EP1966787A1 - Color lcd with bi-color sequential backlight - Google Patents
Color lcd with bi-color sequential backlightInfo
- Publication number
- EP1966787A1 EP1966787A1 EP06842521A EP06842521A EP1966787A1 EP 1966787 A1 EP1966787 A1 EP 1966787A1 EP 06842521 A EP06842521 A EP 06842521A EP 06842521 A EP06842521 A EP 06842521A EP 1966787 A1 EP1966787 A1 EP 1966787A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- color
- lcd
- light
- time period
- backlight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
- G09G3/3413—Details of control of colour illumination sources
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/34—Colour display without the use of colour mosaic filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
- G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0235—Field-sequential colour display
Definitions
- This invention relates to color liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and more particularly to LCDs using a backlight having light emitting diodes (LEDs).
- LCDs color liquid crystal displays
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- Fig. 1 illustrates a typical prior art color, transmissive LCD.
- the structure of Fig. 1 will be used to identify certain disadvantages of prior art LCDs that are avoided by the present invention.
- an LCD 10 includes a white light source 12 to provide backlighting for the upper LCD layers.
- a common source for white light is a fluorescent bulb.
- Another white light source is a combination of red, green, and blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) whose combined light forms white light.
- LEDs red, green, and blue light emitting diodes
- Other white light sources are known. These white light sources must provide substantially homogeneous light to the back surface of the display.
- a polarizing filter 14 linearly polarizes the white light. The polarized white light is then transmitted to a transparent thin film transistor (TFT) array 16 having one transistor for each red, green, and blue subpixel in the display.
- TFT transparent thin film transistor
- TFT arrays are well known and need not be further described. Above the TFT array 16 is a liquid crystal layer 20, and above liquid crystal layer 20 is a transparent conductive layer 22 connected to ground. An electrical field across a subpixel area of the liquid crystal layer 20 causes light passing through that subpixel area to have its polarization rotated orthogonal to the incoming polarization. The absence of an electrical field across a subpixel area of the liquid crystal layer 20 causes the liquid crystals to align and not affect the polarization of light.
- Each portion of the liquid crystal layer associated with a subpixel is commonly referred to as a shutter, since each shutter is controllable to pass from 0-100% (assuming a loss less system) of the incoming light to the output of the display.
- Liquid crystal layers are well known and commercially available.
- a polarizing filter 24 only passes polarized light orthogonal to the light output from the polarizing filter 14. Therefore, the polarizing filter 24 only passes light that has been polarized by an energized subpixel area in the liquid crystal layer 20 and absorbs all light that passes through non-energized portions of the liquid crystal layer 20.
- the magnitudes of the electric fields across the liquid crystal layer 20 controls the brightness of the individual R, G, and B components to create any color for each pixel in the displayed image.
- LCDs pass light through only the non-energized pixels.
- Other LCDs use different orientation polarizers.
- Some types of LCDs substitute a passive conductor grid for the TFT array 16, where energizing a particular row conductor and column conductor energizes a pixel area of the liquid crystal layer at the cross-point.
- the light passing through the polarizing filter 24 is then filtered by an RGB pixel filter 25.
- the RGB pixel filter 25 can be located at other positions in the stack, such as anywhere below or above the liquid crystal layer 20.
- the RGB pixel filter 25 may be comprised of a red filter layer, a green filter layer, and a blue filter layer. The layers may be deposited as thin films.
- the red filter layer contains an array of red light filter areas defining the red subpixel areas of the display.
- the green and blue filter layers only allow green or blue light to pass in the areas of the green and blue subpixels. Accordingly, the RGB pixel filter 25 provides a filter for each R, G, and B subpixel in the display.
- the RGB pixel filter 25 inherently filters out at least two-thirds of all light reaching it, since each filter subpixel area only allows one of the three primary colors to pass. This is a significant factor in the generally poor efficiency of the prior art LCDs.
