelt, dass Strom durch den demselben zugeordneten Zweig strömt, so dass die Zahl der beheizten PTC-Elemente 3 erhöht wird.If more heat is needed in the corresponding zone, then the second regulator 6, which is assigned to this zone, is regulated in such a way that current flows through the branch associated with it, so that the number of heated PTC elements 3 is increased.

Steigt der Gesamtstrom, der durch die beiden Zweige fließt, über einen oberen Grenzwert an, bspw. wegen eines Kurzschlusses im Heizer, so brennt die Schmelzsicherung des entsprechenden Stromleiters 10 durch und der Stromfluss wird vollständig unterbrochen.If the total current flowing through the two branches rises above an upper limit, for example due to a short circuit in the heater, the fuse of the corresponding conductor 10 burns and the current flow is completely interrupted.

Unabhängig von der soeben beschriebenen ersten Zone erfolgt die Regelung der zweiten Zone, so dass hierauf im Folgenden nicht näher eingegangen wird.Regardless of the first zone just described, the control of the second zone takes place, so that it will not be discussed in more detail below.

Alternativ zur Darstellung von Fig. 1 kann die Verschaltung der einzelnen PTC-Elemente auch derart sein, dass eine andere Anzahl von Heizstufen und/oder mehr oder weniger Zonen möglich sind. Die Verschaltung ist jedoch im Wesentlichen unabhängig von der unterteilten Ausgestaltung der weiterführenden Stromleiter 10 sowie der Stromschienen 7.Alternatively to the representation of Fig. 1 The connection of the individual PTC elements can also be such that a different number of heating stages and / or more or fewer zones are possible. However, the interconnection is essentially independent of the subdivided configuration of the continuing current conductors 10 and of the busbars 7.

Ferner können anstelle von zwei Stromleitern 10 auch mehr, beispielsweise vier Stromleiter vorgesehen sein. Entsprechend sind dann im Rahmen auch vier Stromschienen vorgesehen.Furthermore, instead of two current conductors 10, more, for example four current conductors, may also be provided. Accordingly, four busbars are then provided in the frame.

Innerhalb des Rahmens 2 müssen nicht notwendigerweise zwei Regler 6 mit einer Stromschiene 7 verbunden sein. Die Anzahl der Regler 6 (und somit der Gruppen gemeinsam geregelter PTC-Elemente), die über eine gemeinsame Stromschiene 7 mit Strom versorgt werden, kann größer oder aber auch kleiner sein. Der Idealfall ist jedoch, dass an jedem Ende einer Stromschiene 7 ein elektrischer Kontakt vorgesehen ist.Within the frame 2, not necessarily two controllers 6 must be connected to a busbar 7. The number of regulators 6 (and thus of the groups of jointly controlled PTC elements), which are supplied with current via a common busbar 7, can be larger or smaller. The ideal case, however, is that an electrical contact is provided at each end of a busbar 7.

Gemäß einer Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels sind die Stromschienen auf beiden Seiten der Kontaktbleche unterteilt ausgebildet. Entsprechendes gilt für die Stromleiter, so dass zwei parallele Stromkreise ausgebildet sind, wodurch die Stromleiterdurchmesser sämtlicher Stromleiter verringert und Flachkabel mit nebeneinander angeordneten Stromleitern oder getrennt ausgebildete Kabel verwendet werden können.According to a variant of the embodiment, the busbars are formed divided on both sides of the contact plates. The same applies to the current conductors, so that two parallel circuits are formed, whereby the conductor diameter of all conductors reduced and Flat cable with juxtaposed conductors or separately formed cables can be used.

Claims (9)

  1. An electric heating assembly (1), in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat transfer region for transferring generated heat to a fluid flowing through the electric heating assembly, wherein the heat transfer region comprises a plurality of PTC elements electrically connected in groups, each of the groups being controllable independently of the other groups using a control element (6), and the individual control element-PTC element groups are connected to a common power supply (+, -), wherein at least two control element-PTC element groups are interconnected via a first busbar (7) which is connected via at least one electrical conductor (8, 10) to a pole (-) of the power supply,
    characterized in that the electrical conductor (8, 10) extends separately, at least in regions, from at least one further, second electrical conductor (8, 10) which is connected in parallel to the first electrical conductor (8, 10) and is connected to at least one further control element-PTC element group, directly or via a further busbar (7) which is separate from the first busbar (7), wherein a separate fuse (11) is provided in each of the busbars (10) or is connected in series to each of the busbars (8), and is independent of the other fuse(s) (11).
  2. The heating assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective at least two, in particular exactly two control element-PTC element groups are interconnected via a busbar (7), and each of the busbars (7) is connected to a pole (-) of the power supply via separate electrical conductors (8, 10).
  3. The heating assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fuses (11) are disposed outside of the heat transfer region of the heating assembly (1), in particular outside of a frame (2) through which air supplied from the vehicle interior can flow.
  4. The heating assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the electrical conductors (10) is formed by cables having a cross-sectional area of 5 to 8 mm2, in particular approximately 6 mm2 +/- 1 mm2.
  5. The heating assembly according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that each control element (6) of a control element-PTC element group is controllable by a common bus system (bus).
  6. The heating assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the control element-PTC element groups of the heating assembly (1) comprises at least one plate-shaped PTC element (3).
  7. The heating assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of PTC elements (3) is provided in at least one control element-PTC element group.
  8. The heating assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electric heating assembly (1) comprises an insulating housing or a frame (2), on the outer side of which at least one part of a plug connection for electrical contacting is provided, wherein the plug connection provides a connector for connecting at least two sub-circuits which are separate but connected in parallel.
  9. The heating assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical conductors (10) are formed by separate cables which are sheathed individually.
EP07290275A 2007-03-05 2007-03-05 Electric heating assembly, in particular for a motor vehicle Expired - Fee Related EP1967397B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07290275A EP1967397B1 (en) 2007-03-05 2007-03-05 Electric heating assembly, in particular for a motor vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07290275A EP1967397B1 (en) 2007-03-05 2007-03-05 Electric heating assembly, in particular for a motor vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1967397A1 EP1967397A1 (en) 2008-09-10
EP1967397B1 true EP1967397B1 (en) 2011-06-15

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EP (1) EP1967397B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19905074C1 (en) 1999-02-08 2000-11-16 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Electric heating device, in particular PTC heating device for a vehicle
DE10229547A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2004-01-15 Att Automotive Thermo Tech Gmbh Device for direct electric air heating has resistance consisting of two or more layers of zigzag strips of folded heating ribs separated by intermediate layers of electrically insulating material
ATE383257T1 (en) 2003-10-07 2008-01-15 Behr France Rouffach Sas HEATING ARRANGEMENT WITH PTC ELEMENT, PARTICULARLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

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