- the overall transmissivity of the LCD layers above the white light source 12 is on the order of 4-10%. It is known to eliminate the RGB filter by sequentially energizing red, green, and blue LEDs in the backlight where the sequencing is synchronized with the control of the red, green, and blue subpixel areas of the liquid crystal layer. In this way, red, green, and blue images are rapidly displayed in sequence to create the appearance of a full color image.
- the current state of the art liquid crystal layers cannot be switched fast enough to avoid flickering and other artifacts, especially if the LCD is to be a television screen. It is also known to have red, green, blue, and white subpixels in a single white pixel, where the white subpixel does not have any filter. Having a separate white subpixel, whose grayscale is controlled by the liquid crystal shutter, can efficiently be used to control the displayed color saturation. However, having an extra subpixel (i.e., 4 vs. 3) for a single white pixel reduces the resolution of the displayed image and reduces the color-generating areas of the RGB pixels. Further, the liquid crystal layer needs additional drive circuits, resulting in an expensive, customized device.
- An LCD is described where the backlight, having red, green, and blue LEDs, is controlled to generate monochromatic light, by energizing only one color of LEDs, during a portion of a cycle, such as an image frame cycle. During another portion of the cycle, all the LEDs are illuminated to create white light.
- the color filter in the LCD panel contains, for each white pixel, a first color (e.g., red) subpixel filter area, a second color (e.g., green) subpixel filter area, and a clear subpixel area for passing white light and the monochromatic light.
- the liquid crystal layer shutters are controlled to pass from 0-100% of the light for its associated subpixel to create a color image.
- the combination of colors from the monochromatic portion of the cycle and the white light portion of the cycle can create any color for the white pixel.
- the transmission efficiency of the display is almost doubled compared to a display with an RGB filter.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art LCD with RGB filters.
- Fig. 2 is a cutaway side view of a simplified LCD in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, along with a close up view of a portion of the color filter.
- Fig. 3 is a top down view of a backlight with controlled RGB LEDs.
- Fig. 4 illustrates an LCD in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling an LCD in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 6 illustrates sequentially controlling blue LEDs and RGB LEDs in the backlight.
- One embodiment of the present invention uses a backlight with RGB LEDs.
- An LCD uses a white pixel formed of two color subpixels and a "white" subpixel, where there is no color filter for the white subpixel.
- three subpixels for a single white pixel there is no loss of resolution as compared to a white pixel formed of RGB subpixels.
- the transmission efficiency of the LCD, when producing a white image is almost double that of the prior art LCD using an RGB filter.
- Fig. 2 is a cutaway side view of an LCD 30 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
- a backlight comprises a two-dimensional array 32 of RGB LEDs mounted in a box 34 with reflective walls and an open top.
- the walls may be coated with a white paint.
- a sheet representing color mixing optics 36 Above the LED array 32 is a sheet representing color mixing optics 36.
- the optics 36 may be a diffuser, such as a plastic sheet with a roughened surface.
- An LCD panel 38 contains the liquid crystal layer, filter, polarizers, and TFT array, as shown in Fig. 4. A close-up of a portion of the color filter 40 in the LCD panel 38 is shown in Fig. 2.
- the filter 40 may be a plastic or glass sheet with thin films forming the color filter at each subpixel area.
- Each white pixel, forming a "single" color dot in the displayed image is formed of three subpixels. The number of white pixels in the image determines the resolution of the image.
- the subpixels in a single white pixel are a red subpixel 42, a green subpixel 43, and a blue/white subpixel 44.
- the filter 40 in the area of the red subpixel 42 ideally passes only red light from the red LEDs in the backlight.
- the filter 40 in the area of the green subpixel 43 ideally passes only green light from the green LEDs in the backlight.
- the filter 40 in the area of the blue/white subpixel 44 passes all light generated by the backlight since that portion of the filter 40 is clear.
- red and green filters are not perfect and let some small percentage of other color light through. However, the light filtered by a red light filter will appear red to a viewer, and the light filtered by the green filter will appear green to a viewer.
- An LCD/LED controller 46 processes incoming display signals, such as television signals, and controls the LCD panel 38 and LEDs as described below.
- Fig. 3 is a top down view of the backlight box 34 and the RGB LEDs 48, 49, 50, respectively, in the array 32.
- the relative numbers of LEDs of each color are based on the efficiencies of the particular LEDs and the desired white point.
- the ratio is IR, 2G, IB.
- the ratios are IR, IG, IB for simplicity. There may be more or less LEDs than shown in Fig. 3 depending on the size of the display.
- Fig. 4 illustrates in more detail the display of Fig. 2. Elements that may be the same as in Fig. 1 are labeled with the same numeral and will not be again discussed.
- the RG filter 40 may be a single sheet with thin film filter areas, or the filter 40 may be two or more sheets, each with a different set of filter areas.
- the preferred LCD includes the RG filter 40, the polarizer filter 24, and the conductive layer on one side of a front glass plate.
- a single back glass plate has formed on its surface the TFT array 16 and the polarizing filter 14, and the liquid crystal material is sandwiched between the two glass plates.
- the backlight is shown as the RGB LED white light source 52 and mixing optics 36.
- Fig. 5 is a flowchart of the basic control method.
- the LCD/LED controller 46 receives display signals corresponding to the brightness levels of the RGB components of each pixel in an image to be displayed.
- the signals may be television signals, where each image is a frame. There may be 30 frames per second, where each frame is displayed twice to avoid flicker. The changes between frames are perceived as movement.
- the incoming signal may be in any format, whether analog or digital, and use any encoding scheme.
- the LCD/LED controller 46 e.g., one or more programmed processors
- the shutters may be controlled in a serpentine fashion, row by row, all at once, or in any other way.
- the LCD/LED controller 46 also determines the on time (TO to Tl in Fig. 6) of only the blue LEDs 50 in the backlight during a single frame cycle. During this on time, the red and green LEDs are off.
- the on-time of the blue LEDs 50 is calculated based on the peak blue value in all the pixels in the image, since any blue value in a pixel above that provided by the blue/white subpixel 44 is only achieved by the blue contribution during the on-time of the blue LEDs only. All of the blue light generated passes unfiltered through the clear portions of the filter 40, a clear portion of the filter is identified as the blue/white subpixel 44 in Fig. 2.
- the LCD/LED controller 46 also determines the on time (Tl to T2 in Fig. 6) of all the RGB LEDs in the backlight during the single frame cycle. This on time of all the LEDs may occur before or after the blue LED on time. When all the LEDs are on, the red filter areas only pass red light, the green filter areas only pass green light, and the blue/white filter areas pass the combined RGB white light.
- step 64 the controller 46 energizes all the blue LEDs 50 in the backlight for the calculated time TO to Tl, as shown in Fig. 6.
- the red and green subpixel areas of the display are dark because the blue light is blocked by the filter 40 in the red and green subpixel areas.
- the liquid crystal shutters in the red and green subpixel areas may be in a blocking state.
- the blue/white subpixel shutters in the liquid crystal layer 20 are controlled to pass 0-100% of the blue light depending on the image to be displayed. Controlling the shutters controls the percentage of blue that will be contributed to the white pixel during this portion of the frame cycle.
- the pixels with the peak blue values should ideally have their shutters open 100% of the time that the blue LEDs are on for maximum efficiency of the LCD.
- the shutters will be controlled during the time TO-Tl so that the contribution of the blue light during time TO-Tl and the blue component of the white light during time T1-T2 will produce the correct blue content of the pixel during the frame period.
- the duty cycle of the blue light portion of the cycle can be fixed for a "worst case" blue image.
- the RGB portion of the cycle can also be a fixed duty cycle.
- step 66 the controller 46 energizes all the RGB LEDs 48-50 in the backlight for the calculated time Tl to T2, as shown in Fig. 6.
- the liquid crystal layer 20 is controlled so that each subpixel shutter passes 0-100% of the subpixel' s respective color in order to create the image to be displayed.
- the blue/white subpixel shutters in the liquid crystal layer 20 are controlled to contribute the required portion of white light to the red and green subpixel light to obtain the desired overall color for each white pixel.
- the control of the blue/white subpixel shutters during this period is affected by the amount of blue light contributed to the white pixel during time TO-Tl.
- the time period T0-T2 may create only a portion of an image, such as a subset of the image pixels, and additional one or more cycles are used to create the entire image on the display screen.
- any color image may be generated by the display using the above-described technique.
- the subpixel colors in each white pixel over a single frame cycle are mixed together to create a single color white pixel without flicker. A human viewer is unable to perceive the separate portions of the control cycle.
- the software required for programming the LCD/LED controller 46 is well within the skills of those of ordinary skill in the field of color LCDs.
- the LCD/LED controller 46 may represent multiple processors, such as a processor for calculating the control of the liquid crystal layer 20 and LEDs and another processor for carrying out the calculated control. Or the controller 46 may represent one processor for controlling the backlight and another for controlling the liquid crystal layer. Processors having the required capabilities for processing television signals and controlling the LCD of the present invention are commercially sold.
- the filter 40 has only red and green filters, and the blue filter has been eliminated. Removing the blue filter is attractive, as it is the biggest source of color uniformity errors in the LCD panel, and the characteristics of a blue filter are most sensitive to thickness variations of the filter. So removing the blue filter increases the yield of the filter. Further, blue LEDs have the highest efficiency, even under high current density conditions, so energizing only the blue LEDs for a certain duty cycle increases efficiency of the backlight. Furthermore, saturated blue is a color, which does not occur in nature frequently and is mostly required to balance the red and green to get the desired white point of the display.
- the filter may include a combination of any two red, green, and blue filters, with the third subpixel having no filter.
- the LEDs producing the color not having any filter will be controlled in the same manner as described above with respect to the blue LEDs.
- the deletion of the blue color filter can result in the transmission efficiency of the display, when displaying white light, being almost double that of a similar display that includes an RGB filter.
- Increasing the transmission efficiency lowers the cost of the backlight, enables using fewer LEDs, and reduces energy consumption.
- the ratio of RBG LEDs can be changed from IR, 2G, IB using the prior art method, to IR, IG, IB using the present invention, which improves color uniformity as well as reduces the number of LEDs needed. Colors of LEDs other than RGB may also be used in the invention to generate white light.
- the LCD of Figs. 2 and 4 may be large screen televisions, such as up to 60 inches across, or small screen displays such as in cell phones, small TVs, or in any portable device having a color display.
- the LCD may be used to create moving pictures, still pictures, or any other information.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/312,679 US7580023B2 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Color LCD with bi-color sequential backlight |
PCT/IB2006/054850 WO2007072353A1 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2006-12-14 | Color lcd with bi-color sequential backlight |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1966787A1 true EP1966787A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
Family
ID=37983525
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06842521A Withdrawn EP1966787A1 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2006-12-14 | Color lcd with bi-color sequential backlight |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7580023B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1966787A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5166731B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101341526B (en) |
TW (1) | TWI403798B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007072353A1 (en) |
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- 2006-12-14 CN CN2006800479240A patent/CN101341526B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-14 EP EP06842521A patent/EP1966787A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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TWI402813B (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2013-07-21 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Color sequential display device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TW200736727A (en) | 2007-10-01 |
US20070139352A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
CN101341526B (en) | 2010-10-20 |
WO2007072353A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
CN101341526A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
JP2007171981A (en) | 2007-07-05 |
JP5166731B2 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
US7580023B2 (en) | 2009-08-25 |
TWI403798B (en) | 2013-08-01 |
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